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  16. __ez.queue.addFunc("productAnalytics","productAnalytics",null,true,['ezaqBaseReady'],false,false,false,true);</script><base href=https://toolstud.io/><title>Toolstud.io calculators and converters · toolstud.io</title><meta http-equiv=x-ua-compatible content="IE=edge"><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=description content="Color conversion, bandwidth calculator, photo/video bitrate/filesize, aspect ratio/composition/dept-of-field, bpm, html charmap"><meta name=keywords content="Color conversion,bandwidth calculator,photo/video bitrate/filesize,aspect ratio/composition/dept-of-field,bpm,html charmap"><meta name=author content="Peter Forret"><meta name=advertising content="disable"><meta property="og:image" content="https://toolstud.io/_img/toolstudio.300.png"><meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://toolstud.io/_img/toolstudio.300.png"><meta name=google-site-verification content="oIQ8hhCyFTwyjuOj6lMWZhSdyTYKf-msgkumL5uphMk"><link rel=stylesheet href="/_assets/bootstrap/bootswatch/bootstrap.flatly.css?ez_used_css_s=13"><link href="/_assets/fontawesome/css/all.min.css?ez_used_css_s=13" rel=stylesheet><script defer src=/_assets/bootstrap/jquery.slim.min.js></script><script defer src=/_assets/bootstrap/bootstrap.bundle.min.js></script><link href="/site.css?ez_used_css_s=13" rel=stylesheet><link href="/print.css?ez_used_css_s=13" rel=stylesheet media=print><link rel=apple-touch-icon sizes=72x72 href=/_img/android-chrome-192x192.png><link rel=apple-touch-icon sizes=120x120 href=/_img/android-chrome-192x192.png><link rel=apple-touch-icon sizes=180x180 href=/_img/android-chrome-192x192.png><link rel=icon type=image/png sizes=192x192 href=/_img/android-chrome-192x192.png><link rel=icon type=image/png sizes=96x96 href=/_img/android-chrome-192x192.png><meta name=theme-color content="#ffffff"><script>var ezoTemplate='pub_site';var ezouid='1';var ezoFormfactor='1';</script><script data-ezscrex=false>var soc_app_id='0';var did=125629;var ezdomain='toolstud.io';var ezoicSearchable=1;</script><script src="https://the.gatekeeperconsent.com/ccpa/v2/ccpaplus.js?cb=10" async></script><link rel=canonical href=https://toolstud.io/></head><body><script>__ez.queue.addFile('/detroitchicago/omaha.js','/detroitchicago/omaha.js?gcb=7&cb=7',true,[],true,false,true,false);</script><nav id=nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-primary"><div class=container><a class=navbar-brand href=/><i class="fas fa-home"></i></a><button class=navbar-toggler type=button data-toggle=collapse data-target=#nb aria-controls=nb aria-expanded=false aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class=navbar-toggler-icon></span></button><div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id=nb><ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto"><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>About<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=//><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"About" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="New tools and other announcements" href=https://blog.toolstud.io/><i class="fas fa-wrench"></i>Development blog</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Remarks about this site? Let me know!" href=/about/contact.php><i class="fas fa-envelope"></i>Contact</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="How toolstud.io grew since 2006 until now" href=https://blog.toolstud.io/history/><i class="fas fa-history"></i>History</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Privacy statement (GDPR compliant)" href=/about/privacy.php><i class="fas fa-gavel"></i>Privacy Statement</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Terms & conditions" href=/about/terms.php><i class="fas fa-gavel"></i>Terms & Conditions</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Show me how I can use these tools" href=/examples.php><i class="fas fa-flask"></i>How to use the tools</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Color<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/color/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Color" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Convert CMYK color → RGB, HSV, XYZ" href=/color/cmyk.php><i class="fas fa-paint-brush"></i>CMYK conversion</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="List of named HTML colors" href=/color/htmlcolors.php><i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i>HTML Color list</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Convert RGB color → CMYK, HSV, XYZ" href=/color/rgb.php><i class="fas fa-paint-brush fa-flip-horizontal"></i>RGB conversion</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="List of websafe colors" href=/color/websafe.php><i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i>Websafe Color list</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Data<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/data/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Data" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Convert Mbps ⇆ KB/s, GB/day, TB/week" href=/data/bandwidth.php><i class="fas fa-exchange-alt"></i>Bandwidth convert</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate download time from bandwidth & file size" href=/data/download.php><i class="fas fa-clock"></i>Download calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate file size from bandwidth & time" href=/data/filesize.php><i class="fas fa-hdd"></i>Data size calculator</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Finance<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/finance/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Finance" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="How much $ does your EV car use in kWh per year?" href=/finance/electriccar.php><i class="fas fa-bolt"></i>EV mileage calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="How much $ does your car fuel cost per year?" href=/finance/mileage.php><i class="fas fa-car"></i>Fuel Cost calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="How much $ does your heating gas cost?" href=/finance/naturalgas.php><i class="fas fa-fire"></i>Natural Gas calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate monthly payments for a mortgage loan" href=/finance/mortgage.php><i class="fas fa-credit-card"></i>Mortgage loan calculator</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Music<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/music/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Music" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Convert BPM to Hz, bar length, fractions" href=/music/bpm.php><i class="fas fa-drum"></i>Beats-per-minute</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate audio delay length in msec" href=/music/delay.php><i class="fas fa-redo"></i>Audio delay</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Convert pitch to musical note and wavelength" href=/music/hertz.php><i class="fas fa-wave-square"></i>Music Frequency</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate song length from BPM" href=/music/song-length.php><i class="fas fa-clock"></i>Song length</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Generate scales with frequencies" href=/music/scale.php><i class="fas fa-music"></i>Music Scale</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Tap to find the BPM of a song or a heartbeat" href=/music/bpmcount.php><i class="fas fa-heartbeat"></i>Tap your tempo</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Photo<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/photo/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Photo" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Image Width x Height → aspect ratio" href=/photo/aspect.php><i class="fas fa-compress"></i>Aspect ratio</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Fit an image on a screen" href=/photo/aspect_fit.php><i class="fas fa-desktop"></i>Aspect Fit</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Focal length, distance, crop factor → image composition" href=/photo/composition.php><i class="fas fa-user"></i>Composition Calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Aperture, focal length, distance, crop → depth-of-field" href=/photo/dof.php><i class="fas fa-camera"></i>Depth-of-Field Calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Print Width x Height and dpi → megapixels" href=/photo/dpi.php><i class="fas fa-print"></i>DPI calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Image Width x Height JPG/RAW/PNG → bytes" href=/photo/filesize.php><i class="fas fa-file-image"></i>Image filesize calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Aperture, shutter time, ISO → Exposure Value" href=/photo/light.php><i class="fas fa-sun"></i>Light calculator (EV)</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Image Width x Height → megapixels" href=/photo/megapixel.php><i class="fas fa-calculator"></i>Megapixel calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="See megapixels in different aspect ratios" href=/photo/megaspect.php><i class="fas fa-images"></i>Megapixel Aspects</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="portrait distance, composition, crop factor, focal length" href=/photo/portrait.php><i class="fas fa-user"></i>Portrait distance</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Physics<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/calculate/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Physics" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Convert m/s² into in/s², g" href=/calculate/acceleration.php><i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt"></i>Acceleration calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="What does the kWh of a battery mean?" href=/calculate/battery.php><i class="fas fa-battery-half"></i>Battery Capacity (Wh)</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Speed x time → distance" href=/calculate/distance.php><i class="fas fa-plane"></i>Distance calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Exponential growth / logarithmic decay" href=/calculate/exponential.php><i class="fas fa-chart-line"></i>Exponential growth</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Deliberate practice according to Malcolm Gladwell" href=/calculate/practice.php><i class="fas fa-trophy"></i>Gladwell's 10000 hours</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="m/s ⇆ km/h, mph, mach" href=/calculate/speed.php><i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt"></i>Speed converter</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate your carbon footprint in ton C0<sub>2</sub>/year" href=/climate/tco2e.php><i class="fas fa-leaf"></i>tCO2e Calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Hertz -> wavelength, spectrum" href=/calculate/frequency.php><i class="fas fa-tty"></i>Frequency Calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Volt x Amp → Watt, kWh, Ah, Joule, calorie" href=/data/power.php><i class="fas fa-power-off"></i>Electrical power</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Wavelength -> Hz, spectrum" href=/calculate/wavelength.php><i class="fas fa-i-cursor"></i>Wavelength Calculator</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Video<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/video/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Video" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Estimate audio file size for (un)compressed audio" href=/video/audiosize.php><i class="fas fa-file-audio"></i>Audio file size calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="List of common video bitrates (Prores, DV, DCP, MPEG)" href=/video/bitrates.php><i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i>Common bitrates</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate DCP audio and video filesizes" href=/video/dcpsize.php><i class="fas fa-film"></i>DCP file size</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Foot-Lambert Calculator for luminance of a screen" href=/video/lambert.php><i class="fas fa-sun"></i>Foot-Lambert Calculator</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Calculate screen size from diagional and aspect ratio" href=/video/screensize.php><i class="fas fa-file-video"></i>Screen size</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Estimate video bitrate based on resolution, fps and bit depth" href=/video/bitrate.php><i class="fas fa-calculator"></i>Video bitrate</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Framerate conversion with ffmpeg and sox" href=/video/framerate.php><i class="fas fa-video"></i>Frame rate convert</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Estimate video file size from resolution and duration" href=/video/filesize.php><i class="fas fa-file-video"></i>Video file size calculator</a></ul><li class="nav-item dropdown"><a href=# class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-toggle=dropdown aria-haspopup=true aria-expanded=false>Web<span class=caret></span></a><ul class=dropdown-menu><li><a href=/web/><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i>"Web" tools</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Create your Content Security Policy header fast!" href=/network/csp.php><i class="fas fa-file"></i>Content Security Policy</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Is your site redirection correctly configured?" href=/network/redirect.php><i class="fas fa-share-square"></i>Redirection check</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Is your SPF correctly configured?" href=/network/spf.php><i class="fas fa-share-square"></i>Security Policy Framework check</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Is your site correctly configured for HTTPS?" href=/network/https.php><i class="fas fa-lock"></i>HTTPS config check</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="View all special HTML characters «»" href=/web/charmap.php><i class="fas fa-globe"></i>HTML char map</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="View all special Unicode characters 🥠" href=/web/emoji.php><i class="fas fa-flag-checkered"></i>Emoji char map</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="(HTML/URL) Encode text full of àçčéñtš" href=/web/htmlencode.php><i class="fas fa-code"></i>HTML encoder</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="Check your site on 10+ performance test sites" href=/web/performance.php><i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt"></i>SEO Performance</a><li><a class="dropdown-item text-primary" title="URL Encode text full of àçčéñtš" href=/web/urlencode.php><i class="fas fa-link"></i>URL encoder</a></ul></ul></div></div></nav><main role=main class=container><div class=container><div class=row><div class="col-sm-8 blog-main"><div class=blog-post><h1 class=blog-post-title><span id=ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-123 class=ezoic-adpicker-ad></span>Toolstud.io calculators and converters</h1><p>Toolstud.io is a collection of web-based tools/converters/calculators that I have developed through the years.
  17. Use them like you want (<a href=about/terms.php>within reason</a>) and if you really like them, <a href=about/contact.php>let me know</a>.<div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Color calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-paint-brush"></i><b><a href=/color/cmyk.php>CMYK conversion</a></b><br><i>Convert CMYK color → RGB, HSV, XYZ</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i><b><a href=/color/htmlcolors.php>HTML Color list</a></b><br><i>List of named HTML colors</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-paint-brush fa-flip-horizontal"></i><b><a href=/color/rgb.php>RGB conversion</a></b><br><i>Convert RGB color → CMYK, HSV, XYZ</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i><b><a href=/color/websafe.php>Websafe Color list</a></b><br><i>List of websafe colors</i></div></div></div><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Data calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-exchange-alt"></i><b><a href=/data/bandwidth.php>Bandwidth convert</a></b><br><i>Convert Mbps ⇆ KB/s, GB/day, TB/week</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-clock"></i><b><a href=/data/download.php>Download calculator</a></b><br><i>Calculate download time from bandwidth & file size</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-hdd"></i><b><a href=/data/filesize.php>Data size calculator</a></b><br><i>Calculate file size from bandwidth & time</i></div></div></div><span id=ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-709 data-method=ai-placeholders class=ezoic-autoinsert-ad></span><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Finance calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-bolt"></i><b><a href=/finance/electriccar.php>EV mileage calculator</a></b><br><i>How much $ does your EV car use in kWh per year?</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-car"></i><b><a href=/finance/mileage.php>Fuel Cost calculator</a></b><br><i>How much $ does your car fuel cost per year?</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-fire"></i><b><a href=/finance/naturalgas.php>Natural Gas calculator</a></b><br><i>How much $ does your heating gas cost?</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-credit-card"></i><b><a href=/finance/mortgage.php>Mortgage loan calculator</a></b><br><i>Calculate monthly payments for a mortgage loan</i></div></div></div><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Music calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-drum"></i><b><a href=/music/bpm.php>Beats-per-minute</a></b><br><i>Convert BPM to Hz, bar length, fractions</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-redo"></i><b><a href=/music/delay.php>Audio delay</a></b><br><i>Calculate audio delay length in msec</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-wave-square"></i><b><a href=/music/hertz.php>Music Frequency</a></b><br><i>Convert pitch to musical note and wavelength</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-clock"></i><b><a href=/music/song-length.php>Song length</a></b><br><i>Calculate song length from BPM</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-music"></i><b><a href=/music/scale.php>Music Scale</a></b><br><i>Generate scales with frequencies</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-heartbeat"></i><b><a href=/music/bpmcount.php>Tap your tempo</a></b><br><i>Tap to find the BPM of a song or a heartbeat</i></div></div></div><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Photo calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-compress"></i><b><a href=/photo/aspect.php>Aspect ratio</a></b><br><i>Image Width x Height → aspect ratio</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-desktop"></i><b><a href=/photo/aspect_fit.php>Aspect Fit</a></b><br><i>Fit an image on a screen</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-user"></i><b><a href=/photo/composition.php>Composition Calculator</a></b><br><i>Focal length, distance, crop factor → image composition</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-camera"></i><b><a href=/photo/dof.php>Depth-of-Field Calculator</a></b><br><i>Aperture, focal length, distance, crop → depth-of-field</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-print"></i><b><a href=/photo/dpi.php>DPI calculator</a></b><br><i>Print Width x Height and dpi → megapixels</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-file-image"></i><b><a href=/photo/filesize.php>Image filesize calculator</a></b><br><i>Image Width x Height JPG/RAW/PNG → bytes</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-sun"></i><b><a href=/photo/light.php>Light calculator (EV)</a></b><br><i>Aperture, shutter time, ISO → Exposure Value</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-calculator"></i><b><a href=/photo/megapixel.php>Megapixel calculator</a></b><br><i>Image Width x Height → megapixels</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-images"></i><b><a href=/photo/megaspect.php>Megapixel Aspects</a></b><br><i>See megapixels in different aspect ratios</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-user"></i><b><a href=/photo/portrait.php>Portrait distance</a></b><br><i>portrait distance, composition, crop factor, focal length</i></div></div></div><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Physics calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt"></i><b><a href=/calculate/acceleration.php>Acceleration calculator</a></b><br><i>Convert m/s² into in/s², g</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-battery-half"></i><b><a href=/calculate/battery.php>Battery Capacity (Wh)</a></b><br><i>What does the kWh of a battery mean?</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-plane"></i><b><a href=/calculate/distance.php>Distance calculator</a></b><br><i>Speed x time → distance</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-chart-line"></i><b><a href=/calculate/exponential.php>Exponential growth</a></b><br><i>Exponential growth / logarithmic decay</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-trophy"></i><b><a href=/calculate/practice.php>Gladwell's 10000 hours</a></b><br><i>Deliberate practice according to Malcolm Gladwell</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt"></i><b><a href=/calculate/speed.php>Speed converter</a></b><br><i>m/s ⇆ km/h, mph, mach</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-leaf"></i><b><a href=/climate/tco2e.php>tCO2e Calculator</a></b><br><i>Calculate your carbon footprint in ton C0<sub>2</sub>/year</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-tty"></i><b><a href=/calculate/frequency.php>Frequency Calculator</a></b><br><i>Hertz -> wavelength, spectrum</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-power-off"></i><b><a href=/data/power.php>Electrical power</a></b><br><i>Volt x Amp → Watt, kWh, Ah, Joule, calorie</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-i-cursor"></i><b><a href=/calculate/wavelength.php>Wavelength Calculator</a></b><br><i>Wavelength -> Hz, spectrum</i></div></div></div><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Video calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-file-audio"></i><b><a href=/video/audiosize.php>Audio file size calculator</a></b><br><i>Estimate audio file size for (un)compressed audio</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i><b><a href=/video/bitrates.php>Common bitrates</a></b><br><i>List of common video bitrates (Prores, DV, DCP, MPEG)</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-film"></i><b><a href=/video/dcpsize.php>DCP file size</a></b><br><i>Calculate DCP audio and video filesizes</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-sun"></i><b><a href=/video/lambert.php>Foot-Lambert Calculator</a></b><br><i>Foot-Lambert Calculator for luminance of a screen</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-file-video"></i><b><a href=/video/screensize.php>Screen size</a></b><br><i>Calculate screen size from diagional and aspect ratio</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-calculator"></i><b><a href=/video/bitrate.php>Video bitrate</a></b><br><i>Estimate video bitrate based on resolution, fps and bit depth</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-video"></i><b><a href=/video/framerate.php>Frame rate convert</a></b><br><i>Framerate conversion with ffmpeg and sox</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-file-video"></i><b><a href=/video/filesize.php>Video file size calculator</a></b><br><i>Estimate video file size from resolution and duration</i></div></div></div><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>Web calculators & converters</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-file"></i><b><a href=/network/csp.php>Content Security Policy</a></b><br><i>Create your Content Security Policy header fast!</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-share-square"></i><b><a href=/network/redirect.php>Redirection check</a></b><br><i>Is your site redirection correctly configured?</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-share-square"></i><b><a href=/network/spf.php>Security Policy Framework check</a></b><br><i>Is your SPF correctly configured?</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-lock"></i><b><a href=/network/https.php>HTTPS config check</a></b><br><i>Is your site correctly configured for HTTPS?</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-globe"></i><b><a href=/web/charmap.php>HTML char map</a></b><br><i>View all special HTML characters «»</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-flag-checkered"></i><b><a href=/web/emoji.php>Emoji char map</a></b><br><i>View all special Unicode characters 🥠</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-code"></i><b><a href=/web/htmlencode.php>HTML encoder</a></b><br><i>(HTML/URL) Encode text full of àçčéñtš</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-tachometer-alt"></i><b><a href=/web/performance.php>SEO Performance</a></b><br><i>Check your site on 10+ performance test sites</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-link"></i><b><a href=/web/urlencode.php>URL encoder</a></b><br><i>URL Encode text full of àçčéñtš</i></div></div></div><br><div class=row><div style="border-top:1px solid #eee;padding-top:4px" class="col-sm-12 col-md-12"><h4><b>About this site</b></h4></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-wrench"></i><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/>Development blog</a></b><br><i>New tools and other announcements</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-envelope"></i><b><a href=/about/contact.php>Contact</a></b><br><i>Remarks about this site? Let me know!</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-history"></i><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/history/>History</a></b><br><i>How toolstud.io grew since 2006 until now</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-gavel"></i><b><a href=/about/privacy.php>Privacy Statement</a></b><br><i>Privacy statement (GDPR compliant)</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-gavel"></i><b><a href=/about/terms.php>Terms & Conditions</a></b><br><i>Terms & conditions</i></div></div><div class="col-12 col-md-6"><div><i class="fas fa-flask"></i><b><a href=/examples.php>How to use the tools</a></b><br><i>Show me how I can use these tools</i></div></div></div><br><h3 style=font-size:1.5em>How could you use these tools?</h3><fieldset style="border-bottom:1px solid #ccc"><div class="container form-group"><dl><dt style="border-top:#eee solid 1px"><a href="/calculate/exponential.php?datapoint1=2&amp;datapoint2=1&amp;timeinbetween=5730&amp;timeinbetween_unit=31536000">Radioactive decay of Carbon-14</a><dd>Click on <a href="/calculate/exponential.php?datapoint1=2&amp;datapoint2=1&amp;timeinbetween=5730&amp;timeinbetween_unit=31536000">calculate >> exponential</a><dd>Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years<dd style=text-align:right;font-size:.8em><a href=/examples.php>Click here for more examples</a></dl></div></fieldset><h3>Recent Blog Posts</h3><span id=ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-702 data-method=ai-placeholders class=ezoic-autoinsert-ad></span><div class=row><div style=line-height:1em class="col-lg-6 col-12 text-justify py-1"><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/video/2023/10/22/flat-image-on-scope-screen/>How does a flat image fit on a scope screen?</a></b><br><small>I had to calculate the dimensions of a flat DCP (1920x1080) on a scope (aspect ratio 2.39) cinema screen, and this is a perfect task for the aspect fit calculator.
  18. Let’s...</small></div><div style=line-height:1em class="col-lg-6 col-12 text-justify py-1"><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/photo/2023/10/21/aspect-fit/>How does an image (aspect) fit on a screen?</a></b><br><small>When you have an image with a certain aspect ratio (width/height), and you want to show it on a screen with a different aspect ratio, you have 2 simple options:
  19. extend with...</small></div><div style=line-height:1em class="col-lg-6 col-12 text-justify py-1"><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/music/2023/10/01/new-bpm-calculator/>The new beats-per-minute calculator</a></b><br><small>The BPM (beats-per-minute) calculator was up for an update.
  20. The calculator is used to calculate the tempo and the duration of audio effects like delay and LFO.
  21. The calculator...</small></div><div style=line-height:1em class="col-lg-6 col-12 text-justify py-1"><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/video/2023/05/05/dcp-size/>Calculate DCP size from movie length and resolution</a></b><br><small>To calculate the estimated size of a Digital Cinema Package (DCP) for cinema projection, you need to consider the image size and movie length. The DCP size is primarily determined...</small></div><div style=line-height:1em class="col-lg-6 col-12 text-justify py-1"><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/video/2023/05/04/foot-lambert/>Calculate foot-lambert from screen size, projector lumen</a></b><br><small>In the projection business, there is a unit for ‘how much light is coming from that screen, actually?’. This is called the foot-Lambert or fL.
  22. To calculate foot lamberts (fL)...</small></div><div style=line-height:1em class="col-lg-6 col-12 text-justify py-1"><b><a href=https://blog.toolstud.io/video/2023/05/03/video-bitrate/>Video bitrate from image resolution and bit depth</a></b><br><small>To estimate the video bitrate based on image resolution and framerate, you can use the following formula:
  23. Video Bitrate (bits per second) = Image Resolution (pixels) ×...</small></div></div></div></div><div id=sidebar class="col-sm-3 col-sm-offset-1 blog-sidebar hidden-print"><span class=hidden-print id=ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-103></span><p></p><span class=hidden-print id=ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-104></span></div><div class=sidebar-module><div class="sidebar-module sidebar-module-inset"></div></div></div><footer class="blog-footer hidden-print" style=padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;font-size:.9em><strong><a href=https://toolstud.io>toolstud.io</a></strong>
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