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Source: http://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/atom.xml

1. <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959</id><updated>2024-04-20T05:13:32.508-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Education Outrage</title><subtitle type='html'>Roger Schank was a pioneering researcher in AI, cognitive science, and learning science at some of the top universities in the world. He gave up being a part of the education system so he could begin to change it. For the past 20+ years he and his companies have been building meaningful curricula based on his research. This is his outrage about the education system and his recommendations on how to fix it.</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default?alt=atom'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default?alt=atom&amp;start-index=26&amp;max-results=25'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>293</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-7293631325319605617</id><published>2020-07-20T11:56:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2020-07-20T11:56:23.327-04:00</updated><title type='text'> Online teaching not working?</title><content type='html'>&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 18px;&quot;&gt;Online teaching not working? Maybe you don’t know what you are doing.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
2. <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px;"><br /></span>
3. <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px;">1. </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px;">A good online course must be driven by doing, not by listening; ask students to try to accomplish something they don’t know how to do and help them do it. To do this you must build “goal based scenarios” with built in expert help A.</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px;"> </span><br />
4. <br />
5. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
6. <span style="font-kerning: none;">2. You cannot be the only expert in the room. You must find experts an record them (or provide short readings) so they can pop up as needed when a student is lost. You need to be there as needed as well. And the other students can serve can provide just in time help as well. Don’t attempt to recreate the classroom. You want students to talk to each other.</span></div>
7. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
8. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
9. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
10. <span style="font-kerning: none;">3. There can be no tests. Only goals and the possibility  that the students can achieve the goal set out for them. </span></div>
11. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
12. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
13. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
14. <span style="font-kerning: none;">4. Get over theory.  Professors love to teach theories, usually because they have had no real world practice themselves. Stop building your courses around theory.</span></div>
15. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
16. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
17. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
18. <span style="font-kerning: none;">5. Make it fun.</span></div>
19. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/7293631325319605617/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=7293631325319605617' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/7293631325319605617'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/7293631325319605617'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/07/online-teaching-not-working.html' title=' Online teaching not working?'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-5674294945133304583</id><published>2020-07-02T08:43:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2020-07-02T08:43:32.615-04:00</updated><title type='text'>When can students return to the classroom?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
20. <br /></div>
21. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
22. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
23. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
24. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why do we hear so much about this? Politicians, doctors, parents all talking about it non-stop.</span></div>
25. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
26. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
27. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
28. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here is why:</span></div>
29. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
30. <br /></div>
31. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
32. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We have built a world based on the existence of schools. Parents can go to work because the state is taking care of their children. (And there is stuff they must learn — no one ask why.) But what are we doing to kids when they are taking care of them?</span></div>
33. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
34. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
35. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
36. <span style="font-kerning: none;">1- making them anxious about grades</span></div>
37. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
38. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
39. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
40. <span style="font-kerning: none;">2- making them memorize stuff they will never need</span></div>
41. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
42. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
43. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
44. <span style="font-kerning: none;">3- creating a world where kids can bully each other</span></div>
45. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
46. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
47. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
48. <span style="font-kerning: none;">4- making them learn to sit down and shut up</span></div>
49. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
50. <br /></div>
51. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
52. <span style="font-kerning: none;">5- preventing kids from following their own interests  </span></div>
53. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
54. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
55. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
56. <span style="font-kerning: none;">(none of this is the fault of teachers; this </span></div>
57. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
58. <span style="font-kerning: none;">is the fault of he system they have to teach in)</span></div>
59. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
60. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
61. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
62. <span style="font-kerning: none;">so why do we have school? (hint - its not for the kids)</span></div>
63. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
64. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
65. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
66. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Imagine a world where we could choose what to learn and what to do. Most kids have that world when they are at home. Why not in “school” as well?</span></div>
67. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
68. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
69. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
70. <span style="font-kerning: none;">1- we can create places where kids can go that are safe</span></div>
71. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
72. <span style="font-kerning: none;">2- we can create places where kids can go where they can follow their own interests</span></div>
73. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
74. <span style="font-kerning: none;">3- we can eliminate anxiety about tests and grades</span></div>
75. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
76. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
77. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
78. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Imagine a world with happy kids.</span></div>
79. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
80. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
81. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
82. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why can’t we do this? Because we have been doing it the other way for so long we don’t even realize there is an alternative. There is important stuff they should learn: ancient literature, the quadratic formula; SP3 bonding.</span></div>
83. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
84. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
85. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
86. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What is the alternative? </span></div>
87. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
88. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
89. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
90. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We set up places (run by teachers who will no longer “teach”) where kids have experiences (virtual and live) that will (as it happens) teach you things.</span></div>
91. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
92. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
93. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
94. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We set up places where kids can play as much as they like (but we try and play the play valuable.)</span></div>
95. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
96. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
97. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
98. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We know how to build high quality online experiences and we know how to build safe places for kids.</span></div>
99. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
100. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
101. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
102. <span style="font-kerning: none;">(Yes, I know the Romans thought it was important to learn history, literature and philosophy.)</span></div>
103. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
104. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
105. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
106. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It has been 2000 years. Time to get over it.</span></div>
107. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/5674294945133304583/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=5674294945133304583' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5674294945133304583'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5674294945133304583'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/07/when-can-students-return-to-classroom.html' title='When can students return to the classroom?'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-1080880243604345720</id><published>2020-06-15T08:55:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2020-06-15T08:55:32.459-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Online college; Will It work? Will on the ground college survive?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;
108. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
109. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
110. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Universities are deciding to go online these days. One has to ask what we lose if they do.</span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(238, 34, 12); color: #ee220c;"> </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">Might students actually win?</span></div>
111. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
112. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
113. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
114. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Twenty years ago I was responsible for creating an online version of Carnegie Mellon University graduate programs which were run out of their Silicon Valley Campus. The courses we created, (100% learn by doing courses in masters degree programs in computer science) which were directed by CMU faculty in Pittsburgh, were only sometimes appreciated by the CMU faculty.</span></div>
115. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
116. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
117. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
118. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The students were initially surprised by the lack of a classroom and lectures. One of our TA’s said at the time that as a graduate student in Pittsburgh he had an easier time in the traditional courses. He could sit back in class and chat with his friends and then he could cram for tests. </span></div>
119. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
120. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
121. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
122. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51G1mNwUAHg">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51G1mNwUAHg</a></span></div>
123. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
124. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
125. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
126. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The CMU Silicon Valley students actually had to work hard and he felt sorry for them. The students stopped showing up on campus (because there was no need to) and they would meet with each other in Starbucks (because Starbucks had free internet.)</span></div>
127. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
128. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
129. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
130. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The students went from hating it during the first few weeks (because it was different from what they expected) to loving it (because they were acquiring real job skills and were getting hired by local companies.)</span></div>
131. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
132. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
133. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
134. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=659aE-Umvao">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=659aE-Umvao</a></span></div>
135. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
136. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
137. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
138. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4y32yicoRSA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4y32yicoRSA</a></span></div>
139. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
140. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
141. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
142. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Students were getting jobs and enjoying the experience. Eventually CMU decided to go back to way things always and been in some (but not all) of our offerings.  Why?</span></div>
143. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
144. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
145. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
146. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>“The reason academic politics are so vicious is that there is so little at stake.” Henry Kissinger</i></span></div>
147. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
148. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
149. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
150. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Many of the CMU faculty in Pittsburgh hated what we were doing, and some went out of their way to kill it. (But, many still use our approach to this day.) Typically, faculty want the system to stay the same. I warned CMU that my ideas would not go over well with the faculty when they hired me, and I was right.</span></div>
151. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
152. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
153. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
154. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So, while we hear every day that universities will be online next year, we need to understand what they mean by online is the closest imitation to what is there now so that faculty will not have to change anything they do or teach.</span></div>
155. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
156. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
157. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
158. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why is that? </span></div>
159. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
160. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Outsiders to academics think that faculty at elite research institutions are teachers. If I say I am a professor to someone, they usually ask <i>what do you teach?</i></span></div>
161. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
162. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
163. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
164. <span style="font-kerning: none;">But that is a silly question. Professors at elite universities spend a very small part of their lives teaching. (It was three hours a week every other semester for me.)</span></div>
165. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
166. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
167. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
168. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So when we hear that a top university is going online, we need to think out the implications:</span></div>
169. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
170. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
171. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
172. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Students will lose out on the main reasons they went to a top college:</span></div>
173. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
174. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
175. <ol>
176. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">no football</span></li>
177. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">no easy access to the opposite sex</span></li>
178. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">no parties</span></li>
179. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-kerning: none;">no leaving home</span></li>
180. </ol>
181. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
182. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
183. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
184. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We tend to assume that universities are about education but that is really just a nice story.</span></div>
185. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
186. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
187. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
188. <span style="font-kerning: none;">For university presidents, universities are about raising money, raising rankings, fame, keeping the faculty happy, and keeping students happy (in that order.)</span></div>
189. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
190. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
191. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
192. <span style="font-kerning: none;">For faculty, universities are about research, especially for the elite schools. Faculty are judged on how much money they bring in for research, how much fame they achieve, and how many papers they publish — not teaching. They hardly care about teaching. The more time spent on it, the less time for research. The choice is easy. </span></div>
193. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
194. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
195. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
196. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So, when a university is suddenly going online, I assure you that the faculty are simply thinking about how much more time this will give them for research. (No more students knocking on your door means more time for research.)</span></div>
197. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
198. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
199. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
200. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Let’s imagine we built one really great online college. What would it look like? Professor’s lives wouldn’t change much. They would teach every now and then, and then go back to research. In this new world, teaching would really mean mentoring. A professor sets out a challenge and the TA’s respond to students who need help. No blabbering on to people who aren’t really listening, no tests. Just setting up real challenges and providing help.</span></div>
201. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
202. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
203. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
204. <span style="font-kerning: none;">There would be no need for a “location” in this model.  Zoom meetings would become the norm. Who cares where people are physically?</span></div>
205. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
206. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
207. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
208. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So why take a Harvard course when you could take a Yale course? Those names will mean less and less over time. Why can’t a Yale student take a Harvard course now? Because it is to far to travel and because Yale would have to pay money to Harvard. Also, suppose a student at Yale took more Harvard courses than Yale courses. Who would award the degree? Now suppose that Mississippi State offered a great course. Could you get a degree if you took the best online courses available? Why should they be offered by only one school? The University of Alaska decided to stop offering sociology courses recently. Of course there was an outcry. According to Google there are about 5300 colleges and universities in the U.S. Do  they all need to teach sociology?  Not in an online world.</span></div>
209. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
210. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
211. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
212. <span style="font-kerning: none;">My company has an online cyber security course. It is offered by the University of Texas, Purdue University, Rutgers University, UC Davis, Vermont Community College, and Spokane Community College. This seems a little silly and out of date. My company offers it under our now name as well, but most students worry about credentials and certification so our name doesn’t beat Texas’ or Purdue’s.</span></div>
213. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
214. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
215. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
216. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In the physical world of schools, each school needs to offer many courses. This is simply not true in the online world. Why would there ever be a university of Alaska at all except for any other reason that Alaska is far away from the rest of the U.S. and people in Alaska would be at a disadvantage if they could not afford to travel. That world is over.  </span></div>
217. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
218. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
219. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
220. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It is only a matter of time until colleges have to deal with these issues, once they are all online. And, they won’t like it.</span></div>
221. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
222. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
223. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
224. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We have over 5300 colleges in the U.S. All these colleges exist for a variety of reasons. Many of them were started by religions. There was a serious need to teach people agriculture in the U.S. as the Westward expansion began, so many land-grant colleges were started. While many of the big state schools were started as agriculture schools, today they are in competition for rankings by U.S. News and World Report which means that they worry about how their faculty are viewed with respect to research and how well their applicants did on the SAT.</span></div>
225. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
226. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
227. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
228. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Harvard and Yale are fundamentally research institutions. Faculty are measured by how much money they bring in not by how well they teach. Students for the most part don’t care about either. They care about being able to say “I went to Harvard” every chance they get. People will ooh and ah when they say that, this may likely lead to a good job, and is likely to win the approval of future in-laws. These schools were set up as a way of certifying the elite and they have succeeded very well at that.</span></div>
229. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
230. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
231. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
232. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What does this have to do with online education? Nothing. If the physics course from Harvard is the best available then everyone should get to take it and then Yale needn’t bother building one. Is this possible? Certainly. But it won’t happen overnight.</span></div>
233. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
234. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
235. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
236. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I have no problem saying that Harvard and Yale will be around in 50 years and people will still want to go there. (We do need maybe 50 research universities.) Mississippi State and University of Alaska not so much. It would be a fine alternative if the best course designers got together and built really great courses that opened new worlds to students. They could be about research, but on the whole when a student signs up for a psychology course he most likely does not want to learn how to do research. He wants to find out why he is so screwed up and how to get along better with other people. Of course they don’t teach that in psych 101. But here and there, there are professors who teach courses like that. So it will not be a  competition between name brands but between courses that open new worlds and are exciting to take, giving you real world knowledge and practice applying the knowledge that you will be able to use later in life.</span></div>
237. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
238. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
239. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
240. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Required courses? Out the window. They exist only to funnel students into research courses that faculty really want to teach so they can get students who will work for them in their field. They also exist so important faculty don’t have to teach elementary subjects. Most faculty  just want to teach their own research.</span></div>
241. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
242. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
243. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
244. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In an online world all that will go away. Take what courses you want, built by the best course designers, and delivered by the best teachers. The courses would no longer be 40 hours long. Why does it take 40 hours to learn every single thing? Can’t you learn something in 3 hours or in 300?</span></div>
245. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
246. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
247. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
248. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Certification agencies (which are one of the main problems in education) will go away. They will be replaced by recommendations about how well a course works for  students and how much employers want to hire the students who succeeded in that course.</span></div>
249. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
250. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
251. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
252. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Subjects (and departments) will disappear. Amazon offers things its data indicates that consumers will want. The Amazon of education would do the same. College would become much cheaper and kids would sign up in order to learn rather than to have a good time and get away from their parents (and in the words of a cousin of mine who asked me for advice about college) they will not get the “rah rah.”  </span></div>
253. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
254. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
255. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
256. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We can make education work for everyone by making it cheaper and offering thousands of courses. (But these “courses” would really be mentored experiences, not courses. We throw you in the water and help you to swim. No lectures on why flotation works.) They can be built by the experts once they learn to do it properly. For now, let every school go online and let the marketplace decide.</span></div>
257. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
258. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
259. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
260. <span style="font-kerning: none;">When Amazon became popular people moaned about the disappearance of book stores. Book stores were indeed nice places to hangout and a good place to meet people. But, it is much easier to find a book on Amazon, even though Amazon has yet to figure out how to properly recommend books because its algorithms do not actually understand what a book is really about. </span></div>
261. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
262. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
263. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
264. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Bookstores have started to die. The same will be true for colleges. Yes, they are fun experiences but they will never offer all the possible options.  </span></div>
265. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
266. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
267. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
268. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It is time for an online college that offers everything to everyone.</span></div>
269. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(20, 23, 26); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #14171a; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
270. <br /></div>
271. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
272. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
273. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
274. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
275. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
276. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
277. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
278. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
279. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
280. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
281. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
282. <br /></div>
283. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
284. <br /></div>
285. <div>
286. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><br /></span></div>
287. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/1080880243604345720/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=1080880243604345720' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1080880243604345720'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1080880243604345720'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/06/online-college-will-it-work-will-on.html' title='Online college; Will It work? Will on the ground college survive?'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-3081136066546995790</id><published>2020-05-17T10:59:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2020-05-19T15:10:27.513-04:00</updated><title type='text'>  All colleges are going online; too bad they will produce garbage </title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;
288. <div class="social-details-social-activity update-v2-social-activity ember-view" id="ember1163" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
289. <div class="social-details-social-activity ember-view" id="ember1164" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
290. <span style="color: #ba0000;"><br /></span>
291. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">A story: years ago I got interested in building an online course in aerospace engineering; </span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
292. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">By the end of the day we had designed a great course, starting with designing a table and ending with designing a 787; the engineers were excited; all learning by doing; project building on project, but, alas no math and science. </span></span></span><br />
293. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
294. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">I asked the professor to look at each project; design a table: math and science needed? "of course", he said, "you need Newton's laws."</span></span></span><br />
295. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
296. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">"So before Newton, there were no tables?" one of our team asked.</span></span></span><br />
297. <span style="color: #000090; font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">All these schools are announcing they will go to online learning.  But professors haven't a clue about online learning.</span></span></span><br />
298. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
299. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">I would love to teach them how to do it; we even have a tool they could use; but they won't be interested, I predict.</span></span></span><br />
300. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
301. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">They would have to think differently about their existing courses and they can't.</span></span></span><br />
302. <span style="color: #000090; font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">All these schools are announcing they will go to online learning.  But professors haven't a clue about online learning.</span><br />
303. <span style="color: #000090; font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">I would love to teach them how to do it; we even have a tool they could use; but they won't be interested, I predict.</span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></span><br />
304. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
305. </span></span></span>
306. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">College </span></span><span style="color: #000090;"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">courses are full</span> of stuff you should know because you might need it later; they are not all that interested in teaching you to do real world things. In fact, very few faculty have never actually done any real world things. (If they have done real world things, </span></span><span style="color: #000090; font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">they are called "adjuncts."</span><br />
307. <span style="color: #000090; font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
308. <span style="color: #000090; font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;">We will created an online course for faculty to teach real world things online. Let's see if anyone cares.</span><br />
309. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></span>
310. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> 
311. </span></span></span><br />
312. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
313. </span></span></span>
314. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
315. </span></span></span><br />
316. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
317. </span></span></span>
318. <span style="font-family: , , "blinkmacsystemfont" , "segoe ui" , "roboto" , "helvetica neue" , "fira sans" , "ubuntu" , "oxygen" , "oxygen sans" , "cantarell" , "droid sans" , "apple color emoji" , "segoe ui emoji" , "segoe ui symbol" , "lucida grande" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0 , 0 , 0 , 0.901961);"><span style="caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
319. </span></span></span>
320. <br />
321. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; word-spacing: 0px;">
322. <div class="social-details-social-activity update-v2-social-activity ember-view" id="ember1163" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; word-spacing: 0px;">
323. <div class="social-details-social-activity ember-view" id="ember1164" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
324. <ul class="social-details-social-counts ember-view" id="ember1165" style="align-items: flex-start; background-color: transparent; border-bottom-color: rgb(230, 233, 236); border-bottom-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; line-height: 1.33333; margin: 0px 16px; overflow: auto; padding: 8px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
325. <li class="social-details-social-counts__item social-details-social-counts__reactions" style="align-items: center; background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; list-style: none; margin: 0px 4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #000090;"><span style="font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></span></li>
326. </ul>
327. </div>
328. </div>
329. </div>
330. </div>
331. </div>
332. <br />
333. <div class="feed-shared-update-v2__description-wrapper ember-view" id="ember1155" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
334. <div class="feed-shared-inline-show-more-text feed-shared-update-v2__description feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--minimal-padding feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--5-lines feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--expanded ember-view" data-artdeco-is-focused="true" id="ember1156" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2rem !important; margin: 0px 16px; max-height: none; max-width: 928px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;" tabindex="-1">
335. <div class="feed-shared-text relative feed-shared-update-v2__commentary  ember-view" dir="ltr" id="ember1157" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.42857; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline;">
336. <div class="feed-shared-text__text-view feed-shared-text-view white-space-pre-wrap break-words ember-view" id="ember1158" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap !important; word-break: break-word !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
337. <span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ember-view" id="ember1161" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></span></div>
338. </div>
339. </div>
340. </div>
341. <div class="feed-shared-update-v2__description-wrapper ember-view" id="ember1155" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
342. <div class="feed-shared-inline-show-more-text feed-shared-update-v2__description feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--minimal-padding feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--5-lines feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--expanded ember-view" data-artdeco-is-focused="true" id="ember1156" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2rem !important; margin: 0px 16px; max-height: none; max-width: 928px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;" tabindex="-1">
343. <div class="feed-shared-text relative feed-shared-update-v2__commentary  ember-view" dir="ltr" id="ember1157" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.42857; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline;">
344. <div class="feed-shared-text__text-view feed-shared-text-view white-space-pre-wrap break-words ember-view" id="ember1158" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap !important; word-break: break-word !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
345. <span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ember-view" id="ember1161" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></span></div>
346. </div>
347. </div>
348. </div>
349. <div class="feed-shared-update-v2__description-wrapper ember-view" id="ember1155" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
350. <div class="feed-shared-inline-show-more-text feed-shared-update-v2__description feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--minimal-padding feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--5-lines feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--expanded ember-view" data-artdeco-is-focused="true" id="ember1156" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2rem !important; margin: 0px 16px; max-height: none; max-width: 928px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;" tabindex="-1">
351. <div class="feed-shared-text relative feed-shared-update-v2__commentary  ember-view" dir="ltr" id="ember1157" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.42857; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline;">
352. <div class="feed-shared-text__text-view feed-shared-text-view white-space-pre-wrap break-words ember-view" id="ember1158" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap !important; word-break: break-word !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
353. <span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ember-view" id="ember1161" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></span></div>
354. </div>
355. </div>
356. </div>
357. <div class="feed-shared-update-v2__description-wrapper ember-view" id="ember1155" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
358. <div class="feed-shared-inline-show-more-text feed-shared-update-v2__description feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--minimal-padding feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--5-lines feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--expanded ember-view" data-artdeco-is-focused="true" id="ember1156" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2rem !important; margin: 0px 16px; max-height: none; max-width: 928px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;" tabindex="-1">
359. <div class="feed-shared-text relative feed-shared-update-v2__commentary  ember-view" dir="ltr" id="ember1157" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.42857; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline;">
360. <div class="feed-shared-text__text-view feed-shared-text-view white-space-pre-wrap break-words ember-view" id="ember1158" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap !important; word-break: break-word !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
361. <span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ember-view" id="ember1161" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></span></div>
362. </div>
363. </div>
364. </div>
365. <div class="feed-shared-update-v2__description-wrapper ember-view" id="ember1155" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
366. <div class="feed-shared-inline-show-more-text feed-shared-update-v2__description feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--minimal-padding feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--5-lines feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--expanded ember-view" data-artdeco-is-focused="true" id="ember1156" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2rem !important; margin: 0px 16px; max-height: none; max-width: 928px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;" tabindex="-1">
367. <div class="feed-shared-text relative feed-shared-update-v2__commentary  ember-view" dir="ltr" id="ember1157" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.42857; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline;">
368. <div class="feed-shared-text__text-view feed-shared-text-view white-space-pre-wrap break-words ember-view" id="ember1158" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap !important; word-break: break-word !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
369. <span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ember-view" id="ember1161" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></span></div>
370. </div>
371. </div>
372. </div>
373. <div class="feed-shared-update-v2__description-wrapper ember-view" id="ember1155" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
374. <div class="feed-shared-inline-show-more-text feed-shared-update-v2__description feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--minimal-padding feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--5-lines feed-shared-inline-show-more-text--expanded ember-view" data-artdeco-is-focused="true" id="ember1156" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2rem !important; margin: 0px 16px; max-height: none; max-width: 928px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;" tabindex="-1">
375. <div class="feed-shared-text relative feed-shared-update-v2__commentary  ember-view" dir="ltr" id="ember1157" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.42857; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline;">
376. <div class="feed-shared-text__text-view feed-shared-text-view white-space-pre-wrap break-words ember-view" id="ember1158" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap !important; word-break: break-word !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">
377. <span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ember-view" id="ember1161" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; line-height: inherit !important; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></span></div>
378. </div>
379. </div>
380. </div>
381. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/3081136066546995790/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=3081136066546995790' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3081136066546995790'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3081136066546995790'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/05/all-colleges-are-going-online-too-bad.html' title='  All colleges are going online; too bad they will produce garbage '/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-8689286292198579464</id><published>2020-05-07T08:33:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2020-05-07T08:33:01.100-04:00</updated><title type='text'> Please don’t try to put your course online….</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
382. <br /></div>
383. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
384. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I and (a large team) have been building online courses since I started the Institute for the Learning Sciences (ILS) at Northwestern University in 1989. I started ILS because after watching my kids suffer through school and wondering why things were done that way in school, I thought (since my field was learning) maybe I could change things. But school weren’t interested in changing. Corporations were interested, so we built (and still are building) online courses for them. Occasionally we got to build course for colleges but even when we had built a great course, internal faculty politics usually killed it.</span></div>
385. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
386. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
387. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
388. <span style="font-kerning: none;">But now, due to Covid, schools are closing and we are all wondering what to do. Putting your courses on line is the obvious answer. But wait. Let me explain what to do and what not to do, following these ten admonitions:</span></div>
389. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
390. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
391. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
392. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
393. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
394. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
395. <ol>
396. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><b></b><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Do not attempt to copy an existing course</b></span></li>
397. </ol>
398. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
399. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
400. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
401. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why not? You teach a great course so why not attempt to copy it?</span></div>
402. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
403. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
404. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
405. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Once I was talking with another professor about why I thought lectures were not a good idea. He told me he gave great lectures. I said: suppose you go to class and there is only one student there, would you give the lecture? He hesitated and then said “no, but he would miss a great lecture.” </span></div>
406. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
407. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
408. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
409. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Then why wouldn’t he give one student the lecture? Because in real life we don’t talk at someone we talk with them. The listener typically has a question or a different point of view, and they want to respond with what they are thinking. Conversation is how we learn. No one can learn from someone talking at them for an hour. The reason lectures exist at all is both economic and historical.  Before printing books was easy, teachers would read books to their students. (Lecture means “to read”in Latin.) Colleges can make money by stuffing 500 kids in a room with only one teacher. When the Romans decided what needed to be in the curriculum (another Latin word) they chose subjects from what they called the Liberal Arts in an effort to create intellectuals. They were not trying to prepare kids to go to work or live in the real world. They wanted to train rich kids to be Orators in the Forum. It is astonishing that we still do this (given that we don’t need Orators these days.) But the University of Bologna copied this model and all universities have followed. The high school curriculum in the U.S. was created by the President of Harvard in 1892. Harvard was still copying the Roman concept of education and Harvard wanted everyone in high school to be ready for Harvard. From Rome until today school is meant for the rich and for people who will not have to work. Why can’t we change that? Because we have always done. it that way.</span></div>
410. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
411. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
412. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
413. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So, before you attempt to put your course online you must ask if your course is useful, and the answer can’t be “it will teach you how to think” which what all academics say when they can’t answer questions about the usefulness of what they teach.   Knowing stuff and being able to repeat it is not education no matter what the Romans thought. When your child asks you a question you don’t respond with an hour lecture. Long before children first attend school they are little learning machines. They try to do stuff that interests them and when they are stuck they ask someone for help. This is how all humans learn (and animals too but without the ability to ask questions.)</span></div>
414. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
415. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
416. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
417. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So, before you try to put your course online, you must ask what the students will be able to do after they have taken your course and you must ask if they truly want to be able to do that. If a course doesn’t teach you something that you want to learn how to do, then it is just transferring inert knowledge that will soon be forgotten.</span></div>
418. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
419. <br /></div>
420. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
421. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
422. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
423. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>2. No tests  </b></span></div>
424. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
425. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
426. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
427. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Every year in my first class of a course in September I would ask the class if they could pass the final exams from the courses they took last year? They all agreed they could if they could study first. That didn’t sound crazy to them, but it did to me. Isn’t a test meant to be an assessment of what you have learned in a course? Studying is temporary memorization of stuff you haven’t already retained. We make every kid in the world memorize the quadratic formula so they can pass the test that will inevitably have a question about it. Does anyone who isn’t a mathematician need to know it? </span></div>
428. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
429. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
430. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
431. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The problem with tests is that their entire point is to enable the teacher to assign a grade. Why do we need grades? For colleges to determine if they should admit you is the usual answer. I used to give every kid an A as long as they showed up and wrote answers to questions I gave them that were intended to start them thinking so we could discuss ideas in class. (I only did this when I got to a point where I was too important to be punished for having done this.)</span></div>
432. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
433. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
434. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
435. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Kids are so used to grades that they obsess about them. But why? Because they want to get admitted to the next school. I understand that teachers must give grades but while we have a chance to redesign courses we must get rid of them. My driver’s license doesn’t have a grade on it. You have one or you don’t. Someone watched and saw what I could do. In real life there are no grades just assessments of a capabilities based on observed performance.</span></div>
436. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
437. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
438. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
439. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So, an ideal course has to end in a proof of performance (not of the ability to temporarily memorize.)</span></div>
440. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
441. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
442. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
443. <span style="font-kerning: none;">For as long a there has been “distance learning” and “computer based training” there has been text on screen followed by a test. This was never a reasonable way to handle education. Putting it online doesn’t improve this terrible methodology.</span></div>
444. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
445. <br /></div>
446. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
447. <br /></div>
448. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
449. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>3. Start with a goal that a student wants to be able to achieve </b></span></div>
450. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
451. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
452. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
453. <span style="font-kerning: none;">When you design an online course you must begin with the end in mind.  <i>What do </i></span><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><i>you</i></span><span style="font-kerning: none;"><i> want the student to be able to do at the end? Do they want to learn to do that? Will being able to do that help them in some way? </i>Courses often ignore a student’s real goals and replace them with artificial academic goals.</span></div>
454. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
455. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
456. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
457. <span style="font-kerning: none;">When I was at Yale I happened to sit in on a class in developmental psychology. It was all women. When I inquired about this the professor told me that these women all expected to be mothers some day and wanted to learn about how to raise a child. Except that is not what they they were teaching in that course. Child raising is not an academic subject, so instead they taught theories about child development. They didn’t care why the students were there.</span></div>
458. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
459. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
460. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
461. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Many years later my team built a course in how to raise a child  (with the help of the developmental psychology faculty at Columbia University.) The student dealt with videos of problem children and taught how to deal with them. Students loved it. But no school would use it. Too practical; no theory.</span></div>
462. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
463. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
464. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
465. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In order to fix online education we need to fix education. Faculty always seem to want to teach theory and rarely want to teach practice.  This has to change. Teachers are rarely practitioners. This has to change as well.</span></div>
466. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
467. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
468. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
469. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>4. Encourage the expression of ideas</b></span></div>
470. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
471. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
472. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
473. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Small children always have questions, and ideas and stuff they want to say. Then they go to school and are told to sit down and shut up or they are diagnosed with ADHD because they don’t follow orders. School has always been about paying attention.  In the movie “Horsefeathers” Groucho Marx plays the role of a college president. When he is told about a problem arising from too few dormitories he responds by saying that students can sleep in the classrooms like they always do.</span></div>
474. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
475. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
476. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
477. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We all know all know that students are not paying attention, but we don’t care because they have to pass the test and will study. Classrooms tend to inhibit the expression of ideas. But, good online education does the opposite. We believe in having “cohorts” of students in our online courses. There may be 50 students in a course but there are just 5 that you hang out with. Talk to them and when you are confused you can talk to the teacher (who is more of a mentor than a teacher) and ask for help. A good mentor does not tell you “the answer” but encourages you to find it for yourself. Say your ideas, defend them, find a way to convince others that you are right. This is how a good online course must go. In general, there are no right answers.</span></div>
478. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
479. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
480. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
481. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
482. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
483. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>5.  Teachers are behind the scenes</b></span></div>
484. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
485. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
486. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
487. <span style="font-kerning: none;">When we hear the word <i>teacher</i> we immediately think about someone standing in front of a classroom talking at us. But your best teachers were more than likely your parents who never did that. Natural teaching occurs when one has an idea follows their intuitions and nothing goes as planned. You look for  someone to ask for help. Providing this help is a teacher’s real job. Most teachers actually know this but the system puts them in a room with 50 kids so they can’t teach in response to a student’s need. They have a curriculum to follow and content to cover. The notion that the teacher is a deliverer of content is simply wrong. Textbooks can do that (badly).</span></div>
488. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
489. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
490. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
491. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A good online course employs mentors not teachers. A mentor is someone who is only there when you need them.</span></div>
492. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
493. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
494. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
495. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>6. Build in failure</b></span></div>
496. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
497. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
498. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
499. <span style="font-kerning: none;">If you don’t fail you don’t learn. All good online courses set up the student for failure. Course need to have situations in which a student’s job is to figure out a real problem. “We’ve been hacked. Figure out what happened.” “Our business is running out of money, figure to why.” The engine isn’t running. Why?” “The patient is dying, help him.” </span></div>
500. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
501. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
502. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
503. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Set up a problem the students will find interesting and make the student try to figure out a solution, not to a math problem, but to a real life problem. Provide help as warranted.</span></div>
504. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
505. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
506. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
507. <span style="font-kerning: none;">That is all there is to online education.</span></div>
508. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
509. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
510. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
511. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why don’t we do that in classroom? Because each student would have their own ideas, different solutions, and need different kinds of help. School demands that every child be on the same page at the same time, an idea so stupid it is hard to believe we do that.</span></div>
512. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
513. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
514. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
515. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>7. Make it emotional</b></span></div>
516. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
517. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
518. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
519. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Humans are emotional and people oriented. Why do many students (girls more than boys) because it is barren of feelings and emotional substance. History is more interesting when it is about real people rather battles and ideology. </span></div>
520. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
521. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
522. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
523. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We built a course that taught doctors how to tell patients that they have cancer. We employed videos that were heart wrenching (just good actors actually) and they were hard to forget because they made students feel something. </span></div>
524. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
525. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
526. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
527. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We built a history course that relied on real people telling stories about decisions that were made in similar situations and how they worked out. Some of these stories were hard to forget. After the first Gulf War we asked an advisor to the first George Bush why they decided not to kill Saddam Hussein. He said “do know what would happen if we killed Saddam?” He then laid it in detail the events that followed 10 years later when we did kill Saddam. I remember his final words “it would be a bloodbath.”</span></div>
528. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
529. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
530. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
531. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I have that video on my laptop and often show it when I am talking to the US government about building online courses. It always has a tremendous impact.</span></div>
532. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
533. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
534. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
535. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
536. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
537. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>8. Use just in time stories </b></span></div>
538. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
539. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
540. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
541. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We collect stories (usually about 1.5 minutes long) from experts, the kind of stories people tell when they are in a conversation. We learn a great deal from stories people tell when we can relate to them. So, the first thing we do when we build an online course is collect stories from experts. We engage them in conversation (with the camera showing only the interviewee) and in the end we have hundreds of stories that we can use just in time as appropriate in the course. We learn a great deal when we do these interviews. We learn about the domain and we learn about the people in the domain. The course should provide that same entree into a domain. Talk with enough doctors and you begin to understand how they think, what they know, and what they don’t know.</span></div>
542. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
543. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
544. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
545. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You want an online courses to be full of experts ready to jump in as needed.</span></div>
546. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
547. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
548. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
549. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>9. Students must have other people to talk to</b></span></div>
550. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
551. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
552. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
553. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
554. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
555. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Most online course are lonely experiences. One person staring at a screen. If the online course really is a copy of a classroom there may well be other people around  but not ones you can easily talk with. People like to talk to other people. In our online courses students talk to each other all the time. They can figure things out together. The mentor can meet one on one but also schedules regular sessions with a small group. Online courses must include regular interactions that are both enjoyable and interesting or they are hard to endure.</span></div>
556. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
557. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
558. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
559. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
560. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
561. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>10. Make it fun</b></span></div>
562. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
563. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
564. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
565. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Learning something new is enjoyable. We revel in acquiring new skills. We like to show off what new things we can do. It is fun. I do not mean that learning is a game where one laughs a lot. People enjoy learning new skills that they wanted to learn. No one ever learned how to drive a car who wasn’t excited to show off  their new ability and go for a drive.</span></div>
566. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
567. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
568. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
569. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The Coronavirus Pandemic has offered a solution to education that have plagued our world for many years.</span></div>
570. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
571. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
572. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(24, 24, 24); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #181818; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
573. <span style="font-kerning: none;">“Failure is instructive. The person who really thinks learns quite as much from his failures as from his successes.” </span></div>
574. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
575. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(24, 24, 24); color: #181818;">― </span><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>John Dewey</b></span></div>
576. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
577. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
578. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(24, 24, 24); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #181818; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
579. <span style="font-kerning: none;">“Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn.” </span></div>
580. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
581. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(24, 24, 24); color: #181818;">― </span><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Benjamin Franklin</b></span></div>
582. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
583. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
584. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
585. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A general State <b>education</b> is a mere contrivance for moulding people to be exactly like one another; and as the mould in which it casts them is that which pleases the dominant power in the government, whether this be a monarch, an aristocracy, or a majority of the existing generation; in proportion as it is efficient …</span></div>
586. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
587. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">—</span><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>J.S. Mill</b></span></div>
588. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 15px;">
589. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
590. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
591. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
592. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 34, 34); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
593. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Good online learning changes all that. We can fix it now. Start Designi</span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">ng. </span></div>
594. <div>
595. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"><br /></span></div>
596. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
597. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
598. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
599. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
600. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
601. <br /></div>
602. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
603. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
604. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
605. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
606. <br />
607. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
608. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
609. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/8689286292198579464/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=8689286292198579464' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/8689286292198579464'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/8689286292198579464'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/05/please-dont-try-to-put-your-course.html' title=' Please don’t try to put your course online….'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-5015687075851059045</id><published>2020-04-27T09:02:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2020-04-27T09:02:46.223-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Thinking about putting your course online?</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Fira Sans&amp;quot;, Ubuntu, Oxygen, &amp;quot;Oxygen Sans&amp;quot;, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Droid Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Apple Color Emoji&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Segoe UI Emoji&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Segoe UI Symbol&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Lucida Grande&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;When I first started teaching in college (at Stanford) I just stood up and started talking.  The students were there because the course was required, not because they wanted to know what I had to say. They just cared about doing whatever they had to do to get a good grade.
610.  
611. By the time I got to Yale I had acquired more sense about teaching. The first day I would ask students why they were there. This question was met with blank stares. When I pushed them I got answers about how the course fit into their schedule and that they heard I was an easy grader.
612.  
613. By the time I got to Northwestern I had acquired more sense and more power. I did what I wanted to do: started arguments, made students defend their ideas, told them what I thought didn't matter, what mattered was what they thought.
614.  
615. As I began to think about online learning during that time, I became convinced that the teacher didn't really matter in these courses except as a course designer. I laid out the groundwork and forced the kids to think hard.    
616.  
617. I started designing online courses. The student has to achieve an agreed upon goal. You make sure they can achieve that goal by providing good resources.  Online courses must have deliverables that students want to create, not teachers they have to listen to.</span><br />
618. <span style="background-color: white; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Fira Sans", Ubuntu, Oxygen, "Oxygen Sans", Cantarell, "Droid Sans", "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Lucida Grande", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span>
619. &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, &amp;quot;Segoe UI&amp;quot;, Roboto, &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Fira Sans&amp;quot;, Ubuntu, Oxygen, &amp;quot;Oxygen Sans&amp;quot;, Cantarell, &amp;quot;Droid Sans&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Apple Color Emoji&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Segoe UI Emoji&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Segoe UI Symbol&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Lucida Grande&amp;quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;College was not &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Fira Sans, Ubuntu, Oxygen, Oxygen Sans, Cantarell, Droid Sans, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol, Lucida Grande, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;designed to teach &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000090; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Roboto, Helvetica Neue, Fira Sans, Ubuntu, Oxygen, Oxygen Sans, Cantarell, Droid Sans, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol, Lucida Grande, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.901961); font-size: 14.000000953674316px; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;students to do things. The idea was (and is) that students should be taught to know things. But you can&#39;t know things because someone told you those things. You can believe things because someone told you them and but knowing requires doing, experiencing, and learning from mistakes. Learning is an emotional experience guided by a desire to do. Online learning must let you do things you want to do. It is not about listening to a teacher.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/5015687075851059045/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=5015687075851059045' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5015687075851059045'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5015687075851059045'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/04/thinking-about-putting-your-course.html' title='Thinking about putting your course online?'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-4668526430099042259</id><published>2020-04-07T09:33:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2020-04-07T09:33:46.488-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Please don&#39;t ruin online learning because teachers don&#39;t know how to do it</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
620. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I called two of my grandchildren to ask about how their online schooling was going. They said they were very happy about it. They are bored to death (as is everyone else these days) and they were missing school. They wanted to talk to their friends. They needed something to do. When I asked about what they were doing in online school they both said the same thing. They were listening to the teacher talk, doing some assignments they had been given, and talking with their friends. “Did they like it?” I asked. Well, “it is better than doing nothing, but it is boring. Had they learning anything? “Not really, but they got to see their friends.” “Why did they bother with doing the assigments?” I asked. “Because we don’t want to get bad grades.”</span></div>
621. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
622. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
623. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
624. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I wonder why they care about grades so much; I didn’t. Their mother didn’t. But we live in a time where everyone wants to go to Harvard and is working towards that goal from first grade on. We have transformed “education” as the goal of school into an obsession with grades.</span></div>
625. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
626. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
627. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
628. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I have been concerned about this most of my adult life. I studied how learning worked in an attempt to fix school. In 1989, I moved to Northwestern University to create the Institute of the Learning Sciences. My goal was to build an alternative to school that could be done on a computer. Why use a computer? Because by getting rid of the classroom we allowed each kid to follow their own interests and go at their own pace. </span></div>
629. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
630. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
631. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
632. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Today we hear a lot about online learning but what is really meant is an attempt to replicate the classroom online. This is a terrible idea because the classroom was never really about learning in the first place, unless by learning” we mean memorization followed by a test. </span></div>
633. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
634. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
635. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
636. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Real learning (the kind we do everyday) occurs in the context of truly held goals and the attempt to achieve them. Kids learn that way in school in the context of everyday life not studying in academic subjects.</span></div>
637. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
638. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
639. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
640. <span style="font-kerning: none;">When we go back to thinking about online education, please don’t try to replicate the classroom. Try to replicate real life.</span></div>
641. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
642. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
643. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
644. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Some programs we built in those days which would entertain and educate kids today if they were available to them.</span></div>
645. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
646. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
647. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
648. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Road trip:</b> travel around the country to see stuff that interests you</span></div>
649. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
650. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
651. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
652. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Creanimate</b>: design you own animal</span></div>
653. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
654. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
655. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
656. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Sickle Cell Counselor</b>: advise couples about whether they should get married by doing genetic tests</span></div>
657. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
658. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
659. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
660. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Broadcast News</b>: review the days event and put together tonight’s evening news.</span></div>
661. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
662. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
663. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
664. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Dustin</b>: enter a foreign country and try to learn the language by interacting with the people you find there  </span></div>
665. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
666. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
667. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
668. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Advise the president:</b> war has broken out in Eastern Europe. You need to advise the president about what we should do</span></div>
669. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
670. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
671. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
672. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Is it a Rembrandt</b>: a museum has a painting that they think is a Rembrandt. Help them figure out if it is a forgery</span></div>
673. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
674. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
675. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
676. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Outbreak</b>:  A pandemic has broken out; fix it</span></div>
677. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
678. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
679. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
680. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We build many more. They were all meant to entertain and to allow kids to learn by doing. They weren’t “taught.”</span></div>
681. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
682. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
683. <br />
684. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
685. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We couldn’t get schools to use them because “they didn’t fit into the curriculum.” The curriculum we written in 1892. What online learning could do is change the curriculum and allow kids to have fun learning. Sometimes I feel like I am the only one who cares about that.</span></div>
686. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/4668526430099042259/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=4668526430099042259' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/4668526430099042259'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/4668526430099042259'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/04/please-dont-ruin-online-learning.html' title='Please don&#39;t ruin online learning because teachers don&#39;t know how to do it'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-4126164530710756753</id><published>2020-03-29T10:38:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2020-03-29T10:38:49.130-04:00</updated><title type='text'>The virus is a big opportunity for education actually </title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
687. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Could we stop pretending that kids will be harmed by having to learn from home during the virus and school shutdowns? This is actually a big opportunity</span></div>
688. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
689. <span style="font-kerning: none;">if we relax our rigidity about education. All a teacher has to do is suggest that a kid produce something  (anything) and help them when needed and then provide some assessment of the quality of what they produce . We need to stop demanding that kids learn what some government, or university committee, or ETS, or OECD, has decided that they must learn and let them learn what they want to learn. Teachers need to stop “teaching”  and start helping kids achieve what they actually want to achieve. Teachers can encourage kids who want to learn the same thing to work together in teams. Imagine if school was fun and allowed you to learn what you’d always wanted to learn. How many would decide to learn the quadratic formula, or how to balance a chemical equation, or memorize a physics formula?  Who would decide that they needed to read Silas Marner? Letting kids decide what to read and what to learn how to do happens all the time outside of school mentored by parents (and friends). Teachers need to stop being the ultimate authority and instead learn to mentor just in time (online)  and stop pushing test preparation. Instead of online learning becoming a disaster due the school snot really understanding education, the virus could become the savior of education. Let’s make this school shut down into a good thing.</span></div>
690. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/4126164530710756753/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=4126164530710756753' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/4126164530710756753'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/4126164530710756753'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/03/the-virus-is-big-opportunity-for.html' title='The virus is a big opportunity for education actually '/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-4758673543513430665</id><published>2020-03-21T08:01:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2020-03-21T08:01:23.752-04:00</updated><title type='text'>So you want to put your course on line</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
691. <br /></div>
692. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
693. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
694. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
695. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In these days of “sheltering in place,” there is a mad rush to move education at all levels online. Unfortunately, nearly all of these efforts are reminiscent of the early days of movies in which moviemakers filmed plays; it was not until they began to recognize the unique characteristics of the medium that movies began to achieve their full potential. The same is true for online courses; until we get beyond trying to replicate the classroom online, the potential of online education will not be realized. So given that, how do you rethink a course in light of what is possible in an online experience?</span></div>
696. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
697. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
698. <ol>
699. <li style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="font-kerning: none;">think about the goals of your course</span></li>
700. </ol>
701. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
702. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
703. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
704. <span style="font-kerning: none;">This is a hard question. Teachers rarely ask themselves about the goals of a course. They have the idea that they need to teach what they want you to know, and they will tell you about it. But learning and knowing are different things. We learn every day — through experience — but many of the things we “know,” are decontextualized facts that school said were important to memorize. I know that Lincoln was the 16th president. Why do I need to know this? Only because school said so. The same is true about the quadratic formula, the formula for salt, and the War of 1812. To turn your classroom course into an engaging, effective online course, you must ask about the utility of what you teach. You can’t really teach students things they don’t want to learn, and you can’t teach them by telling them because learning by telling doesn’t really work.</span></div>
705. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
706. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
707. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
708. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
709. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
710. <span style="font-kerning: none;">2  ask what people should be able to do after they have taken your course</span></div>
711. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
712. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
713. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
714. <span style="font-kerning: none;">When you teach someone to play the piano, hearing them play something well is the ultimate goal. When you teach a kid to play soccer, one goal is scoring a goal. What about mathematics, for example, solving simultaneous equations? No one needs to solve them. No kid will learn to do this in an online course unless you force them to the threats of with tests and grades. Insisting on kids learning something might work in a classroom because they are a captive audience and have no choice, but it won’t work online when they’re working from home; they’ll get bored and turn on the TV.</span></div>
715. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
716. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
717. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
718. <span style="font-kerning: none;">3. figure out who the experts are</span></div>
719. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
720. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
721. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
722. <span style="font-kerning: none;">School has only one expert  — the teacher. But in the real-world, there are many. Letting students ask questions and having true experts answer is possible in good online education. You don’t know how to do that? It’s hard to do on your own. In our experience with corporate training, a company has experts who can be interviewed on video, telling stories from firsthand experience. The same thing can work for school, but you may have trouble finding and interviewing experts on your own. However, groups of people who want to teach the same things may be able to work together to find experts, interview them, and record their answers. These video answers can then be incorporated into a course where they can pop up in places where the corresponding questions are likely to arise.<br />
723. </span></div>
724. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
725. <span style="font-kerning: none;">4. ask what this course is really for</span></div>
726. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
727. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
728. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
729. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Is it to fulfill some sort of requirement imposed on students, or is it to learn something they are really interested in? Asking this question is not something teachers typically do. What do you think most students would say if you asked them if they want to learn geometry, or history, or creative writing? A good course should make it clear to students that they are going to learn something <i>they</i> really want to be able to do, and it should deliver on that promise by helping them to do it. The key words here are “want” and “help.” Forcing students to do something to fulfill a requirement which doesn’t interest them is unlikely to work online. Instead, a good course will make it clear to students that they will learn something they want to do and that they will receive the help they need to succeed. Such a course will “teach students to swim by throwing them into the water,” while making it clear that a mentor will always be there to stop them from “drowning.” For example, in our cybersecurity program we present students with compelling, realistic problems and ask them to solve them; they are provided with extensive learning resources keyed specifically to the things students are asked to do and knowledgeable mentors who are always available to provide help, advice, and feedback help them to succeed. These things — compelling, realistic problems, immediately relevant learning resources, and knowledgeable mentors — are key attributes of an effective, engaging, online course. </span></div>
730. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
731. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
732. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
733. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In summary, to build an effective online course, you must rethink what you have been doing in the classroom, paying more attention to what the student’s real goals are and giving them the support they will need to succeed.</span></div>
734. <br />
735. <div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
736. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
737. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/4758673543513430665/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=4758673543513430665' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/4758673543513430665'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/4758673543513430665'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/03/so-you-want-to-put-your-course-on-line.html' title='So you want to put your course on line'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-5586362999798456345</id><published>2020-01-23T08:34:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2020-01-23T08:34:19.489-05:00</updated><title type='text'>What is love? A challenge for AI (and for all of us)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;&quot;&gt;
738. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
739. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
740. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
741. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
742. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Do you love me?</span></div>
743. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
744. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
745. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
746. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It is a common enough question and we all know what it means. Or do we?</span></div>
747. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
748. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
749. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
750. <span style="font-kerning: none;">According to the media, AI is coming any day now, and machines will soon </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">rule us. But will those machines understand when someone asks this question of them? To see why this is difficult, ask yourself what it means to love someone. If you asked ten people this question you would get ten different answers.</span></div>
751. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
752. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
753. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
754. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I asked Google: “what is love?”  Here are some of its answers:</span></div>
755. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
756. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
757. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
758. <span style="font-kerning: none;">a feeling of strong or constant affection for a person.</span></div>
759. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
760. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
761. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
762. <span style="font-kerning: none;">attraction that includes sexual desire: the strong affection felt by people who have a romantic relationship.</span></div>
763. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
764. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
765. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
766. <span style="font-kerning: none;">a person you love in a romantic way.</span></div>
767. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
768. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
769. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
770. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Google shows many other questions you can ask and that it will answer. For example:</span></div>
771. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
772. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
773. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
774. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What are the signs of true love in a relationship?</span></div>
775. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;">
776. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
777. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
778. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Give and take in love. ...</span></div>
779. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
780. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Pure happiness. ...</span></div>
781. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
782. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">Pai</span><span style="font-kerning: none;">n and anger. ...</span></div>
783. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
784. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You make sacrifices for their happiness or wellbeing even if they may not realize it.</span></div>
785. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 15px;">
786. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
787. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
788. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The right effort. ...</span></div>
789. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
790. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You can't hurt them. ...</span></div>
791. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
792. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You keep your promises. ...</span></div>
793. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
794. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">When you truly love your partner, you </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">see them as part of your life and your future.</span></div>
795. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;">
796. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
797. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
798. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Below are a few ways you can identify true love.</span></div>
799. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;">
800. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
801. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
802. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You forgive your person: Although your person's actions upset you, you always find it in your heart to forgive them. ...</span></div>
803. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
804. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You understand your person. ...</span></div>
805. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
806. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You accept your person. ...</span></div>
807. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
808. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You tell your person when they are wrong. ...</span></div>
809. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
810. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You want to see your person happy.</span></div>
811. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
812. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
813. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
814. <span style="font-kerning: none;">My career was in Natural Language Processing which is only one part of AI. I spent my life trying to figure out ways that computers could understand sentences and interact with people in English. Asking people what words meant didn't help us. People can come up with answers easily enough but they are just words. </span></div>
815. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
816. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
817. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
818. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What is love? It is a feeling. It is hard to define but people don’t need to define it. We know what we are feeling most of the time. If we don’t feel anything we will not understand the simplest or words, like hunger, anger, or ambition. Unless we are trying to get a computer to be smart we don’t have to define words. But, real AI  (which these days is referred to as “AGI” so the people who do AI can pretend they are doing AI) depends on explanations of what words mean (which are based on experiences has had.)</span></div>
819. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
820. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
821. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
822. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We are very far from being able to do that. Perhaps it is time to stop making everyone afraid of AI or having endless  meetings about the ethics of AI.</span></div>
823. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
824. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
825. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
826. <span style="font-kerning: none;">There is no AI and there won’t be any any time soon. Counting words or choosing between moves in GO or spitting out sentences that a person wrote, does not count. </span></div>
827. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
828. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
829. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
830. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here is Google again. </span></div>
831. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
832. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
833. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
834. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Below are a few ways you can identify true love.</span></div>
835. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
836. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
837. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
838. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You forgive your person: Although your person's actions upset you, you always find it in your heart to forgive them. ...</span></div>
839. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
840. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You understand your person. ...</span></div>
841. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
842. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You accept your person. ...</span></div>
843. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
844. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You tell your person when they are wrong. …</span></div>
845. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
846. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You want to see your person happy.</span></div>
847. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;">
848. <br /></div>
849. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;">
850. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
851. <br />
852. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
853. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Let me know when a computer can do any of that.</span></div>
854. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/5586362999798456345/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=5586362999798456345' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5586362999798456345'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5586362999798456345'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2020/01/what-is-love-challenge-for-ai-and-for.html' title='What is love? A challenge for AI (and for all of us)'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-183561631792478661</id><published>2019-12-11T10:37:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2019-12-11T10:37:42.912-05:00</updated><title type='text'>In honor of Greta Thunberg: autism re-considered</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;Body&quot; style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;
855. <br /></div>
856. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
857. <br /></div>
858. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
859. <br /></div>
860. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
861. <br /></div>
862. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
863. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">It’s weird not to be weird. ~ <i>John Lennon</i></span><i><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
864. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
865. <br /></div>
866. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
867. <br /></div>
868. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
869. <i><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p>(co-authored By Andrea Crouch) </o:p></span></i></div>
870. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
871. <br /></div>
872. <div align="center" class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
873. <br /></div>
874. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
875. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">No one thinks they are normal. That’s because there is no normal. And who would want to be normal anyway? Normal would be boring. As a kid you may think you are normal and think that people who are not like you or don’t do the things you do are weird. But then you realize that the people you thought were weird think YOU are weird because you don’t like the things they like or do the things they do. As an adult you finally realize there is no normal and that everyone is weird in their own way.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
876. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
877. <br /></div>
878. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
879. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">The thing about being weird is that, no matter what way in which you think you are weird because of that one thing you do or like or collect, there are plenty of other people who are weird in the same way. And some of them possibly even get together to do their weird thing as a group. Like to collect and talk about buttons? There are button clubs all over. Really. Like to reenact Civil War battles? Groups everywhere do this with great showmanship. You like Poodles? So do lots of other people. They have web pages and conventions.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
880. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
881. <br /></div>
882. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
883. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">And what’s interesting - or even weird - about being weird, is that what is considered weird changes. Remember when people who liked tech were weird? Remember when kids who sat inside and played on computers all day were weird and kids who played outside were normal? Now tech and computers are normal and if you don’t like them and want to actually go outside and play, you are the weird one. Plus there is no one outside for you to play with because all of the other kids are inside on computers.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
884. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
885. <br /></div>
886. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
887. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Instead of embracing the weirdness among us and building upon it, schools and parents now want a diagnosis for kids they think are weird in a way they don’t understand. If a kid is weird, they are labeled as being Autistic or having Asperger’s, as if that explains why they are weird. No, they are just weird, meaning they are different from you, and possibly so different that you can’t understand them at all. What this really is, is an effort to try to get everyone to be the same. </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
888. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
889. <br /></div>
890. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
891. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">In school, we discover that weird is different and possibly even bad, and might lead to ridicule, so most kids try to blend in by not being weird. The system does its best to eliminate the weirdness and tries to make everyone the same, so they will all sit still and be good kids and not cause problems for the teacher. Some kids can easily sit still all day, be good, and do what they are told, because that is their personality, which seems pretty weird to me. But other kids think that doing those things is impossible, because it’s not their personality and not the way in which they are weird. I find people who can sit still all day, raise their hand calmly, and do what they are told, weird. But that’s just me.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
892. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
893. <br /></div>
894. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
895. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Most kids spend their entire school years trying to fit into a mold that doesn’t exist because there is no normal. They just don’t want to be called weird because it’s the kiss of death, but in fact it’s what they should strive for. But at the same time that they are working to be uniform in school all day, their parents are telling them to be themselves and “always be you.” So what are these kids to do?</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
896. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
897. <br /></div>
898. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
899. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">What’s even worse than labeling kids as weird and trying to get them to blend into a non-existing mold is drugging them. We give a drug to make them sit still, and another drug for the side effects of the sitting still drug. Then a third drug for the side effects of the second drug until the kid is a zombie or worse off than they were before the drugs. Doctors are prescribing drugs for each individual symptom; one to focus, one for depression, one for anxiety, one for sleep, and so on. Is anyone even bothering to ask the kid why they can’t focus? Whey they have anxiety or depression? Could it be that they are bored in school? Could it be that they are not allowed to do the kinds of things they like to do because school is making them do things that don’t interest them? Could it be that they want to shout out the answers in class but are not allowed to, so now they feel weird? No, of course not.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
900. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
901. <br /></div>
902. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
903. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">I’m appalled at how many kids are drugged today, many of them because they can’t sit still all day in a classroom that bores them. Instead of finding ways to engage each student in a way that works for them, we tell them they are weird and drug them into submission. Who can sit still in a classroom all day? There are kids who have the personality to do that. But what about the kids who like to shout out answers and argue with the teacher? There’s nothing wrong with them, they just don’t fit the mold. Not following what is considered standard doesn’t make you bad and shouldn’t be a trait that needs to be drugged out of you.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
904. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
905. <br /></div>
906. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
907. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">We do all this drugging and homogenizing in an effort to control children, but by doing this, what are we losing? What innovations are we drugging out of today’s kids? We need to stop focusing on the wrong thing. We need to stop drugging and excluding kids who are different, and instead use their unique interests as a way to get them excited about learning.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
908. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
909. <br /></div>
910. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
911. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Weird is not a condition; it’s just what makes up your personality. When someone is weird we now say “oh, they’re on the spectrum” when in fact it’s just the way in which they are weird. Personality is a spectrum and we’re all on it. Weird isn’t bad and we need to stop thinking it is. The fact is, we are all weird in our own way. And that’s good. Weirdness is needed for innovation and diversity. Imagine where the world would be if everyone were all the same; we’d have no out-of-the box thinking, no creativity, no art, no challenging the status quo, no growth. </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
912. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
913. <br /></div>
914. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
915. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">We see stories of weird adults in the news every day, but if the person is rich or famous we give them a pass. Instead of calling them weird or crazy we just call them eccentric, curious, or quirky. Why don’t we do this to kids? </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
916. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
917. <br /></div>
918. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
919. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Look at reclusive heiress Huguette Clark. She owned numerous mansions around the country, and had the homes and their grounds meticulously maintained by staff for years in spite of the fact she never lived in any of them. Caretakers of her properties hadn’t seen her in decades. Sounds weird and like a huge waste of money to me. But since she’s rich and enigmatic, she gets a pass.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
920. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
921. <br /></div>
922. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
923. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Or Howard Hughes, the billionaire aviator who spent most of his life trying to avoid germs. So much so that he wore tissue boxes on his feet to protect them and burned his clothing if someone near him became ill. <span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Later in life, he lay naked in bed in darkened hotel rooms in what he considered a germ-free zone. Again, he was rich and famous so he’s called eccentric or arty, and people made movies about him. If a child did these things today we’d drug them.</span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
924. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
925. <br /></div>
926. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
927. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Some of the greatest innovators or artists we’ve ever seen are - or were - weird, and many are long speculated to have been on the Autism Spectrum though never diagnosed. They had weird interests, didn’t fit in with the other kids, didn’t like other kids, were fixated on things others didn’t understand, were bored in school, acted strange, and some even had delayed speech. If they were kids today I wonder how many of them would have been drugged and labeled for their weirdness. Let’s look at a few.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
928. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
929. <br /></div>
930. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
931. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Elon Musk, innovator and entrepreneur</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
932. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
933. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">As a child Musk often drifted off into a trance and didn’t respond when people spoke to him. It was so frequent his parents thought he had a hearing problem so they had his adenoids removed to improve his hearing, but nothing changed. His mother said he would go into his brain, and you’d see that he was in another world. Kids teased him about this and also bullied him about his name. Around age six he started being able to block out the world and dedicate all of his concentration to a single task.<b></b>He read compulsively from a young age, sometimes 10 hours a day, and memorized the encyclopedia. When he got his first computer at age 10 he stayed up for 3 days and did the entire lesson book, which was supposed to take 6 months. </span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
934. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
935. <br /></div>
936. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
937. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">At age 12 he wrote code for a computer game that was published in a trade publication. The game wasn’t the best game ever, but it far exceeded what most other 12-year-olds could create. As a teen he had a full existential crisis at which time he arrived on his mission statement of “The only thing that makes sense to do is strive for greater collective enlightenment.” </span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
938. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3.9pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
939. <br /></div>
940. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3.9pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
941. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Musk did pretty well for himself, I’d say. Sure, he’s weird as an adult and some say he’s intense with reported 100 work weeks and rumors of treating employees poorly, but it’s ok because he’s rich and famous and can be charismatic, gives money to charity and is trying to create cool new stuff that could make our lives easier and save the planet. His parents were so worried about his weirdness that they had surgery performed on him! Imagine what those same parents would have done today. If a kid today went off into trancelike states, no doubt his parents would take him from doctor to doctor until he got labeled and was given some pills to make him normal and responded to adults who spoke to him. Some parents might even think their child needed an exorcism. Did anyone ever ask Musk <i>why</i>he ignored people who spoke to him or what drove him to think so intently? Or why he didn’t like other kids? Probably not. </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
942. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
943. <br /></div>
944. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
945. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Bill Gates, Microsoft Founder</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
946. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
947. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">As a kid Gates was always in his room reading or thinking, and he had the ability to retain almost everything he read. He was so interested in reading that his parents let him buy all the books he wanted. He even read the encyclopedia from front to back. He had access to a school computer at age 12 and was better at using it than the teachers were. Around the same time he became very strong willed and started always wanting to be in charge and make the decisions. In high school he became so difficult that his parents allowed him to take time away from school and work. In his senior year of high school he worked full time as a programmer. He became addicted to programming and was obsessed with writing software.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
948. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
949. <br /></div>
950. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
951. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Reading the encyclopedia from front to back is weird. But again, it’s Bill Gates so it’s ok because we see that behavior through the lens of the intelligent and successful man he became and all the charity work he does around the world. But if a kid today stayed in their room for hours reading, their parents might start to worry and start banging on the door demanding the child come out. And when that kid becomes an unruly teen, a lot of parents today may turn toward drugs or some kind of therapy to help them be able deal with the child’s headstrong nature. </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
952. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
953. <br /></div>
954. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
955. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Steve Jobs, founder of Apple</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
956. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
957. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Jobs liked to keep to himself as a child. He realized at a young age that he was smarter than his parents, and they knew it also. His mom taught him how to read before he went to elementary school so for the first few years of school he was bored and got into trouble. He said school came close to beating the curiosity out of him and he was sent home many times for disrupting. His father told the school that if they couldn’t keep him interested, it was their fault. In 4<sup>th</sup>grade he tested at a sophomore level and it was suggested he skip 2 grades but his parents only let him skip one. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
958. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
959. <br /></div>
960. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
961. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">In middle school Jobs was often bullied. In high school he overcame boredom by playing pranks. As he matured he<b></b>developed compulsive dieting habits, such as only eating fruits and vegetables.<b></b>He also learned to stare at people without blinking.<b></b>While in college he got bored so he dropped out, not because he wasn’t interested in learning, but because he wanted stop paying tuition and taking classes he thought were stupid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
962. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
963. <br /></div>
964. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
965. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Job’s father Paul worked on electronics in the family garage and taught Jobs how to take things apart and put them back together.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Jobs also had a neighbor who worked for Hewlett-Packard and liked to tinker with electronics in his garage, and Jobs spent many hours learning from him. Many speculate that being allowed to take apart and work on electronics with his dad and his neighbor led Jobs to develop his interest in computers and developing products.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
966. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
967. <br /></div>
968. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
969. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">No doubt that Steve Jobs was weird as an adult. He wore the same clothes every day and ate a very strict vegan diet. And it’s pretty clear he was weird as a kid, after all it’s not very common for parents to acknowledge that their kid is smarter than them.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
970. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
971. <br /></div>
972. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
973. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">If Jobs were a child today and was disruptive in class and sent home multiple times for acting out, he’d most certainly be drugged and reprimanded and put in a special program to help him learn to behave and act “normal.” And no doubt he’d be labeled as something terrible. For Jobs – and possibly many other kids– his “bad behavior” stemmed from a mix of boredom and high intelligence. The way in which he was weird went against the grain of what was “normal” but innovation that changed the world was the result of it. Plus if he were a kid today his parents would probably call the police about the man spending so much time alone in a garage with their son. Sure it was a different time them, but Jobs’ parents knew that tinkering with electronics – and eventually digital chips – was what he enjoyed so they gave him the freedom to do it. Did they know he’d eventually develop the iPad and iPhone and MacBook that millions of people around the world would use every day? Doubt it. But they probably didn’t care because their son was doing something he enjoyed and they were happy to see him happy. </span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
974. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
975. <br /></div>
976. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 32.95pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
977. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
978. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 32.95pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
979. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Zuckerberg started with computers at a young age. He created computer games while in middle school and at age 12 programmed the computers in his father’s dental office and the computers in their home to send messages to back and forth. He called it ZuckNet. In high school he created Synapse, software that monitored the songs you’d play on your computer then make a playlist for you based on what you liked. Microsoft and others offered Zuckerberg a job while still in high school, but he went to college instead.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
980. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 32.95pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
981. <br /></div>
982. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
983. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Zuckerberg’s kind of weird has become mainstream today: kids spending countless hours creating things on computers. But not that long ago this kind of obsession was odd. Normal kids were playing with other kids in their neighborhood or watching TV, and the weird kids were on computers playing games and writing programs. But again, now that we know he is successful and rich and giving a lot of his money to charity, we accept his weird as normal. (Well, maybe not. I doubt anyone thinks Zuckerberg is normal.) But, why aren’t we giving kids today a chance for their weird to become something great? Zuckerberg began creating software programs as a kid and that started him down a path that eventually led to Facebook, which – like it or not – changed the world by presenting a new way for people to connect and share with each other. </span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
984. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
985. <br /></div>
986. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
987. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Nikola Tesla, inventor of the AC electrical current</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
988. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
989. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Tesla had a very vivid imagination as a child. After his brother died in a horseback riding accident, he began having nightmares and out-of-body experiences. His experiences were so strong he often had to have his sister confirm what was real and what was just a manifestation. At age 12 he developed peculiarities such as an aversion against earrings while at the same time being pleased by bracelets. The site of a pearl would give him a fit. He wouldn’t touch anyone’s hair and got a fever when looking at a peach.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
990. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
991. <br /></div>
992. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
993. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Tesla’s interest in electrical inventions was<span>  </span>inspired by his mother, who designed small household appliances to aid in her household chores. Perhaps seeing his mother take improving her life into her own hands is what inspired him to tackle redesigning generators.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
994. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
995. <br /></div>
996. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
997. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Can you see weirdness here? Likes one kind of jewelry but not another? Gets a fever from looking at fruit? Can’t tell reality from a dream? These are all things that would today be thought of as symptoms of autism or possibly even mental illness. Yet, Tesla went on to be one the greatest innovators of all time, creating the AC electrical system used across the world today. Today’s Tesla would probably be on multiple medications or be institutionalized.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
998. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
999. <br /></div>
1000. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 25.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1001. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Daryl Hannah</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1002. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 25.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1003. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">As a child, she rocked herself to self-soothe, and was so shy that once she began acting she refused to give interviews or even attend her own premieres. As a young child, Hannah was emotionally isolated and struggled in school, and was very shy. She was subsequently diagnosed with autism, and medical professionals urged her parents to have her institutionalized. Instead, her mother decided to relocate with Hannah temporarily to Jamaica, in hopes that the change in environment would help her daughter.<span> </span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1004. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 25.15pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1005. <br /></div>
1006. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1007. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">She is not a great innovator, but Hannah is a well-known actress who has publicly admitted being diagnosed with autism. So being shy, struggling in school, and being emotionally isolated is now something that requires a diagnosis? Why is being shy a bad thing? Maybe she struggled in school because she was bored. Maybe she was emotionally isolated because that is just her personality. People can be annoying so there is nothing wrong with not wanting to be around most of them. Why do these traits need a label?</span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1008. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1009. <br /></div>
1010. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.05pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1011. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Albert Einstein, theoretical physicist</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1012. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.05pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1013. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">He was a delayed talker, only speaking a few words by age two.<b></b>His difficultly with language led his parents to think he would never be able to learn.<b></b>He thought his slowed verbal development allowed him to observe things most others took for granted. This allowed him to think deeply into problems ordinary children wouldn’t.<b></b>He developed a quirk that prompted his family to dub him “the dopey on” and other family members called him backwards.<b></b>When we wanted to say something, he would first whisper it to himself softly until it sounded good enough to be said out loud. He was rebellious toward authority, and one school master kicked him out of school, saying he’d never amount to much. As a child, he avoided boisterous games with children his own age and instead occupied himself with quieter things. He was prone to temper tantrums. Despite being Jewish he went to a Catholic grade school and was bullied. In high school instead of spending time with friends, he would sit alone for days on end, , immersed in the search for a solution, not giving up until he found it.</span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1014. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.05pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1015. <br /></div>
1016. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1017. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Einstein’s delayed speech and ability to think deeply led his family to call him dopey and deduce he would never learn. Many kids today who are given an ASD diagnosis have delayed speech and have families who wonder if and how they will learn, and many are fed drugs to help them. Einstein also didn’t behave in school and didn’t like other kids his age. Today he’d probably be given one drug to sit still and another drug to counteract the side effects from the first one. And he’d be forced to play with other kids his age to be “socialized” and probably given yet another drug to offset the anxiety of playing with annoying kids. Had that all happened, what would the world have missed out on? Dr. Temple Grandin, who is a renowned professor of animal science and also identifies as being on the autism spectrum, has said the Albert Einstein of today would be diagnosed and drugged.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1018. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1019. <br /></div>
1020. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.05pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1021. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Isaac Newton, physicist</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1022. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.05pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1023. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">His father died before he was born and when his mother remarried the agreement stated that Newton could not live with his mother and her new husband. His grandmother moved to the family farm to take care of him. He was always looking for answers to questions.<b></b>At a young age he began making sundials and wrote notes on how the sun and moon moved through the signs of the zodiac. His mother’s new husband died a few years later and she came back to the farm, but when Isaac was 12 she shipped him off to school.<b></b>He was much older than most of the other entering students.<b></b>He began in the back of the class but worked his way to the front by doing better than the other kids.<b></b>He began to spend countless hours thinking about how objects behaved when they were hurled through space. He would ponder the notion of comets and planets, and wonder about the forces that governed them.<b></b>While in school he lived in the attic above an apothecary workshop and was mostly alone and not included in the family of the apothecary owner.<b></b>Living above the apothecary led him to wonder about how one substance could be transformed into another.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1024. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 29.05pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1025. <br /></div>
1026. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 1pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1027. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Newton was pretty much left to his own devices and, instead of getting into trouble as many young men do, he spent hours thinking about objects hurling through space. Keep in mind this is the 1600s and I’m pretty sure no one else had a thought like that. How many people even understood space or even gave it a thought. He was probably viewed as an isolated loner and maybe even weird, yet he ended up being a key figure in the scientific revolution. So why is being a misanthropic loner so bad? </span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1028. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1029. <br /></div>
1030. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 27.35pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1031. <b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Andy Warhol, artist</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1032. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 27.35pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1033. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Warhol like to talk so he used a lot of lists and repetitions. He didn’t want to go to school and instead wanted to stay home with his mother. In preschool a girl hit him one day and he was so traumatized he didn’t go back to school for a year. When he eventually returned to school he then got an illness that kept him out of school for months. He had uncontrolled shaking possibly due to contracting chorea. He only made friends with girls. Because of the chorea his sense of touch was altered, so he preferred not to be touched and as an adult would recoil when people attempted to hug him or shake his hand. He was 13 when his father died and during the 3 days where his father was laid out in the home, he refused to pay his respect and even hid under the bed. He failed out of his first year at Carnegie Tech not because he couldn’t master the work, but because he wouldn’t write anything down. </span><b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
1034. <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3.9pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1035. <br /></div>
1036. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1037. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">I don’t think anyone would say Andy Warhol wasn’t weird. He looked weird, acted weird, dressed weird. But that was who he was, and again, we see with 20/20 hindsight that all his childhood quirks and oddities led him to be the pop culture icon he became. Sure he was eccentric and a “tortured artist” but he did pretty well for himself and brought a lot of joy to millions of people through art. Is it really that bad that he didn’t like to be touched or didn’t want to write things down or didn’t like school? That’s just the way in which he was weird. A lot of people don’t like to be touched, especially by people they don’t know. And don’t get me started on the “hating school” thing. If school were so great, kids wouldn’t squeal with delight when they got a snow day and got to stay home. </span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1038. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1039. <br /></div>
1040. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1041. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">The bottom line here is that all these people who were/are each weird in their own way ended up being ok. They found success, family, friends, and, in many cases, fortune. No one drugged them for being strange or tried to get them to fit into a mold. Instead they were all free to follow the things that made them weird and see where it led them. (Granted we don’t know if some of their parents sought treatments.) If anything, their parents leaned into their unique attributes and encouraged them.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1042. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1043. <br /></div>
1044. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1045. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Gates’s parents spent untold dollars on books for him because he liked to read. They didn’t tell him to put down the book and go play basketball with the neighbor kids. They even let him to go work while in high school instead of forcing him to stay in school where he was probably bored. They gave him the freedom to do the things he liked to do – which was read and program computers – instead of forcing him to do the things they wanted him to do or thought he <i>should</i>do. They encouraged him, <span> </span>listened to him, and recognized where he had passion and interest and let him pursue those things. They knew he had a headstrong nature so they let him be him instead of trying to fight him. And they didn't try to drug his strong will out of him, either. They just went with it and that strong will combined with his interest in computers got Gates to where he is today.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
1046. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1047. <br /></div>
1048. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1049. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Jobs’ parents knew their son was brilliant and told the school to engage him more instead of sending him home to be punished for his disruptions. Jobs’ parents supported him so much they moved to a different city when Jobs said he would no longer go to school because of how much he was bullied. And his father encouraged him to fiddle with electronics and teach himself things, even though computers and electronics were not common interests at the time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
1050. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1051. <br /></div>
1052. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1053. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Warhol’s mom let him stay home from school and work artistic things, maybe because she was an artist herself. Maybe she saw that he thrived better when left alone. Today he’d been put into a social skills group and probably be drugged so he could be forced to attend school every day. Warhol wanted to avoid the world, so his mom let him. Is that so bad? Lots of people like to avoid the world and stay home, which is why Amazon sells <i>everything</i>, multiple food delivery services exist, we have cyber schools, and a large number of professionals now work remotely part-or full-time. Should we all be drugged for preferring to shop online and stay home to watch movies instead of going to a crowded theater?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
1054. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1055. <br /></div>
1056. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1057. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Einstein’s parents let him sit and think for hours on end without forcing him into 19<sup>th</sup>Century play date equivalents, and this is in spite of the fact that he was a late talker, his family thought he may not be able to learn, and a school master thought he’d never amount to anything. It’s possible they didn’t know what to do with him back then so they ignored him. But hey, it worked. He was left to be what he was and he flourished with his gifts and interests. He found his own way. If he were a child today, who knows what he would – or would not – achieve.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
1058. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1059. <br /></div>
1060. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1061. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Zuckerberg’s parents let him create computer programs and even used his ZuckNet to connect their home and business, which displayed great trust in his abilities even though he was only a child when he developed it. Without that support – and we can only assume help and encouragement – would he have kept at it? Would he have keep seeing a need and creating a product to fill it? Who knows.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1062. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1063. <br /></div>
1064. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1065. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">So why can’t we do this today? Why can’t we let kids be who they are? We see from the examples here what is possible when weirdness is allowed to percolate and unique personalities are buoyed. And while these may be exceptional examples, every weird kid out there is capable of something. We may not even be able to comprehend the innovation that is now an idea in a kid’s brain that could someday revolutionize the world. It happens. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
1066. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1067. <br /></div>
1068. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1069. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">Kids all show us from early on who they are and what they like and dislike. They show us how they learn and how to teach them. Our job as adults, teachers, parents, and friends is to provide experiences and exposures so they can keep trying new things to see where their true interest is and how it might be applied to a career and/or a hobby. Then when we see that, we can guide them toward more of those things. As we’ve already talked about, this is what parents regularly do outside of school: your kid likes trains so you buy them trains, watch train movies, learn train lingo, and take them to ride on trains. And if they want more, you provide more, even if it seems weird or crazy or obsessive to other people. You see how happy and engaged your child is, so you keep at it. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
1070. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1071. <br /></div>
1072. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1073. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">On the flip side, if you have a second child who hates trains and you take them to all these train activities they are going to act out and make your life miserable because trains don’t speak to them and they are showing you just that. Where many people fail in this situation is not asking the first child <i>why</i>they like trains so much to dig deeper and possibly wider into their interest. Also, people fail to ask the second child why they <i>don’t</i>like trains and what they might like instead to uncover the things that speak to that child, the things that make them weird. Often people will just assume the second child is just a brat and likes to complain. Then if the child complains too much, their parents seek out drugs for them.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
1074. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1075. <br /></div>
1076. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1077. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">So why can’t we find a learning path that speaks to the weird in each kid and engages with them in the individual way they need? Let’s take the uniqueness each child is presenting to the world from day one and develop it, instead of drugging it out of them. Let’s make more of an effort to understand personality and realize that personality is a spectrum that should be allowed to flourish in any and every way. Let’s see how their weirdness could develop into greatness, or at the very least a normal for them. Maybe a normal for them isn’t at all what is considered normal for the masses, but that’s ok. Everyone’s “normal” is different. Maybe a normal for them is staring at a computer screen for 36 straight hours looking for cyberattacks or maybe their normal is working part time at a store. Or many their normal not being able to work at all. That’s ok, too. The point is that there is a place and a job for everyone, no matter what their skill level or type of weirdness. We just need a better way to help each child get to their place and feel accepted, appreciated, and valued for who they are, no matter how weird others may think they are.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1078. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1079. <br /></div>
1080. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1081. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">I’m tired of the categories and tired of the labels. We are brainwashed about school. We have all been taught that we all need to fit into the traditional school mold yet is seems each year there are more and more kids who don’t fit that ideal. The problem is that teachers don’t know what to do with these kids or how to start making the changes needed to have education fit<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a>student needs instead of having students fit into the education model. School officials also lack the resources and gumption to initiate such sweeping changes.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
1082. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1083. <br /></div>
1084. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1085. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">We need to create a way to learn that suits all personality types, allowing kids to exploit their differences by pursuing their own interests and helping them see how their interests can map to careers and jobs and fulfilling lives. Those whose weird is too far outside of the norm, don’t need to be made to feel crazy or diagnosed with something because they don’t fit in. “Fitting in” isn’t a valid concept because there is no normal in which to fit. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
1086. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1087. <br /></div>
1088. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1089. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;">The interests of kids who are being diagnosed as being on the autism spectrum are not being developed, which is a shame because we have no idea what kind of greatness they are capable of. We should use their fixation and their weirdness to motivate them and find an education plan that works for them. Then we’d have kids demand to learn more instead of dreading going to school day in and day out. And we’d have young people with actual skills and passion who are employable in lots of existing jobs or can create their own jobs – and possibly whole new industries - using their weirdness and skills. <span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">We need to find a way to start letting all the weird shine instead of trying to make people conform to a non-existent idea of normal. Think about what we might miss out on if we don’t.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
1090. <div class="Body" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: none; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">
1091. <span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt;"><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><br /></span></span></div>
1092. <div class="Body" style="border: none; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;">
1093. <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-decoration: none; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 29.33333396911621px;">They tried to </span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 29.33333396911621px;">squash Greta, but failed.</span></span></div>
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1095. <br /></div>
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1186. <div class="Body" style="font-size: medium;">
1187. <br /></div>
1188. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/183561631792478661/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=183561631792478661' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/183561631792478661'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/183561631792478661'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2019/12/in-honor-of-greta-thunberg-autism-re.html' title='In honor of Greta Thunberg: autism re-considered'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-1632847969633540644</id><published>2019-09-24T10:46:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2019-09-24T10:46:13.970-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Autistic Girl Gives Speech at U.N.</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;
1189. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
1190. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1191. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1192. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1193. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A Swedish girl who made a speech at the U.N. yesterday has been diagnosed with autism and Asperger’s syndrome. If this was my kid, I would be really proud of her. (It seems her parents <i>are</i> proud of her.) But the system is not. Why? Because she has “I won’t sit down, shut up,  and do what I am told” syndrome. I will refer to this as WSDSU syndrome.) </span></div>
1194. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1195. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1196. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1197. <span style="font-kerning: none;">When you exhibit any signs of WSDSU you are branded as ADHD or some other nonsense label that permits people to drug you. I have been concerned by these labels lately because I have an “autistic” grandson who should have been diagnosed with RAS (really annoying syndrome) but is being drugged instead. He won’t do what he is told, so special education and drugs for him please.</span></div>
1198. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1199. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1200. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1201. <span style="font-kerning: none;">My company has been working on teaching cybersecurity lately. When you work with cybersecurity people you can’t help but notice how weird they all are. When you ask them about there childhood, you find that were all diagnosed as autistic, ADHD, dyslexic and who knows what other nonsense and sent to special education.</span></div>
1202. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1203. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1204. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1205. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Special education has one purpose: to get all the WDSU kids out of the regular classes so they won’t annoy the teacher and all the other kids who all have WPATA syndrome (will pay attention to anything syndrome.)</span></div>
1206. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1207. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1208. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1209. <span style="font-kerning: none;">My contempt for all this nonsense was reinforced the other day my someone I have been hanging out with lately in Montreal. I asked him to write down one story he told me the other day. He put it in a blogpost about 10 minutes after I asked him to write the story down. You can find what he wrote here: </span></div>
1210. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1211. <br /></div>
1212. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1213. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://lemire.me/blog/2019/09/20/my-kindergarten-story/">https://lemire.me/blog/2019/09/20/my-kindergarten-story/</a></span></div>
1214. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1215. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1216. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1217. <span style="font-kerning: none;">He told me that he failed kindergarten. Why? Because he</span></div>
1218. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1219. <span style="font-kerning: none;">could not tie his shoe laces. He also could remember his phone number. He also could not count up to 10. </span></div>
1220. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1221. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So he was put in a class for students with learning disabilities. He never learned the multiplication tables in school.  He said he had a difficult relationship with teachers because he wouldn’t do what they wanted.  </span></div>
1222. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
1223. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1224. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1225. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Despite all the terrible things he managed to get a PhD in computer science and is now a full professor.</span></div>
1226. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
1227. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1228. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1229. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You can succeed if you have WSDSU. My grandson will be just fine. On the other hand, having WPATA might well harm you because you will believe anyone in authority who says anything.</span></div>
1230. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
1231. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1232. <br />
1233. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(34, 49, 63); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #22313f; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1234. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Perhaps it is time to stop telling every kid how to act. I realize that 30 kids in a classroom who are doing whatever they want to do would be difficult for teachers to manage. The obvious conclusion in the era of the internet would be to eliminate classrooms. But we can’t do that because…. I forget why. (I have CRS syndrome.)</span></div>
1235. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/1632847969633540644/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=1632847969633540644' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1632847969633540644'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1632847969633540644'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2019/09/autistic-girl-gives-speech-at-un.html' title='Autistic Girl Gives Speech at U.N.'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-5661776514550439603</id><published>2019-07-10T09:21:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2019-07-10T09:21:22.890-04:00</updated><title type='text'>What kind of kid were you?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 25px; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
1236. <br /></div>
1237. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 25px; text-align: center;">
1238. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
1239. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 25px; text-align: center;">
1240. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
1241. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1242. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Lately I have been working on trying to determine how we can make education exciting to kids. One way would to treat each kid differently according to whom they are and what interests them. Bill Gates wants a “common core.” I want an individualized set of options. This can be done in with computers quite easily (but it will cost a lot of money to build it all)</span></div>
1243. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1244. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1245. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1246. <span style="font-kerning: none;">At the end of this article, I will list the kinds of kid that we have determined exist. It is just a first stab at this and far from complete. But, first a personal story:</span></div>
1247. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1248. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1249. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1250. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I remember the kids being asked, when I was in kindergarten, if they wanted to sing a song to the class. I volunteered. My father loved to sing and we travelled a lot. We always sang in the car. The songs were ones he liked, frequently ones he had sung in the Army in World War II. So, I picked one of my favorites, and sang:</span></div>
1251. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1252. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1253. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1254. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>a boy stood on a burning deck, </i></span></div>
1255. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1256. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>his feet were full of blisters</i></span></div>
1257. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1258. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>he tore his pants on a rusty nail </i></span></div>
1259. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1260. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>and now he wears his sister’s</i></span></div>
1261. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1262. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1263. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1264. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>oh, it ain’t gonna rain no more no more, </i></span></div>
1265. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1266. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>it ain’t gonna rain no more,</i></span></div>
1267. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1268. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>so how in the heck can I wash my neck if it ain’t gonna rain no more?</i></span></div>
1269. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1270. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1271. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1272. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>A skinny old lady once took a bath,</i></span></div>
1273. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1274. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>she never told a soul,</i></span></div>
1275. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1276. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>she forgot to put the stopper in,</i></span></div>
1277. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1278. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>and she fell right through the hole</i></span></div>
1279. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1280. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1281. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1282. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>oh, it ain’t gonna rain no more no more…</i></span></div>
1283. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1284. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1285. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1286. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The teacher was very angry at me, but I never knew why. Because I said “ain’t”?  Because there were naked people being mentioned? I didn’t know and don’t know.</span></div>
1287. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1288. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1289. <div style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1290. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue; font-size: medium;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">Why I am telling you this? Because I was a natural </span></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue; font-size: medium;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;"><b>performer </b>(as was my </span>father)<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-weight: bold;">  </span></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue; font-size: medium;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: initial;">I was, in effect telling school about the kind of kid I was. Of course, no one cared.</span></span></span></div>
1291. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1292. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1293. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1294. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Later that year, the boys were asked to play by themselves for a while for some reason. I immediately organized a block building crew and a bunch of us built a city. This was a portent of my life to come. I still run a block building crew, only now they are building software for education.</span></div>
1295. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1296. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1297. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1298. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In edition to being a performer, I was also an <b>organizer.</b> And of course I am still both of those.</span></div>
1299. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1300. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1301. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1302. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I was telling the school how to deal with me, but no one was listening. This same story plays out in schools every day. Watch and listen, and kids will tell you who they are. But the school has no ability to adapt to them. Of course the geniuses in Modern AI will tell you they build “adaptive learning” which means if you are bad at algebra they will slow it down for you.</span></div>
1303. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1304. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1305. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1306. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here is my first attempt to determining what kinds of kids there are, based on what they like to do when they are little and work we have been doing to determine which kids grow up into which kinds of adults:</span></div>
1307. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1308. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1309. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
1310. <br /></div>
1311. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 32px;">
1312. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1313. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1314. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Puzzle solver</span></div>
1315. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1316. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Diagnostician </span></div>
1317. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1318. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Deal maker</span></div>
1319. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1320. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Builder</span></div>
1321. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1322. <span style="font-kerning: none;">System creator </span></div>
1323. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1324. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Rule breaker </span></div>
1325. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1326. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Describer</span></div>
1327. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1328. <span style="font-kerning: none;">System analyst</span></div>
1329. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1330. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Orchestrater</span></div>
1331. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1332. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Organizer</span></div>
1333. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1334. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Helper</span></div>
1335. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1336. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Designer</span></div>
1337. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1338. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Performer</span></div>
1339. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1340. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Maintainer</span></div>
1341. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1342. <span style="font-kerning: none;">People person</span></div>
1343. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1344. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Dilettante </span></div>
1345. <br />
1346. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1347. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Neats</span></div>
1348. <div>
1349. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><br /></span></div>
1350. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/5661776514550439603/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=5661776514550439603' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5661776514550439603'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5661776514550439603'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2019/07/what-kind-of-kid-were-you.html' title='What kind of kid were you?'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-6729036037399729713</id><published>2019-04-26T09:25:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2019-04-26T09:27:07.924-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Time to stop punishing kids for having &quot;ADHD&quot; and other nonsensical diseases </title><content type='html'>&amp;nbsp;&lt;b style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
1351. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
1352. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
1353. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1354. <br /></div>
1355. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
1356. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
1357. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
1358. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
1359. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
1360. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1361. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1362. <span style="font-kerning: none;">ADHD, autism, dyslexia. There are so many bad things a kid can be diagnosed with. We have been working in cyber security these days. As part of that we are interviewing successful hackers. It turns out that our country’s top hackers were all diagnosed with these “bad” things.  They were almost all in special ed when they were in school. I find myself wondering if these bad are things are really all that bad.</span></div>
1363. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1364. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1365. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1366. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here are 14 common signs of ADHD in children according to <i>health line</i>: </span></div>
1367. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1368. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1369. <ol>
1370. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Self-focused behavior</span></li>
1371. </ol>
1372. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1373. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A common sign of ADHD is what looks like an inability to recognize other people’s needs and desires. This can lead to the next two signs: interrupting and trouble waiting their turn.</span></div>
1374. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #aaaaaa; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1375. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1376. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1377. <span style="font-kerning: none;">2. Interrupting</span></div>
1378. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1379. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Self-focused behavior may cause a child with ADHD to interrupt others while they’re talking or butt into conversations or games they’re not part of.</span></div>
1380. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1381. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1382. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1383. <span style="font-kerning: none;">3. Trouble waiting their turn</span></div>
1384. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1385. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Kids with ADHD may have trouble waiting their turn during classroom activities or when playing games with other children.</span></div>
1386. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1387. <br /></div>
1388. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1389. <span style="font-kerning: none;">4. Emotional turmoil</span></div>
1390. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1391. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A child with ADHD may have trouble keeping their emotions in check. They may have outbursts of anger at inappropriate times. Younger children may have temper tantrums. </span></div>
1392. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1393. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1394. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1395. <span style="font-kerning: none;">5. Fidgetiness</span></div>
1396. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1397. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Children with ADHD often can’t sit still. They may try to get up and run around, fidget, or squirm in their chair when forced to sit.</span></div>
1398. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1399. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1400. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1401. <span style="font-kerning: none;">6. Problems playing quietly</span></div>
1402. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1403. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Fidgetiness can make it difficult for kids with ADHD to play quietly or engage calmly in leisure activities.</span></div>
1404. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1405. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1406. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1407. <span style="font-kerning: none;">7. Unfinished tasks  </span></div>
1408. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1409. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A child with ADHD may show interest in lots of different things, but they may have problems finishing them. For example, they may start projects, chores, or homework, but move on to the next thing that catches their interest before finishing. </span></div>
1410. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1411. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1412. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1413. <span style="font-kerning: none;">8. Lack of focus </span></div>
1414. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1415. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A child with ADHD may have trouble paying attention, even when someone is speaking directly to them. They’ll say they heard you, but they won’t be able to repeat back to you what you just said.</span></div>
1416. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1417. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1418. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1419. <span style="font-kerning: none;">9. Avoidance of tasks needing extended mental effort</span></div>
1420. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1421. <span style="font-kerning: none;">This same lack of focus can cause a child to avoid activities that require a sustained mental effort, such as paying attention in class or doing homework.</span></div>
1422. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1423. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1424. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1425. <span style="font-kerning: none;">10. Mistakes</span></div>
1426. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1427. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Children with ADHD can have trouble following instructions that require planning or executing a plan. This can then lead to careless mistakes — but it doesn’t indicate laziness or a lack of intelligence.</span></div>
1428. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1429. <br /></div>
1430. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1431. <span style="font-kerning: none;">11. Daydreaming</span></div>
1432. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1433. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); color: #231f20;">Children with ADHD aren’t always rambunctious and loud. Another sign of ADHD is being quieter </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">and less involved than other kids. A child with ADHD may stare into space, daydream, and ignore what’s going on around them.</span></div>
1434. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1435. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1436. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1437. <span style="font-kerning: none;">12. Trouble getting organized</span></div>
1438. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1439. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A child with ADHD may have trouble </span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;">keeping track of tasks and activities</span><span style="font-kerning: none;">. This may cause problems at school, as they can find it hard to prioritize homework, school projects, and other assignments.</span></div>
1440. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1441. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1442. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1443. <span style="font-kerning: none;">13. Forgetfulness</span></div>
1444. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1445. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Kids with ADHD may be forgetful in daily activities. They may forget to do chores or their homework. They may also lose things often, such as toys.</span></div>
1446. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1447. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1448. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1449. <span style="font-kerning: none;">14. Symptoms in multiple settings</span></div>
1450. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1451. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A child with ADHD will show symptoms of the condition in more than one setting. For instance, they may show lack of focus both in school and at home.</span></div>
1452. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1453. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1454. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1455. <span style="font-kerning: none;">These are interesting problems. Are they reasons to drug your kid? I found myself wondering, as I read this list, how many of them apply to me?</span></div>
1456. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1457. <span style="font-kerning: none;">  </span></div>
1458. <ol>
1459. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Self-focused behavior</span></li>
1460. </ol>
1461. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1462. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Aren’t we all self-focused? It would seem to me that being other-focused would be rather strange.</span></div>
1463. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1464. <span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;"> </span><span style="font-kerning: none;"> </span></div>
1465. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1466. <span style="font-kerning: none;">2. Interrupting</span></div>
1467. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1468. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I was always being called to task for interrupting. When I have an idea I want to say it. My third grade teacher complained to my mother that I was always shouting out the answers. To this day, I don’t know why that was a problem. I knew the answer and was bored with listening to her call on kids who didn’t.</span></div>
1469. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1470. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1471. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1472. <span style="font-kerning: none;">3. Trouble waiting their turn</span></div>
1473. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1474. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I can’t stand in line and have no ability to wait my turn.</span></div>
1475. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1476. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1477. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1478. <span style="font-kerning: none;">4. Emotional turmoil</span></div>
1479. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1480. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I am not sure what keeping your emotions in check actually means. Does it mean pretending that you don’t feel how you actually feel? I am really bad at that.</span></div>
1481. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1482. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1483. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1484. <span style="font-kerning: none;">5. Fidgetiness</span></div>
1485. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1486. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I could never sit still. I still can’t sit still.</span></div>
1487. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1488. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1489. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1490. <span style="font-kerning: none;">6. Problems playing quietly</span></div>
1491. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1492. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Well I can do that. I am doing it right now.</span></div>
1493. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1494. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1495. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1496. <span style="font-kerning: none;">7. Unfinished tasks  </span></div>
1497. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1498. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I have written 31 books. I have started maybe 100. Does this count?</span></div>
1499. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1500. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1501. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1502. <span style="font-kerning: none;">8. Lack of focus </span></div>
1503. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1504. <span style="font-kerning: none;">My wife complains about this all the time. She speaks and I say “what?” and she asks why I didn’t hear her and says I wasn’t listening. I am never listening. I am thinking about something else.</span></div>
1505. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1506. <br /></div>
1507. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1508. <span style="font-kerning: none;">9. Avoidance of tasks needing extended mental effort</span></div>
1509. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1510. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>A lack of focus can cause a child to avoid activities that require a sustained</i></span></div>
1511. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1512. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>mental effort, such as paying attention in class or doing homework.</i></span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"><i> </i></span></div>
1513. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1514. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Wow! there are people who pay attention in class and don’t avoid doing their homework? Not me. Not my children. Outside of worries about reprimand and worries about grades I can’t imagine why anyone would pay attention in class.</span></div>
1515. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1516. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1517. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1518. <span style="font-kerning: none;">10. Mistakes</span></div>
1519. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1520. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Children with ADHD can make mistakes because they weren't paying attention? Isn’t that true of everyone?</span></div>
1521. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1522. <br /></div>
1523. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1524. <span style="font-kerning: none;">11. Daydreaming</span></div>
1525. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1526. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); color: #231f20;"><i>A child with ADHD may stare into space, </i></span><span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>daydream, and ignore what’s going on around them</i>. </span></div>
1527. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1528. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;">Good for them</span><span style="font-kerning: none;">. They have stuff that they want to think about. Why is daydreaming a bad thing? Oh yeah. School.</span></div>
1529. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1530. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1531. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1532. <span style="font-kerning: none;">12. Trouble getting organized</span></div>
1533. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1534. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>A child with ADHD may have trouble keeping track of activities. This may cause problems at school, as they can find it hard to prioritize homework, school projects, and other assignments.</i> </span></div>
1535. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1536. <span style="font-kerning: none;">School again. Not caring about stuff that has been assigned in school is not a disease, it is a rational reaction to school.</span></div>
1537. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1538. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1539. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1540. <span style="font-kerning: none;">13. Forgetfulness</span></div>
1541. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1542. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Kids with ADHD may be forgetful in daily activities. They may forget to do chores or their homework. </i> </span></div>
1543. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1544. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here again this is about school, which is boring. A normal reaction to boring.</span></div>
1545. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 17px;">
1546. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1547. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1548. <span style="font-kerning: none;">14. Symptoms in multiple settings</span></div>
1549. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1550. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>A child with ADHD will show symptoms of the condition in more than one setting. For instance, they may show lack of focus both in school and at home.</i></span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></div>
1551. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1552. <span style="font-kerning: none;">If you are into what you are thinking about you, will be into it at any time of day. Guilty.</span></div>
1553. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1554. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1555. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1556. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So I have ADHD. I am glad they didn’t have this diagnosis when I was a kid because I certainly would have been drugged into submission. (My mother believed in doctors.)</span></div>
1557. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1558. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1559. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1560. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Not every kid is the same. We want to identify potential hackers so we can teach them to hack. (The country needs them badly.) Could we figure out if a kid is likely to want to hack so we can get them out of special ed and into something they might love and we might need?</span></div>
1561. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1562. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1563. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1564. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here is a list of types of kids that I came up with:</span></div>
1565. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1566. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1567. <ul>
1568. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Puzzle solver</span></li>
1569. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Diagnostician </span></li>
1570. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Deal maker</span></li>
1571. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Builder</span></li>
1572. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">System creator </span></li>
1573. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Rule breaker </span></li>
1574. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Describer</span></li>
1575. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">System analyst</span></li>
1576. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Orchestrater</span></li>
1577. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Organizer</span></li>
1578. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Helper</span></li>
1579. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Designer</span></li>
1580. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Performer</span></li>
1581. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Maintainer</span></li>
1582. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">People person</span></li>
1583. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Dilettantes </span></li>
1584. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Neats</span></li>
1585. </ul>
1586. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1587. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1588. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1589. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Imagine that we could identify the kind of kid you are and create a curriculum for you that fit in with who you are as a person. That is what this list is for, helping us treat kids as they need to be treated.</span></div>
1590. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1591. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1592. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 31, 32); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #231f20; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1593. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Imagine that a kid is in school and the teacher is talking. Will they be paying attention? Will they be able to focus?</span></div>
1594. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1595. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1596. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1597. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Puzzle solver</span></div>
1598. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1599. <span style="font-kerning: none;">ADHD? Not if they can’t stop thinking about a puzzle</span></div>
1600. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1601. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1602. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1603. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Diagnostician </span></div>
1604. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1605. <span style="font-kerning: none;">ADHD? If they are stuck on a problem they will not be paying attention to the teacher.</span></div>
1606. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1607. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1608. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1609. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Deal maker</span></div>
1610. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1611. <span style="font-kerning: none;">ADHD? If they are in middle of a deal.</span></div>
1612. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1613. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1614. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1615. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Builder</span></div>
1616. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1617. <span style="font-kerning: none;">If they are thinking about what they want to build or are building, they will not pay attention to you.</span></div>
1618. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1619. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1620. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1621. <span style="font-kerning: none;">System creator </span></div>
1622. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1623. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Maybe.</span></div>
1624. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1625. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1626. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1627. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Rule breaker </span></div>
1628. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1629. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Thinking about what he could get away with.</span></div>
1630. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1631. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1632. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1633. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Describer</span></div>
1634. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1635. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A describer might be paying attention because they are looking for things to describe.</span></div>
1636. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1637. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1638. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1639. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1640. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1641. <span style="font-kerning: none;">System analyst</span></div>
1642. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1643. <span style="font-kerning: none;">They are always looking for the underlying system. </span></div>
1644. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1645. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1646. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1647. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Orchestrater</span></div>
1648. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1649. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Only paying attention if there is nothing to orchestrate. </span></div>
1650. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1651. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1652. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1653. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Organizer</span></div>
1654. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1655. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Same.</span></div>
1656. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1657. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1658. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1659. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Helper</span></div>
1660. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1661. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Is there someone who needs help?</span></div>
1662. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1663. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1664. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1665. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Designer</span></div>
1666. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1667. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Thinking about designs.</span></div>
1668. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1669. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1670. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1671. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Performer</span></div>
1672. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1673. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Waiting his or her turn.</span></div>
1674. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1675. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1676. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1677. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Maintainer</span></div>
1678. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1679. <span style="font-kerning: none;">They are probably paying attention.</span></div>
1680. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1681. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1682. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1683. <span style="font-kerning: none;">People Person</span></div>
1684. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1685. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Is thinking about someone else in the class.</span></div>
1686. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1687. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1688. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1689. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Dilettante</span></div>
1690. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1691. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Only paying attention if the subject fascinates him.</span></div>
1692. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1693. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1694. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1695. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Neats</span></div>
1696. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1697. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Neats like order. It is orderly to pay attention.</span></div>
1698. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1699. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1700. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1701. <span style="font-kerning: none;">ADHD is clearly a personality feature that anyone with a particular way of looking at things will often exhibit. School is the problem, not the kids. School demands that you stop thinking about what you were thinking about and pay attention and do what you were told. We think that kids who resist this are weird and need to be drugged. We should be finding out what they are thinking about, and help them think about it better. Nah. Too obvious.</span></div>
1702. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1703. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1704. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1705. <span style="font-kerning: none;">They didn’t use the ADHD diagnosis when my son was in school. Lucky for him. (He refused to do his reading homework when he as a kid. He said it was boring. I looked at it  — a bunch of random  paragraphs followed by multiple choice questions. It was really boring. I went to see the teacher. She asked me what she should be doing. I suggested giving him a book to read. This worked fine until the other kids in his reading group complained about having to read a book.)</span></div>
1706. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1707. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1708. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1709. <span style="font-kerning: none;">How about my son’s son? They had him drugged so fast it was impressive. He exhibits every trait we just saw, so drug him please.</span></div>
1710. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1711. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1712. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1713. <span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">How about my daughter? I will let her explain (she is the writer.):</span></div>
1714. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1715. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1716. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1717. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Breaking News: <br />
1718. 41-Year-Old Still Bad At 3rd Grade </i><a href="http://hanaschank.blogspot.com/2013/10/breaking-news-41-year-old-still-bad-at.html"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"><i>Reading Comprehension</i></span></a></span></div>
1719. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1720. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1721. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1722. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Every night when Milo asks for help with his homework I get a little nervous.  As long as he needs help with a researching a report or writing something or practicing spelling words I feel on safe ground - these are things I know how to do -  but I've been waiting for the day when I have to tell him I simply don't know the answer to something.  That day turned out to be yesterday.</i></span></div>
1723. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1724. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1725. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1726. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Milo reported that his class had taken a practice "assessment" (they don't call them tests because they don't want the kids to freak out about being tested all the time, so they call them assessments so that instead the kids can eventually freak out about being assessed all the time). He had gotten two answers wrong on the assessment so his assignment was to change the answers to the correct ones and explain why those were the correct answers. Since he wasn't sent home with an answer sheet this meant his homework was really to guess at the correct answer, make sure I agreed, and then come up with an explanation for the answer we'd agreed upon.</i></span></div>
1727. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1728. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1729. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1730. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Much to my dismay, the assessment he brought me wasn't math homework, which I still feel pretty confident with since we're at a 3rd grade level, but reading comprehension.  I totally, totally suck at reading comprehension. Or, more accurately, I suck at reading comprehension "assessments." I scored the same on the math and verbal SATs despite the fact that I never really got math and spent huge quantities of my childhood with my nose in a book. </i></span></div>
1731. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1732. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1733. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1734. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>I took Milo's reading comprehension assessment and sighed.  This was going to be okay now, right? After all, I'm an adult. I read lots of books and one assumes I comprehend them or I would have stopped reading long ago. Not only that, Simon and Schuster and the New York Times agree that I'm a writer. No published author could be bad at reading comprehension, right?</i></span></div>
1735. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1736. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1737. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1738. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>The first thing I did was look over the questions and the answers, which was how I always approached reading comprehension as a kid. The passages they give you to read are always so mind-numbingly boring that my usual strategy was to see if I could answer the questions without actually reading the passage (wait, maybe that explains why I never did well on these things ... but I digress). My heart sank as I realized in order to help Milo with his assessment I was going to have to actually read the passage. It turned out to be a mind-numbingly boring passage about a kid who went to camp to learn to swim. He didn't want to be in the group with the non-swimmers, even though he couldn't swim, so he kept asking when he could be moved up into the group for swimmers. Day after day he goes to the camp, does the stuff he's supposed to do, and asks if he can be moved up to the group with the kids who can swim. Eventually he learns to swim and gets moved up into the group. The end. ARE YOU STILL AWAKE?? Just checking.</i></span></div>
1739. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1740. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1741. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1742. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>So the first question Milo had gotten wrong was something like: </i></span></div>
1743. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(128, 0, 128); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: purple; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1744. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>The kid in this story is:</i></span></div>
1745. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(128, 0, 128); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: purple; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1746. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>a. lazy</i></span></div>
1747. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(128, 0, 128); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: purple; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1748. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>b. keen</i></span></div>
1749. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(128, 0, 128); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: purple; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1750. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>c. reckless</i></span></div>
1751. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(128, 0, 128); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: purple; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1752. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>d. angry</i></span></div>
1753. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1754. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1755. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1756. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Milo had put down that the kid was lazy. </i></span></div>
1757. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1758. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1759. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1760. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>"I get that," I said to him. "I totally get that. You put down that he's lazy because he didn't want to have to do all the things he had to do to learn how to swim, right?"</i></span></div>
1761. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1762. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1763. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1764. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>"Yes," said Milo. "He just wanted to go right to the group for kids who knew how to swim."</i></span></div>
1765. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1766. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1767. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1768. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>"Here's a tip that it took me a really long time to learn," I said. "The answer is never that the main character is lazy.  Or mean, or evil, or a slob. The main character in these things is always something nicer than that. I can't explain why, but that's how they write them. Even though you're right.  He is kind of lazy."</i></span></div>
1769. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1770. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1771. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1772. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>"So maybe it's reckless?"  Milo said.  </i></span></div>
1773. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1774. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1775. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1776. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>"Maybe," I said. "I mean, anyone who doesn't actually take the time to learn to swim and just tries to swim is a little reckless. It's not angry, though I could make an argument for why it could be angry. Maybe he's angry about having to be in the group for non-swimmers."</i></span></div>
1777. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1778. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1779. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1780. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>"Is it angry?" Milo asked.</i></span></div>
1781. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1782. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1783. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1784. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>"It's not angry,” I said. "Let's look up what 'keen' means." Milo was shocked that I didn't know what it meant. I explained it's a word that no one has used in the last fifty years, so it makes perfect sense that it would appear in a reading comprehension assessment for eight year olds. The definition for "keen" is 'confident'. The answer was "keen."</i></span></div>
1785. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1786. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1787. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1788. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>We moved on to the next question. And for the life of me I couldn't figure out the answer. I found myself making an argument for every single answer. They all seemed equally valid.  And then I remembered why I couldn't do reading comprehension as a kid. No matter how hard I tried I couldn't stop arguing with the people who wrote the test.  </i></span></div>
1789. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1790. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1791. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1792. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>I always felt like if they would just give me the chance to make my case in person I could convince them to see it my way. I wanted to accompany my responses with long essays about how all answers could be right if viewed in the right way. It wasn't that I didn't care.  It was that on some level I cared too much about writing and reading to fill in a letter on a bubble sheet and move on. I always found myself editing the passages as I read them, thinking about how I would rewrite them. As I read through the answers I saw them all as correct because writing is fluid and open to interpretation and that is what makes it such a joy to experience. One person may see a kid in a story as lazy and another may see him as angry and they are both right, and if you don't understand that then you haven't comprehended anything about what you've read.</i></span></div>
1793. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1794. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1795. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 15px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 18px;">
1796. <br /></div>
1797. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1798. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Does Milo have ADHD? It seems doubtful from this. He is a good kid who just wants to get the answer right (a neat). Does my daughter have ADHD? She certainly has “I don’t want to do it your way.” Looks like ADHD to me. I should have drugged her.</span></div>
1799. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1800. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1801. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1802. <span style="font-kerning: none;">As I am writing this, the FDA has just announced that it approved a treatment for ADHD that is <i>A nerve-stimulating medical device that sends therapeutic signals to parts of the brain thought to be involved in ADHD.</i></span></div>
1803. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1804. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1805. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1806. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Oh good. If they won’t pay attention, zap ‘em. Individual differences be damned.</span></div>
1807. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1808. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1809. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1810. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Let’s move on to autism. We used to have many child development challenges that were labeled by various name like <i>Asperger’s </i>and <i>non-speaking children</i>. Lately these have been put on the “autism spectrum” so that we can pretend that they are all the same thing. There are plenty of sites that list recognized autistic behavior such as this one (autism speaks):</span></div>
1811. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
1812. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1813. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1814. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Autism’s core symptoms</b> are</span></div>
1815. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1816. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Social communication challenges</span></div>
1817. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1818. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Restricted, repetitive behaviors</span></div>
1819. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
1820. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1821. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1822. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In autism, these symptoms</span></div>
1823. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1824. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Begin in early childhood (though they may go unrecognized)</span></div>
1825. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1826. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Persist</span></div>
1827. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1828. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Interfere with daily living</span></div>
1829. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
1830. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1831. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1832. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Specialized healthcare providers diagnose autism using a checklist of criteria in the two categories above. They also assess symptom severity. Autism’s severity scale reflects how much support a person needs for daily function.</span></div>
1833. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
1834. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1835. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1836. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Many people with autism have sensory issues. These typically involve over- or under-sensitivities to sounds, lights, touch, tastes, smells, pain and other stimuli. Autism is also associated with high rates of certain physical and mental health conditions.</span></div>
1837. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(100, 100, 100); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #646464; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
1838. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1839. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1840. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Social communication challenges</b></span></div>
1841. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1842. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Children and adults with autism have difficulty with verbal and non-verbal communication. For example, they may not understand or appropriately use:</span></div>
1843. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1844. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Spoken language (around a third of people with autism are nonverbal)</span></div>
1845. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1846. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Gestures</span></div>
1847. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1848. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Eye contact</span></div>
1849. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1850. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Facial expressions</span></div>
1851. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1852. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Tone of voice</span></div>
1853. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1854. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Expressions not meant to be taken literally</span></div>
1855. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; min-height: 20px; text-indent: -36px;">
1856. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1857. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1858. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Additional social challenges</b> can include difficulty with:</span></div>
1859. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1860. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Recognizing emotions and intentions in others</span></div>
1861. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1862. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Recognizing one’s own emotions</span></div>
1863. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1864. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Expressing emotions</span></div>
1865. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1866. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Seeking emotional comfort from others</span></div>
1867. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1868. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Feeling overwhelmed in social situations</span></div>
1869. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1870. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Taking turns in conversation</span></div>
1871. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1872. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Gauging personal space (appropriate distance between people)</span></div>
1873. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; min-height: 20px; text-indent: -36px;">
1874. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1875. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1876. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>Restricted and repetitive behaviors</b></span></div>
1877. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1878. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Restricted and repetitive behaviors vary greatly across the autism spectrum. They can include:</span></div>
1879. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1880. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Repetitive body movements (e.g. rocking, flapping, spinning, running back and forth) </span></div>
1881. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1882. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Repetitive motions with objects (e.g. spinning wheels, shaking sticks, flipping levers)</span></div>
1883. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1884. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Staring at lights or spinning objects</span></div>
1885. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1886. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Ritualistic behaviors (e.g. lining up objects, repeatedly touching objects in a set order)</span></div>
1887. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1888. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Narrow or extreme interests in specific topics</span></div>
1889. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
1890. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Need for unvarying routine/resistance to change (e.g. same daily schedule, meal menu, clothes, route to school) </span></div>
1891. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(100, 100, 100); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #646464; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; min-height: 20px; text-indent: -36px;">
1892. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1893. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; min-height: 22px; text-indent: -36px;">
1894. <br /></div>
1895. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1896. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Many of the hackers we interviewed had been diagnosed as autistic and placed in special ed programs. Could there be another way? What if we simply assessed kids to see who they are and suggested programs of study that fit with their personal tastes?</span></div>
1897. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1898. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1899. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1900. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Instead of saying that there is something wrong with them because they have <i>narrow or extreme interests</i> in specific topics, couldn't we just see this as a feature rather than as a bug?</span></div>
1901. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1902. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1903. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1904. <span style="font-kerning: none;">My son had (and has) a narrow interest in specific topics. He was, and is, obsessed with subways. Has this hurt him in some way? He is doing just fine as the chief innovation officer at the LA MTA. But his son, on the other hand, has been diagnosed as autistic and is now in a special school and therapy for his “illness.” I never saw my son as having an illness because he was obsessed with subways. I let him go with it. Today they would drug him.</span></div>
1905. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1906. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1907. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1908. <span style="font-kerning: none;">My daughter was always obsessed with writing and still is. She ignored school if it didn't entail writing. Has this hurt her in some way? (Her latest book, <i>The Ambition Decisions</i>, did pretty well.)</span></div>
1909. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1910. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1911. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1912. <span style="font-kerning: none;">All the “terrible” things that are listed on the above site don’t look so terrible to me. I love routine. I know plenty of people who feel overwhelmed in social situations. And I know plenty of people who cannot recognize the emotions of others. Am I autistic because I love routine (as did my father before me)?</span></div>
1913. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1914. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1915. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1916. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It is possible that these are genetic traits and not symptoms of a disease? It seems that we have signaled out certain genetic traits as being bad. So we take people who don’t fit our ideal and marginalize them. We can do better than this.</span></div>
1917. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1918. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1919. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1920. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The problem is, of course, school. It is a rare moment when an adult has to sit quietly and say nothing while someone talks for a long time. It is a rare moment when an adult must worry about passing a test that shows that they were listening.</span></div>
1921. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1922. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1923. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1924. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So the real problem with ADHD and autism is that these kids make bad students and won’t sit still in class. But learning does not depend on sitting still and listening. It depends upon goals you really have, not ones that are imposed upon you by school.</span></div>
1925. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1926. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1927. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1928. <span style="font-kerning: none;">An autistic kid will probably grow up to be a very annoying adult and is certainly difficult to raise as a child. If school weren't the real problem ADHD would not be a real problem. Autism is annoying, but many people are annoying. </span></div>
1929. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1930. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1931. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1932. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Most annoying of all is our failure to recognize that kids are different and have different proclivities. We should stop making them learn algebra or literature of anything else they don’t care to learn. (My daughter got an <i>F</i> in Latin in her fancy middle school. Good for her.)</span></div>
1933. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1934. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1935. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 4.5px;">
1936. <span style="font-kerning: none;">(I should point out that I got the categories above by interviewing many adults. The puzzle solvers almost all became doctors. The maintenance people became dentists. I am not trying to predict what kids should be. I just want offer them choices. Like puzzles? Maybe you would like to try our doctor simulation.)</span></div>
1937. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.3px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 13.5px; min-height: 22px;">
1938. <br /></div>
1939. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/6729036037399729713/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=6729036037399729713' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/6729036037399729713'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/6729036037399729713'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2019/04/time-to-stop-punishing-kids-for-having.html' title='Time to stop punishing kids for having &quot;ADHD&quot; and other nonsensical diseases '/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-3059774655609104506</id><published>2019-01-14T11:45:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2019-01-14T11:45:35.770-05:00</updated><title type='text'>The &quot;Knowledge Transfer&quot; problem</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
1940. <span style="font-kerning: none;">tell</span></div>
1941. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1942. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1943. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1944. <span style="font-kerning: none;">listen </span></div>
1945. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1946. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1947. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1948. <span style="font-kerning: none;">memorize</span></div>
1949. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1950. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1951. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1952. <span style="font-kerning: none;">recall as needed</span></div>
1953. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1954. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1955. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1956. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1957. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1958. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Underlying this “truth” (that all the world seems to believe) we have the notion of knowledge. How would you know something if someone didn’t tell it to you? There is truth and you need to know it, so <i>the truth must be told. Knowledge is power</i>. <i>Everything I know I learned from great teachers.</i></span></div>
1959. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1960. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1961. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1962. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We need to re-think. Philosophers have been talking about knowledge for as long as there have been philosophers. If they really understood the idea they wouldn't be debating it so much and for so long. It is relatively safe to conclude that knowledge is an undefined and amorphous thing.</span></div>
1963. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1964. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1965. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1966. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Let philosophers keep debating. The problem is that educators believe there is knowledge, that it is important for kids to acquire knowledge, and that this can be done by listening and reading and then we can know if the knowledge was acquired by testing the acquirer. Educators believe in “knowledge transfer” and focus on how best to do it.</span></div>
1967. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1968. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1969. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1970. <span style="font-kerning: none;">This is simply wrong and has ruined education for generations of children (and adults). No one much cares about this because the provider of education is usually the government and governments have truth they want children to learn. Just like religions, governments want the truth to be told, but for sinister reasons. In my country everyone “knows” that we will live in greatest country in the world and that we also the most free country in the world. How do they know that? The schools tell them that constantly and they believe it.</span></div>
1971. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1972. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1973. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1974. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Our education model is built on the idea that there is knowledge and that it can be transferred. What happens when we question that assumption?</span></div>
1975. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1976. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1977. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1978. <span style="font-kerning: none;">An interview with Rep Steven King (from Iowa) in the New York Times (Jan 10, 2019) had this quote:</span></div>
1979. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1980. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1981. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.5px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1982. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>“White nationalist, white supremacist, Western civilization — how did that language become offensive?” Mr. King said. “Why did I sit in classes teaching me about the merits of our history and our civilization?”</i></span></div>
1983. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.5px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1984. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
1985. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1986. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A very good question. Why did he sit in classes that taught that?</span></div>
1987. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1988. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1989. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1990. <span style="font-kerning: none;">If you disagree with what he was taught, this sounds horrible. But, if you agree with it, there seems to be nothing wrong with it — and that is the problem. Knowledge transfer is the same as indoctrination except that when teachers are transferring the Quadratic Formula or Archimedes’ Principle to student’s heads it seems more reasonable. It isn’t reasonable there either.</span></div>
1991. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1992. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1993. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1994. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What is education about then if it isn’t about knowledge transfer?</span></div>
1995. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
1996. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
1997. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
1998. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It should be about learning how to ask questions, and how to find out the answers for yourself when those answers matter to you.</span></div>
1999. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2000. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2001. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2002. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Education should be about inquiry. We want kids to wonder about things. We want adults to not simply accept what they are told. Being intelligent means have an “inquiring mind.”</span></div>
2003. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2004. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2005. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2006. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We have all heard that <i>inquiring minds need to know.</i> But the curious thing is the origin of that phrase. It was an advertising slogan of The National Enquirer, a gossip newspaper. So, apparently we expect people to inquire about movie star’s lives and politician’s love affairs but not about anything that matters.</span></div>
2007. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2008. <span style="font-kerning: none;">How to we move from transferring knowledge to promoting inquiry?</span></div>
2009. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2010. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2011. <br />
2012. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2013. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We need to move from teaching knowledge to instigating inquiry. A good teacher could do that instead of rambling on and giving tests, but of course the system won’t allow it.</span></div>
2014. <div>
2015. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><br /></span></div>
2016. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/3059774655609104506/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=3059774655609104506' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3059774655609104506'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3059774655609104506'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2019/01/the-knowledge-transfer-problem.html' title='The &quot;Knowledge Transfer&quot; problem'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-3644115001710604961</id><published>2018-07-25T08:21:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2018-07-25T08:21:02.696-04:00</updated><title type='text'>learning starts with curiosity (and do does AI)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
2017. <span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: large;"><b> </b></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px;">About 40 years ago I was having lunch with a Yale colleague (Bob Abelson — a famous social psychologist) who was also my closest friend at the time. </span></div>
2018. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2019. I complained to him that my wife could’t cook steak rare. (I hate overcooked meat.) He replied that back in 50’s he was in the U.K. and he couldn’t get his hair cut as short as he wanted it. (Crew cuts were in style in the U.S. then but not in the U.K.) </div>
2020. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2021. That’s all there is to know about learning. </div>
2022. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2023. Huh?</div>
2024. <ol style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin: 3.2rem 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2025. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> learning starts with a conversation</li>
2026. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the first speaker has a problem and wants help thinking his problem out</li>
2027. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the listener relates his friend's problem to a problem of his own</li>
2028. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the link is through an explanation that the listener thinks might be the explanation both parties are seeking</li>
2029. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">so he replies to a story with a story </li>
2030. </ol>
2031. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2032. Underneath all this are some simple truths</div>
2033. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2034. <br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /></div>
2035. <ol style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin: 3.2rem 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2036. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Learning starts with curiosity. (This is one reason that school is really not a good way to educate. If I need to be curious in order to learn, school would have to try to relate to something I am already curious about — but how could that happen with fixed curricula and many students in class each of which is curious about different things?} School can try to make me curious. (But really how many people are curious about algebra? Actually I was one of those who was curious about algebra. Four years of being a math major convinced me to become curious about something else, in my case computers and human thinking.)</li>
2037. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Listening can only work if the listener is curious too. A listener may not be curious about what the speaker is curious about but the speaker is trying to make the listener curious about something. If they succeed the listener will attempt to find in their memory something that they have experienced so the listener can respond to the speaker with a story of their own, satisfying the goals of each. How might we do that? (Modern AI doesn't even ask this kind of question oddly.)</li>
2038. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Matching underlying goals and plans is a kind of pattern matching but pattern matching in AI these days tends to be about words or pixels and not about ideas. It is hard for a computer to pattern match ideas, so when we talk about how computers can learn we must be very sceptical about the kinds of things they are matching. Bob was matching on “not getting what you want when it is easy enough to provide.” He had a goal and he couldn’t achieve it. He needed to find an explanation of why something we were both asking for wasn't given to us. Human understanders know what they are trying to understand. Computers not so much.</li>
2039. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Explanations are the basis of understanding. Bob was searching for an explanation. He constructed one by matching my story to his story. But what was he matching exactly? He was matching on the plans and goals held by the actors in the story and his own curiosity about what their points of view might have been. He unconsciously constructed an explanation: maybe the actors didn’t want to accede to the request because they thought that the request was too extreme.</li>
2040. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">When we match our stories to the stories of others we do so in order to learn from them. When we think about a story we have heard, we do so in order to construct an explanation of the events in the story. We can only do this by finding experiences we have had that relate to the experience being told to us. We pursue this path if we are curious about an explanation (typically because we think that explanation will help us understand something we were curious about.) </li>
2041. <li style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 2.4rem 0px 2.4rem 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">But what do we match on? Certainly not words or pixels. We match on high level abstractions like goals, plans, and intentionality. My goal was to eat the way I like. Bob’s goal was to look the way he wanted. But at a higher level of abstraction my goal was to get someone to do something for me and so was his. So any explanation would have had to have been about convincing other people to do what we wanted. That kind of goal (how to convince someone) was never actually discussed but that is what we were both curious about and such goals drive learning.</li>
2042. </ol>
2043. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2044. <br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /></div>
2045. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2046. Learning starts with curiosity. We seek explanations and use those explanations until we get confused again. Marvin Minsky once told me he loved being confused. He liked to think about difficult stuff.</div>
2047. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2048. To put this another way: if you are not confused nor curious you will not learn. This applies to every form of education and every form of AI.</div>
2049. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2050. <br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /></div>
2051. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2052. Teachers: confuse your students. Don't give them explanations. F=MA explains nothing your average student is curious about. They know already that the harder you hit a ball the further it goes.</div>
2053. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2054. Curriculum designers: start with what your students are confused about. As I have said many times, learning happens when students wants to learn, not when teachers want to teach</div>
2055. <div style="background-position: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.74902); font-family: "Source Serif Pro", serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 3.2rem; margin-bottom: 3.2rem; margin-top: 3.2rem; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
2056. AI people: you will never make computers intelligent by focussing on words, no matter how well you can count them or match them. Everything starts with goals and the ideas that underlie them. Dogs have goals but they don't have words. Amazingly, dogs can think intelligently about getting what they want. When modern AI can do what dogs do every day in order to achieve the real goals that they have, please let me know.</div>
2057. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/3644115001710604961/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=3644115001710604961' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3644115001710604961'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3644115001710604961'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2018/07/learning-starts-with-curiosity-and-do.html' title='learning starts with curiosity (and do does AI)'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-2770622844936914069</id><published>2018-06-05T11:30:00.003-04:00</published><updated>2018-06-05T11:30:32.116-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Understanding Understanding: real AI vs. Modern AI</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
2058. <br /></div>
2059. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2060. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2061. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2062. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What does it mean to understand? This seems like a simple question but it isn’t. These days, AI is a field that attempts to understand simple English sentences like “Alexa play me a Beatle’s song.” But the understanding required to perform this command is considerably different than what is needed to read <i>A Tale of Two Cities </i>and understand it.  Trying telling Alexa that “it was the best of times and it was the worst of times.” Say that to a person and they might say: “what do you mean?”</span></div>
2063. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2064. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2065. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2066. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Or, consider this from today’s New York Times:</span></div>
2067. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2068. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2069. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
2070. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;">  </span>President Trump, ramping up his assertions of extraordinary powers, declared in a tweet that he had “the absolute right” to pardon himself for any crime.</span></div>
2071. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; min-height: 15px; text-indent: -36px;">
2072. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;">  </span></span></div>
2073. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; text-indent: -36px;">
2074. <span style="font-kerning: none;">            The claim was the latest in an aggressive series of moves, as Mr. Trump and his legal advisers have argued that his authority places him above the reach of obstruction statutes.</span></div>
2075. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; min-height: 15px; text-indent: -36px;">
2076. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2077. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin-left: 36px; min-height: 15px; text-indent: -36px;">
2078. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2079. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2080. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What does a person do when they read this? They have  to rely upon knowledge about the situation that they had before they read this. You have to know, for example, about Mueller’s investigation of Trump and you have to know about Presidential pardons. You also have to have the ability to realize that no one worries about pardons unless they are afraid of being found guilty of a crime. So, an intelligent reader who realize that this is discussion is based on the idea that the reader, and Trumps’ legal advisors, must have been thinking about what happens if the President is indicted. We have nothing like that in modern AI, no could we, because counting words won’t help. Why not?</span></div>
2081. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2082. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2083. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2084. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Because the word “indicted” doesn't appear anywhere in the Times story. How would Alexa or Siri understand this article? They wouldn’t. Any intelligent reader knows that indictment is the underlying issue. And what would modern AI systems be able to do with this? Nothing. Modern AI systems are not actually about understanding no matter what IBM says about “cognitive computing" </span></div>
2085. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2086. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2087. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2088. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The imminent arrival of AI is in everything we read these days due to a serious misunderstanding of the real issues in AI, which haven’t changed over the last 50 years.</span></div>
2089. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2090. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2091. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2092. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Old time AI folks like me were always concerned with what it means for a human to understand. </span></div>
2093. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2094. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2095. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2096. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Yesterday, there was a interesting article in the Boston Globe about an old AI guy (Patrick Winston) at MIT who is trying to address what understanding really is:</span></div>
2097. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2098. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2099. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2100. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2018/06/02/toil-and-trouble-how-macbeth-could-teach-computers-think/h9kbBEX7BVkp4Rc6XbJrPM/story.html">https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2018/06/02/toil-and-trouble-how-macbeth-could-teach-computers-think/h9kbBEX7BVkp4Rc6XbJrPM/story.html</a></span></div>
2101. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2102. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2103. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2104. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2105. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2106. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It won’t get much attention because what Winston is doing is not what the AI hype is all about.  </span></div>
2107. <br />
2108. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2109. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2110. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/2770622844936914069/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=2770622844936914069' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/2770622844936914069'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/2770622844936914069'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2018/06/understanding-understanding-real-ai-vs.html' title='Understanding Understanding: real AI vs. Modern AI'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-3307559965230959364</id><published>2018-04-09T09:31:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2018-04-09T09:31:59.693-04:00</updated><title type='text'>School shootings, teacher&#39;s strikes, anxious kids; solution? eliminate cumpulsory schooling</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
2111. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Compulsory schooling has been around so long that nobody questions it. But in today's world we need to re-think. Here are some of the problems with compulsory schooling:</span></div>
2112. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2113. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2114. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2115. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2116. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2117. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>school shootings:</b> Why do crazy people shoot up schools? One reason might be that school was one of the great miseries of their childhood and they are angry. If school were optional, school shootings would most likely disappear.</span></div>
2118. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2119. <br /></div>
2120. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2121. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2122. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2123. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>bullying: </b>One reason kids hate school is that they are picked on by other kids. This is difficult to control in a classroom of 30 or 40 kids. We have set up school so that it enables kids to pick on the kids who wore the wrong clothing, or didn’t know the right answer, or said something dumb. In real life, we can avoid people who belittle us. In school we cannot.</span></div>
2124. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2125. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2126. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2127. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>poorly paid teachers:</b> If kids had their choice of schools (or the choice to not go to school) we would value teachers more. No one would choose to go to a school where the teachers were unhappy because they were just eking out an existence. Happy teachers help make happy kids and we would find a way to encourage those teachers to stay in teaching.</span></div>
2128. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2129. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2130. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2131. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>buildings in disrepair</b>: More and more we hear about the disrepair of older schools. No money to fix this? There would be money if anyone really cared about kids, but kids don't vote and politicians are really not worried about them. Fancy private schools keep their buildings in good repair. Let kids opt out of school and we can close down these dangerous places and build places kids can’t wait to go to.</span></div>
2132. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2133. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2134. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2135. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>segregation:</b> We live under the delusion that segregation is over in schools. Really? Schools reflect the neighborhoods they are in, and neighborhoods tend to be homogenous. If school weren't compulsory, kids in “bad” schools (which means there are lots of poor people really) could opt out and live less danger-filled lives</span></div>
2136. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2137. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2138. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2139. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2140. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2141. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>constant test prep:</b> Why do we permit school to be about testing and test prep? We seem to have no choice. But, if schools didn't look at test scores, this would go away. Colleges look at test scores in order to spend less time considering each kid. Special high schools use them because otherwise it would be difficult to decide who gets the privilege of going to a school that has only smart kids in it. If school were not compulsory, schools would need to compete with each other on the quality of the experience provided in order to attract kids.  </span></div>
2142. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2143. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2144. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2145. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>high anxiety:</b> It is compulsory education that makes school such an anxious experience. Students are tested, graded, and constantly compared against each other, There are winners and losers. Every day is a kind of contest. Who thought that up as a way to learn? Learning is supposed to be fun. Proponents of school typically claim that learning is hard work. That is only true if you are learning something that doesn’t interest you.    </span></div>
2146. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2147. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2148. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2149. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>government propaganda</b> What is school really for? I can say it simply —Indoctrination. We want you to sit still, do what you are told, and do mindless repetitive tasks so you can work on a low level boring job when you grow up. We want you to know who is in charge and to respect their right to be in charge, We expect you to believe that we have the best country in the world, and that you should be thrilled to fight for and defend that wonderful country. How can we do that without compulsory education? Who would voluntarily attend a school where such rules are hammered in daily?</span></div>
2150. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2151. <br /></div>
2152. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2153. <br /></div>
2154. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2155. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2156. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2157. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>truth</b> Lastly, we know the truth. Students need to know the truth as well. No matter that the “truth” might be in question. We want you to memorize simple truths: the quadratic formula, the laws of physics. We want you to know that George Washington never told a lie and that Abraham Lincoln freed the slaves. We don’t want to hear any other point of view. (Please don’t tell me that Washington owned 300 slaves.) We want to make sure you learn lots of mathematics because mathematics teaches you to think and we don’t want you to ask how we know that or what evidence we have for that. We want you to memorize facts about science, not actually do science (which might include questioning things we tell you and demanding evidence for them.) </span></div>
2158. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2159. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2160. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2161. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What would happen if school wasn't compulsory? We would have to find other methods of day care for children. We would have to invent hundreds of new curricula that students could choose between. We would have to have teachers who weren’t actually teaching but were helping kids do what they want to do. We would have to realize that experts are everywhere (but maybe not in your home town) and find ways for those experts to be available virtually as needed. We would have to make sure that our day care locations are safe and that the kids who choose to go to them are happy.</span></div>
2162. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2163. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2164. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2165. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Please… no more compulsory school.</span></div>
2166. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2167. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2168. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2169. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2170. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2171. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2172. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2173. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2174. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2175. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2176. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2177. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2178. <br />
2179. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
2180. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2181. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/3307559965230959364/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=3307559965230959364' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3307559965230959364'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/3307559965230959364'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2018/04/school-shootings-teachers-strikes.html' title='School shootings, teacher&#39;s strikes, anxious kids; solution? eliminate cumpulsory schooling'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-1454053473650174193</id><published>2018-03-13T11:31:00.004-04:00</published><updated>2018-03-13T11:31:31.598-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Best way to oppress women: more math tests!</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;Body&quot;&gt;
2182. <span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">I happen to be a regular viewer of
2183. the “Judge Judy” TV show. The reason is simple enough. She looks (and acts)
2184. just like my mother (who is long gone.) So it is nice to be reminded of her.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2185. <div class="Body">
2186. <br /></div>
2187. <div class="Body">
2188. <span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Judge Judy (who is phenomenally
2189. successful by anyone’s standards) can’t add. She counts on her fingers to
2190. figure how far April is from October and for anything more complicated she asks
2191. her assistant (Byrd) to do the math for her.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2192. <div class="Body">
2193. <br /></div>
2194. <div class="Body">
2195. <span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Why am I writing about this, you
2196. wonder? Because the news lately has been running segments extolling that the
2197. Girl Scouts now offer STEM merit badges.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2198. <div class="Body">
2199. <br /></div>
2200. <div class="Body">
2201. <span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">STEM is a nonsense idea being
2202. touted by the educational establishment. STEM is so important that no one has
2203. bothered to create high school engineering courses for it (That’s the E in
2204. STEM.) Science is the same old memorizing formulas as it always was and, well,
2205. then there is math.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2206. <div class="Body">
2207. <br /></div>
2208. <div class="Body">
2209. <span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">I have written elsewhere and often
2210. about why algebra is a waste of time and why the “math teaches you to think”
2211. argument is totally unsupported by facts. I suppose there might be a worldwide
2212. mathematician shortage but I missed it. Math is important because the testing
2213. industry loves it. OECD and ETS thrive on math scores and panicking kids into
2214. learning it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2215. <div class="Body">
2216. <br /></div>
2217. <div class="Body">
2218. <span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">But, and here is my main point:
2219. math oppresses women. I don't normally concern myself with women’s issues,
2220. particularly not now when that is all you hear about in the news. But, why
2221. don't we ever about the number one oppressor of women? Really? How does math
2222. oppress women? Let me explain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2223. <div class="Body">
2224. <br /></div>
2225. <div class="Body">
2226. <span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Judge Judy can’t do math. Neither
2227. could my mother.(She was pretty successful too.) Neither can my wife. Neither
2228. can my daughter. Neither can my granddaughter. Surely this is just odd. Not
2229. really. I just IM-ed the senior designer in my company (who was one of the
2230. smartest PhD student I ever had):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2231. <div class="Body">
2232. <br /></div>
2233. <div class="Default">
2234. <br /></div>
2235. <div class="MsoTitle">
2236. <span style="font-size: 22.0pt;">me: how did you do in math in
2237. HS?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2238. <div class="Default">
2239. <br /></div>
2240. <div class="MsoTitle">
2241. <span style="font-size: 22.0pt;">me: how are you at math now?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2242. <div class="Default">
2243. <br /></div>
2244. <div class="MsoTitle">
2245. <span style="font-size: 22.0pt;">Tammy: Are you kidding me? I'm
2246. afraid of the word<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2247. <div class="Default">
2248. <br /></div>
2249. <div class="MsoNormal">
2250. <span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Don't get all worked up. I'm not claiming no women can
2251. do math or that women have an innate inability to do math. There are certainly
2252. women who are accountants, scientists, etc. and many who just love math. That's
2253. not my point. Let's focus on the point.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2254. <div class="Default">
2255. <br /></div>
2256. <div class="Default">
2257. <br /></div>
2258. <div class="Default">
2259. <br /></div>
2260. <div class="Default">
2261. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">My daughter has a
2262. major book coming out in June and also has a very successful career as a user
2263. interface designer. Can she do math? She is also afraid of the word.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2264. <div class="Default">
2265. <br /></div>
2266. <div class="Default">
2267. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">In 1986, when my
2268. daughter was 14 and taking algebra I thought she was going to have a nervous
2269. breakdown. Since I was a math whiz as a kid I couldn't understand what her
2270. problem was. I still don’t. But I know she did just fine without knowing
2271. algebra (as did my mother before her and Judge Judy.) In 1986 I began to
2272. examine why we taught math at all. Being a math whiz as a kid didn’t mean I
2273. would ever use algebra as an adult. I haven’t.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2274. <div class="Default">
2275. <br /></div>
2276. <div class="Default">
2277. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Back then I
2278. learned about the Committee of Ten that created the modern day high school
2279. curriculum (in 1892) and read about the math professor who was on that
2280. committee who was trying to sell an algebra textbook at the time. So, I figured
2281. the reason for algebra was just random and as usual, had to do with money.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2282. <div class="Default">
2283. <br /></div>
2284. <div class="Default">
2285. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">I have since
2286. changed my mind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
2287. <div class="Default">
2288. <br /></div>
2289. <div class="Default">
2290. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">I now believe
2291. that math is emphasized is school as a subtle way to oppress women. It is
2292. commonly stated that woman are bad at math for any number of reasons having to
2293. with their lack of confidence or male oppression or stereotyping. But how about
2294. considering another idea? This is the right question:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2295. <div class="Default">
2296. <br /></div>
2297. <div class="Default">
2298. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">So what?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2299. <div class="Default">
2300. <br /></div>
2301. <div class="Default">
2302. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">The normal answer
2303. to this is that then women can't be engineers or scientists.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2304. <div class="Default">
2305. <br /></div>
2306. <div class="Default">
2307. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">And I say again:
2308. So what?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2309. <div class="Default">
2310. <br /></div>
2311. <div class="Default">
2312. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Are these the
2313. most important professions?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  
2314. </span>Many women are kept out of a great many professions because of the math
2315. test score obsession. They are kept out of professions that do not require
2316. mathematics but nevertheless require math scores to gain admission to the
2317. schools that teach them<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>(Medical
2318. and law schools rare two good examples.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2319. <div class="Default">
2320. <br /></div>
2321. <div class="Default">
2322. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">My wife wanted to
2323. go to medical school but couldn’t because of her math scores. How many women
2324. want to get a PhD or a law degree or an MD but can’t because they had bad math
2325. scores? Tammy got into graduate school to study with me because I don't care
2326. about math GRE scores. Others are not so lucky.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2327. <div class="Default">
2328. <br /></div>
2329. <div class="Default">
2330. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">So here is a good
2331. idea: let’s make Girl Scouts learn math. I checked the Boy Scouts site and
2332. found that Boy Scouts have STEM Merit badges as well. Here are two STEM merit
2333. badges for boy scouts: archery and softball.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2334. <div class="Default">
2335. <br /></div>
2336. <div class="Default">
2337. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">What?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2338. <div class="Default">
2339. <br /></div>
2340. <div class="Default">
2341. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Maybe I
2342. misunderstood. Then I found out that a Girl Scout can get a cyber-security
2343. merit badge. I got the idea. They are marketing to parents who are desperate
2344. that their kids go to college and STEM is an obsession that parents have been
2345. told to have. The kids are simply pretending. That is ok with me.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2346. <div class="Default">
2347. <br /></div>
2348. <div class="Default">
2349. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">But what is not
2350. ok with me is that we continue to make girls feel less than adequate because
2351. they are bad at math. Instead of writing endless articles about how girls are
2352. not really bad at math or how there are Girl Scout STEM merit badges, can we
2353. simply get over the math thing?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2354. <div class="Default">
2355. <br /></div>
2356. <div class="Default">
2357. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Do I think all
2358. girls are bad at math or all boys are good at it? Of course not.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>No one is watching out for how boys are
2359. oppressed by math either. We just accept it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2360. <div class="Default">
2361. <br /></div>
2362. <div class="Default">
2363. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">My company
2364. (Socratic Arts) has way more females than males. I asked some of them how they
2365. felt about math. Here is what one them (Susan Ward — a senior designer) wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2366. <div class="Default">
2367. <br /></div>
2368. <div class="Default">
2369. <br /></div>
2370. <div class="Default">
2371. <span style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.0pt;">In high
2372. school, I particularly loved science. In fact, one of my best subjects was
2373. biology. I found it very easy to understand and sailed through regular and
2374. advanced biology, botany, and basic Chemistry. In fact, I had dreams of
2375. becoming a marine biologist, or perhaps going into some aspect of veterinary
2376. medicine. But, in the end, I was turned off by the emphasis on higher math that
2377. is typically required to enter those fields. </span><span style="color: #212121; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.0pt;">While I got As and Bs in math, when
2378. it came to trigonometry and calculus, I was turned off. It didn't feel as applicable
2379. to the world around me in the same way that science did. Fast forward many
2380. years, to my chosen career as an Instructional Designer. In my role, I've
2381. designed a number of CME programs for the medical field. I worked with doctors
2382. and other medical experts on disease state training, as well as education for
2383. pharmaceutical sales reps. The more I learned, the more I regretted not going
2384. into some aspect of medicine. Being a horse and dog owner, I have also loved
2385. learning from vets over the years about diagnosing and treating various issues
2386. (when you own a horse, you often have to be your own vet tech!). In my
2387. observations, while medical professionals do use math when writing
2388. prescriptions, administering medications, and analyzing x-rays and CAT scans,
2389. most aren't solving complex, abstract higher math problems in their day-to-day
2390. practice. I wish schools would de-emphasize higher math as a requirement for
2391. entering careers in the sciences, and instead give students the opportunity to
2392. learn the math needed for their field in context with their specific areas of
2393. interest. </span><span style="color: #212121; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
2394. <div class="Default">
2395. <br /></div>
2396. <div class="Default">
2397. <br /></div>
2398. <div class="Default">
2399. <br /></div>
2400. <div class="Default">
2401. <br /></div>
2402. <div class="Default">
2403. <br /></div>
2404. <div class="Default">
2405. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Really? Do I
2406. believe that math is there to oppress women? I was reading a book by the only
2407. guy more radical than I am about education —John Taylor Gatto. He points out
2408. that school was always meant to keep the lower classes in their place and that
2409. we adopted much of what we do in<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 
2410. </span>school from the Hindu education system which was specifically designed
2411. to keep the Brahmins in charge. This is from Gatto’s book (paraphrased):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2412. <div class="Default">
2413. <br /></div>
2414. <div class="Default">
2415. <br /></div>
2416. <div class="Default">
2417. <i><span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Hinduism had
2418. created a mass schooling institution for children of the ordinary, one
2419. inculcating a curriculum of self-abnegation and willing servility. In those
2420. places, hundreds of children were gathered in a single gigantic room divided
2421. into groups of ten under the direction of student leaders with the whole
2422. ensemble directed by a Brahmin. In the Roman manner, paid pedagogues drilled
2423. underlings in the memorization and imitation of desired attitudes and these
2424. underlings drilled the rest.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
2425. <div class="Default">
2426. <br /></div>
2427. <div class="Default">
2428. <br /></div>
2429. <div class="Default">
2430. <i><span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">A military
2431. chaplain, newly arrived in India, named Andrew Bell decided to try the Hindu
2432. system in an orphan asylum he was running. He found that it led students
2433. quickly to docile cooperation, like parts of a machine. Furthermore they seemed
2434. not to have to think, grateful to have their time reduced to rituals and
2435. routines. He praised Hindu drill as an effective impediment to learning writing
2436. and ciphering, an efficient control on reading development. Joseph Lancaster
2437. concluded that this would be a cheap way to awaken intellect in the lower classes
2438. ignoring Bell’s’ observation that it did just the opposite.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
2439. <div class="Default">
2440. <br /></div>
2441. <div class="Default">
2442. <i><span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">In 1798,
2443. Lancaster opened a free school for poor children in London. Word spread and
2444. children emerged from every alley, craving to learn. The Duke of Bedford provided
2445. Lancaster with an enormous schoolroom and a few materials. Transforming dirty
2446. ghetto children into an orderly army attracted many observers. Bell opened
2447. competing schools based on the idea that schooled ignorance was better than
2448. unschooled stupidity. <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
2449. <div class="Default">
2450. <br /></div>
2451. <div class="Default">
2452. <br /></div>
2453. <div class="Default">
2454. <br /></div>
2455. <div class="Default">
2456. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Harvard and Yale
2457. were set up originally as the Brahmin schools. (Google “Boston Brahmin.”) I
2458. assume that there was no required math score for admission in their first 100
2459. or 200 years. Harvard and Yale were all about keeping the elites in power. The
2460. SAT was created in order to enable the lower classes to get into places like
2461. Harvard. But, not that many women were going to Harvard and Yale (did I say
2462. none? -- because that was the number.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2463. <div class="Default">
2464. <br /></div>
2465. <div class="Default">
2466. <span style="color: #3f3f3f; font-size: 18.0pt;">Harvard and Yale
2467. have stopped barring the lower classes<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 
2468. </span>and women are no longer barred from admission.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Yale kept Jews out, but when the SATs came into being, many Jews
2469. scored very well and couldn't be rejected. (They were kept out of social clubs
2470. of course.) Here is something from <i>Commentary</i>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2471. <div class="Default">
2472. <br /></div>
2473. <div class="Default">
2474. <i><span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 16.0pt;">By the 1920’s, however, nearly 10 percent of Yale undergraduates were
2475. Jewish, and the Jewish applicant pool was expanding every year. Worse yet, to
2476. Yale administrators, most of these Jews were poor New Haven “townies,” who
2477. concentrated on their studies and did not participate (whether voluntarily or
2478. involuntarily) in extracurricular activities.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
2479. <div class="Default">
2480. <i><span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 16.0pt;">Faced with what it considered a crisis,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Yale enacted an unwritten quota to keep the level of Jews at
2481. or about the then-current 10 percent.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
2482. <div class="Default">
2483. <br /></div>
2484. <div class="Default">
2485. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">Here
2486. is the problem. While they could easily keep women out of Yale, when they did
2487. admit them they did too well. </span><span lang="IT" style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IT;">In Princeton</span><span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">’s first coeducational
2488. class of 1973, women were 18 percent of the class but 32 percent of those
2489. elected to Phi Beta Kappa. It is obvious what happened. The requirements for
2490. women to gain entry were tougher. They admitted only ones whom they were sure
2491. of and they were better on average than the men.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2492. <div class="Default">
2493. <br /></div>
2494. <div class="Default">
2495. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">If
2496. women were able by judgment of strict merit to be 90% of the entering class at
2497. Yale, Yale would flip out. They were quite upset at Yale when Jews started taking
2498. over the faculty. The last two presidents of Yale have been Jews and Yale has
2499. lost its role as a Brahmin university.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>The make up of the student body and the faculty is a
2500. constant issue at Yale, not that you will hear about it publicly. In the late
2501. 1970s, at a faculty meeting of the Computer Science department we were
2502. discussing why Yale never did what we asked of them. One person suggested that
2503. we hire a non-Jew to the senior faculty. Every senior faculty member in
2504. Computer Science was Jewish and we all knew that the administration was not
2505. amused.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2506. <div class="Default">
2507. <br /></div>
2508. <div class="Default">
2509. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">We
2510. let it drop, but we all knew it was there.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2511. <div class="Default">
2512. <br /></div>
2513. <div class="Default">
2514. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">Harvard
2515. and Yale have a long history of keeping people out. They were started for the
2516. elites and are still controlled, but less so, by the elites. This attitude includes
2517. keeping women out. But, how can they do that and get away with it? Math test
2518. scores. Using the math SAT they can make sure that they only get the very best
2519. women (those who will follow the rules and not ask why.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Why would Harvard and Yale care about
2520. this? Ask yourself this simple question: if the entering class were 90% women
2521. what do you think the reaction of those who rule these schools would be? The
2522. math SAT ensures that this will never happen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
2523. <div class="Default">
2524. <br /></div>
2525. <div class="Default">
2526. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">Am
2527. I saying women are not good at math? No. Hardly. I am saying they tend to
2528. dislike it more than men do. I don’t know what the reason is.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2529. <div class="Default">
2530. <br /></div>
2531. <div class="Default">
2532. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">The
2533. other day I was doing a TV show via Skype, shot from a colleague’s home in the
2534. UK. We were discussing math and then the man’s 9 year-old daughter walked by. I
2535. said to him “stop her and ask her how she likes math.” He did and she said “I
2536. hate it.” (I know that not all females hate math. One of the smartest women in
2537. my company has a master’s degree in math.) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
2538. <div class="Default">
2539. <br /></div>
2540. <div class="Default">
2541. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">If
2542. women want to make their lot in life better they should start lobbying against
2543. the math SAT. Instead of offering math merit badges in the Girl Scouts, they
2544. should be making scouting fun, no?) (And the Boy Scouts should stop the BS.
2545. Softball is a STEM activity. Really?)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2546. <div class="Default">
2547. <br /></div>
2548. <div class="Default">
2549. <span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 18.0pt;">I
2550. will give the last word to Wendy Lehnert (the woman with the math degree whom I
2551. mentioned earlier. She was my student at Yale and is a retired professor of
2552. Computer Science):<o:p></o:p></span></div>
2553. <div class="Default">
2554. <br /></div>
2555. <div class="MsoNormal">
2556. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #111111; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="border: none; color: black; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">I taught calculus to premeds
2557. at Yeshiva University, to all-male classes of guys hell-bent on getting into
2558. medical school. This was a long time ago.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
2559. <div class="MsoNormal">
2560. <br /></div>
2561. <div class="MsoNormal">
2562. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="border: none; color: black; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">Some of them really got it and some of them didn't -
2563. but everyone was determined to get into medical school - that's all that
2564. mattered. Calculus was a "do-or-die" hurdle. Nobody ever showed up in
2565. my office to talk about how the course was making them rethink their life
2566. goals. There was plenty of "point grubbing" - everyone wanted to make
2567. sure they got the best possible test scores and therefore the best possible
2568. grade and therefore the best possible chance of getting into med school. But
2569. there was absolutely no evidence that anyone took the course as a serious
2570. indication of self-worth. Calculus was just a hurdle. It was just part of a big
2571. game called "succeeding in life" - or - "making it into the
2572. club"<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
2573. <div class="MsoNormal">
2574. <br /></div>
2575. <div class="MsoNormal">
2576. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="border: none; color: black; font-family: Geneva; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">A few years later I was teaching undergraduate courses
2577. in CS, and I was struck by how many bright students in my introductory
2578. programming course seemed to really take programming to heart. Turns out these
2579. were all female students, who had probably always gotten straight A's and were
2580. thoroughly traumatized by the anything less than an A. Getting a B on a test
2581. was enough to make them question their choice of major, their self-image, and
2582. their self-worth. The female students were just not playing the same game as
2583. the guys. They were actually internalizing all these test scores and then
2584. reacting accordingly. I've never seen a guy do that.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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2868. <div class="Default">
2869. <br /></div>
2870. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/1454053473650174193/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=1454053473650174193' title='5 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1454053473650174193'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1454053473650174193'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2018/03/best-way-to-oppress-women-more-math.html' title='Best way to oppress women: more math tests!'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>5</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-2345202140353348691</id><published>2018-02-27T12:52:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2018-02-27T12:52:35.274-05:00</updated><title type='text'>&quot;you are dying of kidney failure&quot; -- a lesson about AI BS</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;&quot;&gt;
2871. <br /></div>
2872. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
2873. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2874. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
2875. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2876. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2877. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2878. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2879. <span style="font-kerning: none;">This is a story about AI, but its starts off as a personal story.</span></div>
2880. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2881. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2882. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2883. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I returned to New York from a trip to the U.K. feeling very badly. I was guessing that I had a kidney stone but I had had those before and this seemed different. I didn’t have a doctor in New York, but a friend told me he could get someone to see me immediately. I saw him and then I got a call from him telling me I was very sick and I needed to see a kidney doctor right away. He set up the appointment for next day.  The kidney doctor examined me and told me that I was dying of kidney failure. Needless to say, I was upset.</span></div>
2884. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2885. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2886. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2887. <span style="font-kerning: none;">His nurse came in and asked me what the kidney doctor (who was listed as one of the top 100 doctors in New York by the way) had said. I told her and she said she had seen a lot of patients who were dying of kidney failure and I didn’t look like them at all. </span></div>
2888. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2889. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2890. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2891. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The doctor gave me a diet to follow which he said might help. I started it only to realize that it pretty much described how I normally ate. I returned to Florida getting sicker every day. Finally I called a wealthy friend who had a “concierge doctor” who agreed to see me. The doctor told me to get on the next plane to New York and go to Columbia Presbyterian. </span></div>
2892. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2893. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2894. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2895. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I went and met a kidney doctor there (Jai Radhakrishnan) who did something very strange — he listened. He asked me about every detail of my time in the U.K. and in New York and then told me that I was not dying of kidney failure. He said I had a very high Creatinine number which confused the other doctor because it is strongly associated with kidney failure, but what had actually happened to me was that both kidneys were blocked, one by a kidney stone and one because I had managed to dehydrate myself which caused a perfect storm. “Remove the kidney stone and you’ll be fine” he said, and they did and I was, and still am six years later.</span></div>
2896. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2897. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2898. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2899. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why am I telling this story?</span></div>
2900. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2901. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2902. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2903. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Today we hear endless AI BS as I often point out. Lately there has been a lot of BS about Ai and medicine. For example:</span></div>
2904. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2905. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2906. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2907. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://futurism.com/ai-medicine-doctor/">https://futurism.com/ai-medicine-doctor/</a></span></div>
2908. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
2909. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2910. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
2911. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2912. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2913. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://thenextweb.com/artificial-intelligence/2018/02/05/ai-is-giving-the-entire-medical-field-super-powers/">https://thenextweb.com/artificial-intelligence/2018/02/05/ai-is-giving-the-entire-medical-field-super-powers/</a></span></div>
2914. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px;">
2915. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2916. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2917. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2918. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2919. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What is the problem with this nonsense? One consistent problem with reporting on AI is that they say AI when they mean “a statistical algorithm.”  Computer programs can be written to examine reams of data more easily than a person can. This a good thing. But data is easily misunderstood by people (especially when they don’t understand the context), and you can be sure these “AI’s” won’t have a clue. The first kidney doctor I saw looked at a creatinine number over 5 and simply went no further. The nurse looked at me and compared me to other patients she had seen. The Columbia kidney doctor listened and used his vast knowledge of prior cases to reason from.</span></div>
2920. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2921. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2922. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2923. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Modern medicine is full of doctors who are already robotic. But good medicine is like any other subject that requires one to make judgements based on prior cases. You can follow rules, or you can think. The first kidney doctor (who I saw multiple times) never bothered to actually think.</span></div>
2924. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2925. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2926. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2927. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Years ago, in the last AI BS movement of the 1980’s, rule-based systems were all the rage. Doctors were interviewed and rules were extracted from them and then computers were given these rules. Suddenly there would be ‘expert systems’ and they would rule the world. VC’s dove in head first.</span></div>
2928. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2929. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2930. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2931. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I responded to this expert system nonsense with the idea of case-based reasoning. I said that people reason from past experience, and they do not use rules. (A doctor can glibly give you a rule when asked, but that doesn’t mean that they use that rule in decision making. People are notoriously bad at understanding how their own minds work.). </span></div>
2932. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2933. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2934. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2935. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You want a doctor who has seen a lot of cases similar to yours and can do what that nurse did: recognize something by really looking at the patient. The rule-based systems that caused the AI winter of the 1980’s and early 1990’s were promising to do something that people don’t do: to reason from rules. Now, modern day “AI” is proposing that it can reason from massive amounts of data that the computer really doesn’t understand (just like my <i>NYC Top Doctor</i> did).</span></div>
2936. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2937. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2938. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2939. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Case-based reasoning proposes that people store and index cases based on many factors and then get reminded of old cases when various factors partially match. Then, and this is the important part, they think about the prior cases more deeply and try to draw the lessons that they learned from the earlier cases to reason from.</span></div>
2940. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2941. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2942. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2943. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We had some success at building case-based reasoning programs and many others are still doing that, but when the funding dried up this became more difficult. This loss has been magnified by the current “AI” which has no way of reasoning from experience and can only promise conclusions based on data it really doesn’t understand. The current AI and medical programs would have had me dying as well.  </span></div>
2944. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2945. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2946. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2947. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Dr. Radhakrishnan did something very weird. He asked and he listened carefully to my answers. Until computers can do that they will not replace human doctors (or anyone else who needs to think actually.)</span></div>
2948. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2949. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2950. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2951. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Now, of course, I believe in AI. I worked in it my whole life. But the current AI fad promoted by the media and backed by VC’s can only lead to the very thing that people are afraid of: dumb computers replacing thinking people.  </span></div>
2952. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2953. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2954. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2955. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Do I think a computer could ever make a good diagnosis? I think they could, after thousands of cases have been analyzed and indexed so that they pop up at just the right moment, first to help a doctor make a decision, and then  after we are confident that our case base is deep and that the cases has been indexed properly, to actually make that decision if no doctor is available.  But, this isn’t being worked on at all (well, I still get to work on it from time to time) because of the AI winter of the 80’s.</span></div>
2956. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2957. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2958. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2959. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So, for now, we need to stop thinking AI will do anything important and ask instead if an algorithm might help us supply better data to doctors, (Of course, this still wouldn't  have helped in my case.) The algorithms need to be seen as data analytics not as “AI.”  In other words, current AI is only worthwhile if it can help people make better decisions.</span></div>
2960. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2961. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2962. <br />
2963. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2964. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I would love to work on building the AI doctor that is based on reasoning from cases, but alas, there is still no funding for that.(Too hard. No quick money to be made by investors.)</span></div>
2965. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/2345202140353348691/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=2345202140353348691' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/2345202140353348691'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/2345202140353348691'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2018/02/you-are-dying-of-kidney-failure-lesson.html' title='&quot;you are dying of kidney failure&quot; -- a lesson about AI BS'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-5623512348551152784</id><published>2018-01-24T09:04:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2018-01-24T09:04:54.900-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Please stop delivering content (and stop saying &quot;AI&quot; while you are at it)</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;&quot;&gt;
2966. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2967. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2968. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A friend and colleague, Donald Clark just published a blog about how AI will help deliver more content: </span></div>
2969. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2970. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2971. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2972. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://donaldclarkplanb.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/7-ways-africa-can-use-ai-to-leapfrog.html">http://donaldclarkplanb.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/7-ways-africa-can-use-ai-to-leapfrog.html</a></span></div>
2973. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2974. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2975. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2976. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2977. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2978. <span style="font-kerning: none;">He wants content to be created automatically so that it can be created quickly and then delivered. But why is that even worth thinking about? AI, at least as I understand it after having worked on it for 50 years, is about getting a computer to be able to discern what knowledge is relevant  based on analysis of the situation at hand. AI is not, nor should not be, about gathering words that the computer  doesn't understand, and then telling them to you. We can use AI to find information just in time based on analysis and understanding of what a user is trying to accomplish, and then determining what knowledge would help.  That is the kind of AI worth doing for education.  Tell me what I need to know because you (the computer) realize what I need to know that right now.</span></div>
2979. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2980. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2981. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2982. <span style="font-kerning: none;">But the real problem with his proposal is the very idea of the “delivery of content" in the first place. I never liked the metaphor that is in common use about delivery of content. But, now, I am concerned that this idea is totally out of control.</span></div>
2983. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2984. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2985. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2986. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>We need to deliver content shorter and faster</i></span></div>
2987. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2988. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
2989. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2990. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>We should use AI to deliver content</i></span></div>
2991. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2992. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
2993. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2994. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Presenters need to be more effective in delivering content</i></span></div>
2995. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
2996. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
2997. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
2998. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Last I heard, content delivery was an issue for internet service providers, or newspaper deliverers, or television broadcasters, to worry about.  I turn on the TV or the computer and content is delivered. Wonderful.</span></div>
2999. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3000. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3001. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3002. <span style="font-kerning: none;">But the notion of content delivery as a mechanism in education is simply wrong.</span></div>
3003. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3004. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3005. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3006. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Where did the idea of content delivery as education come from? The Romans are to blame for what we do in education. They were specialists in content delivery. The education system we have in place today comes from the Roman education system which was deigned to train orators in the Forum. Talk about content delivery!. Citizens competed with each other for whom could deliver content the best. They trained for doing that by the studying the <i>Artes Liberales</i>. Why learn literature or philosophy? So you can quote it when speaking in the Forum. Romans were very impressed by good speeches. And so, today, we have lectures and content delivery and an education system which is barely different from the one the Romans employed. Mathematics? It is in schools today because if you were a Roman who was speaking about land use, you needed to be able to make calculations about acreage.  </span></div>
3007. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3008. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3009. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3010. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Things have changed since Roman times of course. </span></div>
3011. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3012. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3013. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3014. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Really? Not so much.</span></div>
3015. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3016. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3017. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3018. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why does anyone think lecturing is an effective teaching method?  Actually, I am not really sure they really do.  Most people couldn't even name a lecture they heard ten years earlier much less can they recall it’s content. Lectures exist because they are seen as being cost effective.  Professors like to give them because they like hearing themselves speak.  And MOOCs? Don’t get me started.</span></div>
3019. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3020. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3021. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3022. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Classrooms exist to enable lecturing. But, today, we have new technology available. So, should we use it to more effectively deliver more content?   </span></div>
3023. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3024. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3025. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3026. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why should you use technology to deliver content when content delivery is a wrong-headed idea in the first place?  </span></div>
3027. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3028. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3029. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3030. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What should the role of AI in education? To answer this we need to go back to the Ancient Greeks. </span></div>
3031. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3032. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3033. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3034. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Real learning, as Plato pointed out, is done while doing, followed by lots of practice, New technologies can easily enable doing. We should be thinking about how to encourage students to be trying things out, as opposed to being receptacles for delivered content. Real teaching must be done Socratically. We  should never be telling anyone anything. (“What do you think the answer is? How would go about finding out? Try it.”)</span></div>
3035. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3036. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3037. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3038. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3039. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3040. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We need to hear about something just in time. Friends say things to you when what they feel that what they are about to say fits in with what was being talked about or they recognize that some missing knowledge would help you do what you want to do.  This is what good parenting looks like as well and it should be what good education looks like.</span></div>
3041. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3042. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3043. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3044. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Education is not about content delivery but about helping people try new things out.  We need more air flight simulators (but they should be able to help you when you are having trouble.)  </span></div>
3045. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3046. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3047. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3048. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We need to stop delivering content and start enabling experiences mediated by experts just in time.</span></div>
3049. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3050. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3051. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3052. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3053. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3054. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3055. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3056. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3057. <br />
3058. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3059. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3060. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/5623512348551152784/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=5623512348551152784' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5623512348551152784'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/5623512348551152784'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2018/01/please-stop-delivering-content-and-stop.html' title='Please stop delivering content (and stop saying &quot;AI&quot; while you are at it)'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-1337532200376761477</id><published>2017-12-20T10:28:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2017-12-20T10:28:04.098-05:00</updated><title type='text'>In 1995 I posted the Student&#39;s Bill of Rights. What has changed?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
3061. <span style="font-kerning: none;">More than 20 years ago I wrote something called <i>The Students Bill of Rights</i>. Harold Jarche tweeted it to someone yesterday and I realized it was still available online after all these years. I looked at the list and got very sad. What has changed in that period of time? Here is the list:</span></div>
3062. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3063. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3064. <ol>
3065. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>No student should have to take a multiple choice test or fill in the blanks test</b></span></li>
3066. </ol>
3067. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3068. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3069. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3070. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Something has changed in this area. Things have gotten worse. Now we have Common Core tests, and PISA tests, and every school being judged on how their students do on these tests. (It is a rare adult who could pass any of them.)</span></div>
3071. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3072. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3073. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3074. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>2. No student should have to learn something that fails to relate to a skill that is likely to be required after school.</b></span></div>
3075. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3076. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3077. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3078. <span style="font-kerning: none;">No good news here. We still teach phylla, balancing chemical equations, and the Quadratic Formula. The fact that almost no adult ever uses this hardly seems to matter to anyone in charge.</span></div>
3079. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3080. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3081. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3082. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>3. No student should be required to memorize anything that is likely to be will be forgotten in six months.</b></span></div>
3083. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3084. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3085. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3086. <span style="font-kerning: none;">No change here. Students invariably forget what they learn in school within six months. You cannot recall knowledge without constant practice that uses that knowledge. Since most of what we learn in high school we do not use later, it is mostly forgotten.</span></div>
3087. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3088. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3089. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3090. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>4. No student should be required to take a course where the goals of that course do not relate to the goals of the student.</b></span></div>
3091. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3092. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3093. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3094. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Good luck with changing this. Common Core and Ivy League admissions standards have taken all choice out of the hands of the student. Don’t want to take algebra? Too bad. Not interested in History? We don’t care. Now we have added coding to that list, which is almost certainly something hardly anyone will have to do in real life.</span></div>
3095. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3096. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3097. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3098. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>5. No student should have to spend time passively watching or listening to someone unless there is a longer period that is devoted to doing something related to what was heard or seen.</b></span></div>
3099. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3100. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3101. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3102. <span style="font-kerning: none;">This has simply gotten worse. Thank to MOOCs there are now more people promoting lectures.   “Online” education mostly involves listening, and reading, and answering questions. Doing is less important in school now than it was 20 years ago and it wasn’t very important then. We used to teach trade related things in school, for example. Now that everyone has to go to college, good luck with finding an electrician.</span></div>
3103. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3104. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
3105. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3106. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>6. No student should have to jump through arbitrary  hoops decided upon by a teacher or a school system.</b></span></div>
3107. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3108. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3109. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3110. <span style="font-kerning: none;">No change. Things are simply worse than ever in that regard. <i>Personalized learning </i>which should mean <i>we will help you learn what you want to learn,</i> really means we will keep hammering on you in order to make sure you pass the test.</span></div>
3111. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3112. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3113. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3114. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>7. No student should be required to continue to study something that he or she has already mastered.</b></span></div>
3115. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3116. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3117. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3118. <span style="font-kerning: none;">There has been some change here. Mastery learning is an accepted idea and some schools are allowing students to show they have mastered something and then allow them to push on after that. But, unfortunately that mastery is usually demonstrated by a multiple choice test.</span></div>
3119. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3120. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3121. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3122. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>8. No student should be required to learn something unless there is the possibility of that student being able to experiment in school with what he or she has learned.</b></span></div>
3123. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3124. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3125. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3126. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We rarely let students go out on their own to try things, which is sad because in the age of sophisticated computers they could go out and try things without leaving school. But the idea of allowing students to experiment (by that I do not mean running an experiment where it is already known how it turns out) is rarely tried.</span></div>
3127. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3128. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
3129. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3130. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>9. No student should be barred from engaging in activities that interest him or her because  of some breadth requirements defined by the school.</b></span></div>
3131. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3132. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3133. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3134. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why does a college require Art History of all students? Real reason: because they don’t want to have to fire the art history faculty because no one is interested in the courses they teach. So their courses are required. My son was prevent from taking transportation related course (which was, and is, his main interest) by Columbia University because they required that he take something called ArtHum. I told him to blow it off and he got way with it, but this isn’t always easy to do. Breadth requirements are always about making sure that there are students for faculty to each so that they can retain their jobs.</span></div>
3135. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3136. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3137. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3138. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>10. No student should be placed in the situation of having to air his or her views on a subject where the opposing view is not also well represented.</b></span></div>
3139. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3140. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3141. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3142. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Arguing and defending one’s ideas is something one could, and should, learn in school. But there is almost  always a right answer that the teacher believes in, or the school system believes in, or that the other kids will try to enforce. School should be a place where you can say what you want without penalty. If anything, this situation has gotten worse with the advent of safe spaces and political correctness.</span></div>
3143. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3144. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3145. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3146. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3147. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3148. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3149. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3150. <span style="font-kerning: none;">School is all about marching in step rather than about self discovery. This is very sad. The enforcers of this in the U.S. are the Ivy League colleges. They define what every student must take in high school and continue with that rigidity through the first few years of college. Freedom to learn what you want, when you want, is what school should be about, but it simply isn't easy to find places that allow that.</span></div>
3151. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3152. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3153. <br />
3154. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3155. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Online education, conceived correctly, can allow students to choose from any number of things that can be learned by doing. But, professors do not want change. They like not having to really work at teaching.</span></div>
3156. <div>
3157. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><br /></span></div>
3158. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/1337532200376761477/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=1337532200376761477' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1337532200376761477'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/1337532200376761477'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2017/12/in-1995-i-posted-students-bill-of.html' title='In 1995 I posted the Student&#39;s Bill of Rights. What has changed?'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-7870385215460578428</id><published>2017-12-06T10:03:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2017-12-06T10:03:36.506-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Meghan Markle&#39;s Big Test</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
3159. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I was amused by the news that Meghan Markle needs to take a UK citizenship test in order to marry  her Prince.   The NY Times printed one for us so we could know what she had to learn:</span></div>
3160. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3161. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3162. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3163. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/12/02/world/europe/british-citizenship-test.html?_r=0">https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/12/02/world/europe/british-citizenship-test.html?_r=0</a></span></div>
3164. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3165. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3166. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3167. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here are my favorite questions. I like them because  I don't know the answers to them.  I believe they are beyond idiotic and in no way a test of whether is one is fit to be a citizen:</span></div>
3168. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3169. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3170. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3171. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3172. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3173. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The Union Jack contains which cross?</span></div>
3174. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3175. <span style="font-kerning: none;">St. George’s</span></div>
3176. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3177. <span style="font-kerning: none;">St. Peter’s</span></div>
3178. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3179. <span style="font-kerning: none;">St. John’s</span></div>
3180. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3181. <span style="font-kerning: none;">St. Thomas's</span></div>
3182. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3183. <br /></div>
3184. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3185. <span style="font-kerning: none;">How long did the Hundred Years War actually last?</span></div>
3186. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3187. <span style="font-kerning: none;">99 years</span></div>
3188. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3189. <span style="font-kerning: none;">116 years</span></div>
3190. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3191. <span style="font-kerning: none;">200 years</span></div>
3192. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3193. <span style="font-kerning: none;">75 years</span></div>
3194. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 29px;">
3195. <br /></div>
3196. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3197. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Which is not a cricket term?</span></div>
3198. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3199. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Maiden over</span></div>
3200. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3201. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Sticky wicket</span></div>
3202. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3203. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Virgin bat</span></div>
3204. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3205. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Bowled a googly</span></div>
3206. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 29px;">
3207. <br /></div>
3208. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3209. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Who built the Tower of London?</span></div>
3210. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3211. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Dame Zaha Hadid</span></div>
3212. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3213. <span style="font-kerning: none;">William the Conqueror</span></div>
3214. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3215. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Sir Norman Foster</span></div>
3216. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3217. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Lancelot “Capability” Brown</span></div>
3218. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 29px;">
3219. <br /></div>
3220. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3221. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The Butler Act of 1944 did what?</span></div>
3222. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3223. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Enshrined into law the rights of butlers to have first pick of a cottage on the land of their employers upon retirement</span></div>
3224. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3225. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Establish a lifetime pension for servants of the monarchy</span></div>
3226. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3227. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Provided free education for servants’ children</span></div>
3228. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3229. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Provided free secondary school education for all children in England and Wales</span></div>
3230. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 29px;">
3231. <br /></div>
3232. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3233. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Where was Shakespeare born?</span></div>
3234. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3235. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Essex, England</span></div>
3236. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3237. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Gloucestershire, England</span></div>
3238. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3239. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Stratford-upon-Avon, England</span></div>
3240. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3241. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Manchester, England</span></div>
3242. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3243. <br /></div>
3244. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 29px;">
3245. <span style="font-kerning: none;">  </span></div>
3246. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3247. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The British Royal Navy fought the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 against:</span></div>
3248. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3249. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The combined French and Spanish navies</span></div>
3250. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3251. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Italy</span></div>
3252. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3253. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Spain</span></div>
3254. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3255. <span style="font-kerning: none;">France</span></div>
3256. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3257. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3258. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3259. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Why do Britons eat pancakes on Shrove Tuesday?</span></div>
3260. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3261. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3262. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3263. <span style="font-kerning: none;">To begin the new season of “The Great British Bake Off”</span></div>
3264. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3265. <span style="font-kerning: none;">To honor Ireland</span></div>
3266. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3267. <span style="font-kerning: none;">To use up all the eggs, milk and fat in the home before fasting for Lent</span></div>
3268. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3269. <span style="font-kerning: none;">To prepare for marathons</span></div>
3270. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3271. <br /></div>
3272. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3273. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The distance between John O’Groats on the north coast of Scotland and Land’s End in the southwest of England is:</span></div>
3274. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3275. <span style="font-kerning: none;">870 miles</span></div>
3276. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3277. <span style="font-kerning: none;">1,000 miles</span></div>
3278. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3279. <span style="font-kerning: none;">650 miles</span></div>
3280. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3281. <span style="font-kerning: none;">999 miles</span></div>
3282. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3283. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3284. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3285. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What did the Chartists campaign for in the 1800s?</span></div>
3286. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3287. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Women’s right to vote</span></div>
3288. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3289. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The right to vote for 18-year-olds</span></div>
3290. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3291. <span style="font-kerning: none;">To raise the voting age to 21</span></div>
3292. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3293. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The right to vote for all men, including those from the working class</span></div>
3294. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 29px;">
3295. <br /></div>
3296. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(102, 102, 102); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 29px;">
3297. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); color: #333333;"> </span><span style="font-kerning: none;"> </span></div>
3298. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3299. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What’s not true about British television?</span></div>
3300. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3301. <span style="font-kerning: none;">U.K. households need a TV license to watch live TV, even on a computer or smartphone</span></div>
3302. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3303. <span style="font-kerning: none;">You can be fined up to 1,000 pounds if you watch live TV without a license</span></div>
3304. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3305. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Blind people get a 50 percent discount for a TV license</span></div>
3306. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3307. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The BBC is the second-largest broadcaster in the world</span></div>
3308. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3309. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3310. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3311. <br /></div>
3312. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3313. <span style="font-kerning: none;">In the 1960s, when a woman got married, it was not unusual for:</span></div>
3314. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3315. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The church to demand she no longer work</span></div>
3316. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3317. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Her employer to cut her wages</span></div>
3318. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3319. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Her employer to shower her with maternity pay and child-care vouchers</span></div>
3320. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3321. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Her employer to ask her to quit her job</span></div>
3322. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3323. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3324. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(5, 62, 105); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #eaf2f9; color: #053e69; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3325. <br /></div>
3326. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(68, 68, 68); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #444444; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3327. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Of course I am not British but I have spent a fair amount of time in the U.K. Oddly none of this ever came up. Just to be clear, we have a citizenship test in the U.S. too, which is just stupid. Here are some questions from it:</span></div>
3328. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(68, 68, 68); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #444444; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3329. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3330. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3331. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What is the "rule of law"?</span></div>
3332. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 102, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #006699; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
3333. <br /></div>
3334. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3335. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A Everyone but the President must follow the law.</span></div>
3336. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3337. <span style="font-kerning: none;">B Government does not have to follow the law.</span></div>
3338. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3339. <span style="font-kerning: none;">C Everyone must follow the law.</span></div>
3340. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3341. <span style="font-kerning: none;">D All laws must be the same in every state.</span></div>
3342. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
3343. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3344. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(68, 68, 68); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
3345. <br /></div>
3346. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3347. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?</span></div>
3348. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 102, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #006699; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 20px;">
3349. <br /></div>
3350. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3351. <span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">A youngest mem</span><span style="font-kerning: none;">ber of the Constitutional Convention</span></div>
3352. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3353. <span style="font-kerning: none;">B inventor of the airplane</span></div>
3354. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3355. <span style="font-kerning: none;">C third president of the United States</span></div>
3356. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3357. <span style="font-kerning: none;">D U.S. diplomat</span></div>
3358. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3359. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3360. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3361. <br /></div>
3362. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3363. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The House of Representatives has how many voting members?</span></div>
3364. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 102, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #006699; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3365. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></div>
3366. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 102, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #006699; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3367. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"></span><br /></div>
3368. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(69, 117, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #457500; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3369. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A</span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;"> </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">four hundred thirty-five (435) </span></div>
3370. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3371. <span style="font-kerning: none;">B four hundred forty-one (441)</span></div>
3372. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3373. <span style="font-kerning: none;">C two hundred (200)</span></div>
3374. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(204, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc3333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3375. <span style="font-kerning: none;">D</span><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;"> </span><span style="font-kerning: none;">one hundred (100)</span></div>
3376. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(204, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #cc3333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3377. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3378. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(68, 68, 68); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3379. <br /></div>
3380. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3381. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?</span></div>
3382. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 102, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #006699; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3383. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">  </span></div>
3384. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3385. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A Atlantic Ocean</span></div>
3386. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3387. <span style="font-kerning: none;">B Indian Ocean</span></div>
3388. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3389. <span style="font-kerning: none;">C Pacific Ocean</span></div>
3390. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3391. <span style="font-kerning: none;">D Arctic Ocean</span></div>
3392. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3393. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3394. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(68, 68, 68); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #444444; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3395. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3396. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3397. <br /></div>
3398. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3399. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?</span></div>
3400. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 102, 153); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #006699; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 19px;">
3401. <br /></div>
3402. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3403. <span style="font-kerning: none;">A the Louisiana Territory</span></div>
3404. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3405. <span style="font-kerning: none;">B Alaska</span></div>
3406. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3407. <span style="font-kerning: none;">C Hawaii</span></div>
3408. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3409. <span style="font-kerning: none;">D Quebec</span></div>
3410. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
3411. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3412. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3413. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3414. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3415. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I happen to be staring at the above mentioned ocean as I write this. I know its name, so I could pass the test, but how is that something that indicates that I am a good citizen of the U.S.? Wouldn't the real questions be whether I was willing to help my country if called upon to do so, and if I am good local citizen, a good neighbor for example, someone willing to help others in their time of need? I am rather sure that terrorists know the name of the oceans bordering the U.S. I am also quite sure that not knowing the number of representatives in the House means absolutely nothing with respect to being a good citizen.</span></div>
3416. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3417. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3418. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3419. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So what are they really asking Meghan Markle to do? First they are asking her to make up for the fact that she didn't study British history in high school. What did she miss out on by growing up in the U.S.? Here are thing she surely missed out on learning:</span></div>
3420. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3421. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3422. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3423. <span style="font-kerning: none;">1.Who the chartists were</span></div>
3424. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3425. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3426. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3427. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I had no idea. Then I did something radical. I Googled it. Now I know. Except I have already forgotten it because I don’t care.</span></div>
3428. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3429. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3430. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3431. <span style="font-kerning: none;">2. The distance between someplace in the U.K. to another place in the U.K.</span></div>
3432. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3433. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3434. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3435. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I will not Google that. How could that possibly matter to me (or to Meghan)?</span></div>
3436. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3437. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3438. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3439. <span style="font-kerning: none;">3. Who built the Tower of London.</span></div>
3440. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3441. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3442. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3443. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I have been there are few times so I guess some tour guide mentioned it, but here again I don’t care. Should Meghan care?</span></div>
3444. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3445. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3446. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3447. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Now, that is the real question. I can well see that the British might care that Meghan know a great deal about the new country she will be living in and representing. The questions in this test might actually matter to her in her new life. But to every immigrant wanting to become a British citizen? That makes no sense at all.</span></div>
3448. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3449. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3450. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3451. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Yes, we have school. And school is about indoctrination. So what the demand that she pass this test is really about is that it would look funny if she didn’t know the stuff that every British school child has had to memorize.</span></div>
3452. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3453. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3454. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3455. <span style="font-kerning: none;">It does make sense for her to learn some British history. And certainly she needs to know that she will need a license for her TV in the U.K. because surely that will be her responsibility in her new castle.</span></div>
3456. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3457. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3458. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3459. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Of course, the real question is that if you are going to make people take a citizenship test, which makes no sense, but governments are rarely trying to make sense, what should be on it? Here are some suggestions.</span></div>
3460. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3461. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3462. <ol>
3463. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Questions about empathy for others</span></li>
3464. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Questions about one’s willingness to sacrifice for others</span></li>
3465. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Questions about one’s responsibilities in society</span></li>
3466. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Questions about one’s country’s responsibilities in the world </span></li>
3467. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Questions about what a citizen can do to take action on things that he or she cares about.</span></li>
3468. <li style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; margin: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span><span style="background-color: white; font-kerning: none;">Questions about one’s civil rights and protections offered by the government .</span></li>
3469. </ol>
3470. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3471. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3472. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3473. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3474. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3475. <span style="font-kerning: none;">There are things citizens should know about their new country. But these tests are pure nonsense, as is every multiple choice test that has ever been created. In real life we don’t take quizzes. As I have said before, the only government agency that gets it about tests is the bureau that issues drivers licenses and they only half get it. They have two tests. One that is completely idiotic, and another that actually tests to see if you can drive. </span></div>
3476. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3477. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3478. <br />
3479. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3480. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The time has come to abandon multiple choice tests in every area of life, forever. Put people in situations (in simulation, or in real life) and see if they can do it.  No one needs to know how long the Hundred Year War lasted. </span></div>
3481. <div>
3482. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><br /></span></div>
3483. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/7870385215460578428/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=7870385215460578428' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/7870385215460578428'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/7870385215460578428'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2017/12/meghan-markles-big-test.html' title='Meghan Markle&#39;s Big Test'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-7234215287311733356</id><published>2017-11-20T09:59:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2017-11-20T09:59:03.738-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Sexual Harassment Training? You must be kidding me</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
3484. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I feel inspired to tell an old story because of a story I read in the Washington Post yesterday:</span></div>
3485. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
3486. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3487. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(42, 42, 42); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3488. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b>What’s the point of sexual harassment training? Often, to protect employers.</b></span></div>
3489. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(42, 42, 42); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
3490. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
3491. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(42, 42, 42); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3492. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/whats-the-point-of-sexual-harassment-training-often-to-protect-employers/2017/11/17/18cd631e-c97c-11e7-aa96-54417592cf72_story.html?tid=ss_tw-bottom&utm_term=.c269082a4d71"><b>https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/whats-the-point-of-sexual-harassment-training-often-to-protect-employers/2017/11/17/18cd631e-c97c-11e7-aa96-54417592cf72_story.html?tid=ss_tw-bottom&utm_term=.c269082a4d71</b></a></span></div>
3493. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(42, 42, 42); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 24px;">
3494. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><b></b></span><br /></div>
3495. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3496. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Here is one paragraph from that article:</span></div>
3497. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3498. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3499. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3500. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Unfortunately, there is little evidence that training reduces sexual harassment. Rather, training programs, along with anti-harassment policies and reporting procedures, do more to shield employers from liability than to protect employees from harassment. And the clearest message they send is to the courts: Nothing to see here, folks.</i></span></div>
3501. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3502. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3503. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3504. <span style="font-kerning: none;">About 20 years ago, my company had a contract for building training (it wasn’t then called e-learning) on the computer for a company which was at the time one of the biggest technology firms in the world. We built a lot of things for them that they liked a great deal. Then, they asked us to build a sexual harassment training course. My model for building courses was, and is, to create as realistic a simulation as we can so trainees can try and fail. Then, and now, I believed that we learn by doing and cannot learn from being told. But, this contract presented a problem.</span></div>
3505. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3506. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3507. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3508. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What could we build? The obvious choice was to build a fictional attractive woman and then put the student in a situation where he might want to harass her in some way. This idea was so profoundly stupid that there was no way we would build that. We needed to think of something else.</span></div>
3509. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3510. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3511. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3512. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We often hear about training that works great to deal with compliance issues. Here is something  I found in the National Review on diversity training:</span></div>
3513. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3514. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3515. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3516. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>In the United States, it’s just a fact that you’re supposed to arrive on time to your appointments. According to materials from a diversity-training course at Clemson University, it’s culturally insensitive to expect people to show up on time because “time may be considered fluid” in some cultures. Clemson’s “Diversity Benefits for Higher Education” initiative — which cost the school more than $25,000, according to Campus Reform — presents its participants with slides featuring hypothetical scenarios, and asks them to select the correct, culturally sensitive action from a list of options. “Alejandro scheduled a 9:00 a.m. meeting with two groups of visiting professors and students from other countries,” one of the scenarios states. “When he arrived, he found that the first group had been waiting for fifteen minutes.” “The second group arrived at 9:10 and wanted to socialize first,” it continues. “What should Alejandro do?”  </i></span></div>
3517. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(17, 17, 17); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #111111; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3518. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3519. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3520. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>The slide then lists three options: </i></span></div>
3521. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3522. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3523. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3524. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>1.  “Politely ask the second group to apologize.” </i></span></div>
3525. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3526. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3527. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3528. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>2.  “Explain, ‘In our country, 9:00 a.m. means 9:00 a.m.’” </i></span></div>
3529. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3530. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3531. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3532. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i> 3.  “As the meeting organizer, he should recognize cultural differences that may impact the meeting and adjust accordingly.” </i></span></div>
3533. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3534. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3535. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3536. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>The correct answer, according to the slide, is option three.</i></span></div>
3537. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3538. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3539. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3540. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>The correct answer, according to the slide, is option three. “Time may be considered precise or fluid depending on the culture,” the slide explains. “For Alejandro to bring three cultures together he must start from a place of respect, understanding that his cultural perspective regarding time is is neither more nor less valid than any other.” Sorry, but — nope.</i></span></div>
3541. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3542. <br /></div>
3543. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3544. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Sorry to say that that is the kind of “training”  that our client expected. But, sorry, I won’t do it that way. You can’t learn by being told the right answer.</span></div>
3545. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3546. <span style="font-kerning: none;">But, you can learn from doing so we had to come up with some doing. </span></div>
3547. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3548. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3549. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3550. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We decided to “train” students to do something that they would never have to actually do in real life. We trained then to be sexual harassment adjudicators. Cases were presented to them, (both sides of the story) and they had to determine, by consulting the company’s guidelines, whether this was a case of sexual harassment, and if so, what to do about it. It was an interesting course and the students really enjoyed it. Moreover, the company really liked it. They had expected nothing like it. It was fun and it seemed to  work.</span></div>
3551. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3552. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3553. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3554. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Except, well, our point of contact at the client was a very attractive woman. She dressed in a way that called attention to herself. She was also a friend of mine (which is how we got the work.) At the end, she told me that her two male bosses (whom I knew because we were working with them) had been harassing her the entire time that we were building this course.</span></div>
3555. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3556. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Compliance training is “often to protect employers”? No. It is always built to protect employers.</span></div>
3557. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3558. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3559. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3560. <span style="font-kerning: none;">This from the Los Angeles Times:</span></div>
3561. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3562. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3563. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3564. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-james-damore-google-20170809-story.html">http://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-james-damore-google-20170809-story.html<span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: black; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"></span></a></span></div>
3565. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3566. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3567. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3568. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3569. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3570. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Former Google employee James Damore was supposed to come away enlightened by his diversity training, armed with a newfound sense of empathy for colleagues who did not look like him, a white male.</i></span></div>
3571. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 21px;">
3572. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3573. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3574. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>Instead, the software engineer was so enraged by the experience he decided to write a now-infamous 3,000-word memo on a flight to China railing against Google’s “ideological echo chamber” and arguing that women land fewer tech jobs because of biological differences.</i></span></div>
3575. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 21px;">
3576. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i></i></span><br /></div>
3577. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3578. <span style="font-kerning: none;"><i>“I went to a diversity program at Google and … I heard things that I definitely disagreed with,” Damore, 28, </i><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TN1vEfqHGro"><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; -webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(69, 145, 184); color: #4591b8; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"><i>told Stefan Molyneux, a libertarian podcaster and author</i></span></a><i>. Damore said he had some conversations at the program, but “there was a lot of, just, shaming — ‘No, you can’t say that, that’s sexist’; ‘You can’t do this.’… There’s just so much hypocrisy in a lot of the things that they’re saying.”</i></span></div>
3579. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3580. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3581. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3582. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Much of what companies build for training purposes is just meant to tell employees the “truth.” But, it turns out you can tell people anything you want to tell them, but they are likely to forget it, they may often disagree with it, and you aren’t going to change their prejudices or natural inclinations by talking at them. But, we are really used to this kind of “education"  (which I like to refer to as TT&TT tell them and test them) so that is what people build.</span></div>
3583. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3584. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3585. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3586. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The issue here is not about compliance training, which is almost always nonsense, but about education itself. We need to get past TT &TT. We need to do it in corporate training, and we need to do it in school. Can we?  Only if we realize that “one size fits all” is not an educational philosophy. People are different and we need to deal with those differences. We don’t have to accept bad behavior, but neither will it go away by TT&TT. It won’t even go away if you build interesting simulated experiences.</span></div>
3587. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3588. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3589. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3590. <span style="font-kerning: none;">What can we do? One method we use is <i>Observe and Critique </i>which we have used for years. A good example can be seen here: (It is training  we built to teach doctors how to talk to their patients about cancer.).</span></div>
3591. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3592. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3593. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3594. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.socraticarts.com/solutions/technology-solutions/observe-and-critique"><i>https://www.socraticarts.com/solutions/technology-solutions/observe-and-critique</i><span style="-webkit-font-kerning: none; color: #333333; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"><i></i></span></a></span></div>
3595. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 22px;">
3596. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3597. <br />
3598. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3599. <span style="font-kerning: none;">The difference here is obvious. Doctors would like to learn how to talk properly to patients, one would assume. What you cannot assume, is that trainees want to learn what you are teaching them. If they don’t want to learn it, you can be sure they won't learn it. </span></div>
3600. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/7234215287311733356/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=7234215287311733356' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/7234215287311733356'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/7234215287311733356'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2017/11/sexual-harassment-training-you-must-be.html' title='Sexual Harassment Training? You must be kidding me'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7072440028440011959.post-8342820174243682426</id><published>2017-09-27T13:55:00.002-04:00</published><updated>2017-09-27T13:55:49.547-04:00</updated><title type='text'>If you build it they won&#39;t come; making the schools change is hard</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: &amp;quot;Helvetica Neue&amp;quot;; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;
3601. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Yesterday there was announcement about the urgency of teaching computer science in K-12:</span></div>
3602. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3603. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3604. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3605. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/26/technology/computer-science-stem-education.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/26/technology/computer-science-stem-education.html</a></span></div>
3606. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3607. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3608. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3609. <span style="font-kerning: none;">I don’t know about the “urgency” but I can say that we have already built what the schools need: a year long all day, everyday, intensive online, mentored, deep dive into learning to program:</span></div>
3610. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3611. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3612. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3613. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.xtolcorp.com/Software-Development">https://www.xtolcorp.com/Software-Development</a></span></div>
3614. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3615. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3616. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3617. <span style="font-kerning: none;">All the companies that say they want to help need to know where the problem lies. If you build it, they won’t come. </span></div>
3618. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3619. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3620. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3621. <span style="font-kerning: none;">How can you get the schools to launch something like what we built? You can’t. You would have to eliminate one of the sacred liberal arts subjects that we all endured in high school. Throw out history or literature or chemistry? Not happening. Until Harvard stops requiring these subjects of its applicants, no one can make a single change.</span></div>
3622. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3623. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3624. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3625. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Apart from the sacred subjects we also have the sacred notion of a “course.” A course is one of five students take at the same time, and therefore needs to be taught one hour each day. You can’t really learn to program except by programming a lot. Listening to the teacher talk (who probably does not know how to program anyway) and then coding at night for an hour will not turn a kid into a programmer.</span></div>
3626. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3627. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3628. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3629. <span style="font-kerning: none;">As it happens, I met Monday with a college (who I will not name) that understands the urgency of cybersecurity and wants their students to be able to learn about it. So, they have a course or two to offer. We have another deep dive (a six months all day intensive online mentored learn by doing course.) </span></div>
3630. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3631. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3632. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3633. <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://www.schankacademy.com/cyber-attack-academy">https://www.schankacademy.com/cyber-attack-academy</a></span></div>
3634. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3635. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3636. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3637. <span style="font-kerning: none;">Can this school offer it? Of course not. The faculty would never agree to such a thing. Professors want to teach 3 hours a week. They won’t agree to teach more hours and none will agree to the idea of a student doing only one thing in a semester.</span></div>
3638. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3639. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3640. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3641. <span style="font-kerning: none;">So, while I am heartened by the idea that the government and industry would like to help the schools change, it is important to remember that the schools do not want to change.</span></div>
3642. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3643. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3644. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3645. <span style="font-kerning: none;">All that money would best be spent on building new schools that don’t have an embedded faculty with vested interests. And, until we abandon Common Core (ironically Bill Gates’ contribution to education), we will not have computer science in the schools in any serious way. </span></div>
3646. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; min-height: 23px;">
3647. <span style="font-kerning: none;"></span><br /></div>
3648. <br />
3649. <div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; font-size: 19px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
3650. <span style="font-kerning: none;">We need to get rid of the subjects we teach in school and the way school is structured. Only then can we introduce real change. And while we are at it, we must make Harvard come up with requirements that do not reflect Roman ideas about liberal arts education.t come</span></div>
3651. </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/feeds/8342820174243682426/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=7072440028440011959&amp;postID=8342820174243682426' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/8342820174243682426'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7072440028440011959/posts/default/8342820174243682426'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://educationoutrage.blogspot.com/2017/09/if-you-build-it-they-wont-come-making.html' title='If you build it they won&#39;t come; making the schools change is hard'/><author><name>Roger Schank</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/14567989582447087635</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='21' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiCyaLPSKDH-J3bm5UVkmVNVykgZqwIkcvWvX3ZIZEqBvt3wJWW2vyBmBkmDvUCdXn07_UmCRQOe5lBlaOU1XaZoIsMq5aYMurj4WrNQZrp9lSJsqv32sDuj0ag_HmuC8/s220/DSC_0156.jpg'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>