<!doctype html><html itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/" lang="en" dir="ltr"><head><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="description" content="Read about the latest key news and research stories from King's College London."/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="author" content="King's College London"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:site_name" content="King's College London"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:title" content="Featured news"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:description" content="Read about the latest key news and research stories from King's College London."/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:url" content="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:image" content="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/SiteElements/2017/images/news-image-kings-logo-780x440.jpg"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:image:alt" content="KCL"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" property="og:type" content="article"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:domain" content="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:site" content="@kingscollegelon"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:creator" content="@kingscollegelon"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:title" content="Featured news"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:description" content="Read about the latest key news and research stories from King's College London."/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:url" content="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:image" content="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/SiteElements/2017/images/news-image-kings-logo-780x440.jpg"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="twitter:image:alt" content="KCL"/><meta data-react-helmet="true" name="Last-Modified" content="2024-05-03T09:08:48.7399507Z"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="canonical" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news"/><script data-react-helmet="true" async="true" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-228896-1"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" > window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({"event":"pageDeclaration"}); function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-228896-1');</script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","url":"https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news"}</script><script>!function(e,t,a,n,g){e[n]=e[n]||[],e[n].push({"gtm.start":(new Date).getTime(),event:"gtm.js"});var m=t.getElementsByTagName(a)[0],r=t.createElement(a);r.async=!0,r.src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-W5RSV5",m.parentNode.insertBefore(r,m)}(window,document,"script","dataLayer")</script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/167b1744-c18f-47c4-bd0c-e8420eacd9e1/OtAutoBlock.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="167b1744-c18f-47c4-bd0c-e8420eacd9e1"></script><script type="text/javascript">function OptanonWrapper(){}</script><script>!function(e,t,a,n,g){e[n]=e[n]||[],e[n].push({"gtm.start":(new Date).getTime(),event:"gtm.js"});var m=t.getElementsByTagName(a)[0],r=t.createElement(a);r.async=!0,r.src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-W5RSV5",m.parentNode.insertBefore(r,m)}(window,document,"script","dataLayer")</script><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"><!--[if IE 11 ]> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="static/browserconfig.xml" /> <![endif]--><link rel="manifest" href="/static/manifest.webmanifest"/><title data-react-helmet="true">Featured news - King's College London</title> <style data-styled="true" data-styled-version="5.3.6">@font-face{font-family:'KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven';src:url('/SiteElements/2017/fonts/KingsBureauGrotesqueThreeSeven-woff.woff') format("woff");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;}/*!sc*/@font-face{font-family:'KingsBureauGrotFiveOne';src:url('/SiteElements/2017/fonts/KingsBureauGrotesqueFiveOne-woff.woff') format("woff");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;}/*!sc*/@font-face{font-family:'KingsCaslon';src:url('/SiteElements/2017/fonts/KingsCaslon-woff.woff') format("woff");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;}/*!sc*/@font-face{font-family:'KingsCaslon';src:url('/SiteElements/2017/fonts/KingsCaslonSemiBold-woff.woff') format("woff");font-weight:600;font-style:normal;}/*!sc*/@font-face{font-family:'KingsCaslon';src:url('/SiteElements/2017/fonts/KingsCaslonItalic-woff.woff') format("woff");font-weight:400;font-style:italic;}/*!sc*/@font-face{font-family:'kcl-icons';src:url('/SiteElements/2017/fonts/kcl-icons-woff.woff') format("woff");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;}/*!sc*/*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box;}/*!sc*/body{padding:0;margin:0;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:400;color:#464e52;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;}/*!sc*/h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-weight:400;}/*!sc*/p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.5rem;}/*!sc*/ol,ul{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-left:0;list-style:none;}/*!sc*/strong,b{font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;}/*!sc*/.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;-webkit-clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);border:0;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g1[id="sc-global-hUHauh1"]{content:"sc-global-hUHauh1,"}/*!sc*/.emLjoT{display:block;position:fixed;left:-1000rem;width:0;height:0;overflow:hidden;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.emLjoT:focus{top:0;left:0;width:auto;height:auto;padding:1rem;background-color:#0a2d50;color:#ffffff;overflow:visible;z-index:1002;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g4[id="SkipNavstyled__SkipNavStyled-mgg415-0"]{content:"emLjoT,"}/*!sc*/.guzTdE{min-height:4rem;background-color:#5a6369;position:relative;margin-bottom:2rem;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (max-width:1024px){.guzTdE{min-height:unset;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g5[id="HeaderStyled-sc-1947hrm-0"]{content:"guzTdE,"}/*!sc*/.hCMAWC{position:relative;width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;max-width:1248px;padding-top:0;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:8px;margin:0 auto;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.hCMAWC{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g6[id="Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0"]{content:"hCMAWC,"}/*!sc*/.hZoPeH{width:100%;}/*!sc*/.hZoPeH .SubNavDesktopstyled__SubNavStyled-rv2630-0::after{display:none;}/*!sc*/.hZoPeH .SubNavDesktopstyled__SubNavStyled-rv2630-0::after{content:'';display:block;height:0.75rem;left:0;position:relative;top:0;width:100%;z-index:1;background:#5a6469;}/*!sc*/.hZoPeH .section-heading{color:#000000;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g8[id="Navigationstyled__NavigationStyled-sc-15mhzms-0"]{content:"hZoPeH,"}/*!sc*/.iYSqld > img{max-height:100%;max-width:100%;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g9[id="Logostyled__LogoStyled-ihdj0q-0"]{content:"iYSqld,"}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > input{display:block;width:100%;height:3rem;padding:0 0.75rem;line-height:3rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-size:1.5rem;color:#ffffff;background-color:#3e4649;border:1px solid #cdd7dc;border-radius:5px;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > input::-webkit-input-placeholder{font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;color:#ffffff;opacity:0.8;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > input::-moz-placeholder{font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;color:#ffffff;opacity:0.8;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > input:-ms-input-placeholder{font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;color:#ffffff;opacity:0.8;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > input::placeholder{font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;color:#ffffff;opacity:0.8;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > input::-ms-clear,.eWXLqO > input::-ms-reveal{display:none;width:0;height:0;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > input::-webkit-search-decoration,.eWXLqO > input::-webkit-search-cancel-button,.eWXLqO > input::-webkit-search-results-button,.eWXLqO > input::-webkit-search-results-decoration{display:none;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > button{position:absolute;right:0px;top:0px;width:3rem;height:100%;padding:0;color:white;background:transparent;border:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:1.5rem;}/*!sc*/.eWXLqO > button:after{font-family:'kcl-icons' !important;content:'\e922';}/*!sc*/data-styled.g10[id="SearchComponentstyled__SearchComponentStyled-sc-1nql9ju-0"]{content:"eWXLqO,"}/*!sc*/.fgiwso{width:100%;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;padding:0 8px;position:relative;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.fgiwso{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;}}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.fgiwso{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;width:66.66666666666667%;}}/*!sc*/.gteeEK{width:100%;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;padding:0 8px;position:relative;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.gteeEK{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;}}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.gteeEK{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;width:50%;}}/*!sc*/.ktbnYj{width:100%;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;padding:0 8px;position:relative;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ktbnYj{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;}}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.ktbnYj{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;width:33.333333333333336%;}}/*!sc*/.cxWyvB{width:100%;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;padding:0 8px;position:relative;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.cxWyvB{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g14[id="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0"]{content:"fgiwso,gteeEK,ktbnYj,cxWyvB,"}/*!sc*/.efNMkJ{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-8px;margin-left:-8px;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.efNMkJ{margin-right:-12px;margin-left:-12px;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g15[id="Rowstyled__RowStyled-sc-10i5eft-0"]{content:"efNMkJ,"}/*!sc*/.fqQzMC{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.fqQzMC:before{content:'\e900';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.kUEDbG{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.kUEDbG:before{content:'\e922';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.bLpYvb{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.bLpYvb:before{content:'\e901';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.eTZzIU{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.eTZzIU:before{content:'\e902';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.gOvwTb{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.gOvwTb:before{content:'\e910';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.jhQmDt{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.jhQmDt:before{content:'\e92a';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.eAnuqc{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.eAnuqc:before{content:'\e917';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.fIEaIS{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.fIEaIS:before{content:'\e91a';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/.sZron{font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;speak:none;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.sZron:before{content:'\e92c';color:inherit;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g16[id="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0"]{content:"fqQzMC,kUEDbG,bLpYvb,eTZzIU,gOvwTb,jhQmDt,eAnuqc,fIEaIS,sZron,"}/*!sc*/.gchsDS{margin:0 0 0.8em 0;color:#000000;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.35;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.gchsDS{font-size:1.875rem;line-height:1.35;}}/*!sc*/.bEzXvi{margin:0 0 0.8em 0;color:#000000;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.4;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.bEzXvi{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.45;}}/*!sc*/.hVFhal{margin:0 0 0.8em 0;color:#000000;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.45;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.hVFhal{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.45;}}/*!sc*/.iKsmgH{margin:0 0 0.8em 0;color:#000000;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.6;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.iKsmgH{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.45;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g18[id="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0"]{content:"gchsDS,bEzXvi,hVFhal,iKsmgH,"}/*!sc*/.cPkLFZ{max-width:100%;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g19[id="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0"]{content:"cPkLFZ,"}/*!sc*/.cgUnvG{white-space:pre-line;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.6;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g22[id="Paragraphstyled__ParagraphStyled-sc-176xsi4-0"]{content:"cgUnvG,"}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;height:auto;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL:before{content:'';position:absolute;top:0;left:0;display:block;width:100%;height:0.25rem;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);z-index:2;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0.card__image{display:block;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin-bottom:0;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL > a:hover + .card__body .card__heading a{color:#3b5773;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__image-link{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__body{-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;margin-bottom:2rem;padding:1.25rem 1.5rem 1.5rem;background-color:#edf1f2;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__heading{margin:0 0 0.5rem 0;font-size:1.25rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;line-height:1.4;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__heading a{color:#0a2d50;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__heading a:hover{color:#3b5773;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__text{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;color:#5a6369;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.54;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__date{display:block;margin-bottom:0.75rem;font-size:1.0rem;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .card__cta{margin-top:1rem;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .calendar-icon{position:absolute;top:0;left:1.5rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;min-width:4rem;min-height:4rem;padding:0.3rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;background:#ffffff;border-top:0.5rem solid #e22319;box-shadow:0 2px 1rem rgba(0,0,0,0.05);pointer-events:none;z-index:1;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .calendar-icon__month,.gnBLyL .calendar-icon__day{color:#000000;line-height:1;}/*!sc*/.gnBLyL .calendar-icon__day{margin-bottom:0.25rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-size:1.875rem;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g26[id="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0"]{content:"gnBLyL,"}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf{overflow-x:hidden;position:relative;width:100%;margin-bottom:2rem;border-top:solid 0.25rem #e6ebed;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .carousel-item{min-height:440px;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .Testimonialstyled__TestimonialStyled-gmfluv-0{max-width:560px;width:100%;height:320px;margin:0 auto;border-top:none;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .next,.hkmvsf .prev{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translateY(-5%);-ms-transform:translateY(-5%);transform:translateY(-5%);height:100%;width:100%;max-width:3rem;z-index:2;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .next > button,.hkmvsf .prev > button{position:absolute;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;top:50%;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);width:3rem;height:3rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;font-size:1.5rem;color:#ffffff;background-color:#dce3e6;border:none;cursor:pointer;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .dark > button{color:#ffffff;background-color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .next > button:hover,.hkmvsf .prev > button:hover{background-color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .dark > button:hover{color:#5a6369;background-color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .next{right:0;top:0;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .indicator{display:inline-block;width:1rem;height:1rem;border-radius:50%;border:none;cursor:pointer;margin:0.5rem;background-color:#dce3e6;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .indicator-panel{width:100%;text-align:center;}/*!sc*/.hkmvsf .indicator-panel .active{background-color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (max-width:768px){.hkmvsf .Testimonialstyled__TestimonialStyled-gmfluv-0{height:auto;max-width:100%;}}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1024px){.hkmvsf .Testimonialstyled__TestimonialStyled-gmfluv-0{max-width:560px;height:320px;}.hkmvsf .next,.hkmvsf .prev{height:320px;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g28[id="Carouselstyled__CarouselStyled-yjb38m-0"]{content:"hkmvsf,"}/*!sc*/.hyOCCT{display:block;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.hyOCCT{display:none;}}/*!sc*/.jIMzKd{display:none;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.jIMzKd{display:block;}}/*!sc*/.fsrfYf{display:none;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.fsrfYf{display:block;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g29[id="MediaQuerystyled__MediaQueryStyled-flwyer-0"]{content:"hyOCCT,jIMzKd,fsrfYf,"}/*!sc*/.kKIhPG{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;overflow:hidden;-webkit-clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);border:0;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g34[id="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0"]{content:"kKIhPG,"}/*!sc*/.ykeVR{position:relative;margin-bottom:1.5rem;padding:1.5rem;background-color:#edf1f2;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0{line-height:1.1;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:0.75rem;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link::before{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:2rem;height:2rem;margin-right:1rem;color:#ffffff;font-family:kcl-icons,sans-serif;font-size:1.1rem;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:#ee6461;border-radius:50%;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-email::before{content:'\e92e';}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-link::before{content:'\e919';}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-phone::before{content:'\e92f';}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-twitter::before{content:'\e92a';background-color:#1da1f2;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-linkedin::before{content:'\e91a';background-color:#0077b5;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-instagram::before{content:'\e917';background-color:#e1306c;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-youtube::before{content:'\e92c';background-color:#ff0000;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link.icon-facebook::before{content:'\e910';background-color:#3b5998;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link a{color:#0a2d50;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link a:hover{color:#3b5773;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}/*!sc*/.ykeVR .contact-link a:visited{color:#0a2d50;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ykeVR{margin-bottom:2rem;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g44[id="Contactstyled__ContactStyled-sc-3vcyw3-0"]{content:"ykeVR,"}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd .nav-parent-li{margin-bottom:-1px;}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd .nav-parent-a{position:relative;height:3rem;width:100%;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:white;}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd .nav-parent-a .Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0{-webkit-transition:all 150ms;transition:all 150ms;font-size:0.625rem;margin-left:0.5rem;}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd .nav-parent-a.expanded .Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd .nav-child-ul{display:none;padding:1rem 0;background-color:#e6ebed;}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd .nav-child-ul.active{display:block;}/*!sc*/.ePPYGd .nav-child-a{height:2.5rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:black;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g47[id="NavComponentstyled__NavComponentStyled-l2og7h-0"]{content:"ePPYGd,"}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW{display:block;background-color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW:after{content:'';position:absolute;display:block;width:100%;height:0.25rem;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.05);z-index:1;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0{position:relative;min-height:3rem;padding:0;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .Logostyled__LogoStyled-ihdj0q-0{position:absolute;top:0px;left:0px;z-index:1000;width:63px;height:auto;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-container{display:none;width:100%;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-container.expanded{display:block;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .search-container{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:8rem;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar{position:relative;width:100%;height:3rem;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar #nav-toggle{width:2rem;height:2rem;position:absolute;right:1rem;top:0.5rem;padding:0;background:0 0;border-color:transparent;border-radius:0;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar #nav-toggle:focus{border-color:rgba(0,158,160,0.5);box-shadow:0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0,158,160,0.25);outline:0;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar .icon-bar{background:#ffffff;border-radius:5px;display:block;height:0.125rem;margin:0.3125rem auto;position:relative;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:transform 0.2s ease;transition:transform 0.2s ease;width:100%;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar .icon-bar.first.active{-webkit-transform:translateX(3px) rotate(45deg);-ms-transform:translateX(3px) rotate(45deg);transform:translateX(3px) rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform-origin:4px center;-ms-transform-origin:4px center;transform-origin:4px center;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar .icon-bar.last.active{-webkit-transform:translateX(3px) rotate(-45deg);-ms-transform:translateX(3px) rotate(-45deg);transform:translateX(3px) rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform-origin:4px center;-ms-transform-origin:4px center;transform-origin:4px center;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar .icon-bar.middle.active{opacity:0;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .NavComponentstyled__NavComponentStyled-l2og7h-0{margin:0;background-color:#e6ebed;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .NavComponentstyled__NavComponentStyled-l2og7h-0 .nav-parent-li{border-top:3px solid #dce3e6;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .NavComponentstyled__NavComponentStyled-l2og7h-0 .nav-parent-a{position:relative;-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;padding-left:1rem;color:#000000;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .NavComponentstyled__NavComponentStyled-l2og7h-0 .nav-child-a{-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;padding-left:2rem;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .NavStaticLinksstyled__NavStaticLinksStyled-sc-1dfd9z5-0{margin:0;padding:1rem;background-color:#d7dfe2;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .NavStaticLinksstyled__NavStaticLinksStyled-sc-1dfd9z5-0 .nav-static-parent-li{display:block;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .NavStaticLinksstyled__NavStaticLinksStyled-sc-1dfd9z5-0 .nav-static-parent-a{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;height:2.5rem;color:black;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .SearchComponentstyled__SearchComponentStyled-sc-1nql9ju-0{width:90%;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .SearchComponentstyled__SearchComponentStyled-sc-1nql9ju-0 input{font-size:1.0rem;}/*!sc*/.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .SearchComponentstyled__SearchComponentStyled-sc-1nql9ju-0 button{font-size:1.0rem;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.hfBOrW .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .top-bar #nav-toggle{right:1.5rem;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g48[id="NavMobilestyled__NavMobileStyled-sc-1wz55ya-0"]{content:"hfBOrW,"}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg{display:block;background-color:#e6ebed;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-parent-ul{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-parent-a{position:relative;height:3rem;width:100%;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:white;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-parent-a .Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0{-webkit-transition:all 150ms;transition:all 150ms;font-size:0.625rem;margin-left:0.5rem;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-parent-a.expanded .Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-child-ul{display:none;padding:1rem 0;background-color:#e6ebed;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-child-ul.active{display:block;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-child-a{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:2.5rem;padding-left:1rem;color:#0a2d50;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg .nav-child-a:hover{color:#3b5773;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0{display:block;padding:0;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > h1{padding:1.5rem 1rem;margin:0;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 #sub-nav-toggle{position:relative;height:3rem;width:100%;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0 1rem;border:none;background-color:transparent;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 #sub-nav-toggle:after{width:2rem;height:2rem;position:absolute;right:1rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:50%;background-color:#0a2d50;color:#ffffff;font-family:'kcl-icons' !important;font-size:1.11111111111111rem;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease;transition:all 0.2s ease;content:'\e900';}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 #sub-nav-toggle.expanded:after{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .sub-nav-container{display:none;width:100%;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .sub-nav-container.expanded{display:block;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .sub-nav-text{color:#5a6369;font-size:1.0rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-parent-li{padding:0 1rem;border-top:3px solid #dce3e6;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-parent-a{-webkit-box-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-parent-a:after{width:2rem;height:2rem;position:absolute;right:0;top:0.5rem;padding:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;color:#0a2d50;font-family:'kcl-icons' !important;font-size:1.11111111111111rem;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease;transition:all 0.2s ease;}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-parent-a.collapsed:after{content:'\e900';}/*!sc*/.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-parent-a.expanded:after{content:'\e900';-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > h1{padding:1.5rem;}.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 #sub-nav-toggle{padding:0 1.5rem;}.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 #sub-nav-toggle:after{right:1.5rem;}.gZbpxg > .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 .nav-parent-li{padding:0 1.5rem;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g51[id="SubNavMobilestyled__SubNavMobileStyled-sc-1xll37g-0"]{content:"gZbpxg,"}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl{padding:4rem 0 0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;background-color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl address{font-size:1.0rem;font-style:normal;line-height:1.8;white-space:pre;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .footer-column{margin-bottom:2.5rem;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .footer-mobile-number{margin-bottom:0.75rem;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div{width:100%;padding-left:0.5rem;padding-right:0.5rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div .column-title{width:100%;padding-bottom:1rem;margin-bottom:1rem;border-bottom:3px solid #8b9296;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div a,.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div span{padding:0.5rem 0;display:inline-block;color:white;font-size:1.125rem;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div a{padding:1rem 0;font-size:1.0rem;cursor:pointer;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div a:hover{color:#cdd7dc;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div{width:16.66667%;min-width:192px;padding-left:0.75rem;padding-right:0.75rem;}.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > div a{padding:0.5rem 0;}}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > .Logostyled__LogoStyled-ihdj0q-0{margin-top:4rem;margin-bottom:2rem;}/*!sc*/.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > .Logostyled__LogoStyled-ihdj0q-0 img{max-width:480px;margin:auto;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.iHCCgl .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 > .Logostyled__LogoStyled-ihdj0q-0{margin:0;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g53[id="FooterMainstyled__FooterMainStyled-sc-9qa4f1-0"]{content:"iHCCgl,"}/*!sc*/.eaBaaH{padding:0.75rem;background-color:#3e4649;}/*!sc*/.eaBaaH .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 a{width:100%;padding:1rem 0;margin-right:1.5rem;color:#e6ebed;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.eaBaaH .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 a:hover{color:#dce3e6;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.eaBaaH .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0{padding:0 1.5rem;}}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.eaBaaH .Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 a{width:auto;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g54[id="FooterBottomstyled__FooterBottomStyled-sc-107msnq-0"]{content:"eaBaaH,"}/*!sc*/.hMgEfX{background-color:#0a2d50;color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.hMgEfX .Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0{color:inherit;margin-right:1.5rem;}/*!sc*/.hMgEfX .wrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:136px;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}/*!sc*/.hMgEfX .links{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}/*!sc*/.hMgEfX .link{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;height:2.5rem;width:2.5rem;border:0.125rem solid rgba(255,255,255,0.4);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;border-radius:50%;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;font-size:1.125rem;margin-right:1rem;}/*!sc*/.hMgEfX .link:hover{color:#0a2d50;background-color:#ffffff;border:0.125rem solid #ffffff;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.hMgEfX .wrapper{height:6rem;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:left;-webkit-justify-content:left;-ms-flex-pack:left;justify-content:left;}.hMgEfX .Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0{margin-bottom:0;}.hMgEfX .link{font-size:1.25rem;height:3rem;width:3rem;}}/*!sc*/data-styled.g55[id="FooterSocialMedia__FooterSocialMediaStyled-sc-1o8y4mm-0"]{content:"hMgEfX,"}/*!sc*/.edzcNo{display:block;padding:1.5rem;background-color:#3b5773;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease;transition:all 0.3s ease;}/*!sc*/.edzcNo .Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0{display:block;margin-bottom:0.5rem;color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.edzcNo ul{margin-bottom:0;}/*!sc*/.edzcNo li{position:relative;margin-bottom:0.5rem;}/*!sc*/.edzcNo li:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0;}/*!sc*/.edzcNo .sidebar-filter-button{display:block;min-width:100%;text-align:left;padding:10px 15px;font-size:1.125rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotThreeSeven,sans-serif;color:#ffffff;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;line-height:1;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.1);border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:5px;cursor:pointer;}/*!sc*/.edzcNo .sidebar-filter-button:hover{color:#0a2d50;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5);}/*!sc*/.edzcNo .sidebar-filter-button.active{color:#0a2d50;background-color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g69[id="SidebarFilterstyled__SidebarFilterStyled-sc-126qe62-0"]{content:"edzcNo,"}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV input{height:48px;display:block;-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1.5rem;padding-top:0.25rem;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:48px;color:#5a6369;background-color:#cdd7dc;border:1px solid #cdd7dc;border-radius:5px;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV input::-webkit-input-placeholder{font-size:1.25rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV input::-moz-placeholder{font-size:1.25rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV input:-ms-input-placeholder{font-size:1.25rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV input::placeholder{font-size:1.25rem;font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;color:#5a6369;}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV .input-group{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex:1 1 0%;-ms-flex:1 1 0%;flex:1 1 0%;min-width:0;margin-bottom:0;}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV .input-group__append{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;height:48px;width:48px;border-radius:5px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0;background-color:#e22319;border:none;border-bottom:3px solid #b61c14;color:#ffffff;font-size:1.5rem;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/@media screen and (min-width:768px){.fDWpiV input{height:64px;line-height:64px;}.fDWpiV .input-group__append{height:64px;width:64px;font-size:1.75rem;}}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV button{cursor:pointer;}/*!sc*/.fDWpiV button:hover{opacity:0.7;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g118[id="SearchInputWithSubmitstyled__SearchInputWithSubmitStyled-pplpbq-0"]{content:"fDWpiV,"}/*!sc*/.haxESc .mb--32{margin-bottom:2rem;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero{position:relative;margin-bottom:2rem;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero--summary{margin-bottom:0;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero--date{font-weight:300;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero:before{content:'';position:absolute;top:0;left:0;display:block;width:100%;height:0.25rem;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);z-index:2;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero--overlay{padding:1.5rem;position:absolute;background:rgba(10,45,80,0.8);bottom:0;min-width:100%;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero--image{width:100%;height:440px;object-fit:cover;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero--title,.haxESc .spotlight-hero--summary,.haxESc .spotlight-hero--date{color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .spotlight-hero--title:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .mainNews .card__body{background-color:#2b3f53;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .mainNews .card__heading{color:#ffffff;font-style:normal;font-size:1.5rem;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .mainNews .card__heading a:link,.haxESc .mainNews .card__heading a:hover,.haxESc .mainNews .card__heading a:visited,.haxESc .mainNews .card__heading a:active{color:#ffffff !important;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .mainNews .card__date{color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .mainNews .card__text{color:#ffffff;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .search{margin-bottom:1.5rem;}/*!sc*/.haxESc span.spotlight-heading{font-family:KingsBureauGrotFiveOne,sans-serif;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .card__text{color:#3e4649;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .newsRow{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}/*!sc*/.haxESc .newsRow--item{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;}/*!sc*/data-styled.g242[id="FeaturedNewsPagestyled__FeaturedNewsPageStyled-sc-14d8qko-0"]{content:"haxESc,"}/*!sc*/</style><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><script type="text/javascript">Object.entries||document.write('<script crossorigin="anonymous" src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=default,es2015,es2016,es2017"><\/script>')</script></head><body><noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W5RSV5" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><div id="root"><div data-testid="Layout" class="Layoutstyled__LayoutStyled-sc-15and8u-0"><a class="SkipNavstyled__SkipNavStyled-mgg415-0 emLjoT" href="#main-content">Skip to main content</a><header class="HeaderStyled-sc-1947hrm-0 guzTdE"><div class="Navigationstyled__NavigationStyled-sc-15mhzms-0 hZoPeH"><div class="NavMobilestyled__NavMobileStyled-sc-1wz55ya-0 hfBOrW"><div class="Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 hCMAWC"><div class="Logostyled__LogoStyled-ihdj0q-0 iYSqld"><img src="/static/img/kcl-logo.svg?5bb1569efb406aadca16a184977b0ee2&f=webp" alt="King's College London" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ"/></div><div class="top-bar"><button class="" id="nav-toggle" name="navigation toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Opens navigation menu</span><span class="icon-bar first "></span><span class="icon-bar middle "></span><span class="icon-bar last "></span></button></div><div class="nav-container "><nav><ul class="NavComponentstyled__NavComponentStyled-l2og7h-0 ePPYGd nav-parent-ul nav-unnamed"><li class="nav-parent-li"><a class="nav-parent-a collapsed " href="/study/home" id="bfbe9934-616e-421f-a7f4-63d386c4784a" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="">Study<i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 fqQzMC down-caret" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation category. Contains links. Press enter key to expand.</span></a><ul class="nav-child-ul " id="nav-submenu-bfbe9934-616e-421f-a7f4-63d386c4784a"><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/study/home" aria-label="">Study<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/study/undergraduate">Undergraduate<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/study/postgraduate-taught">Postgraduate taught<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/study/postgraduate-research">Postgraduate Research<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/study/international">International<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/study-legacy/abroad">Study Abroad<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/international-foundation">International Foundation<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/language-centre">Language Centre<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/prospectus/shortcourses/">Short courses<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/study-legacy/executive-education/kings-professional-and-executive-development">Executive Education<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/summer">Summer and Winter Programmes<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/accommodation">Accommodation<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/study/social-mobility">Social Mobility<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/visit">Visit King's<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Study. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-parent-li"><a class="nav-parent-a collapsed " href="/campuslife" id="b7ba7108-f1eb-4490-af1b-23def95c63cc" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="">Student Services<i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 fqQzMC down-caret" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation category. Contains links. Press enter key to expand.</span></a><ul class="nav-child-ul " id="nav-submenu-b7ba7108-f1eb-4490-af1b-23def95c63cc"><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/campuslife" aria-label="">Student Services<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://self-service.kcl.ac.uk/article/KA-01913/en-us">Academic Calendar<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://kcl.ac.uk/sport">King’s Sport<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/library">Libraries & Collections<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kclsu.org">Student's Union<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/careers">Careers<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/language-centre">Language Centre<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/it">King’s IT<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/study-at-kings/student-services">Student Services Online<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/smhw">Mental health and wellbeing<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Student Services. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-parent-li"><a class="nav-parent-a collapsed " href="/research" id="36fd05c8-4c24-42e2-abcf-5125fd505e2d" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="">Research & Innovation<i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 fqQzMC down-caret" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation category. Contains links. Press enter key to expand.</span></a><ul class="nav-child-ul " id="nav-submenu-36fd05c8-4c24-42e2-abcf-5125fd505e2d"><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/research" aria-label="">Research & Innovation<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/research/explore">Explore<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/research/impact">Impact<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/research/research-environment">Research Environment<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/research/funding">Funding<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/research/facilities">Facilities<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/research/work-with-kings">Collaborate with King's<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kingshealthpartners.org/">King's Health Partners<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Research & Innovation. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-parent-li"><a class="nav-parent-a collapsed " href="/faculties-departments" id="65fa36c4-354c-43ac-8cf0-7f24331ce7fe" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="">Our faculties<i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 fqQzMC down-caret" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation category. Contains links. Press enter key to expand.</span></a><ul class="nav-child-ul " id="nav-submenu-65fa36c4-354c-43ac-8cf0-7f24331ce7fe"><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/faculties-departments" aria-label="">Our faculties<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/artshums">Arts & Humanities<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/law">Law<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/nmpc">Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/business">Business<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/lsm">Life Sciences & Medicine<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/ioppn">Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/nmes">Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/dentistry">Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/sspp">Social Sciences & Public Policy<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category Our faculties. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-parent-li"><a class="nav-parent-a collapsed " href="/about" id="9cde7764-7c42-441d-babb-270b82e2b077" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="">About<i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 fqQzMC down-caret" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation category. Contains links. Press enter key to expand.</span></a><ul class="nav-child-ul " id="nav-submenu-9cde7764-7c42-441d-babb-270b82e2b077"><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/about" aria-label="">About<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/about/history">History<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/about/strategy">Strategy<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/about/strategy/learning-and-teaching">Learning & Teaching<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://kcl.ac.uk/about/our-people">People<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/jobs">Work at King's<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/about/partnerships">Partnerships<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/about/governance-policies-and-procedures">Governance, policies & procedures<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/professional-services">Professional & Support Services<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/about/governance-policies-and-procedures/diversity-inclusivity">Diversity & Inclusion<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/aboutkings/governance-policies-and-procedures/financial-information">Financial information<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="/internationalisation">Internationalisation<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li><li class="nav-child-li"><a class="nav-child-a" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/kingsvenues">King's Venues<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Navigation link in category About. Press escape key to return to main menu</span></a></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="NavStaticLinksstyled__NavStaticLinksStyled-sc-1dfd9z5-0 nav-static-parent-ul undefined"><li class="nav-static-parent-li"><a class="nav-static-parent-a" href="/students">Students</a></li><li class="nav-static-parent-li"><a class="nav-static-parent-a" href="https://internal.kcl.ac.uk">Staff</a></li><li class="nav-static-parent-li"><a class="nav-static-parent-a" href="/alumni">Alumni</a></li></ul><div class="search-container"><div class="SearchComponentstyled__SearchComponentStyled-sc-1nql9ju-0 eWXLqO header-search"><input type="search" class="search-input" name="search form" value="" placeholder="Search King's"/><button class="search-button" name="search button"></button></div></div></nav></div></div></div><div class="SubNavMobilestyled__SubNavMobileStyled-sc-1xll37g-0 gZbpxg"><div class="Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 hCMAWC"><button class="" id="sub-nav-toggle" name="secondary navigation toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sub-nav-text" aria-hidden="true">Go to...</span><span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Open secondary navigation menu</span></button></div></div></div></header><main id="main-content"><div class="FeaturedNewsPagestyled__FeaturedNewsPageStyled-sc-14d8qko-0 haxESc"><div class="Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 hCMAWC"><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 fgiwso"><h2 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 gchsDS title">News from King's College London</h2> <div class="MediaQuerystyled__MediaQueryStyled-flwyer-0 hyOCCT"><div class="search"><form class="SearchInputWithSubmitstyled__SearchInputWithSubmitStyled-pplpbq-0 fDWpiV"><label for="search" class="sr-only">Search news and spotlight</label><div class="input-group"><input type="text" placeholder="Search news and spotlight" id="search" value=""/><a class="input-group__append" href="undefined?term=" target="_self" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="sr-only">Search</span><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 kUEDbG" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div></form></div></div><div class="mainNews"><div class="Carouselstyled__CarouselStyled-yjb38m-0 hkmvsf"><div class="MediaQuerystyled__MediaQueryStyled-flwyer-0 jIMzKd"><div class="prev "><button type="button"><span class="sr-only">View previous item</span><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 bLpYvb" aria-hidden="true"></i></button></div></div><div class="carousel-item" draggable="false" style="z-index:1;opacity:1;transform:none;-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;touch-action:pan-y"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Dementia Journeys opens at Science Gallery London" href="/news/dementia-journeys-opens"><img src="/newimages/culture/article-image-780x450px/2024/science-gallery-london/events/dementia-journeys-tia-credit-allie-crewe-780-x-440px.xa03cc434.png?f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Dementia Journeys opens at Science Gallery London" href="/news/dementia-journeys-opens">Dementia Journeys opens at Science Gallery London</a></h3><time dateTime="04 April 2024" class="card__date">04 April 2024</time><p class="card__text">Dementia Journeys: Towards Better End of Life Dementia Care, a new exhibition, now open at Science Gallery London, powerfully...</p></div></article></div><div class="MediaQuerystyled__MediaQueryStyled-flwyer-0 jIMzKd"><div class="next "><button type="button"><span class="sr-only">View next item</span><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 eTZzIU" aria-hidden="true"></i></button></div></div><div class="indicator-panel"><button class="indicator active" type="button"><span class="sr-only">View item 1</span></button><button class="indicator " type="button"><span class="sr-only">View item 2</span></button></div></div></div><div class="Rowstyled__RowStyled-sc-10i5eft-0 efNMkJ newsRow"><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 gteeEK newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Urgent UN reform needed to avoid paralysis on crises, says former Secretary-General" href="/news/urgent-reform-of-un-needed-to-avoid-paralysis-on-humanitarian-crises-says-former-secretary-general"><img src="/newimages/sspp/eis/main/ban-ki-moon-visit-010524/ban-ki-moon-qa-010524-pic1.x9386d33c.png?f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Urgent UN reform needed to avoid paralysis on crises, says former Secretary-General" href="/news/urgent-reform-of-un-needed-to-avoid-paralysis-on-humanitarian-crises-says-former-secretary-general">Urgent UN reform needed to avoid paralysis on crises, says former Secretary-General</a></h3><time dateTime="02 May 2024" class="card__date">02 May 2024</time><p class="card__text">A former Secretary-General of the United Nations has called for “urgent reform” of the powerful Security Council to stop...</p></div></article></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 gteeEK newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="COMMENT: Nasa's planned mission to retrieve rocks from Mars is in trouble – but it's a vital step to sending humans to the red planet" href="/news/comment-nasas-planned-mission-to-retrieve-rocks-from-mars-is-in-trouble-but-its-a-vital-step-to-sending-humans-to-the-red-planet"><img src="/newimages/nmes/main-article-780X450/the-conversation-republish/mars-sample-return-the-conversation-1.x0b887722.png?f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="COMMENT: Nasa's planned mission to retrieve rocks from Mars is in trouble – but it's a vital step to sending humans to the red planet" href="/news/comment-nasas-planned-mission-to-retrieve-rocks-from-mars-is-in-trouble-but-its-a-vital-step-to-sending-humans-to-the-red-planet">COMMENT: Nasa's planned mission to retrieve rocks from Mars is in trouble – but it's a vital step to sending humans to the red planet</a></h3><time dateTime="01 May 2024" class="card__date">01 May 2024</time><p class="card__text">Nasa recently asked the scientific community to help come up with innovative ideas for ways to carry out its Mars Sample Return...</p></div></article></div></div><div class="Rowstyled__RowStyled-sc-10i5eft-0 efNMkJ newsRow"><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Patients diagnosed with cancer in prison more likely to die from the disease" href="/news/patients-diagnosed-with-cancer-in-prison-more-likely-to-die-from-the-disease"><img src="/newimages/law/news-images-780x440/law2020-strangeways-prision-conference.x6c71b559.jpg?w=780&h=520&crop=780,440,0,40&f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Patients diagnosed with cancer in prison more likely to die from the disease" href="/news/patients-diagnosed-with-cancer-in-prison-more-likely-to-die-from-the-disease">Patients diagnosed with cancer in prison more likely to die from the disease</a></h3><time dateTime="30 April 2024" class="card__date">30 April 2024</time><p class="card__text">Cancer patients diagnosed in English prisons do not receive the same level of curative treatment as those in the general...</p></div></article></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="COMMENT: 'Polite littering' is a rubbish problem - here's why the British approach to tackling clean ups is not working" href="/news/comment-polite-littering-is-a-rubbish-problem"><img src="/newimages/sspp/kachef-fig9.xc57ea81a.jpg?w=782&h=440&crop=780,440,1,0&f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="COMMENT: 'Polite littering' is a rubbish problem - here's why the British approach to tackling clean ups is not working" href="/news/comment-polite-littering-is-a-rubbish-problem">COMMENT: 'Polite littering' is a rubbish problem - here's why the British approach to tackling clean ups is not working</a></h3><time dateTime="30 April 2024" class="card__date">30 April 2024</time><p class="card__text">Since moving to London almost a decade ago, I’ve always been struck by the drink tins, sandwich packs and free newspapers draped...</p></div></article></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="65% of adults are worried about access to palliative care" href="/news/65-of-adults-are-worried-about-access-to-palliative-care"><img src="/newimages/nmpc/thumbnail/by-in-press-photography-for-centre-for-ageing-better.x49feda5f.png?f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="65% of adults are worried about access to palliative care" href="/news/65-of-adults-are-worried-about-access-to-palliative-care">65% of adults are worried about access to palliative care</a></h3><time dateTime="29 April 2024" class="card__date">29 April 2024</time><p class="card__text">A survey commissioned by King’s College London, and carried out by YouGov, has found that 65% of people across the UK are...</p></div></article></div></div><div class="spotlight"><h2 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 gchsDS title">Spotlight:<!-- --> <span class="spotlight-heading">Ideas that change the world</span></h2><div class="spotlight-hero"><div class="spotlight-hero--overlay"><h2 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 gchsDS"><a class="spotlight-hero--title" href="/news/spotlight/normalising-the-menopause">Normalising the Menopause</a></h2><p class="Paragraphstyled__ParagraphStyled-sc-176xsi4-0 cgUnvG spotlight-hero--summary"> Historically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological symptoms of menopause can be...</p><small class="spotlight-hero--date">18 April 2023</small></div> <img src="/ImportedImages/Schools/IoP/News-and-Events/menopause-spotlight.xabf1c3f1.png?f=webp" alt="Menopause spotlight" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ spotlight-hero--image"/></div></div><div class="Rowstyled__RowStyled-sc-10i5eft-0 efNMkJ newsRow"><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Transforming mental health care by championing personal recovery" href="/news/spotlight/research-transforming-mental-health-care"><img src="/newimages/nmpc/thumnail-mental-health-spotlight.xbf38bd6e.jpg?f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Transforming mental health care by championing personal recovery" href="/news/spotlight/research-transforming-mental-health-care">Transforming mental health care by championing personal recovery</a></h3><time dateTime="10 August 2023" class="card__date">10 August 2023</time><p class="card__text">An evidence-based intervention to support personal recovery developed by researchers at King’s is improving patient experience...</p></div></article></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Supporting displaced learners and academics through the King's Sanctuary Programme" href="/news/spotlight/supporting-displaced-learners-and-academics-through-the-kings-sanctuary-programme"><img src="/newimages/alumni/780x440/780-x-440-seeking-sanctuary.xf4045a65.png?f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Supporting displaced learners and academics through the King's Sanctuary Programme" href="/news/spotlight/supporting-displaced-learners-and-academics-through-the-kings-sanctuary-programme">Supporting displaced learners and academics through the King's Sanctuary Programme</a></h3><time dateTime="22 June 2023" class="card__date">22 June 2023</time><p class="card__text">Forced displacement is a growing problem around the world. In 2015 the United Nations reported that 60 million people worldwide...</p></div></article></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Normalising the Menopause" href="/news/spotlight/normalising-the-menopause"><img src="/ImportedImages/Schools/IoP/News-and-Events/menopause-thumbnail.x5ff7ed87.png?crop=780,440,0,5&f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Normalising the Menopause" href="/news/spotlight/normalising-the-menopause">Normalising the Menopause</a></h3><time dateTime="18 April 2023" class="card__date">18 April 2023</time><p class="card__text"> Historically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological...</p></div></article></div></div><div class="Rowstyled__RowStyled-sc-10i5eft-0 efNMkJ newsRow"><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Clearing the smoke: the evidence behind vaping" href="/news/spotlight/clearing-the-smoke-the-evidence-behind-vaping"><img src="/newimages/ioppn/news-spotlights/new-report-by-kings-researchers-on-vaping-in-england-to-inform-national-policy.xde214bfd.jpg?w=780&h=554&crop=780,440,0,57&f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Clearing the smoke: the evidence behind vaping" href="/news/spotlight/clearing-the-smoke-the-evidence-behind-vaping">Clearing the smoke: the evidence behind vaping</a></h3><time dateTime="04 December 2022" class="card__date">04 December 2022</time><p class="card__text">Cigarettes kill over half of their long-term users. The World Health Organisation (WHO) considers the tobacco epidemic to be one...</p></div></article></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Reimagining India's health system" href="/news/spotlight/reimagining-indias-health-system"><img src="/newimages/alumni/news-misc-sizes/780-ria-india-institute.x2e5c0a81.png?f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Reimagining India's health system" href="/news/spotlight/reimagining-indias-health-system">Reimagining India's health system</a></h3><time dateTime="11 July 2022" class="card__date">11 July 2022</time><p class="card__text">Why is that India's voters appear to place curiously little emphasis on health when it comes to voting decisions? Professor...</p></div></article></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj newsRow--item"><article class="Cardstyled__CardStyled-u55ca0-0 gnBLyL"><a class="card__image-link" title="Where does data come from?" href="/news/spotlight/where-does-data-come-from"><img src="/ImportedImages/Schools/SSPP/sshm/data-image.xdc78d815.png?w=780&h=505&crop=780,440,0,33&f=webp" alt="" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ card__image"/></a><div class="card__body"><h3 class="card__heading"><a class="" title="Where does data come from?" href="/news/spotlight/where-does-data-come-from">Where does data come from?</a></h3><time dateTime="21 July 2022" class="card__date">21 July 2022</time><p class="card__text">The origin, or 'provenance' of data is important to gaining trust in policies and processes that are data driven. </p></div></article></div></div></div><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 ktbnYj"><div class="MediaQuerystyled__MediaQueryStyled-flwyer-0 fsrfYf"><div class="search"><form class="SearchInputWithSubmitstyled__SearchInputWithSubmitStyled-pplpbq-0 fDWpiV"><label for="search" class="sr-only">Search news and spotlight</label><div class="input-group"><input type="text" placeholder="Search news and spotlight" id="search" value=""/><a class="input-group__append" href="undefined?term=" target="_self" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="sr-only">Search</span><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 kUEDbG" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div></form></div></div><div data-test-id="contact-panel" class="Contactstyled__ContactStyled-sc-3vcyw3-0 ykeVR"><h3 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 bEzXvi">King’s Media Centre</h3><p class="Paragraphstyled__ParagraphStyled-sc-176xsi4-0 cgUnvG">Providing information and resources for journalists and media professionals.</p><div class="contact-link icon-link"><a href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/contactus" target="_self" rel="noopener noreferrer">Contact Corporate Communications</a></div><div class="contact-link icon-link"><a href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/statements/" target="_self" rel="noopener noreferrer">Statements</a></div></div><div class="SidebarFilterstyled__SidebarFilterStyled-sc-126qe62-0 edzcNo mb--32"><ul><li><span class="sidebar-filter-button active">Show all</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main><footer class="Footerstyled__FooterStyled-sc-10jrmii-0"><div class="FooterSocialMedia__FooterSocialMediaStyled-sc-1o8y4mm-0 hMgEfX"><div class="Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 hCMAWC"><div class="Columnstyled__ColumnStyled-f3ck65-0 cxWyvB wrapper"><h5 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 hVFhal">Connect with King’s College London</h5><div class="links"><a class="link" href="http://www.facebook.com/kingscollegelondon" target="_blank" title="King’s College London on Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 gOvwTb" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><a class="link" href="http://www.twitter.com/kingscollegelon" target="_blank" title="King’s College London on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 jhQmDt" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><a class="link" href="http://www.instagram.com/lifeatkings" target="_blank" title="King’s College London on Instagram" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 eAnuqc" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><a class="link" href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/7198" target="_blank" title="King’s College London on LinkedIn" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 fIEaIS" aria-hidden="true"></i></a><a class="link" href="http://www.youtube.com/user/kingscollegelondon" target="_blank" title="King’s College London on YouTube" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="Iconstyled__IconStyled-sc-1y8i1f9-0 sZron" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></div></div></div></div><div class="FooterMainstyled__FooterMainStyled-sc-9qa4f1-0 iHCCgl"><div class="Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 hCMAWC"><div class="footer-column"><h5 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 iKsmgH column-title">Study</h5><a href="/study/undergraduate">Degree courses<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/study/postgraduate-taught">Postgraduate taught<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/study/postgraduate-research">Postgraduate research<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/study/international">International<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/summer">Summer schools<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/student-experience">Student experience<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a></div><div class="footer-column"><h5 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 iKsmgH column-title">Information for</h5><a href="/new-students">New students<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/students">Current students<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="https://internal.kcl.ac.uk">Staff<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/alumni">Alumni<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a></div><div class="footer-column"><h5 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 iKsmgH column-title">Facilities</h5><a href="/study-at-kings/student-services">Student services<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/accommodation">Accommodation<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/library">Libraries & Collections<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/it">King’s IT<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="https://self-service.kcl.ac.uk/article/KA-01913/en-us">Academic Calendar<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a></div><div class="footer-column"><h5 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 iKsmgH column-title">Discover King's</h5><a href="/news">News Centre<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/events">Events<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="https://www.kclsu.org">Student's Union<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/visit">Visit King's<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/jobs">Work at King's<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/aboutkings">King's community<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a></div><div class="footer-column"><h5 class="Headingstyled__DynamicHeading-sc-1544wc-0 iKsmgH column-title">Contact us</h5><a class="footer-mobile-number" href="tel:+4402078365454">+44 (0)20 7836 5454</a><address>King's College London<br/>Strand<br/>London<br/>WC2R 2LS<br/>United Kingdom</address></div><div class="footer-column"><a href="/"><div class="Logostyled__LogoStyled-ihdj0q-0 iYSqld"><img src="/static/img/kcl-logo.svg?5bb1569efb406aadca16a184977b0ee2&f=webp" alt="King's College London" class="Imagestyled__ImageStyled-oe75a9-0 cPkLFZ"/></div></a></div></div></div><div class="FooterBottomstyled__FooterBottomStyled-sc-107msnq-0 eaBaaH"><div class="Containerstyled__ContainerStyled-sc-1vp98b6-0 hCMAWC"><a href="/terms">Terms & conditions<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/policyhub/modern-slavery-act-transparency-statement">Modern Slavery Act Transparency Statement<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/sitehelp">Site help<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/sitehelp/accessibility/accessibility">Accessibility<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/sitemap">Sitemap<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a><a href="/sitehelp/cookie">Cookies<span class="VisuallyHiddenstyled__VisuallyHiddenStyled-sc-1i5xmkp-0 kKIhPG">Footer navigation link</span></a></div></div></footer></div></div><script >window.versionStatus = "published"; window.REDUX_DATA = {"navigation":{"root":{"id":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","parentId":null,"projectId":"website","slug":"","displayName":"Home","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002F","childCount":38,"children":[{"id":"a442808b-6b05-45c0-8592-0986f316fec3","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"about","displayName":"About","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fabout","childCount":5,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"736338d2-ada8-46bf-84e6-fab225861f3f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"3.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"3997b103-4260-401c-9884-45e55d6929e9","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"business","displayName":"Business","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fbusiness","childCount":1,"children":[],"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":false},{"id":"bd855446-9e91-4052-87b9-f77a5de495bc","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"climate-sustainability","displayName":"King’s Climate & Sustainability","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fclimate-sustainability","childCount":7,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"e86279b5-2c8e-48bf-b528-dbd63d025cbc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"4.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"aa6e7252-49ef-4b9a-a95e-b3bbd3fab1b6","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"campuslife","displayName":"Campus life","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fcampuslife","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"b7ba7108-f1eb-4490-af1b-23def95c63cc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"5481a029-e1e9-440b-be26-4c55ab895bc5","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"discover","displayName":"Discover King's","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fdiscover","childCount":3,"children":[],"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"3.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"37644e5d-3a84-47ea-a3cc-198e445e9ca0","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"discover-kings","displayName":"Discover-kings","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fdiscover-kings","childCount":15,"children":[],"isCanonical":false,"version":{"versionNo":"1.0"},"includeInMenu":false},{"id":"ab69b95b-7e2b-4e98-a1ac-22124d85841d","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"events","displayName":"Events","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fevents","childCount":2,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"f2c461fe-3cfe-48be-b0af-8f1030f97dbb","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"featuredEvents","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":false},{"id":"ae12eff7-e922-4d52-bd58-a20e46593453","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"graduation","displayName":"King's Graduates","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fgraduation","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"9ab8064a-5a9f-4ff1-ae8b-d31bab95b89e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"1.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"184bb070-777e-4dbf-af34-84fc99583ca6","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"faculties-departments","displayName":"Our faculties","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Ffaculties-departments","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"65fa36c4-354c-43ac-8cf0-7f24331ce7fe","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"1.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"080ef13c-74a0-4bce-80b3-fb2de8476f9f","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"foi-disclosure","displayName":"Freedom of information disclosure log","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Ffoi-disclosure","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"aa1d74fa-f647-4670-97ea-443a5102e911","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"listingPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"1.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"8e843398-b727-45be-8fec-2a896a4440f3","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"impact","displayName":"impact","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fimpact","childCount":7,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"8fcb0950-7343-4343-bf22-c0f3d921bdce","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":false},{"id":"1ba5aac6-2ce0-4a80-afec-d2b9e39c0f43","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"jobs","displayName":"Jobs at King's College London","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fjobs","childCount":20,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"6017f527-a90c-42d4-a738-5a58c653030e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"3.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"e6e7e3a2-3632-44cf-9101-887720bf747f","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"kingsvenues","displayName":"King's Venues","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fkingsvenues","childCount":4,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"f714a2d0-b489-4b0e-a2df-94b7a05e13fe","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"19c51b7a-d378-4145-8eb5-39df4f9ffce6","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"new-students","displayName":"New Students","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fnew-students","childCount":11,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"4edc3e2d-5216-437d-899b-275387e9be96","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"4be8091c-820b-42e3-9b01-43a9bcc3c3fd","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"kumec","displayName":"King's Undergraduate Medical Education in the Community","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fkumec","childCount":4,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"473e9a39-7a4d-4ee9-a522-64a9063b28d4","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"baf50d3b-17ef-4954-97da-c39b5761a838","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"news","displayName":"News","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fnews","childCount":5,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"6018e3b2-1334-4e29-995b-bd2958b5027c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"featuredNews","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"4.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"0848529a-6fd9-414a-b73b-221922641beb","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"offer-holders","displayName":"Offer holders","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Foffer-holders","childCount":13,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"48f29272-b19d-482c-b3e5-09e1bb7dde57","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"4b1bf4ba-08db-4364-b9bb-cdce304f1099","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"online-payments","displayName":"Online payments","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fonline-payments","childCount":4,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"e9b47f3a-1f0f-4ffb-90f5-1fab11212223","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":false},{"id":"1642906b-57da-43df-b621-454fb380efb5","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"onlinecourses","displayName":"onlinecourses","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fonlinecourses","childCount":32,"children":[],"isCanonical":false,"version":{"versionNo":"3.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"638a559d-ca13-4c1a-883c-4f088edaa252","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"people","displayName":"People","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fpeople","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"75d774bb-0f99-4956-a17e-8a8d80226c29","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"listingPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"2adff70f-0193-420d-8f51-fe2bf8c6ece6","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"policyhub","displayName":"Policy Hub","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fpolicyhub","childCount":184,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"ea43a2ee-2b45-4629-be06-5396c729d7a4","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"listingPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"8eab12c9-8d7a-428d-8a12-6604ef4e0184","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"professional-services","displayName":"Professional services","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fprofessional-services","childCount":44,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"002c160a-92b2-4e85-b3b9-35ce2bcbb512","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"professionalServicesHub","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"8.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"d0b5a704-b064-41c9-9222-1d4539b4166e","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"research","displayName":"Research & Innovation","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fresearch","childCount":16,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"36fd05c8-4c24-42e2-abcf-5125fd505e2d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"6.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"28a34c49-aa5a-4a8f-8667-f01611addae6","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"sail-centres","displayName":"SaIL Centres","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fsail-centres","childCount":8,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"d55db417-6374-4050-89a0-50c576fe3a4d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"3.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"7e2881d7-12b2-4644-94ec-44ef4e242086","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"science","displayName":"Science at King’s","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fscience","childCount":5,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"c22431d4-3637-47ca-bb47-31e9513909f7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"1.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"67ffe940-e93f-4486-be8e-4039785445de","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"search","displayName":"King's Search","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fsearch","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"d4794c3f-9a97-4117-abdd-30aa9714567b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"3.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"bfbe127a-5d69-4969-9260-7c6f9fa18acf","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"sitehelp","displayName":"Site help","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fsitehelp","childCount":20,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"d61cf247-2b4d-4d83-a4c6-a86753a57139","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"5.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"fa600be3-e476-4ee8-98b0-2b97649add6f","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"sitemap","displayName":"Sitemap","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fsitemap","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"262e23b4-725c-4ed5-b284-f22b2012ed26","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"1.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"57418bd6-a10d-4f1d-b8d6-3bf23244f95c","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"smhw","displayName":"Student Mental Health and Wellbeing at King’s","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fsmhw","childCount":4,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"2bd9bae2-b780-46b3-a1e3-2b74e01d85df","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"5.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"abafc857-f952-44f7-afb2-abc206b1a5b6","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"student-fees","displayName":"Student Fees","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fstudent-fees","childCount":22,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"cbce0574-5aae-4a77-9160-5c3af764dc7c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"be414724-fd37-496b-abf8-d009ee1f6582","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"study","displayName":"Study","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fstudy","childCount":29,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"53b55f5d-b28b-4655-b8db-a5b5c81d5fe5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":false,"version":{"versionNo":"10.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"086a634c-dfd1-41f7-8409-6a0daebf2eff","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"study-at-kings","displayName":"Study at King's","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fstudy-at-kings","childCount":20,"children":[],"isCanonical":false,"version":{"versionNo":"7.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"1fc0f815-d93b-4e3c-9032-709f3c451cb9","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"terms","displayName":"Terms & conditions","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fterms","childCount":3,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"e9e8d4f0-30de-4630-8812-194512f78b6b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"8.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"6f5a95fc-ec73-4198-ad68-ec5be7cdef30","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"test","displayName":"Test","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Ftest","childCount":22,"children":[],"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"8.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"b22b4f90-6252-4b19-bb8b-61a0f74b59dc","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"union-temp","displayName":"Union - temp","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Funion-temp","childCount":3,"children":[],"isCanonical":false,"version":{"versionNo":"1.0"},"includeInMenu":false},{"id":"30cca8fa-b9ee-4a4d-8c8a-519f9116ffa7","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"unions","displayName":"Unions","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Funions","childCount":0,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"09ddc849-0795-490d-8b53-cb273ffb584e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"4.0"},"includeInMenu":false},{"id":"8d005880-b502-4baa-a138-fe62ff7ef689","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"visit","displayName":"visit","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fvisit","childCount":1,"children":[],"entry":{"sys":{"id":"2123a421-db4e-4c67-b6f8-342a22617e57","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"locationHub","dataFormat":"entry"}},"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"4.0"},"includeInMenu":true},{"id":"8caaa783-7c65-4a0d-88b8-48d936fbe5ed","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"welcome-to-kings","displayName":"Welcome to King's","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fwelcome-to-kings","childCount":2,"children":[],"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"2.0"},"includeInMenu":true}],"isCanonical":false,"version":{"versionNo":"13.0"},"includeInMenu":true},"error":{"isError":false,"message":null},"isReady":true},"routing":{"currentHostname":"live.webingress.kcl.contensis.cloud","currentPath":"\u002Fnews","currentNode":{"id":"baf50d3b-17ef-4954-97da-c39b5761a838","parentId":"e6e21805-ed32-4c08-b538-3e306d97fe63","projectId":"website","slug":"news","displayName":"News","language":"en-GB","path":"\u002Fnews","childCount":5,"children":[],"isCanonical":true,"version":{"versionNo":"4.0"},"includeInMenu":true},"currentNodeAncestors":[],"currentProject":"website","entryID":"6018e3b2-1334-4e29-995b-bd2958b5027c","entry":{"newsMostPopular":[{"summary":"Peanut allergy could plummet by 77% if peanut products were added to all babies’ diets at four to six months of age. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"babybowl780440","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"babybowl780440","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"ec77cec0-e1e0-447e-9f15-0e12bde6868d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fimage-library\u002FPress-Photos\u002Fbabybowl780440.x46b6aa0c.jpg"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Immunology","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"41345627-0407-4922-a0df-6cdb0bdd10ba","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Biomedical and life sciences","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"44d67726-ed46-493a-a35a-0163e23b3483","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fsubject-areas\u002Fbiomedical-and-life-sciences"}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine","entryDescription":"lsm","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b1a8567a-2e0c-423a-877e-ff5a1c989a1e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Life Course & Population Sciences","entryDescription":"slcps","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"7c4a9e90-fc53-4520-985c-532729d0d4dc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences","entryDescription":"sims","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f61a71ca-abf2-45e2-b881-9f771e621832","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology","entryDescription":"immunobiology","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f4ed58b7-78c0-49e6-9042-e71acc9a0562","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Paediatric Allergy Group","entryDescription":"paediatricallergy","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"de766eaa-0f39-4434-81c7-66fc8176bbce","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2023-03-17T10:00:00","searchOptions":null,"entryDescription":"Peanut allergy could plummet by 77% if peanut products were added to all babies’ diets at four to six months of age. ","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2031537","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"draft"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2031537","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2031537","created":"2023-03-17T10:02:01.0580599Z","versionNo":"3.0","modified":"2023-03-17T14:28:27.6541212Z","modifiedBy":"k2031537","published":"2023-03-17T14:29:04.2263054Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"04c3fcaf-c351-44c7-8d9e-f1643c36f549","projectId":"website","slug":"peanut-allergies-could-fall-by-77-if-babies-weaned-early-on-peanut-products","properties":{}},"title":"Peanut allergies could fall by 77% if babies weaned early on peanut products","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[{"entryTitle":"Life Course & Population Health Sciences","entryDescription":"Life Course & Population Health Sciences MPhil\u002FPhD\u002F MD(Res)","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d00ed461-42a1-493d-a8af-49592385cc3a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"postgraduateResearchDegree","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-research\u002Fareas\u002Flife-course-sciences-mphil-phd"}}],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Gideon Lack","entryDescription":"Professor of Paediatric Allergy","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5ccbe86e-7b05-41b2-8775-9db78d716f45","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EPeanut allergy has seen a three-fold increase in recent decades. It now affects around one in 50 children in the UK.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrevious research led by Professor Gideon Lack from King’s shows that eating peanut products from an early age during infancy can reduce the risk of allergy and help reverse this trend.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA new study published in the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.jacionline.org\u002Farticle\u002FS0091-6749(22)01656-6\u002Ffulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003EJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Now\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, identifies a clear ‘window of opportunity’ between four and six months of age depending on the child’s health.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe new analysis was led by Professor Graham Roberts from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre and University of Southampton, and Professor Gideon Lack at King’s, with expertise from the Immune Tolerance Network (ITN) and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in the USA.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMost peanut allergies have already developed by the time a child turns one year of age.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is more common in children with severe eczema and egg allergy. Children of non-white ethnicity are also more likely to be affected.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe new study, with contributions from Professor George du Toit and Mary Feeney from King's, used data drawn from the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) and Learning Early About Peanut Allergy (LEAP) randomised-controlled trials - both studies led by Professor Lack at King’s and Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust - plus the Peanut Allergy Sensitization observational study. These include children who are at high and others who are at low risk of developing peanut allergy.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe modelled approach showed it was best to introduce peanut products to babies at four to six months of age. For babies with eczema, four months is recommended.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis should be in the form of smooth peanut butter or other peanut snacks suitable for babies – not whole or broken peanuts. The baby should also be developmentally ready to start solids.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearchers advise mothers to breastfeed at least the first six months of their child’s life as well as introducing peanuts to their diet from four to six months.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOverall, the data found that introducing peanut products into all babies’ diets by six months could reduce peanut allergy across the population by up to 77%.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWaiting to introduce the peanut products until 12 months of age would lead to only a 33% reduction.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProfessor Graham Roberts, from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre and University of Southampton said: “Over several decades, the deliberate avoidance of peanut has understandably led to parental fear of early introduction.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“This latest evidence shows that applying simple, low-cost, safe interventions to the whole population could be an effective preventive public health strategy that would deliver vast benefits for future generations.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"The benefits of introducing peanut products into babies’ diets decreases as they get older. This reflects the experience in Israel, a culture in which peanut products are commonly introduced early into the infant diet and peanut allergy is rare.","source":"Professor Gideon Lack, from King’s and Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust "}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EHe added: “There is a narrow window of opportunity to prevent an allergy from developing. Introducing peanut products at four to six months of age could substantially reduce the number of children developing peanut allergy.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research also showed that the greatest benefit can be achieved if the whole population is targeted. This is because most allergies occur in the many babies without any known risk factors.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe findings provide evidence for recommendations in recent North American and European allergy guidelines. These recommendations suggest the early introduction of peanut products for all infants, based on an extrapolation of previously published data from the LEAP and EAT studies conducted at King’s.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch into the prevention of peanut allergy in children has been driven by years of investment by the NIHR, ITN, NIAID, and partners around the globe.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe LEAP study was led by Professor Gideon Lack and Professor George Du Toit from King’s College London and the NIHR Guy’s and St Thomas’ Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The trial examined the early introduction of peanut products and enrolled 640 babies considered at high risk of developing peanut allergy from the Evelina London Children’s Hospital.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt was supported by grants from the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health and by Food Allergy Research and Education, the Medical Research Council (MRC) and Asthma UK Centre. The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) provided additional support.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe EAT Study investigated the early introduction of six allergenic foods: milk, peanut, sesame, fish, egg and wheat. It was supported by the NIHR through the Guy’s and St Thomas’ BRC and an NIHR Clinician Scientist Award with grants from the FSA and MRC.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":null,"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"Peanut allergies could fall by 77% if babies weaned early on peanut products"},{"summary":"Experts at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King’s feature throughout BBC One documentary ‘Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism’.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"BBC Monitoring","transformations":"w=780&h=525&crop=780,440,0,43","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"BBC Monitoring","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"5581a3fb-ffb9-44da-aa3a-dd57e934e8b9","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002FSecurity\u002Fws\u002Ffeature-800-430\u002Fbbc-monitoring.x30255012.jpg?w=780&h=525&crop=780,440,0,43"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Psychology","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"090e9b98-f462-4ccb-8da0-4fc5502ed1d0","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Psychiatry","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5b299928-2be2-47bc-b1af-4880c2a183b3","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Good health & well-being (SDG 3)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"cb19693e-67aa-4c11-872d-7f8df532ba81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Reduced inequalities (SDG 10)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"a28a9bd1-b885-4c85-87e1-8cf03b924c1a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience","entryDescription":"ioppn","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bb8b5ba7-60ec-4824-9fba-531af7941436","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre","entryDescription":"sgdp","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"2cd031f7-73cf-4614-b713-cec574d6b940","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","entryDescription":"\u002Facademic-psychiatry\u002Fabout\u002Fdepartments\u002Fchild-adolescent-psychiatry","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"1722c105-0dc8-4b38-8e3b-b4334b0c2f8e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Eating Disorders Research Group","entryDescription":"eatingdisorders","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"7f003e62-d4d2-4d61-9e53-5c7f1f91a3e6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Service at King’s","entryDescription":"service","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"651338db-f62f-4ea4-9a8f-69096896dc6d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"King's Maudsley Partnership for Children and Young People","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"cc9149c1-b7f8-401a-be2e-cf1047e8816b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"researchProfile","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2023-03-15T14:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Experts at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King’s feature throughout BBC One documentary ‘Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism’.","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k20099267","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k0841920","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k20099267","created":"2023-03-15T13:49:07.2576011Z","versionNo":"5.0","modified":"2024-04-29T08:52:52.7586916Z","modifiedBy":"k0841920","published":"2024-04-29T08:58:29.2017664Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"7611339f-4564-4191-9737-2bf4f9434620","projectId":"website","slug":"christine-mcguinness-unmasking-my-autism-kings-experts-on-bbc-one","properties":{}},"title":"Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism – King's experts on BBC One","relatedLinks":[{"type":"links","value":{"linkLabel":"Professor Kate Tchanturia developed PEACE Pathway, a treatment programme for eating disorders and autism ","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.peacepathway.org\u002F"}}],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Francesca Happe","entryDescription":"Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"53d817a7-8b6c-49e5-85aa-0606dd8e6ebb","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Professor Kate Tchanturia","entryDescription":"Professor of Psychology in Eating Disorders ","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"25a4b34c-5588-4a81-86bd-cebd0a33c43a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EIn 2021, 33-year-old Christine McGuinness discovered that she was autistic. There are thousands of women in the UK, just like Christine, who have been living with undiagnosed autism for decades. In a new \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fiplayer\u002Fepisode\u002Fm001k31t\u002Fchristine-mcguinness-unmasking-my-autism\"\u003EBBC One documentary\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Christine meets with experts at King’s IoPPN and people with lived experience to help uncover the differences in autistic traits in women and girls, and why they often go undiagnosed.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Our understanding of autism has changed enormously, particularly the recognition in women. The truth is that historically research has mainly looked at boys and men, so what we know about autism is largely what we know about autism for boys and men. We’re trying to address that balance now and do much more research with women and girls.","source":"Professor Francesca Happé, Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at King’s IoPPN"}},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"Professor Francesca Happé, Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at King’s IoPPN. Image taken from Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism - Courtesy of BBC One and Optomen TV.","asset":{"entryTitle":"Francesca Happe BBC One","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"026767c0-febb-43af-abcc-633049bd9084","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Ffrancesca-happe-bbc-one.x6384f6fc.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fprofessor-kate-tchanturia\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EProfessor Kate Tchanturia\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Professor of Psychology in Eating Disorders at King’s IoPPN and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, said: “We are one of the largest national eating disorder services. Almost a third of our patients have high levels of autism, and we want to make sure that we don’t do anything which harms more than treats… Not only are we making a difference in the quality of the care, but length of time in the inpatient ward is shortened by almost two weeks – and two weeks is a lot of time!”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"Professor Kate Tchanturia, Professor of Psychology in Eating Disorders at King’s IoPPN and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. Image taken from Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism - Courtesy of BBC One and Optomen TV.","asset":{"entryTitle":"Kate Tchanturia BBC One","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"a722c47b-897d-4712-97df-6c338bbe330d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Fkate-tchanturia-bbc-one.x33edf30c.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EAccording to NHS digital, there are currently 122,000 people in England waiting for an autism assessment. One of the main tests that you take to find out if you are autistic is called the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOver the last five years, \u003Ca title=\"Profile of Emma Colvert\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fkclpure.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fportal\u002Fen\u002Fpersons\u002Femma-colvert\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDr Emma Colvert\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fvictoria-milner\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDr Victoria Milner\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and \u003Ca title=\"Profile of Hannah Hayward\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fkclpure.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fportal\u002Fen\u002Fpersons\u002Fhannah-hayward\"\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHannah Hayward\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E have been working together at the IoPPN to find out how to improve the ADOS to help clinicians spot the more subtle signs in women and girls.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDr Emma Colvert, Chartered Psychologist and researcher at King’s IoPPN, said: “We call [ADOS] a gold standard measure for autism and that’s because it’s the one that is really very well designed to elicit behaviour that will tell us about autism.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"Dr Emma Colvert, Chartered Psychologist and researcher at King’s IoPPN. Image taken from Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism - Courtesy of BBC One and Optomen TV.","asset":{"entryTitle":"Emma Colvert BBC One","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"f02535c2-21a4-4d10-932d-b441efc9e688","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Femma-colvert-bbc-one.xdcbef15e.png"}}}},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"Dr Victoria Milner, Doctoral Researcher at King's IoPPN and Trainee Clinical Psychologist at Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust. Image taken from Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism - Courtesy of BBC One and Optomen TV.","asset":{"entryTitle":"Victoria Milner BBC One","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"8d9a4ebe-3c72-421d-ac2b-f2c39e7bfbc0","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Fvictoria-milner-bbc-one.xbc63084a.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EHannah Hayward, Neurodevelopmental Specialist and PhD student at King’s IoPPN, said: “Particularly as people get older, the strategies that they put in place to cope means that they’ll respond [to ADOS] in a way that we would consider more subtle.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHannah continued: “Another aspect we’re looking at are friendships and relationships. When I do ADOS’s now I’ll spend quite a lot of time on that. With a lot of the girls and women I’ve worked with, I’ve found a common thing is the vulnerability aspect in both friendships and romantic relationships. Sadly, one of the common things that keeps coming up is a history of domestic and sexual violence in a lot of their relationships.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"Hannah Hayward, Neurodevelopmental Specialist and PhD student at King’s IoPPN. Image taken from Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism - Courtesy of BBC One and Optomen TV.","asset":{"entryTitle":"Hannah Hayward BBC One","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"3761f1fa-d597-4d7c-b387-15ca1b45bbeb","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Fhannah-hayward-bbc-one.x353437de.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Ffrancesca-happe\"\u003EProfessor Francesca Happé\u003C\u002Fa\u003E explains, “Autistic people in general in a neurotypical world can be really vulnerable. They don’t expect people to lie, for example, or to cheat them. Autistic women have a whole extra layer of vulnerability because how do you know if what’s going on in your private life and your sexual life is what you should accept? If you’re an autistic woman who doesn’t know to ask or who believes what they see on TV is real, that could get you into some really horrible situations.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"It’s absolutely vital for the wider public to understand about autism in women and girls. We need the people on the ground day to day to know what their looking for. Without that knowledge, we’re not going to have them coming for diagnosis and getting the help and support that can come with a diagnosis.","source":"Dr Emma Colvert "}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EWatch the BBC One documentary, \u003Cem\u003EChristine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism\u003C\u002Fem\u003E, on \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fiplayer\u002Fepisode\u002Fm001k31t\u002Fchristine-mcguinness-unmasking-my-autism\"\u003EBBC iPlayer\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"Christine McGuinness: Unmasking My Autism – King's experts on BBC One"}],"entryThumbnail":null,"newsCarousel":[{"summary":"Dementia Journeys: Towards Better End of Life Dementia Care, a new exhibition, now open at Science Gallery London, powerfully presents the stories of people who have cared for loved ones dying with dementia, alongside Empowering Better End of-Life Dementia Care (EMBED-Care) research findings, to highlight the ways in which palliative care for people with dementia could – and should - be improved.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"a headshot portrait of Tia a participant of dementia journeys","transformations":null,"caption":"Tia's story is featured in Dementia Journeys running until the 22 June. ","asset":{"entryTitle":"Dementia Journeys - Tia - credit Allie Crewe 780 x 440px","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"5f9fc62e-f36b-42a4-9f92-8821b7b1af61","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fculture\u002Farticle-image-780x450px\u002F2024\u002Fscience-gallery-london\u002Fevents\u002Fdementia-journeys-tia-credit-allie-crewe-780-x-440px.xa03cc434.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Nursing","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"8b4e37bd-a154-441f-bc5f-8863c9ad7823","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Midwifery","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bf990d15-cfcc-4660-902d-5452e7e17943","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Palliative care","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"095573c9-9b97-4e0e-a422-57ccd5b988f1","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Arts","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f5856c1e-5208-4fd2-a812-ab07a87fd8ad","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care","entryDescription":"nmpc","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"979b7ae8-89a5-41bf-8c09-73bc3dd845e7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"King’s Culture","entryDescription":"cultural","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"be2077ea-c269-4214-950d-7d03ff60e187","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Arts & Humanities","entryDescription":"artshums","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"de6d85de-790b-4249-8221-286ef414416d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-04-04T10:20:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Dementia Journeys: Towards Better End of Life Dementia Care, a new exhibition, now open at Science Gallery London, powerfully presents the stories of people who have cared for loved ones dying with dementia, alongside Empowering Better End of-Life Dementia Care (EMBED-Care) research findings, to highlight the ways in which palliative care for people with dementia could – and should - be improved.","relatedEvent":{"entryTitle":"Dementia Journeys: Towards Better End of Life Dementia Care","entryDescription":"Dementia is the most common cause of death in the UK, but access to good end of life care is highly unequal. Dementia Journeys is a new exhibition at Science Gallery London that powerfully presents the experiences of those who care for people dying with dementia, and uncovers ways in which care could be improved.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b1ce888c-00c0-477a-b383-56e10bd4ba09","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"events","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},"sys":{"owner":"k2372005","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2372005","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2372005","created":"2024-04-04T09:12:54.1517476Z","versionNo":"2.0","modified":"2024-04-04T09:24:02.9212425Z","modifiedBy":"k2372005","published":"2024-04-04T09:24:15.5712092Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"6d130a9b-030b-4bb6-8abe-6033399cf242","projectId":"website","slug":"dementia-journeys-opens","properties":{}},"title":"Dementia Journeys opens at Science Gallery London","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThrough portraits, cartoons and poetry, Dementia Journeys paints a picture of the experiences of three women – Tia, Fran and Keiko. Tia cared for her Nan, Cherry, until the end of her life, Fran cared for both of her parents, Bob and Pat, who were diagnosed around the same time and died fourteen months apart, and Keiko continues to care for Javed, her husband of 46 years, who remains mobile but is no longer able to speak or smile. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBy bringing these women’s lived experiences together with research insights and artistic interventions, Dementia Journeys highlights the complexity of needs experienced by people with dementia, and the significant and difficult role carers play to ensure comfort and dignity for people dying with dementia. The exhibition will also invite visitors to consider their own wishes and priorities regarding end-of life care and our collective hopes for people living and dying with dementia.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe concept for Dementia Journeys emerged from \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Feur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\u002F?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fpsychiatry%2Fresearch%2Fmarie-curie-palliative-care-research-department%2Fresearch%2Fcentre-dementia-palliative-care&data=05%7C02%7Ckatherine.sleeman%40kcl.ac.uk%7C093b112e8b6c4405ac2908dc49cebde1%7C8370cf1416f34c16b83c724071654356%7C0%7C0%7C638466399499423793%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=3ahh%2FgTaBucJzHHtwUkJHEbx7nDVR7UJSlCMUbhzbQg%3D&reserved=0\"\u003EEmpowering Better End of-Life Dementia Care (EMBED-Care)\u003C\u002Fa\u003E – a 6-year research programme, the largest funded of its kind, jointly led by Professor Liz Sampson at University College London and Professor Catherine Evans at the Cicely Saunders Institute at King’s. It has brought together clinicians, researchers, policy makers, patients, and families to catalyse a step-change in palliative care for people with dementia. The aim of Dementia Journeys is to spark public discussions around dying with dementia, and engage millions of people in the conversation, by combining art, science and lived experience.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EArtistic Collaborations\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFormer Creative Director of the ground-breaking and international award-winning SICK! Festival, and Founding Creative Director of We Live Here, Tim Harrison, has curated Dementia Journeys, working with King's Professor Katherine Sleeman (EMBED-Care’s public and policy engagement lead), photographer Allie Crewe, graphic novelist Ian Williams, poet Lousie Wallwein and the team at King’s Culture, the university’s knowledge exchange institute for creative and cultural engagement.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETwice British Journal of Photography Portrait of Britain award-winner Allie Crewe, who is currently caring for a parent experiencing dementia, met with each participant to discuss their experiences and produce stunning portrait photography, revealing the person behind the label of ‘carer’.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGraphic Novelist and Doctor Ian Williams worked alongside participants to sketch their stories into large-scale cartoon strips for display within the exhibition. Each cartoon reveals more about the people they cared and care for, the impact dementia has had upon their way of life and their reflections on care provision and grief.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPoet, playwright, and performer Louise Wallwein delivered a poetry workshop with five carers of people with dementia, including Tia, Fran, and Keiko, to co-create a manifesto for end-of-life dementia care. The lines of poetry that form the manifesto run throughout the exhibition, alongside the EMBED-Care research outcomes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the final room of the exhibition, visitors to Dementia Journeys will be able to play a card game to explore their wishes and priorities around end-of-life care and will be invited to join a conversation about end-of-life care.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch2\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDementia and EMBED-Care\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDementia is the most common cause of death in the UK. By 2040 it’s estimated that annually 220,000 people will die with dementia, with many experiencing distressing symptoms like pain and agitation. Access to good care for people with dementia towards end of life is highly unequal.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProfessor Katherine Sleeman, EMBED-Care’s public and policy engagement lead said:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Both death and dementia are taboo subjects in our society. And yet, dementia is the leading cause of death, and the number of people dying with dementia is anticipated to increase several times over the next decades.\n\nPalliative care can improve physical comfort as well as psychological, spiritual, and social concerns for people with dementia. But only half of the public know that palliative care is relevant for people with dementia.\n\nThis exhibition shines a light on caring for someone with dementia near the end of life. Shown through the eyes of three inspirational – but ordinary – women, we want our exhibition to spark conversations about the importance of good care towards the end of life and generate a groundswell of public support for improving dementia care","source":"Professor Katherine Sleeman, EMBED-Care’s public and policy engagement lead"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDementia Journeys: Towards Better End of Life Dementia Care will run until 22 June at \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Flondon.sciencegallery.com\u002Fsgl-events\u002Fdementia-journeys\"\u003EScience Gallery London\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Arts & Culture","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5ebf5622-b7ff-4e83-af45-848d88d9240d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"Dementia Journeys opens at Science Gallery London"},{"summary":"King’s is investing £45.5 million in science talent, research, education and infrastructure to accelerate growth, interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"King's science student","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"KIS female academic","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"903ad98c-ff6b-430a-8c25-b5e00ddde0b1","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnew-images\u002Fkis-female-academic.x7c4540e9.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Natural Sciences","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d2374e61-c13e-4d64-a923-a1701fb068f6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chemistry","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4de1588f-ac2b-433d-b9c5-32c42d073237","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Physics","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4d31dd19-f1f1-4d67-bd67-1378d547ea5e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Mathematics","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"8efaf9cf-f1d7-4093-94d6-a5d1bc9444ef","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Natural Sciences","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d2374e61-c13e-4d64-a923-a1701fb068f6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Biomedical and life sciences","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"44d67726-ed46-493a-a35a-0163e23b3483","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fsubject-areas\u002Fbiomedical-and-life-sciences"}},{"entryTitle":"Imaging sciences","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"11ddae65-e35e-4e0b-afee-a1a211ac9b2f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine","entryDescription":"lsm","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b1a8567a-2e0c-423a-877e-ff5a1c989a1e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences","entryDescription":"nmes","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"25fe09c1-536a-496d-a117-0b718f3072d5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences","entryDescription":"dentistry","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"a1253941-7c62-4c7b-ac76-dfa251913847","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience","entryDescription":"ioppn","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bb8b5ba7-60ec-4824-9fba-531af7941436","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care","entryDescription":"nmpc","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"979b7ae8-89a5-41bf-8c09-73bc3dd845e7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Employer Engagement","entryDescription":"employers","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"170750de-4140-4072-be27-27b1655f7281","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-01-25T09:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"King’s is investing £45.5 million in science talent, research, education and infrastructure to accelerate growth, interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation. ","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2031537","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1810512","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2031537","created":"2024-01-22T15:41:23.2385224Z","versionNo":"7.0","modified":"2024-04-11T11:42:15.191601Z","modifiedBy":"k1810512","published":"2024-04-11T11:43:17.8061463Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"3ccaa113-7890-4e0b-ba9c-233aed0dcebf","projectId":"website","slug":"kings-supercharges-science-major-investment-talent","properties":{}},"title":"King's supercharges science with major investment in talent, education and research","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[{"entryTitle":"Natural Sciences","entryDescription":"The Natural Sciences BSc degree is designed for students who have a passion for science and discovery. ","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"82995250-9213-4d0b-803f-047f7c842aaa","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"undergraduateCourse","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fcourses\u002Fnatural-sciences"}}],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Rachel Mills","entryDescription":"Senior Vice President (Academic)","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"750237ef-93c1-4d0b-be82-40ce98532d1e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Mark French","entryDescription":"Assistant Principal (Campus Futures)","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"2e7d127d-0941-4872-9cbc-9ed056e243fb","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EA major multi-million-pound investment in education, research and state-of-the-art facilities at King's is advancing knowledge, strengthening skills and powering exploration across the sciences.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis new transformational investment will expand King’s future-facing science education offer and advance synergies that connect the sciences, leveraging the breadth of the University’s expertise across health, the arts, law, technology, engineering and beyond to enhance teaching and drive research breakthroughs. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s has a rich history of scientific breakthroughs, from discovering the structure of DNA at the intersection of biology and physics, to developing the theory of electromagnetism by bringing together theories of magnetism, electricity and light and conducting the world’s first human-to-human blood transfusion by applying scientific knowledge to medical interventions. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"King’s has been delivering groundbreaking science for almost two hundred years. Today, the world’s most pressing challenges demand science solutions that are not defined by traditional disciplines and that emerge from the intersection of current knowledge. Through this multi-million-pound investment programme, King's will leverage its two-century legacy – building on the exceptional work of our world-class scientists – to power a new era of interdisciplinary science innovation that meet society’s ever-changing needs.","source":"Professor Rachel Mills, Senior Vice President (Academic) and Professor of Ocean Chemistry at King’s"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EInvesting in research and talent \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s is\u003Cstrong\u003E \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003Ecreating the conditions needed to stimulate new discoveries by appointing staff in both the core science disciplines and at disciplinary interfaces, providing the infrastructure for novel collaborations and incentivising research efforts that have the potential to change the world. A total of 64 new academic positions, as well as teams to support the delivery of education, technical services and research development, are planned to strengthen King’s scientific excellence.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBreakthrough interdisciplinary centres\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s is launching high-profile interdisciplinary research centres in critical growth areas for the UK economy. This includes the newly launched Net Zero Centre and the Centre for the Physical Science of Life, alongside plans for new centres in Statistics and in Quantum Technologies. These new facilities will connect academic specialisms to enhance King’s response to major societal challenges, such as sustainability and healthcare fit for the future.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"kalturaVideo","value":{"videoDescription":"King’s is investing £45.5 million in science talent, research, education and infrastructure to accelerate growth, interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation.\n\nThis new transformational investment will expand King’s future-facing science education offer and advance synergies that connect the sciences, leveraging the breadth of the University’s expertise across health, the arts, law, technology, engineering and beyond to enhance teaching and drive research breakthroughs. \n\nLearn more: kcl.ac.uk\u002Fscience","videoTitle":"King's supercharges science with major investment in talent, education and research","kalturaLink":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fmedia\u002FKing%27s+supercharges+science+with+major+investment+in+talent%2C+education+and+research\u002F1_uzq5cx4g"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBoosting interdisciplinary science education\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s new Natural Sciences degree, which welcomes its first cohort in September 2024, brings together the full spectrum of fundamental science subjects – biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics. The unique undergraduate programme combines interdisciplinary scientific study with entrepreneurial training and professional development. Crucially, the degree will prepare students for a wide range of careers by developing problem-solving, innovation and creative and critical thinking skills. A complementary suite of MSc programmes aligned to our new research centres will launch in 2026.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EState-of-the-art infrastructure \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the investment, King’s is rapidly developing new laboratories and science teaching spaces to provide the high-quality, modern infrastructure and facilities needed to support science education and research across its central London campuses. This investment will position King’s as an international hub for scientific discovery and a nurturing ground for the next generation of science innovators and leaders.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProfessor Mark French, Assistant Principal (Campus Futures), said: “This is an exciting time for science at King’s. We are driving forward an ambitious investment programme that will rapidly scale our science capabilities by strengthening our science education programmes, bolstering our research talent and transforming our facilities and infrastructure. This significant investment will deepen our academic excellence and propel innovation across scientific disciplines.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERead more about Science at King’s at \u003Ca href=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fscience\"\u003Ewww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fscience\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Technology & Science","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"60c84afe-f51e-4e80-af7d-188d9eff995c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"University","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e7ae859c-7867-4bbf-8d45-5b40e62ea10f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Society","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3376166e-dba4-4824-9278-b4b710cddf81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"King's supercharges science with major investment in talent, education and research"}],"spotlightHeroFeaured":[{"summary":" Historically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological symptoms of menopause can be debilitating, seriously impacting a woman’s life. Over the last decade, King’s has been a pioneer in menopause research, bringing innovative treatment options to women, influencing policy and medical guidelines, and helping to normalise the conversation. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Menopause spotlight","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Menopause spotlight","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"e461ab6a-05eb-4642-9df0-7029aaf0cbe4","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fmenopause-spotlight.xabf1c3f1.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Mental Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c1dbd1f0-ee62-43e7-8411-64256b8cabd6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Women","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"41c003fc-313b-4ea7-b688-ea49a59ba45a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience","entryDescription":"ioppn","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bb8b5ba7-60ec-4824-9fba-531af7941436","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Mental Health & Psychological Sciences","entryDescription":"mental-health-and-psychological-sciences","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"015c99db-dd48-4eae-a253-ab99290cecb2","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of Psychology","entryDescription":"psychology","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"7fc7484e-592d-4150-a84a-d6cbdc8c3bfc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2023-04-18T14:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":" Historically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological symptoms of menopause can be debilitating, seriously impacting a woman’s life. Over the last decade, King’s has been a pioneer in menopause research, bringing innovative treatment options to women, influencing policy and medical guidelines, and helping to normalise the conversation. ","sys":{"owner":"k1346588","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"spotlight","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k20099267","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1346588","created":"2023-04-17T08:25:47.4079697Z","versionNo":"4.0","modified":"2023-11-30T15:50:53.6420037Z","modifiedBy":"k20099267","published":"2023-11-30T15:51:08.2162012Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"d53a8a12-e8e8-4c8c-9108-f4c8314234dc","projectId":"website","slug":"normalising-the-menopause","properties":{}},"title":"Normalising the Menopause","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"relatedResearch":[],"featuredImage":{"altText":"Menopause thumbnail","transformations":"crop=780,440,0,5","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Menopause thumbnail","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"52c01d27-2bf7-4006-930b-0e625426554f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fmenopause-thumbnail.x5ff7ed87.png?crop=780,440,0,5"}}},"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Myra Hunter","entryDescription":"Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"69c558ea-9882-4bb5-b9e5-dfbd9d10dc50","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Sally Marlow","entryDescription":"Professor of Practice in Public Understanding of Mental Health Research","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d4c456e3-35b1-4f42-a4de-724acc85d0d5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"relatedSpotlightArticle":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EHistorically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological symptoms of menopause can be debilitating, seriously impacting their life. Over the last decade, King’s has been a pioneer in menopause research, bringing innovative treatment options to women, influencing policy and medical guidelines, and helping to normalise the conversation.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMenopause is the time of life when a woman's ovaries stop producing hormones and menstrual periods stop. The cessation of menstrual periods is often associated with a variety of symptoms, including vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes and night sweats), anxiety, depression, decreased libido, vaginal dryness, insomnia and difficulty concentrating (brain fog). In the UK alone, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ons.gov.uk\u002Faboutus\u002Ftransparencyandgovernance\u002Ffreedomofinformationfoi\u002Fnumberofwomenagedbetween45and60bothintheukandinengland\"\u003Ethere are over 7.2 million women aged between 45-60\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, the ages when menopause most commonly occurs, so around 1.8 million women could be experiencing problematic symptoms at any one time.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most common symptoms are hot flushes and night sweats, which affect about 80 per cent of middle-aged women. Around a quarter of women report that these symptoms affect the quality of their daily lives, and women report that they can be particularly difficult to manage at work. King’s researchers have focused on modifying workplace factors, such as increasing awareness of menopausal symptoms and training managers, as well as strategies for women to use to reduce the impact of symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"kalturaVideo","value":{"videoDescription":null,"videoTitle":"Understanding Menopause with Professor Myra Hunter","kalturaLink":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fmedia\u002FUnderstanding+Menopause+with+Professor+Myra+Hunter\u002F1_zbt5eejd"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nhs.uk\u002Fconditions\u002Fhormone-replacement-therapy-hrt\u002F\"\u003EHormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is an effective treatment for moderate to severe symptoms, but is not recommended for women who have had, or are at increased risk of, breast cancer as HRT will elevate their oestrogen levels. In addition, many women are uncertain about the health risks and benefits of HRT or prefer a non-medical option to manage symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA 2011 \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22008610\u002F\"\u003EKing’s study\u003C\u002Fa\u003E of over 10,000 women found that 54 per cent reported having hot flushes and night sweats up to 10 years after their periods stopped, demonstrating the need for safe, acceptable and effective non-hormonal treatment alternatives for moderate to severe menopausal symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s researchers, led by \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fmyra-hunter\"\u003EProfessor Myra Hunter\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology at King’s College London, demonstrated that the menopause transition is a process that is influenced by a range of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F17161025\u002F\"\u003Ebio-psycho-socio-cultural\u003C\u002Fa\u003E factors. Psychological factors - including stress, negative beliefs about menopause, social embarrassment, feeling out of control and frustration and concern about the reactions of other people - are associated with more problematic menopause symptoms. Behavioural reactions (such as trying to hide symptoms and avoiding social situations) are also linked with flushes and sweats.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on these findings, King’s researchers designed a model that recommends psychoeducation (providing information and support to better understand and cope with menopausal symptoms) and cognitive behavioural strategies to manage hot flushes and night sweats.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EProviding alternative treatments options: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the insight provided by King’s research into the multiple factors that influence menopause symptoms, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fmyra-hunter\"\u003EProfessor Myra Hunter\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was the first to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F32627593\u002F\"\u003Edevelop and evaluate a menopause-specific cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in a series of clinical trials. The CBT intervention involved helping women to identify thinking patterns and behavioural responses that can reduce the impact of symptoms and provides a safe and effective non-hormonal treatment for women with problematic menopausal symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s CBT approach was evaluated in four randomised controlled trials called ‘MENOS’. These showed that both group and self-help CBT reduces the impact of problematic hot flushes and night sweats by an average of 50 per cent, both for breast cancer patients and for women in the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22336748\u002F\"\u003Egeneral population\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. The CBT also significantly improved aspects of quality of life and measures of mood and memory problems.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F29315132\u002F\"\u003Emulticentre MENOS UK RCT\u003C\u002Fa\u003E (MENOS@Work) was carried out in eight public and private organisations, the first time such an intervention had been tested in the workplace. King’s CBT self-help model had significant and positive impact on hot flushes, night sweats, wellbeing, sleep, work and social adjustment and presenteeism – women being at work without impairment from symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s researchers then \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F30763176\u002F\"\u003Ecollaborated internationally\u003C\u002Fa\u003E to adapt and test the MENOS protocol in clinical trials in the Netherlands, which showed the efficacy of internet-based CBT for treatment of menopause symptoms. With colleagues in the Netherlands, Professor Hunter developed a computerised CBT (cCBT) form of the intervention for breast cancer patients, enabling even more people to access the support.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research has underpinned partnerships with cancer charities. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbreastcancernow.org\"\u003EBreast Cancer Care\u003C\u002Fa\u003E (the main UK charity for patients), has run 12 CBT group workshops since 2014 in NHS facilities across the UK, attended by 150 women (figures in 2019). \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.maggies.org\"\u003EMaggie's\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is a charity providing free cancer support and information in centres across the UK and online and has partnered with King’s to make CBT for menopause available to women accessing their services. King’s staff are currently training clinical staff to deliver online CBT in six centres, with a further 18 centres planned.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s has also informed further work with marginalised communities, working with Handsinc charity in Hackney to develop the ‘Reclaim the menopause’ group sessions for women of ethnic minorities in the community who might not otherwise easily access services.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"nestedImage","value":{"image":{"altText":"Self-help CBT","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"managing hot flushes","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"acd64926-f8b2-437e-99dd-566bac6b7389","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fmanaging-hot-flushes.xa32b9d57.png"}}},"text":"\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research has not only demonstrated the effectiveness of CBT for menopause but worked further to adapt the intervention to suit different patient populations (breast cancer patients), settings (workplace), service delivery (computerised CBT) and communities. By establishing ways to reach as many people as possible and in different formats – King’s research has made CBT for menopause widely accessible. The \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.routledge.com\u002FManaging-Hot-Flushes-and-Night-Sweats-A-Cognitive-Behavioural-Self-help\u002FHunter-Smith\u002Fp\u002Fbook\u002F9780367853037?cjevent=556f8487db7c11ed8177004f0a18b8fc&utm_source=cjaffiliates&utm_medium=affiliates\"\u003ESelf-help CBT\u003C\u002Fa\u003E has been published in a book based on the research and evaluated in the MENOS trials, published by Routledge (2\u003Csup\u003End\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E Edition 2021).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","align":"Right"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETransforming policy and guidelines \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research into the use of CBT for the treatment of menopausal symptoms has shaped national and international policy and guidelines. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22340966\u002F\"\u003EKing’s CBT research\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was the only work of this kind cited to support the inclusion of CBT as an effective treatment for anxiety and depressed mood during menopause, in the first \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nice.org.uk\u002Fguidance\u002Fng23\"\u003Emenopause National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guideline in 2015\u003C\u002Fa\u003E: \u003Cem\u003E‘\u003C\u002Fem\u003EMenopause: Diagnosis and Management\u003Cem\u003E’\u003C\u002Fem\u003E. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENICE is currently carrying out a consultation to update the 2015 NICE guidance specifically to consider the impact of CBT for hot flushes and night sweats, based on recent trials carried out by King’s researchers, to be published in 2024.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENICE has also \u003Cem\u003E \u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nice.org.uk\u002Fguidance\u002Fng23\u002Fresources\u002Fendorsed-resource-cognitive-behaviour-therapy-for-menopausal-symptoms-information-for-gps-and-health-professionals-4414178557\"\u003Eendorsed a resource\u003C\u002Fa\u003E for GPs and health professionals to provide menopausal women with information and advice about CBT\u003Cem\u003E. \u003C\u002Fem\u003EBased on her body of research, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fmyra-hunter\"\u003EProfessor Myra Hunter\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was appointed Expert Advisor on the NICE Guideline. CBT is now recommended by NICE in the UK for women experiencing mood changes during menopause symptoms, and the 2022 \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.menopause.org\u002Fdocs\u002Fdefault-source\u002Fprofessional\u002Fnams-2022-hormone-therapy-position-statement.pdf\"\u003Eposition statement\u003C\u002Fa\u003E from the North American Menopause Society considers it one of the most effective non-medical treatments for hot flushes and night sweats (vasomotor symptoms) available. Moreover, based on King’s research the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fuploads\u002Fsystem\u002Fuploads\u002Fattachment_data\u002Ffile\u002F654806\u002FCMO_baby_boomers_annual_report_2015.pdf\"\u003EChief Medical Officer’s 2015\u003C\u002Fa\u003E report recommended CBT for symptoms in working women: ‘Non-pharmaceutical treatments such as cognitive behavioural therapy are helpful in reducing the impact of menopausal symptoms'.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETraining in healthcare and workplace environments\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research on CBT for menopausal symptoms has been recommended, and is being implemented, by healthcare professionals in the UK. In a partnership with the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fthebms.org.uk\u002F\"\u003EBritish Menopause Society (BMS),\u003C\u002Fa\u003E King’s academics produced a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fthebms.org.uk\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2022\u002F12\u002F01-BMS-TfC-CBT-NOV2022-A.pdf\"\u003Efactsheet\u003C\u002Fa\u003E for women (Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for Menopausal Symptoms).Furthermore, an annual two-day course, set-up in collaboration with the British Menopause Society, has run four times since 2018 and has trained 86 health professionals to run CBT groups for women. There has also been further training of breast care teams in hospitals, such as the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F29739384\u002F\"\u003EMENOS4\u003C\u002Fa\u003E trial which was commissioned to both evaluate the approach and train UK breast cancer nurses in delivering the CBT intervention. A \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.routledge.com\u002FManaging-Hot-Flushes-with-Group-Cognitive-Behaviour-Therapy-An-evidence-based\u002FHunter-Smith\u002Fp\u002Fbook\u002F9781138026155\"\u003Etreatment manual\u003C\u002Fa\u003E published by Routledge in 2015 has been bought by over 300 health professionals to date as part of their training\u003Cstrong\u003E. \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"infoCard","value":{"summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhenpicked.net\u002Fmenopause-hub\u002Fcognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt-professor-myra-hunter-ep-16\u002F\"\u003ECognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for menopause\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","image":{"altText":"","transformations":"crop=780,440,0,5","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"henpicked","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"9a72e53b-0e86-42a6-90e9-2f122ed99593","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fhenpicked.x7db42deb.png?crop=780,440,0,5"}}},"title":"HenPicked Podcast","alignment":"Left"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research has helped women in the workplace manage their menopausal symptoms. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) now recommends CBT treatment in their \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cipd.co.uk\u002Fknowledge\u002Fculture\u002Fwell-being\u002Fmenopause\u002Fpeople-manager-guidance#gref\"\u003E2019 report\u003C\u002Fa\u003E based on NICE recommendations and King’s research in the workplace. The BMS also have a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fthebms.org.uk\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2022\u002F04\u002F07-BMS-TfC-Menopause-and-the-workplace-03B.pdf\"\u003Efactsheet for employers\u003C\u002Fa\u003E based on King’s research. The charity \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhenpicked.net\u002F\"\u003EHenpicked\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is one of the UK’s largest, fastest growing communities for women over 40, and has created online resources based on King’s research. It also runs seminars in the workplace on menopause, and King’s CBT and research is an important element in their training. Over the past four years hundreds of employers have attended their training sessions. Feedback from the Department of Education after a seminar included “\u003Cem\u003Enever seen such positive feedback after any session\u003C\u002Fem\u003E”. TUC Wales has produced a toolkit for trade unionists ‘\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.tuc.org.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fmenopause-workplace\"\u003EThe menopause in the workplace’\u003C\u002Fa\u003E which also draws on many of the resources King’s research has informed.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENormalising Menopause: Challenging the biomedical narrative\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s researchers, as part of an international group of experts, have recently called for discussions around menopause to be normalised, arguing that medicalising menopause may be unhelpful for some women. They suggest that treating menopause as simply a hormone deficiency could fuel expectations that most women should use HRT, which is not the case.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"sectionBreak","value":{"whatDoesThisDo":"This will add a break between elements to fix alignment issues.No text will appear"}},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"The challenge is to develop public health approaches that normalise the menopause and challenge negative beliefs and attitudes, while at the same time, making available effective treatments and strategies for those women who need them. While much media attention is about HRT, some women prefer non-medical options and for others HRT may be contraindicated.","source":"Professor Myra Hunter, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology at King's IoPPN"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe authors also called for a more balanced narrative that challenges an ageism that tends to affect women more than men. According to the BMJ analysis, social and cultural factors play a major role in women’s expectations and experiences of menopause, King’s researchers explain that the belief that ageing can be delayed or reversed by HRT persists and is reinforced by the media, medical literature and information for women, often driven by marketing.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere has been a growing awareness of the impact of menopause on women's health and quality of life in recent years, and King's has been at the forefront of this effort. Through research, advocacy and patient care, King's has helped to bring new treatment options to women and has played an important role in shaping medical policy and guidelines. By normalising the conversation around menopause and raising awareness about its potential impact, King's has helped to ensure that women have the support and resources they need to manage this important transition in their lives.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"sectionBreak","value":{"whatDoesThisDo":"This will add a break between elements to fix alignment issues.No text will appear"}},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"It has been so gratifying to have this body of work on menopause - carried out over several decades - included as an Impact Case study in the 2021 REF submission. Thank you to wonderful colleagues past and present, and a big thanks to Sally Marlow for her help in putting it all together!","source":"Professor Myra Hunter, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology at King's IoPPN"}},{"type":"infoCard","value":{"summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fprogrammes\u002Farticles\u002F54LtT3wQ1LPkfFMZbCNkHCF\u002Fnine-tips-to-help-you-cope-with-the-menopause\"\u003ENine tips to help you cope with the menopause\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","image":{"altText":"","transformations":"crop=780,440,0,5","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"BBC woman's hour","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"eb57ff0b-f79b-4eb4-9215-3dab1377855a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fbbc-womans-hour.xeb00ebcd.png?crop=780,440,0,5"}}},"title":"BBC Woman's Hour","alignment":"Left"}}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"entryTitle":"Normalising the Menopause"}],"entryDescription":"Read about the latest key news and research stories from King's College London.","description":"Read about the latest key news and research stories from King's College London.","spotlightFeatured":[{"summary":"An evidence-based intervention to support personal recovery developed by researchers at King’s is improving patient experience and transforming mental health services both nationally and internationally.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Two people talking","transformations":"w=1903&h=1070&crop=1903,558,0,189","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"spotlightmentalhealth","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"0288413a-5e63-4d1a-952d-a5c7c249758c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnmpc\u002Fspotlightmentalhealth.x821c877c.png?w=1903&h=1070&crop=1903,558,0,189"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Mental Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c1dbd1f0-ee62-43e7-8411-64256b8cabd6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care","entryDescription":"nmpc","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"979b7ae8-89a5-41bf-8c09-73bc3dd845e7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Division of Care in Long Term Conditions","entryDescription":"long-term-conditions","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"52e1ca0e-1a73-4783-b002-a3fe95a0a4af","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2023-08-10T00:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"An evidence-based intervention to support personal recovery developed by researchers at King’s is improving patient experience and transforming mental health services both nationally and internationally.","sys":{"owner":"k1928915","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"spotlight","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1928915","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1928915","created":"2023-08-10T13:14:56.9923246Z","versionNo":"4.0","modified":"2023-08-15T14:16:05.6435752Z","modifiedBy":"k1928915","published":"2023-08-15T14:16:15.1128231Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"59c4d385-60ef-4bc3-98bd-6352a94bdc94","projectId":"website","slug":"research-transforming-mental-health-care","properties":{}},"title":"Transforming mental health care by championing personal recovery","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"relatedResearch":[],"featuredImage":{"altText":"Two people talking","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"thumnail mental health spotlight","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"ded46ae2-b3d0-42f6-97d7-f5f3bd2c4430","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnmpc\u002Fthumnail-mental-health-spotlight.xbf38bd6e.jpg"}}},"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Mary Leamy","entryDescription":"Associate Dean (Postgraduate Research Studies) and Senior Lecturer in Mental Health","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"014c430c-e0e3-4cee-8065-efcd9a3d1ee3","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Amanda Green","entryDescription":"PhD Student","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"2baf9b57-9788-435a-9755-a5e675879f1f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"relatedSpotlightArticle":{"entryTitle":"Working together to improve healthcare services","entryDescription":"How do you improve healthcare services for patients and staff alike? By bringing healthcare professionals, patients, carers and relatives together to identify issues and work creatively to address them in equal partnership. ","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"9dd36912-ba95-4d98-a4e2-6bf66742e730","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"spotlight","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003ETraditionally, mental health services have focused on clinical recovery, with therapeutic interventions being used to reduce or eliminate symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn 2001, UK government policy shifted to a personal recovery model where individuals are supported and empowered to find their own ways to cope and have a satisfying life, without necessarily being symptom-free.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile a personal recovery-focused approach has gained momentum in mental health policy, it requires significant system transformation, which presents challenges for professionals. King’s researchers are addressing these challenges through the REFOCUS intervention which is underpinned by the personal recovery framework, CHIME (which stands for Connectedness, Hope, Identity, Meaning and purpose in life, Empowerment). CHIME was developed by a team led by Professor Mike Slade as part of the wider \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.researchintorecovery.com\u002Fabout-us\u002F\"\u003ERecovery research programme.\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003EImproving experiences for mental health service users and staff\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe REFOCUS intervention, is a one-year, multi-disciplinary team-level intervention targeting healthcare providers attitudes, knowledge and behaviour. The intervention was delivered by Rethink mental illness, a national charity, and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fslam.nhs.uk\u002Fslam-partners\"\u003ESouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust Partners\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, a team of organisational consultants and coaches.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn mental health teams where the REFOCUS intervention has been fully implemented, both staff-rated scores for behaviour change and patient-rated personal recovery interpersonal scores have increased.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EService users who received the REFOCUS intervention incurred £1,062 lower service use costs compared to those in control groups. They also reported that the intervention supported them to have open and collaborative relationships with staff and to share new conversations about values, strengths and goals.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe findings from the REFOCUS programme have been widely used by service users, clinicians, educators, managers and commissioners. Policy makers have also used the research to better understand and make decisions about what mental health recovery is, how it should be measured, and what kinds of interventions support recovery within and beyond the mental health field.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn 2011, the Scottish Recovery Network, a non-profit organisation, started using the CHIME framework to help them communicate what personal recovery means:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"[CHIME] has become central to safe conversations about the process of recovery, irrespective of ideology or attachment to particular ideas: addictions vs mental health vs resistance for example. Establishing connection to others, generating hope, establishing a new sense of self, creating a purpose in life and feeling empowered are common across those domains, despite differences in how that might be achieved. The application of CHIME can provide the framework for collaboration and cooperation despite differences in approaches.","source":"Frank Reilly, Director of the Scottish Recovery Network, 2011"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe CHIME personal recovery framework has been used to create standalone educational resources to help inform and facilitate conversations about recovery between service users and practitioners. These resources have been integrated into course material delivered in the 85 recovery colleges across the UK. The CHIME framework of personal recovery has been highly cited (Scopus 1,590 citations) and has been particularly influential in recovery education, research, and practice.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003EImpact across borders\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe REFOCUS intervention is an emerging approach to supporting mental health recovery internationally. The REFOCUS training manual has been translated into Cantonese, German, Icelandic, Italian and Spanish, and is being used in the UK, France and Hong Kong.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWith support of King’s researchers, the REFOCUS trial has been successfully replicated in primary and second care in Australia.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003ELooking to the future\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELooking to the future, Dr Leamy and the team are continuing to drive forward the transformation of mental health services internationally, towards a focus on personal recovery.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"We are delighted with the impact we have already seen in mental health services and continue to look for ways we can expand this project and stretch the impact of our research even further.","source":"Dr Mary Leamy, King's College London"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EDr Leamy is now leading a two year study called Supporting leaders to implement recovery and to develop a recovery-oriented workforce, funded from Stiftelsen Dam foundation, Norway, with colleagues from the Competence centre for user experience and service development (KBT), Trondheim and Norweigen University of Science and Technology.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe REFOCUS trial is currently being replicated by Dr Julien Dubreucq, a French psychiatrist. Eighteen teams from across France are taking part in this study. Training in the REFOCUS recovery intervention is being delivered over two years by Mike Slade, Mary Leamy, Amanda Green (King’s PhD student), and Noush Nabahedian (Head of Quality Improvement and SLaM partners, South London and Maudsley NHS trust).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"entryTitle":"Transforming mental health care by championing personal recovery"},{"summary":"Forced displacement is a growing problem around the world. In 2015 the United Nations reported that 60 million people worldwide were forced to leave their homes or home region due to persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations. Today, the UN Refugee Agency reports that number has risen to over 100 million.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"A colourful wall containing artwork that celebrates, amongst other things, love, hope, and education.","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"sanctuary-programme","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"4ee1942c-558e-435c-a0f4-906abf498289","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002Fhomepageimages\u002FCarousel-Images\u002Fsanctuary-programme.xabc3df53.jpg"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Community","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5e3e0215-8823-4fc5-9561-9b5d61a88d22","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Reduced inequalities (SDG 10)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"a28a9bd1-b885-4c85-87e1-8cf03b924c1a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Quality education (SDG 4)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"073aee05-2fa2-4c94-961c-5a10040056a2","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"King’s alumni","entryDescription":"alumni","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f44275cd-dd57-4d3d-9f2b-e628ddafd7b7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Giving","entryDescription":"giving","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"00de785d-c888-4f92-aea3-2fdf27c19dae","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2023-06-22T00:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Forced displacement is a growing problem around the world. In 2015 the United Nations reported that 60 million people worldwide were forced to leave their homes or home region due to persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations. Today, the UN Refugee Agency reports that number has risen to over 100 million.","sys":{"owner":"k1926835","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"spotlight","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1926835","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1926835","created":"2023-06-22T09:34:00.6286823Z","versionNo":"3.0","modified":"2023-10-13T10:29:05.9821901Z","modifiedBy":"k1926835","published":"2023-10-13T10:29:13.9568203Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"b5deb5c3-c44c-400d-957c-1c4dd01c78f9","projectId":"website","slug":"supporting-displaced-learners-and-academics-through-the-kings-sanctuary-programme","properties":{}},"title":"Supporting displaced learners and academics through the King's Sanctuary Programme","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"relatedResearch":[],"featuredImage":{"altText":"A colourful wall containing artwork that celebrates, amongst other things, love, hope, and education.","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"780 x 440 Seeking Sanctuary","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"29202994-185e-4611-b9de-fee91f2e2c1b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Falumni\u002F780x440\u002F780-x-440-seeking-sanctuary.xf4045a65.png"}}},"relatedPeople":[],"authorByline":null,"relatedSpotlightArticle":{"entryTitle":"Co-creating new treatments to support autistic young people with depression","entryDescription":"Autism is a spectrum of developmental conditions that affect how people communicate and interact with the world around them. At least 78 million people worldwide are autistic, including one in every 100 children. One of the biggest challenges autistic people face is not autism itself, but their mental health.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c75def4b-1812-44cf-a655-1642a5f00b13","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"spotlight","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EForced displacement is a growing problem around the world. In 2015 the United Nations reported that 60 million people worldwide were forced to leave their homes or home region due to persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations. Today, the UN Refugee Agency reports that number has risen to over 100 million.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of forced displacement on children and young people is especially significant, causing disruption to their education and the opportunities this can bring. Sadly, even if individuals are able to find sanctuary in another country, they are often blocked from access to an education.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEquality of access matters because we know that education is a driver for societal change. According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), if all students in low-income countries had just basic reading skills, an estimated 171 million people could escape extreme poverty. If all adults completed secondary education, the global poverty rate could be cut by more than half.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis is why the United Nations named quality education one of its Sustainable Development Goals and the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) has set the goal to increase enrolment of refugees in higher education to 15% by 2030. Currently, just 6% of refugees have access to higher education.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Sanctuary RIA 1","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"e1484e4b-be33-48a0-95c7-bbdb6f72826d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Falumni\u002Fnews-misc-sizes\u002Fsanctuary-ria-1.x7e9ca1c2.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe King’s Sanctuary Programme\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s College London is committed to supporting displaced learners. Since 2015, the King’s Sanctuary Programme has harnessed King’s expertise in education and remote learning, research and partnerships to lead projects that create positive opportunities for forcibly displaced people. Working to ensure education remains a right for all, the Programme offers individuals affected by conflict and forced displacement unrivalled opportunities to rebuild their lives and fulfil their potential.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is this ethos that drives our commitment to welcoming forced migrants into our institution and community. In 2020, Citizens UK named King’s as the first ‘Refugees Welcome University’, recognising the university’s contribution to understanding and responding to the global issue of forced displacement.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOver the last eight years the Sanctuary Programme has:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli data-leveltext=\"\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{"335552541":1,"335559684":-2,"335559685":720,"335559991":360,"469769226":"Symbol","469769242":[8226],"469777803":"left","469777804":"","469777815":"hybridMultilevel"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"\u003EProvided full tuition fee and living cost support to over 50 scholars, including 13 from Ukraine since 2022.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003Cli data-leveltext=\"\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{"335552541":1,"335559684":-2,"335559685":720,"335559991":360,"469769226":"Symbol","469769242":[8226],"469777803":"left","469777804":"","469777815":"hybridMultilevel"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"\u003ESupported more than 1 million learners worldwide through \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpadileia-facilitating-access-to-higher-education-in-jordan-and-lebanon\"\u003EPADILEIA\u003C\u002Fa\u003E online learning programmes designed to support refugees affected by war or disadvantaged youth, helping more than 100 of them to enrol at university.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003Cli data-leveltext=\"\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{"335552541":1,"335559684":-2,"335559685":720,"335559991":360,"469769226":"Symbol","469769242":[8226],"469777803":"left","469777804":"","469777815":"hybridMultilevel"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"\u003ESupported more than 10 at-risk academics to continue their research at King’s through existing schemes and a new fellowship programme.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003Cli data-leveltext=\"\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{"335552541":1,"335559684":-2,"335559685":720,"335559991":360,"469769226":"Symbol","469769242":[8226],"469777803":"left","469777804":"","469777815":"hybridMultilevel"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"\u003ELaunched the Sanctuary Hub, bringing together academics, civil society, government and sanctuary seekers to co-produce research and shape global migration policy and practice.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003Cli data-leveltext=\"\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"3\" data-list-defn-props=\"{"335552541":1,"335559684":-2,"335559685":720,"335559991":360,"469769226":"Symbol","469769242":[8226],"469777803":"left","469777804":"","469777815":"hybridMultilevel"}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"\u003EDeveloped a University Sponsorship Model through two pilot sponsorship initiatives.\u003C\u002Fli\u003E\n\u003C\u002Ful\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Words cannot explain how grateful I am for the opportunities this scholarship has provided me. Without it, I would have been unable to go to university and fulfil my dreams. The financial support I received has taken such a weight off my back, and now I feel like the world and its many opportunities are truly available to me.","source":"Dorothy, Sanctuary Scholarship recipient, Law, 2023."}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECreating safe and legal pathways\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA key aim of the King’s Sanctuary Programme is to create higher education-led pathways for people whose studies or research have been disrupted due to conflict or forced displacement.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to the restrictive nature of EU and UK border regimes, many people who are forcibly displaced do not have the documents required to formally cross these borders and are forced to resort to irregular routes, which tend to be more lengthy, costly and deadly.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo address this challenge, the King’s Sanctuary Team are working to create new, higher education safe and legal pathways for forcibly displaced students and academics through collaborating across sectors, developing a university sponsorship model and shaping migration policy.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Sanctuary RIA 2","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"523bdcbb-1e3a-4ed8-b47d-949046c10a55","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Falumni\u002Fnews-misc-sizes\u002Fsanctuary-ria-2.x1295d20c.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EAl Shaabin family with members of the Peckham Sponsors Refugees local residents group © UNHCR\u002FAndrew McConnell\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn December 2021, King’s became the first UK university to resettle a refugee student and their family as part of the UK Community Sponsorship Scheme. Developed in partnership with the Home Office, UNHCR and Citizens UK, the King’s Refugee Community Sponsorship Scheme has provided an opportunity for a refugee student who had been displaced as a result of the Syrian conflict, and their family to find a new and welcoming home in London with a fully-funded scholarship to King’s.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s has also supported other UK universities to take up sponsorship through sharing expertise and building partnerships. This work gained urgency and was accelerated after the invasion of Ukraine. Taking a lead, King’s worked in partnership to develop the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Funiversity-sponsorship\"\u003EUniversity Sponsorship Model\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, which helps Ukrainian students and academics to find safety in the UK and continue their studies and research.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECollaboration\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThanks to a £3 million donation from XTX Markets’ \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.datocms-assets.com\u002F10954\u002F1656321229-academic-sanctuaries-fund-statement-wsli-fin.pdf\"\u003EAcademic Sanctuaries Fund\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, the University Sponsorship Model includes a unique scholarship programme through which studentships and fellowships are distributed across four partner universities. It has also enabled the launch of the Sanctuary Hub, which brings together migration researchers with civil society, government, business and sanctuary seekers to develop research that positively shapes (inter)national migration policy and practice.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Forced displacement is a truly global issue and one that we can only respond to effectively by working together to develop impactful interventions, as has been demonstrated by the cross-sectoral responses we have witnessed being put into practice over the last year.","source":"Professor ‘Funmi Olonisakin, Vice President (International, Engagement & Service)"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Sanctuary Team are committed to collaborating across sectors; to sharing the learnings of the Sanctuary Programme with other universities and partnering with individuals and organisations who share their ambition to create meaningful and lasting change. Their next phase of work is to develop a scalable model and shape migration policy through university sponsorship, with the aim to support people around the world, including up to 200 displaced Ukrainian students and academics.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ambitious scale of the Sanctuary Programme’s work builds on King’s longstanding strengths in creating opportunities for forcefully displaced people, and is made possible by generous philanthropic donors. If you are interested in finding out more or supporting this work, please visit \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fservice\u002Fsanctuary\"\u003Ewww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fservice\u002Fsanctuary\u003C\u002Fa\u003E or contact Sarah Cook \u003Ca href=\"mailto:sarah.cook@kcl.ac.uk\"\u003Esarah.cook@kcl.ac.uk\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fgiving\"\u003EFind out more about how you can have a transformational impact on society\u003C\u002Fa\u003E by donating to King’s.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"International","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"daf07a30-df82-4a81-844c-72b1925f8704","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Society","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3376166e-dba4-4824-9278-b4b710cddf81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"University","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e7ae859c-7867-4bbf-8d45-5b40e62ea10f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"entryTitle":"Supporting displaced learners and academics through the King's Sanctuary Programme"},{"summary":" Historically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological symptoms of menopause can be debilitating, seriously impacting a woman’s life. Over the last decade, King’s has been a pioneer in menopause research, bringing innovative treatment options to women, influencing policy and medical guidelines, and helping to normalise the conversation. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Menopause spotlight","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Menopause spotlight","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"e461ab6a-05eb-4642-9df0-7029aaf0cbe4","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fmenopause-spotlight.xabf1c3f1.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Mental Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c1dbd1f0-ee62-43e7-8411-64256b8cabd6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Women","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"41c003fc-313b-4ea7-b688-ea49a59ba45a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience","entryDescription":"ioppn","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bb8b5ba7-60ec-4824-9fba-531af7941436","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Mental Health & Psychological Sciences","entryDescription":"mental-health-and-psychological-sciences","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"015c99db-dd48-4eae-a253-ab99290cecb2","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of Psychology","entryDescription":"psychology","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"7fc7484e-592d-4150-a84a-d6cbdc8c3bfc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2023-04-18T14:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":" Historically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological symptoms of menopause can be debilitating, seriously impacting a woman’s life. Over the last decade, King’s has been a pioneer in menopause research, bringing innovative treatment options to women, influencing policy and medical guidelines, and helping to normalise the conversation. ","sys":{"owner":"k1346588","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"spotlight","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k20099267","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1346588","created":"2023-04-17T08:25:47.4079697Z","versionNo":"4.0","modified":"2023-11-30T15:50:53.6420037Z","modifiedBy":"k20099267","published":"2023-11-30T15:51:08.2162012Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"d53a8a12-e8e8-4c8c-9108-f4c8314234dc","projectId":"website","slug":"normalising-the-menopause","properties":{}},"title":"Normalising the Menopause","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"relatedResearch":[],"featuredImage":{"altText":"Menopause thumbnail","transformations":"crop=780,440,0,5","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Menopause thumbnail","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"52c01d27-2bf7-4006-930b-0e625426554f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fmenopause-thumbnail.x5ff7ed87.png?crop=780,440,0,5"}}},"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Myra Hunter","entryDescription":"Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"69c558ea-9882-4bb5-b9e5-dfbd9d10dc50","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Sally Marlow","entryDescription":"Professor of Practice in Public Understanding of Mental Health Research","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d4c456e3-35b1-4f42-a4de-724acc85d0d5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"relatedSpotlightArticle":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EHistorically menopause has been overlooked and trivialised. Though a natural process, for some women physical and psychological symptoms of menopause can be debilitating, seriously impacting their life. Over the last decade, King’s has been a pioneer in menopause research, bringing innovative treatment options to women, influencing policy and medical guidelines, and helping to normalise the conversation.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMenopause is the time of life when a woman's ovaries stop producing hormones and menstrual periods stop. The cessation of menstrual periods is often associated with a variety of symptoms, including vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes and night sweats), anxiety, depression, decreased libido, vaginal dryness, insomnia and difficulty concentrating (brain fog). In the UK alone, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ons.gov.uk\u002Faboutus\u002Ftransparencyandgovernance\u002Ffreedomofinformationfoi\u002Fnumberofwomenagedbetween45and60bothintheukandinengland\"\u003Ethere are over 7.2 million women aged between 45-60\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, the ages when menopause most commonly occurs, so around 1.8 million women could be experiencing problematic symptoms at any one time.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most common symptoms are hot flushes and night sweats, which affect about 80 per cent of middle-aged women. Around a quarter of women report that these symptoms affect the quality of their daily lives, and women report that they can be particularly difficult to manage at work. King’s researchers have focused on modifying workplace factors, such as increasing awareness of menopausal symptoms and training managers, as well as strategies for women to use to reduce the impact of symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"kalturaVideo","value":{"videoDescription":null,"videoTitle":"Understanding Menopause with Professor Myra Hunter","kalturaLink":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fmedia\u002FUnderstanding+Menopause+with+Professor+Myra+Hunter\u002F1_zbt5eejd"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nhs.uk\u002Fconditions\u002Fhormone-replacement-therapy-hrt\u002F\"\u003EHormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is an effective treatment for moderate to severe symptoms, but is not recommended for women who have had, or are at increased risk of, breast cancer as HRT will elevate their oestrogen levels. In addition, many women are uncertain about the health risks and benefits of HRT or prefer a non-medical option to manage symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA 2011 \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22008610\u002F\"\u003EKing’s study\u003C\u002Fa\u003E of over 10,000 women found that 54 per cent reported having hot flushes and night sweats up to 10 years after their periods stopped, demonstrating the need for safe, acceptable and effective non-hormonal treatment alternatives for moderate to severe menopausal symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s researchers, led by \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fmyra-hunter\"\u003EProfessor Myra Hunter\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology at King’s College London, demonstrated that the menopause transition is a process that is influenced by a range of \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F17161025\u002F\"\u003Ebio-psycho-socio-cultural\u003C\u002Fa\u003E factors. Psychological factors - including stress, negative beliefs about menopause, social embarrassment, feeling out of control and frustration and concern about the reactions of other people - are associated with more problematic menopause symptoms. Behavioural reactions (such as trying to hide symptoms and avoiding social situations) are also linked with flushes and sweats.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on these findings, King’s researchers designed a model that recommends psychoeducation (providing information and support to better understand and cope with menopausal symptoms) and cognitive behavioural strategies to manage hot flushes and night sweats.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EProviding alternative treatments options: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the insight provided by King’s research into the multiple factors that influence menopause symptoms, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fmyra-hunter\"\u003EProfessor Myra Hunter\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was the first to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F32627593\u002F\"\u003Edevelop and evaluate a menopause-specific cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in a series of clinical trials. The CBT intervention involved helping women to identify thinking patterns and behavioural responses that can reduce the impact of symptoms and provides a safe and effective non-hormonal treatment for women with problematic menopausal symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s CBT approach was evaluated in four randomised controlled trials called ‘MENOS’. These showed that both group and self-help CBT reduces the impact of problematic hot flushes and night sweats by an average of 50 per cent, both for breast cancer patients and for women in the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22336748\u002F\"\u003Egeneral population\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. The CBT also significantly improved aspects of quality of life and measures of mood and memory problems.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F29315132\u002F\"\u003Emulticentre MENOS UK RCT\u003C\u002Fa\u003E (MENOS@Work) was carried out in eight public and private organisations, the first time such an intervention had been tested in the workplace. King’s CBT self-help model had significant and positive impact on hot flushes, night sweats, wellbeing, sleep, work and social adjustment and presenteeism – women being at work without impairment from symptoms.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s researchers then \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F30763176\u002F\"\u003Ecollaborated internationally\u003C\u002Fa\u003E to adapt and test the MENOS protocol in clinical trials in the Netherlands, which showed the efficacy of internet-based CBT for treatment of menopause symptoms. With colleagues in the Netherlands, Professor Hunter developed a computerised CBT (cCBT) form of the intervention for breast cancer patients, enabling even more people to access the support.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research has underpinned partnerships with cancer charities. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fbreastcancernow.org\"\u003EBreast Cancer Care\u003C\u002Fa\u003E (the main UK charity for patients), has run 12 CBT group workshops since 2014 in NHS facilities across the UK, attended by 150 women (figures in 2019). \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.maggies.org\"\u003EMaggie's\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is a charity providing free cancer support and information in centres across the UK and online and has partnered with King’s to make CBT for menopause available to women accessing their services. King’s staff are currently training clinical staff to deliver online CBT in six centres, with a further 18 centres planned.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s has also informed further work with marginalised communities, working with Handsinc charity in Hackney to develop the ‘Reclaim the menopause’ group sessions for women of ethnic minorities in the community who might not otherwise easily access services.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"nestedImage","value":{"image":{"altText":"Self-help CBT","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"managing hot flushes","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"acd64926-f8b2-437e-99dd-566bac6b7389","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fmanaging-hot-flushes.xa32b9d57.png"}}},"text":"\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research has not only demonstrated the effectiveness of CBT for menopause but worked further to adapt the intervention to suit different patient populations (breast cancer patients), settings (workplace), service delivery (computerised CBT) and communities. By establishing ways to reach as many people as possible and in different formats – King’s research has made CBT for menopause widely accessible. The \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.routledge.com\u002FManaging-Hot-Flushes-and-Night-Sweats-A-Cognitive-Behavioural-Self-help\u002FHunter-Smith\u002Fp\u002Fbook\u002F9780367853037?cjevent=556f8487db7c11ed8177004f0a18b8fc&utm_source=cjaffiliates&utm_medium=affiliates\"\u003ESelf-help CBT\u003C\u002Fa\u003E has been published in a book based on the research and evaluated in the MENOS trials, published by Routledge (2\u003Csup\u003End\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E Edition 2021).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","align":"Right"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETransforming policy and guidelines \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research into the use of CBT for the treatment of menopausal symptoms has shaped national and international policy and guidelines. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F22340966\u002F\"\u003EKing’s CBT research\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was the only work of this kind cited to support the inclusion of CBT as an effective treatment for anxiety and depressed mood during menopause, in the first \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nice.org.uk\u002Fguidance\u002Fng23\"\u003Emenopause National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guideline in 2015\u003C\u002Fa\u003E: \u003Cem\u003E‘\u003C\u002Fem\u003EMenopause: Diagnosis and Management\u003Cem\u003E’\u003C\u002Fem\u003E. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENICE is currently carrying out a consultation to update the 2015 NICE guidance specifically to consider the impact of CBT for hot flushes and night sweats, based on recent trials carried out by King’s researchers, to be published in 2024.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENICE has also \u003Cem\u003E \u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nice.org.uk\u002Fguidance\u002Fng23\u002Fresources\u002Fendorsed-resource-cognitive-behaviour-therapy-for-menopausal-symptoms-information-for-gps-and-health-professionals-4414178557\"\u003Eendorsed a resource\u003C\u002Fa\u003E for GPs and health professionals to provide menopausal women with information and advice about CBT\u003Cem\u003E. \u003C\u002Fem\u003EBased on her body of research, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fmyra-hunter\"\u003EProfessor Myra Hunter\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was appointed Expert Advisor on the NICE Guideline. CBT is now recommended by NICE in the UK for women experiencing mood changes during menopause symptoms, and the 2022 \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.menopause.org\u002Fdocs\u002Fdefault-source\u002Fprofessional\u002Fnams-2022-hormone-therapy-position-statement.pdf\"\u003Eposition statement\u003C\u002Fa\u003E from the North American Menopause Society considers it one of the most effective non-medical treatments for hot flushes and night sweats (vasomotor symptoms) available. Moreover, based on King’s research the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fuploads\u002Fsystem\u002Fuploads\u002Fattachment_data\u002Ffile\u002F654806\u002FCMO_baby_boomers_annual_report_2015.pdf\"\u003EChief Medical Officer’s 2015\u003C\u002Fa\u003E report recommended CBT for symptoms in working women: ‘Non-pharmaceutical treatments such as cognitive behavioural therapy are helpful in reducing the impact of menopausal symptoms'.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETraining in healthcare and workplace environments\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research on CBT for menopausal symptoms has been recommended, and is being implemented, by healthcare professionals in the UK. In a partnership with the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fthebms.org.uk\u002F\"\u003EBritish Menopause Society (BMS),\u003C\u002Fa\u003E King’s academics produced a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fthebms.org.uk\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2022\u002F12\u002F01-BMS-TfC-CBT-NOV2022-A.pdf\"\u003Efactsheet\u003C\u002Fa\u003E for women (Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for Menopausal Symptoms).Furthermore, an annual two-day course, set-up in collaboration with the British Menopause Society, has run four times since 2018 and has trained 86 health professionals to run CBT groups for women. There has also been further training of breast care teams in hospitals, such as the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002F29739384\u002F\"\u003EMENOS4\u003C\u002Fa\u003E trial which was commissioned to both evaluate the approach and train UK breast cancer nurses in delivering the CBT intervention. A \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.routledge.com\u002FManaging-Hot-Flushes-with-Group-Cognitive-Behaviour-Therapy-An-evidence-based\u002FHunter-Smith\u002Fp\u002Fbook\u002F9781138026155\"\u003Etreatment manual\u003C\u002Fa\u003E published by Routledge in 2015 has been bought by over 300 health professionals to date as part of their training\u003Cstrong\u003E. \u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"infoCard","value":{"summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhenpicked.net\u002Fmenopause-hub\u002Fcognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt-professor-myra-hunter-ep-16\u002F\"\u003ECognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for menopause\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","image":{"altText":"","transformations":"crop=780,440,0,5","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"henpicked","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"9a72e53b-0e86-42a6-90e9-2f122ed99593","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fhenpicked.x7db42deb.png?crop=780,440,0,5"}}},"title":"HenPicked Podcast","alignment":"Left"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EKing’s research has helped women in the workplace manage their menopausal symptoms. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) now recommends CBT treatment in their \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cipd.co.uk\u002Fknowledge\u002Fculture\u002Fwell-being\u002Fmenopause\u002Fpeople-manager-guidance#gref\"\u003E2019 report\u003C\u002Fa\u003E based on NICE recommendations and King’s research in the workplace. The BMS also have a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fthebms.org.uk\u002Fwp-content\u002Fuploads\u002F2022\u002F04\u002F07-BMS-TfC-Menopause-and-the-workplace-03B.pdf\"\u003Efactsheet for employers\u003C\u002Fa\u003E based on King’s research. The charity \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fhenpicked.net\u002F\"\u003EHenpicked\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is one of the UK’s largest, fastest growing communities for women over 40, and has created online resources based on King’s research. It also runs seminars in the workplace on menopause, and King’s CBT and research is an important element in their training. Over the past four years hundreds of employers have attended their training sessions. Feedback from the Department of Education after a seminar included “\u003Cem\u003Enever seen such positive feedback after any session\u003C\u002Fem\u003E”. TUC Wales has produced a toolkit for trade unionists ‘\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.tuc.org.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fmenopause-workplace\"\u003EThe menopause in the workplace’\u003C\u002Fa\u003E which also draws on many of the resources King’s research has informed.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENormalising Menopause: Challenging the biomedical narrative\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKing’s researchers, as part of an international group of experts, have recently called for discussions around menopause to be normalised, arguing that medicalising menopause may be unhelpful for some women. They suggest that treating menopause as simply a hormone deficiency could fuel expectations that most women should use HRT, which is not the case.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"sectionBreak","value":{"whatDoesThisDo":"This will add a break between elements to fix alignment issues.No text will appear"}},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"The challenge is to develop public health approaches that normalise the menopause and challenge negative beliefs and attitudes, while at the same time, making available effective treatments and strategies for those women who need them. While much media attention is about HRT, some women prefer non-medical options and for others HRT may be contraindicated.","source":"Professor Myra Hunter, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology at King's IoPPN"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe authors also called for a more balanced narrative that challenges an ageism that tends to affect women more than men. According to the BMJ analysis, social and cultural factors play a major role in women’s expectations and experiences of menopause, King’s researchers explain that the belief that ageing can be delayed or reversed by HRT persists and is reinforced by the media, medical literature and information for women, often driven by marketing.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere has been a growing awareness of the impact of menopause on women's health and quality of life in recent years, and King's has been at the forefront of this effort. Through research, advocacy and patient care, King's has helped to bring new treatment options to women and has played an important role in shaping medical policy and guidelines. By normalising the conversation around menopause and raising awareness about its potential impact, King's has helped to ensure that women have the support and resources they need to manage this important transition in their lives.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"sectionBreak","value":{"whatDoesThisDo":"This will add a break between elements to fix alignment issues.No text will appear"}},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"It has been so gratifying to have this body of work on menopause - carried out over several decades - included as an Impact Case study in the 2021 REF submission. Thank you to wonderful colleagues past and present, and a big thanks to Sally Marlow for her help in putting it all together!","source":"Professor Myra Hunter, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Health Psychology at King's IoPPN"}},{"type":"infoCard","value":{"summary":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fprogrammes\u002Farticles\u002F54LtT3wQ1LPkfFMZbCNkHCF\u002Fnine-tips-to-help-you-cope-with-the-menopause\"\u003ENine tips to help you cope with the menopause\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E","image":{"altText":"","transformations":"crop=780,440,0,5","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"BBC woman's hour","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"eb57ff0b-f79b-4eb4-9215-3dab1377855a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FIoP\u002FNews-and-Events\u002Fbbc-womans-hour.xeb00ebcd.png?crop=780,440,0,5"}}},"title":"BBC Woman's Hour","alignment":"Left"}}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"entryTitle":"Normalising the Menopause"},{"summary":"Cigarettes kill over half of their long-term users. The World Health Organisation (WHO) considers the tobacco epidemic to be one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing more than 8 million people per year worldwide. E-cigarettes and vaping products offer a substantially less harmful alternative, but there has been a heated debate about their use and there is variation in approaches to regulation.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"New report by King's researchers on vaping in England to inform national policy","transformations":"w=1920&h=1364&crop=1920,1080,0,142","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"New report by King's researchers on vaping in England to inform national policy","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"f14f3f11-b2d5-420c-a0c1-c204b73525c8","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Fnew-report-by-kings-researchers-on-vaping-in-england-to-inform-national-policy.xde214bfd.jpg?w=1920&h=1364&crop=1920,1080,0,142"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Mental Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c1dbd1f0-ee62-43e7-8411-64256b8cabd6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Psychiatry","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5b299928-2be2-47bc-b1af-4880c2a183b3","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Psychology","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"090e9b98-f462-4ccb-8da0-4fc5502ed1d0","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience","entryDescription":"ioppn","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bb8b5ba7-60ec-4824-9fba-531af7941436","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2022-12-04T10:00:00","searchOptions":null,"entryDescription":"Cigarettes kill over half of their long-term users. The World Health Organisation (WHO) considers the tobacco epidemic to be one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing more than 8 million people per year worldwide. E-cigarettes and vaping products offer a substantially less harmful alternative, but there has been a heated debate about their use and there is variation in approaches to regulation.","sys":{"owner":"k20099267","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"spotlight","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k20099267","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k20099267","created":"2022-06-29T14:43:14.6402178Z","versionNo":"2.0","modified":"2022-11-29T11:54:15.0638701Z","modifiedBy":"k20099267","published":"2022-12-02T10:12:11.7729632Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"78ca7cb4-5167-4033-b29a-a68bd6d71269","projectId":"website","slug":"clearing-the-smoke-the-evidence-behind-vaping","properties":{}},"title":"Clearing the smoke: the evidence behind vaping","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"relatedResearch":[],"featuredImage":{"altText":"New report by King's researchers on vaping in England to inform national policy","transformations":"w=780&h=554&crop=780,440,0,57","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"New report by King's researchers on vaping in England to inform national policy","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"f14f3f11-b2d5-420c-a0c1-c204b73525c8","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Fnew-report-by-kings-researchers-on-vaping-in-england-to-inform-national-policy.xde214bfd.jpg?w=780&h=554&crop=780,440,0,57"}}},"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Ann McNeill","entryDescription":"Professor of Tobacco Addiction","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"1237bc65-bf69-4431-9b65-11ed21201b90","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Dr Leonie Brose","entryDescription":"Reader in Addiction Education and Nicotine Research","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e4307327-7d03-4d83-b140-33b66d347da2","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Debbie Robson","entryDescription":"Senior Lecturer in Tobacco Harm Reduction","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"fa59efa4-570b-496f-993c-08bed7638a68","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Erikas Simonavičius","entryDescription":"Research Associate","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"eaa094c7-77b9-43c1-9e27-5745291c7549","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Eve Taylor","entryDescription":"Research Assistant","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b636d7da-d177-4910-82c6-a4a8e5092ac4","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Katie East","entryDescription":"Research Fellow","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f6c1f933-4fcc-4cd6-aae9-f1cbca2a8e40","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"relatedSpotlightArticle":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003ECigarettes kill over half of their long-term users. The World Health Organisation (WHO) considers the tobacco epidemic to be one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing more than eight million people per year worldwide. Smoking and exposure to second-hand smokes cause 65,000 deaths per year in England alone. It remains the largest single risk factor for death and ill-health, and is a leading cause of health inequalities in England.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EE-cigarettes (vaping products) offer a substantially less harmful alternative, but there has been a heated debate about their use and wide variation in approaches to regulation. Against a backdrop of controversy and disparate knowledge, the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fresearch\u002Fnicotine-research-group\"\u003ENicotine Research Group\u003C\u002Fa\u003E at King’s has provided a much-needed body of research to enable an evidence-based approach to policy-making in this area.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Fann-mcneill\"\u003EAnn McNeill\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Professor of Tobacco Addiction at the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), said: \"As Professor Michael Russell from the, then, Institute of Psychiatry said over 40 years ago, ‘Smokers smoke for the nicotine, but die from the tar’. Since then, various less harmful nicotine delivery systems have been developed. However, e-cigarettes were the first to mirror the act of smoking whilst delivering decent doses of nicotine, and they quickly became popular alternatives to tobacco cigarettes\".\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Our Nicotine Research Group at King’s quickly picked up the gauntlet to study vaping products, investigating who was using them, how and why, as well as synthesising the global evidence on their impact on public health. The evidence indicated that when appropriately regulated and used, e-cigarettes helped smokers to stop and offered a much less harmful means of continuing nicotine use for those that wished to do so.","source":"Professor Ann McNeill, Professor of Tobacco Addiction and Nicotine Research Group lead at the IoPPN, King's College London"}},{"type":"kalturaVideo","value":{"videoDescription":null,"videoTitle":null,"kalturaLink":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedia.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fmedia\u002FKing's%20Spotlight%3A%20Vaping\u002F1_v2asmc7y"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReplacing one addiction with another?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh4\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBy 2010, e-cigarettes had entered the market as a means of delivering the main addictive substance in smoking – nicotine - whilst avoiding many of the harmful ingredients of cigarettes. In 2022, about eight per cent of adults in England used e-cigarettes, and tobacco use had dropped from 19.8 per cent of adults in 2011 to 13.9 per cent. The increased use of e-cigarettes was surrounded by debate, fueled by misconceptions that nicotine was the harmful ingredient in tobacco and that these products were simply replacing one harmful addiction with another.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe best evidence that was available in 2015 demonstrated that e-cigarettes are unlikely to exceed five per cent of the harms associated with smoking tobacco. In this controversial area, there was an unmet need for robust, meaningful research to cut through the noise. By addressing the unanswered questions around use and impact of e-cigarettes, King’s research provided an evidence base for policy decisions and public health recommendations.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBuilding the foundations for e-cigarette policy in England\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh4\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobally, King’s researchers were one of the first groups to study e-cigarette use. Their research in this area identified not only that e-cigarette use helps tobacco smokers quit smoking, but also that the type and frequency of e-cigarette use impacted the likelihood of reduced smoking harm. For example, daily e-cigarette use was associated with reduced tobacco smoking and a higher number of attempts to quit smoking altogether during the next year. Furthermore, those using e-cigarettes with a re-fillable liquid tank daily were more likely to have quit smoking compared to those not using e-cigarettes. King’s researchers revealed the consequences of widespread misperceptions about the relative harm of e-cigarettes. These findings provided valuable insights into the level of knowledge amongst smokers about the harm of e-cigarettes compared to traditional smoking.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"We know that more than half of all long-term smokers will die early because of smoking. But in England, seven out of ten adult smokers think vaping is at least as harmful as smoking or are unsure. Such misperceptions were even worse in smokers from more disadvantaged groups and among smokers from black and minority ethnic groups. These figures show a failure to communicate the evidence to those affected by the harms of smoking.","source":"Dr Leonie Brose, Reader in Addiction Education and Nicotine Research at the IoPPN, King's College London (from 2021 PHE review)"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EA primary element of the debate around e-cigarettes is the concern that young people who did not previously smoke will start vaping, and this use of e-cigarettes could increase the subsequent risk of tobacco smoking. King’s research has found that there are \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS1054139X13002772?casa_token=etVr4nIa9JoAAAAA:gMSpPA8B_fn_6oMhI3B8lGA_wrhaVqrENJqIap4-xDkeXCZpIPJtonGNXQcDZsazq_eUFQ_J27o\"\u003Eassociations in both directions\u003C\u002Fa\u003E between trying an e-cigarette and trying tobacco smoking. According to the latest data from the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fash.org.uk\u002Fresources\u002Fview\u002Fuse-of-e-cigarettes-among-young-people-in-great-britain\"\u003EAction on Smoking and Health (ASH) 2022 survey\u003C\u002Fa\u003E commissioned by YouGov, over the last two years the number of 11- to 18-year-olds who vape has increased from 4.8 per cent in 2020 to 8.6 per cent in 2022. Nonetheless, 98 per cent of young people who have never smoked are also not currently vaping. The Nicotine Research Group continues to monitor e-cigarette use by young people given the rapid evolution of vaping products on the market.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EKing’s Public Health England Evidence Reviews\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh4\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPublic Health England (PHE - now Office for Health Improvement and Disparities and UK Health Security Agency) existed to protect and improve the nation’s health and wellbeing by providing evidence-based professional, scientific and delivery expertise. Based on King’s ground-breaking work in the area of vaping, PHE commissioned King’s researchers to summarise the evidence on e-cigarettes in six independent evidence reviews.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThese reviews - published in \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fe-cigarettes-an-evidence-update\"\u003E2015\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fe-cigarettes-and-heated-tobacco-products-evidence-review\"\u003E2018\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fvaping-in-england-an-evidence-update-february-2019\"\u003E2019\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fvaping-in-england-evidence-update-march-2020\"\u003E2020\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fvaping-in-england-evidence-update-february-2021\"\u003E2021\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fnicotine-vaping-in-england-2022-evidence-update\"\u003E2022\u003C\u002Fa\u003E - received global attention. They have informed policy and are the means by which the government monitors the use and impact of e-cigarettes among adults and youth, as well as identifying areas of interest for future research and policy.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"PHE vaping evidence reviews 2015-2022","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"7917d5ec-e9e9-403f-9531-c5bca8a486d7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fioppn\u002Fnews-spotlights\u002Fphe-vaping-evidence-reviews-2015-2022.xd9c6577c.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe reviews underpin the UK government’s \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fthe-tobacco-control-plan-for-england\"\u003ETobacco Control Plan for England\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, authored by the Department of Health and Social Care, which includes aims to support harm reduction with alternative forms of nicotine such as e-cigarettes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of King’s research and these reviews has spread wide within England. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nice.org.uk\u002Fguidance\u002Fng92\"\u003ENICE guidance\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and advice for ‘stop smoking services’ has been informed by King’s research and the King’s 2018 PHE evidence review, and now uses recommendations on e-cigarettes as a harm-reduction strategy. Evidence from the 2015 and 2018 King’s reviews underpins the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ncsct.co.uk\u002F\"\u003ENational Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training\u003C\u002Fa\u003E (NCSCT) stop smoking practitioner training, which includes a section on e-cigarettes. In 2018, the NCSCT produced a series of five public health information films for PHE, ‘E-cigarette safety: the facts explained’. The films aimed to counter misperceptions about the harms of e-cigarettes highlighted in King’s research. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=qljBzXmTqjE\"\u003EOne of these features Professor Ann McNeill which, to date, has 457,629 views on YouTube.\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EBased on King’s PHE Reviews, PHE have issued advice on the use of e-cigarettes in the workplace and public spaces to help employers and organisations develop their own policies. \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.rcgp.org.uk\u002Fpolicy\u002Frcgp-policy-areas\u002Fe-cigarettes-non-combustible-inhaled-tobacco-products.aspx\"\u003EThe Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) position statement on e-cigarettes\u003C\u002Fa\u003E directs UK GPs to the King’s 2015 PHE Review and to the NCSCT training as means to inform GPs of the use of e-cigarettes as part of a harm-reduction approach.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of King’s research also reached further afield. On the basis of King’s PHE Reviews, the New Zealand Ministry of Health recommended that the government support smokers to switch to significantly less harmful nicotine alternatives. This was instrumental in New Zealand legalising nicotine vaping products in 2018.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 2021 PHE review showed that \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fevidence-strengthens-that-vaping-is-effective-for-stopping-smoking-but-not-reaching-its-full-potential-with-adult-smokers\"\u003Eperceptions about the relative harms of smoking and vaping among adult smokers are increasingly out of line with the evidence\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Among adult smokers, only 29 per cent believed vaping was less harmful than smoking, while 38% thought they were equally harmful and another 15 per cent believed vaping to be more harmful than smoking.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most recent \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fpublications\u002Fnicotine-vaping-in-england-2022-evidence-update\"\u003E2022 PHE review\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is the most comprehensive to date, reviewing the potential health risks of nicotine vaping. Although the report highlights that vaping is not risk-free, particularly for those who have never smoked, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fvaping-substantially-less-harmful-than-smoking-largest-review-of-its-kind-finds\"\u003Evaping poses a small fraction of the risks of tobacco smoking\u003C\u002Fa\u003E in the short and medium term.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUsing research to achieve a ‘Smoke-Free’ England\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh4\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gov.uk\u002Fgovernment\u002Fconsultations\u002Fadvancing-our-health-prevention-in-the-2020s\u002Fadvancing-our-health-prevention-in-the-2020s-consultation-document\"\u003E2019 Government Green Paper ‘Advancing our health: prevention in the 2020s’\u003C\u002Fa\u003E cites the 2018 King’s PHE Review, stating that e-cigarettes are a helpful contribution to a harm reduction strategy in smokers, and recommending their use.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt stated: \u003Cem\u003E‘We are setting an ambition to go 'smoke-free' in England by 2030. This includes an ultimatum for industry to make smoked tobacco obsolete by 2030, with smokers quitting or moving to reduced risk products like e-cigarettes.’\u003C\u002Fem\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStatistics from NHS Digital showed that in 2018 - 2019, '\u003Ca tabindex=\"-1\" title=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdigital.nhs.uk\u002Fdata-and-information\u002Fpublications\u002Fstatistical\u002Fstatistics-on-nhs-stop-smoking-services-in-england\u002Fapril-2018-to-march-2019\" href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdigital.nhs.uk\u002Fdata-and-information\u002Fpublications\u002Fstatistical\u002Fstatistics-on-nhs-stop-smoking-services-in-england\u002Fapril-2018-to-march-2019\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"Link stop smoking services' supported 236,175 attempts to stop smoking\"\u003Estop smoking services' supported 236,175 attempts to stop smoking\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Those attempts in which clients used e-cigarettes have achieved the highest self-reported quit rates compared with prescription medication and Nicotine Replacement Therapy, indicating that the revisions of training based on King’s research has saved countless lives.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"entryTitle":"Clearing the smoke: the evidence behind vaping"},{"summary":"Why is that India's voters appear to place curiously little emphasis on health when it comes to voting decisions? Professor Louise Tillin is investigating exactly this. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"National flag of India","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"1920 RiA India Institute","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"320c61e4-efc3-49bd-a64e-662b86b8a04e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Falumni\u002Fnews-misc-sizes\u002F1920-ria-india-institute.x53725af9.png"}}},"regions":[{"entryTitle":"India","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f77fde22-83bb-4402-ad14-2302bc10e9cf","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"region","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Population Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"58ef9a3d-56a9-44f8-b182-9bb8e4fc9aef","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"International relations","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"40059c8e-1855-4d23-bba7-68e3e58a8faf","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Good health & well-being (SDG 3)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"cb19693e-67aa-4c11-872d-7f8df532ba81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Reduced inequalities (SDG 10)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"a28a9bd1-b885-4c85-87e1-8cf03b924c1a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Peace, justice & strong institutions (SDG 16)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d8a7cf14-b2e8-4250-bb1c-0494d8e56dc5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"King’s alumni","entryDescription":"alumni","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f44275cd-dd57-4d3d-9f2b-e628ddafd7b7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"King’s India Institute","entryDescription":"kii","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"fdfca5a2-1064-4ec6-a2c2-2a27d81d4115","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Global Affairs","entryDescription":"global-affairs","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"29033ef0-2319-4257-bdb5-3d4623e50c71","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Social Science & Public Policy","entryDescription":"sspp","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"affd3ae9-0923-43cd-8d88-f4171acf0043","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2022-07-11T00:00:00","searchOptions":null,"entryDescription":"Why is that India's voters appear to place curiously little emphasis on health when it comes to voting decisions? Professor Louise Tillin is investigating exactly this. ","sys":{"owner":"k1926835","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"spotlight","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1926835","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1926835","created":"2022-07-11T13:39:36.6433713Z","versionNo":"5.0","modified":"2022-10-21T09:45:08.5885168Z","modifiedBy":"k1926835","published":"2022-10-21T09:45:20.6841018Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"6768f81b-6364-455f-80e7-96dd251c3bf2","projectId":"website","slug":"reimagining-indias-health-system","properties":{}},"title":"Reimagining India's health system","relatedLinks":[{"type":"links","value":{"linkLabel":"Read from Professor Tillin and Sandhya Venkateswaran about the importance of this work (Lancet Citizens' Commission)","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fa-democratic-health-check-why-india-shows-the-need-for-democracies-to-prioritise-healthcare"}}],"relatedCourses":[],"relatedResearch":[],"featuredImage":{"altText":"National flag of India","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"780 RiA India Institute","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"9556c796-e09c-4d3f-9b41-eef5eb0fe50e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Falumni\u002Fnews-misc-sizes\u002F780-ria-india-institute.x2e5c0a81.png"}}},"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Louise Tillin","entryDescription":"Professor of Politics","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4c157c98-f330-4102-a696-f8c1da94f50c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"relatedSpotlightArticle":{"entryTitle":"The power to improve lives, anywhere: the impact of global research collaboration","entryDescription":"Mental health. Gender equality. Fragile health systems. Conflict. When you think about the pressing issues our society faces, solutions might seem years away.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"031816a0-524c-470d-97d0-6ac3475bcc8a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"spotlight","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EIndia has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, with more than 43 million recorded cases and 524,000 deaths since early 2020. As in many countries, this state of emergency has unearthed the dangerous consequences of decades of under-investment in the healthcare system.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYet India’s voters appear to place curiously little emphasis on health as they decide to vote, with unemployment and development looming as larger voter priorities.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhy don’t voters prioritise health?\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe reasons for this are complex. Indian citizens may have low expectations of government as a healthcare provider as the health system has remained unresponsive and unaccountable for so long. But it may also be because political parties and politicians do not place promises of improving health care at the centre of their election campaigns.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a result, India’s public health expenditure is also stubbornly low compared to other countries – just 1% of GDP per annum vs. 3% in China, 4% in Brazil and 4.5% in South Africa, preventing improvements from being made. Private, out-of-pocket expenses account for 48% of total health spending, creating one of the biggest risk factors responsible for individuals falling into poverty.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fpeople\u002Flouise-tillin\"\u003EProfessor Louise Tillin\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, Director of the King’s India Institute (KII) is working with Lokniti, Centre for Study of Developing Societies; Centre for Social and Economic Progress (CSEP) in Delhi and Royal Holloway, University of London to conduct research to investigate why health is not prioritised and what can be done to strengthen political commitment to ensuring universal access to good healthcare in India.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe findings of this research will inform the thinking of the \u003Cem\u003ELancet\u003C\u002Fem\u003E Citizens' Commission on Reimagining India’s Health System, whose commissioner Sandhya Venkateswaran (CSEP) is a member of the research team.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"780 RiA India Street Image","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"6a4682c9-82b9-493c-b207-46cf96da22d4","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Falumni\u002Fnews-misc-sizes\u002F780-ria-india-street-image.xcf60b74b.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EA pilot survey across five Indian states\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe mission of the \u003Cem\u003ELancet\u003C\u002Fem\u003E Citizens' Commission is an ambitious, cross-sectoral endeavour to lay out the path to achieving universal health coverage for the people of India. Structural change towards this goal, however, can only be attained through consulting and engaging with the diverse sectors involved in health care, and most importantly, with Indian citizens.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn collaboration with Lokniti, CSEP and Royal Holloway, the KII is conducting a survey across five Indian states funded by a British Academy Small Grant, with additional support from CSEP, KII and Lokniti. Hearing from Indian citizens directly, the survey will explore the reasons why voters don’t appear to prioritise health and will give a better indication as to whether there is a latent public demand for greater prioritisation of their health.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBuilding back better following COVID-19\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe pandemic offers a line in the sand – a chance to reimagine the political foundations of health in India. Findings from the survey will make more visible the demands of voters, providing a starting point for the multifaceted approach that will be needed to rebuild India’s health systems.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EData from the survey is expected later this year, providing a vital opportunity for the Indian public to feed into the roadmap for realising a resilient health system that offers quality health care to all.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"postitNote","value":{"title":"About the King's India Institute","alignment":"Full width","content":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fkii\"\u003EKing’s India Institute\u003C\u002Fa\u003E is home to academic staff who pursue research within multiple social science disciplines and is celebrating its 10th anniversary this year. The need for a hub of research and teaching excellence to deepen public understanding of contemporary India and address crucial questions of this nature is pressing. The King’s India Institute serves as an incubator of research and training of the next generation of academics and researchers. This is just one example of many research projects currently taking place within the Institute. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fkii\"\u003EFind out more about our work and how you can support us\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}},{"type":"downloadNote","value":{"summary":"The King's India Institute at 10 brochure provides a summary of the institute's research, teaching and public engagement over the past decade.","files":[{"entryTitle":"King's India Institute 10th anniversary brochure, 2022","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"ab17a8e0-4161-4db8-be9b-359c245997fd","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"pdf","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fkii\u002Fassets\u002Fkings-india-institute-10th-anniversary-brochure-2022.pdf"}}],"title":"Download the King's India Institute's 10th anniversary brochure","alignment":"Full width"}},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"780 KII 10","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"e45b34c3-de71-4358-bf35-89635c3fac4f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Falumni\u002Fnews-misc-sizes\u002F780-kii-10.x013f4252.png"}}}},{"type":"postitNote","value":{"title":"Delivering the UN Sustainable Development Goals","alignment":"Full width","content":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EKing's College London has a long and proud history of serving the needs and aspirations of society. We are committed to the \u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsdgs.un.org\u002Fgoals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003E\u003Cem\u003EUN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fa\u003E\u003Cem\u003E as a university, and we use them as a framework for reporting on our social impact. The SDGs are a set of 17 goals approved by the 193 member states of the United Nations (UN) which aim to transform the world by 2030. This research supports SDGs \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsdgs.un.org\u002Fgoals\u002Fgoal3\"\u003E3\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsdgs.un.org\u002Fgoals\u002Fgoal10\"\u003E10\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fsdgs.un.org\u002Fgoals\u002Fgoal16\"\u003E16\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fem\u003E\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Society","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3376166e-dba4-4824-9278-b4b710cddf81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"University","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e7ae859c-7867-4bbf-8d45-5b40e62ea10f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"International","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"daf07a30-df82-4a81-844c-72b1925f8704","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"entryTitle":"Reimagining India's health system"},{"summary":"The origin, or 'provenance' of data is important to gaining trust in policies and processes that are data driven. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"question-key","transformations":"w=1920&h=1278&crop=1920,1080,0,99","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"question-key","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"c765a4f5-617b-48f1-8e0f-268c9320558f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FAboutsection\u002Fprofessionalservices\u002Fstu-bus-systems\u002Fquestion-key.x425fd34b.jpg?w=1920&h=1278&crop=1920,1080,0,99"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Computer science","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"a85ef05b-e510-4f79-9fd3-b2f5ad4bbb79","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Population Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"58ef9a3d-56a9-44f8-b182-9bb8e4fc9aef","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Department of Population Health Sciences","entryDescription":"hscr","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c1aaf456-c885-4ba0-b934-f2b44b9ccfde","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine","entryDescription":"lsm","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b1a8567a-2e0c-423a-877e-ff5a1c989a1e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Life Course & Population Sciences","entryDescription":"slcps","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"7c4a9e90-fc53-4520-985c-532729d0d4dc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of Informatics","entryDescription":"informatics","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"8e2180f6-affe-461e-a481-6a99209559a6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences","entryDescription":"nmes","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"25fe09c1-536a-496d-a117-0b718f3072d5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2022-07-21T00:00:00","searchOptions":null,"entryDescription":"The origin, or 'provenance' of data is important to gaining trust in policies and processes that are data driven. ","sys":{"owner":"k1767312","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"spotlight","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1767312","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1767312","created":"2022-07-22T07:41:40.0083292Z","versionNo":"3.0","modified":"2022-08-09T08:59:59.3808797Z","modifiedBy":"k1767312","published":"2022-08-09T09:00:12.2117383Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"c759c76e-b353-4779-97f4-5551c465305c","projectId":"website","slug":"where-does-data-come-from","properties":{}},"title":"Where does data come from?","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"relatedResearch":[],"featuredImage":{"altText":"data image","transformations":"w=780&h=505&crop=780,440,0,33","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"data image","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"1bbcdadf-34e1-40b3-b8dc-b3ed5b08c652","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002FImportedImages\u002FSchools\u002FSSPP\u002Fsshm\u002Fdata-image.xdc78d815.png?w=780&h=505&crop=780,440,0,33"}}},"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Vasa Curcin","entryDescription":"Professor of Health Informatics ","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5df83f36-4d01-49a8-aa38-be8b0bcacb0f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Luc Moreau","entryDescription":"Head of Department of Informatics","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4a1020ad-ec96-456e-b83b-eeaeac00be06","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"relatedSpotlightArticle":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EWhen it comes to food, wine or art the idea of provenance is widely understood. It’s a way of verifying that a painting really is by a famous artist or that Cornish pasties come from Cornwall. We know because someone can trace back the painting or the pasty to its origins. For the person who is buying a pasty (or Jersey Royal potatoes, or French champagne) or the museum or collector acquiring a valuable painting , provenance is what allows them to trust that they are getting the genuine article.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EExactly the same principles apply in the digital world. Each year we rely on data to drive more and more areas of human activity. As processes become ever more sophisticated it is important to be able to trace data back to its origins, to allow people to trust what the data is telling them.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProvenance is a fundamental building block of data governance. It tells us about the entities, activities, and people involved in producing a piece of data , which can be used to form assessments about its quality, reliability or trustworthiness. This information is typically obtained by tracing the relationship between agent, entity, and activity, and the time that the activity started and ended (who did what when, where and how). Academic research on provenance has led to the development of a computerised standard called the PROV data model, or PROV-DM (https:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002FTR\u002Fprov-dm\u002F). The PROV standard is published by the World Wide Web Consortium.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Fundamentally provenance is about trust in the integrity of data. The adoption of a common international standard, PROV, has opened up boundless possibilities for using data to drive services that benefit everyone ”.","source":"Professor Luc Moreau, Head of the Department of Informatics"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EKing’s has worked in this area for more than a decade, laying groundwork for the adoption of the PROV standard, and conducting world-leading research that builds on PROV to deepen the understanding of provenance, develop software engineering methodologies and techniques to deploy provenance, and to conceive provenance-based techniques for systems to produce explanations about their decisions. What started as conceptual work is now widely used in practice, in sectors including health management systems, automated decision systems in finance and command and control systems in the US Navy.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe need became more acute In the UK with the introduction of new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2018. Organisations managing data have comprehensive responsibilities for ensuring the accuracy and protection of data. This is overseen by the Information Commissioners’ Office (ICO) , the government body responsible for upholding individuals’ information rights. It has drawn on work led by Luc Moreau, in setting out its guidance to companies on \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fico.org.uk\u002Ffor-organisations\u002Fguide-to-data-protection\u002Fkey-dp-themes\u002Fexplaining-decisions-made-with-ai\u002F\"\u003Eexplaining decisions made with AI\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. – a fundamental step in improving trust in AI and the processes it drives.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn health care, Imosphere Ltd is a software company that develops tools for health, care and education organisations. Its flagship project, \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fimosphere.com\u002Fhealth-and-research-analytics\u002Ffaqs\u002Fatmolytics\u002Fwhat-is-atmolytics\u002F\"\u003EAtmolytics\u003C\u002Fa\u003E produces interactive reports from patient cohort data. Atmolytics incorporates elements of provenance template technology developed by Professor Vasa Curcin, Reader in Health Informatics, to add new functionality to the product. He said:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Provenance templates can be used to generate a model-driven service interface for domain software tools to routinely capture the provenance of their data and tasks. It is exciting to see templates being widely adopted to support health analytics.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E The new, provenance-enabled version of Atmolytics was launched in 2018 and by November 2020 had more than 4,000 users in the UK and USA, managing data for more than one million patients. The product allows care providers and services to use reliable, trusted data to identity patients at risk of certain conditions, track disease markers for patient cohorts, identify gaps in provision and assess the impact of new services. Among its many uses the South London Stroke Registry is using the programme as a front end providing sophisticated data exploration, visualisation and data analytics.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CEO of Imosphere, says:\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“Using the PROV standard and provenance templates…. saved us years in design and development time and ensured we are standard compliant for any further extensions, reducing time to market by approximately one year…. It has also improved the software engineering aspect of our data analytics portal, as it promotes good practice in reusing and documenting analytical components across reports, avoiding duplication.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe term provenance was first used in the English language in the late 18\u003Csup\u003Eth\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E century, to describe the origins of historical artefacts. Now, 250 years later, the concept has been extended to protect and enable the newest data driven innovations.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Technology & Science","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"60c84afe-f51e-4e80-af7d-188d9eff995c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"entryTitle":"Where does data come from?"}],"sys":{"owner":"k2254674","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryBasic","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"featuredNews","language":"en-GB","allUris":["\u002Fnews"],"uri":"\u002Fnews","version":{"publishedBy":"k1811792","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"","created":"2018-07-30T08:46:56.9852687Z","versionNo":"1191.0","modified":"2024-05-03T09:08:48.7399507Z","modifiedBy":"k1811792","published":"2024-05-03T09:08:54.083758Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"6018e3b2-1334-4e29-995b-bd2958b5027c","projectId":"website","slug":"featured-news","properties":{}},"title":"Featured news","promoDescription":"Read about the latest key news and research stories from King's College London.","homepageNews":[{"summary":"A former Secretary-General of the United Nations has called for “urgent reform” of the powerful Security Council to stop political wrangling from preventing action on major humanitarian crises.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Ban Ki-moon speaking on stage with Professor 'Funmi Olonisakin and Professor Shitij Kapur on 1 May 2024","transformations":null,"caption":"Credit: Jo Mieszkowski","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Q&A 010524 pic1","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"561049af-d10d-467a-8281-6d21cb5b1641","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-qa-010524-pic1.x9386d33c.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Security","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"89ed5ea8-f127-4545-ac26-8575bd9d4b16","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Climate action (SDG 13)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"787d0e8e-c482-438b-bfa7-a930e517dad9","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Peace, justice & strong institutions (SDG 16)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d8a7cf14-b2e8-4250-bb1c-0494d8e56dc5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Partnerships for the goals (SDG 17)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"dad19340-518f-41be-a8dc-d6fcd23d81ad","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Social Science & Public Policy","entryDescription":"sspp","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"affd3ae9-0923-43cd-8d88-f4171acf0043","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"The Dickson Poon School of Law","entryDescription":"law","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4e728aa8-6786-4c2f-8757-de73431dc70a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Politics & Economics","entryDescription":"politics-economics","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e27c5a5f-1571-4833-bd5f-9e2ef6375080","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of European & International Studies","entryDescription":"eis","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"15640527-d142-4df0-9c8a-c2ba93a6bc67","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of War Studies","entryDescription":"warstudies","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bc942857-185c-4fe0-8d84-1ad0344a9f04","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Global Affairs","entryDescription":"global-affairs","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"29033ef0-2319-4257-bdb5-3d4623e50c71","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-05-02T13:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"A former Secretary-General of the United Nations has called for “urgent reform” of the powerful Security Council to stop political wrangling from preventing action on major humanitarian crises.","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k1811792","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1811792","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1811792","created":"2024-05-02T11:00:54.280102Z","versionNo":"6.0","modified":"2024-05-02T16:00:30.5615471Z","modifiedBy":"k1811792","published":"2024-05-02T16:00:55.8031162Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"e997c317-afbc-4a5e-b880-374918314c74","projectId":"website","slug":"urgent-reform-of-un-needed-to-avoid-paralysis-on-humanitarian-crises-says-former-secretary-general","properties":{}},"title":"Urgent UN reform needed to avoid paralysis on crises, says former Secretary-General","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EBan Ki-moon warned the Security Council was “too often paralysed” and called on its five permanent members, the UK, US, France, China and Russia, to remember the cost of inaction seen during genocides in Rwanda and Syria.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe also highlighted the threats from climate change, warning that the science suggests, if global temperature rises are not kept under control, a sixth global mass extinction could unfold.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMr Ban was speaking at King’s College London and reflected on his time at the helm of the United Nations (UN) where he served as the eighth Secretary-General from 2007-2016, and he also looked ahead to emerging threats to global peace and security.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe said: “The malfunctioning of the UN Security Council, the gridlock, is holding up the UN from the job of protecting future generations from the scourge of war.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"I am of the view that urgent reform is a vital process to ensure the UN remains relevant.\nThe Security Council is too often paralysed during urgent crises such as the situation we are seeing in Ukraine and Gaza.","source":"Ban Ki-moon "}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EMr Ban added: “The Council and its member states, particularly those who wield a veto – which includes the UK, must never forget the lessons of Rwanda or Syria, or today in Ukraine and the Middle East.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“The international community must reaffirm its commitment to human rights for all.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDelivering a lecture to a packed audience of King’s students and staff yesterday, he also highlighted climate change as the greatest threat facing the globe and said if global temperature rises were not kept under control, the science suggested a sixth global mass extinction could unfold.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"The climate crisis is here now and we need collective action to ensure full implementation of the Paris agreement. The situation remains critical and we must not allow states to backpedal or decelerate the green transition","source":"Ban Ki-moon "}},{"type":"carousel","value":[{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon lecture 010524","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"c4daa661-26e0-4d00-bde6-8dd88ad55067","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-lecture-010524.x5e2b12d3.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic1","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"ae80761d-c215-439a-9987-0227d6fd015c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic1.x007ac4ac.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic5","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"b9bc3de7-3f0f-44e1-841b-7bc122bb1c1d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic5.xd9c2905a.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic2","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"0cf2a937-75f1-4fe7-8ec6-34a39cb60fc5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic2.xb058f565.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic4","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"60e7724a-b78a-43a6-9651-6ec3c2f3deb7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic4.x3a1364b0.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic6","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"642da90e-a723-4127-9546-4c7e5c9f6789","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic6.x07cc1b94.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic3","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"41b6565e-027e-4a8b-83c4-56a6df3bd04d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic3.x8698aea0.png"}}}]},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EMr Ban was joined on stage by Professor Shitij Kapur, Vice-Chancellor and President of King’s College London, and Professor ‘Funmi Olonisakin, King’s Vice President (International, Engagement & Service). His lecture, ‘The role of multilateralism under current global challenges’, was followed by questions from the audience.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAhead of the lecture, Mr Ban was given a guided tour of King’s Strand campus and joined Professor Kapur and guests for a formal dinner.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe former Secretary-General’s visit was supported by the Department of European and International Studies, Department of Political Economy, Department of War Studies, School of Global Affairs, King's Business School, and the Dickson Poon School of Law.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"International","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"daf07a30-df82-4a81-844c-72b1925f8704","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Society","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3376166e-dba4-4824-9278-b4b710cddf81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"Urgent UN reform needed to avoid paralysis on crises, says former Secretary-General"},{"summary":"Nasa recently asked the scientific community to help come up with innovative ideas for ways to carry out its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Mars Sample Return - The Conversation (1)","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Mars Sample Return - The Conversation (1)","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"5e5e5eea-f9e1-490e-bfa5-289b0da8fd68","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnmes\u002Fmain-article-780X450\u002Fthe-conversation-republish\u002Fmars-sample-return-the-conversation-1.x0b887722.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Engineering","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"014d78ac-446a-42e6-b748-12ff8a713757","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Department of Engineering","entryDescription":"engineering","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c829256f-7971-4d9c-914b-02c0e77efe56","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences","entryDescription":"nmes","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"25fe09c1-536a-496d-a117-0b718f3072d5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-05-01T00:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Nasa recently asked the scientific community to help come up with innovative ideas for ways to carry out its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. ","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2364109","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2364109","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2364109","created":"2024-05-01T08:51:21.4568278Z","versionNo":"1.0","modified":"2024-05-01T09:01:17.026489Z","modifiedBy":"k2364109","published":"2024-05-01T09:02:10.5281067Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"0f229740-c3bf-4791-81d8-ea98ea5695a2","projectId":"website","slug":"comment-nasas-planned-mission-to-retrieve-rocks-from-mars-is-in-trouble-but-its-a-vital-step-to-sending-humans-to-the-red-planet","properties":{}},"title":"COMMENT: Nasa's planned mission to retrieve rocks from Mars is in trouble – but it's a vital step to sending humans to the red planet","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Yang Gao","entryDescription":"Professor of Robotics in the Department of Engineering","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"78716ec8-097c-4e97-921b-c5182078424b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":"By Professor Yang Gao, Professor of Robotics","articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThis was in response to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nasa.gov\u002Fmissions\u002Fmars-sample-return\u002Fnasa-releases-independent-reviews-mars-sample-return-report\u002F\"\u003Ea report by an independent board\u003C\u002Fa\u003E that deemed that its US$11 billion (£8.7 billion) price tag was too expensive and its 2040 timeline too far in the future.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn brief, the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fscience.nasa.gov\u002Fmission\u002Fmars-sample-return\u002F\"\u003Eambitious plan\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was to collect rock samples cached inside containers by Nasa’s Perseverance rover and deliver them to laboratories on Earth. Perseverance has been exploring Mars’ Jezero Crater, thought to have once hosted an ancient lake, since 2021. The mission would deliver the samples by sending a lander that carries a rocket (Nasa’s Sample Retrieval Lander) down to the surface of Mars.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPerseverance would then deliver the cached rock samples to the lander, with small drone helicopters delivered on the lander as a back up. Perseverance’s samples would then be launched into Mars’ orbit using the lander’s rocket. A spacecraft already in Martian orbit, the Earth Return Orbiter, would then intercept these samples and deliver them to Earth.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESeeing deadlines get pushed into the future isn’t new. It has happened with \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fscience-environment-67928687\"\u003ENasa’s plans to return to the Moon\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fphys.org\u002Fnews\u002F2023-02-long-delayed-exomars-mission.html\"\u003EEurope’s ExoMars mission to find life on the red planet\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. While it is good to be realistic about timelines, the landscape of space exploration has changed over the last two decades, as organisations like Nasa experience \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fspacenews.com\u002Fjpl-to-lay-off-8-of-workforce\u002F\"\u003Elarge scale financial strain and job losses\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EState superpowers are no longer sending people to the Moon with huge budgets as they did in the Apollo era. So innovation and efficiency are vital for making space exploration financially possible.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrivate companies are taking up a larger market share of space in the west. This is a watershed moment for space exploration and a wake-up call to pursue innovation that reins in spending. The alternative is to risk abandoning the final frontier.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch2\u003EA dry run for astronauts\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMars sample return has the potential to be scientifically groundbreaking in several ways. Rocks collected from Jezero Crater, specifically an outcrop called Bunsen’s Peak, has been found to be made up of minerals deposited in water.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn Earth, minerals deposited through water are good at \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0019103518306067#s0110\"\u003Etrapping biological material, such as microorganisms\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. They can also give an indication of climate conditions at the time the rock formed.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are limits to the science that can be carried out with scientific instruments that are also light enough to be loaded onto a rover. The ability to analyse samples of Martian rock in a lab on Earth could yield profound insights into the possibilities for life in space.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"Perseverance has been collecting cores from scientifically interesting rocks for their eventual return to Earth. NASA\u002FJPL-Caltech\u002FASU\u002FMSSS","asset":{"entryTitle":"Conversation-Space-1 (1)","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"1174202f-265c-46aa-aa57-4a6392417c26","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnmes\u002Fmain-article-780X450\u002Fthe-conversation-republish\u002Fconversation-space-1-1.x4efb031e.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EBut there is an even more fundamental reason as to why Mars sample return is so important. It’s a stepping stone to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nasa.gov\u002Fhumans-in-space\u002Fhumans-to-mars\u002F\"\u003Eputting humans on Mars\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Nasa’s programme of human space exploration \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nasa.gov\u002Ffeature\u002Fartemis\u002F\"\u003Eexplicitly aims to put humans on Mars\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIf you can’t bring back a rock sample, how will you ever bring back an astronaut? The safe storage and return of goods by launching from another planet back to Earth, in an economically viable way, are all necessary for a human Mars mission.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMissions in space are dangerous, with astronauts unable to rely on mission control over 100 million miles away. Any attempt to put boots on Mars must be done in a phased manner in order to reduce risk.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA number of space agencies around the world are exploring the potential missions to deliver samples of material from Mars or its moons, including China and Japan. Part of the reason for this interest is as a proof-of-concept for human landings – albeit a scaled-down one.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch2\u003EInnovation and miniaturisation\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDespite the importance of the mission, Nasa still needs to cut the Mars sample return budget from US$11 billion to US$8 billion in order to fulfil it. While a revised plan aims to streamline the mission architecture to make it less complex, as Nasa’s call for ideas suggests, innovation from academia will need to be brought in at a design level.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are many examples where engineers are already coming up with innovations to space exploration hardware that could deliver such efficiencies. For example, smaller, lighter rovers that are still able to withstand the harsh environments on other planetary bodies could cut costs and deliver other benefits.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAn \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002Ffull\u002F10.1002\u002Frob.22188\"\u003Eunconventional chassis\u003C\u002Fa\u003E based on the way that sandfish move around on shorelines could help rovers overcome large obstacles with less wheels, slimming down its weight and size.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWeight could also be saved on rovers by exploring innovative drilling and sampling methods. Prototype solutions with internal mechanisms that support \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0094576522002879\"\u003Elighter drills\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and expanded sample storage should be a priority for designers. These might not help the current Mars sample return mission, which will use a rover already on Mars, but it could bring down the cost of future sampling missions.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENasa asking the scientific community to come up with new ways to carry out Mars sample return is a recognition that things cannot go on as they are. Space exploration needs to embrace innovation, and a first step for that is engaging with academia.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo consolidate and accelerate transitional research, transferring knowledge from original inventors in the lab to the field will be vital to the field’s longevity and depends on closer, sustainable relationships with academics and research groups looking at space.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrivate companies entering the space race – and new space powers like India, China, Saudi Arabia and the UAE – have shown that they are willing to look beyond the designs which have worked up until now, embracing innovation to improve cost efficiency.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUnless legacy organisations begin to seriously consider how innovation and knowledge transfer can make space exploration cheaper, they will have to ask themselves hard questions in future if they want to continue participating in cutting-edge space exploration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Technology & Science","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"60c84afe-f51e-4e80-af7d-188d9eff995c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Ftheconversation.com\u002Fnasas-planned-mission-to-retrieve-rocks-from-mars-is-in-trouble-but-its-a-vital-step-to-sending-humans-to-the-red-planet-228924"},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"COMMENT: Nasa's planned mission to retrieve rocks from Mars is in trouble – but it's a vital step to sending humans to the red planet"},{"summary":"Cancer patients diagnosed in English prisons do not receive the same level of curative treatment as those in the general population, meaning they are at increased risk of death.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"law2020-strangeways-prision-conference","transformations":"w=780&h=520&crop=780,440,0,40","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"prison-553836_1920","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"45235327-bcca-4f80-81d4-d1d1e212ab9f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Flaw\u002Fnews-images-780x440\u002Flaw2020-strangeways-prision-conference.x6c71b559.jpg?w=780&h=520&crop=780,440,0,40"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Cancer","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"883c5306-b8fe-4109-9341-2f9b9489a81e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine","entryDescription":"lsm","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b1a8567a-2e0c-423a-877e-ff5a1c989a1e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Comprehensive Cancer Centre","entryDescription":"cancer","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d9448133-2656-40e3-a8f5-85344d2e2b8a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences","entryDescription":"scps","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e84ea67e-8af2-4398-86ad-3668d788f2f6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-04-30T08:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Cancer patients diagnosed in English prisons do not receive the same level of curative treatment as those in the general population, meaning they are at increased risk of death.","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2475066","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2031537","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2475066","created":"2024-04-29T11:24:17.8923492Z","versionNo":"3.0","modified":"2024-04-29T15:09:19.5602816Z","modifiedBy":"k2475066","published":"2024-04-30T08:01:41.0228745Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"e39c0369-a08c-47c1-a7ba-24309ae1def0","projectId":"website","slug":"patients-diagnosed-with-cancer-in-prison-more-likely-to-die-from-the-disease","properties":{}},"title":"Patients diagnosed with cancer in prison more likely to die from the disease","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Dr Elizabeth Davies","entryDescription":"Clinical Reader in Cancer and Public Health","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"670d3abd-12d8-4219-a7f8-1023846dc5a6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EA study led by King’s College London, University of Surrey and University College London, and funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), shows that patients with cancer face several barriers to diagnosis in prison and once diagnosed, they receive significantly less treatment and lower planned care costs, and report worse experiences of care.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearchers analysed cancer data from \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdigital.nhs.uk\u002Fndrs\u002Fabout\u002Fndrs-strategic-plan-2023\"\u003ENational Disease Registration Service\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, which is part of NHS England, and conducted a series of interviews with cancer patients in prisons, as well as with prison and healthcare professionals.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThey found that compared with cancer patients in the general population, patients in prison are 28% less likely to undergo curative treatment, particularly surgery to remove tumours, and have a small but significantly increased risk of death (9%) – half of which was explained by treatment differences.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrisoners with cancer also have fewer but slightly longer emergency hospital admissions than the general population, and the cost of NHS hospital care is lower in the first six months due to fewer outpatient attendances and planned inpatient stays. However, once emergency care and security escort costs is added their overall hospital care costs are higher.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe study, presented in three collaborative papers published today by The Lancet Oncology and eClinical Medicine, highlights the need to improve cancer care for people in prisons to ensure it is equivalent to that received by the general population.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"There are a number of structural factors that influence how healthcare is organised within the prison system, including the way in which prisons interact with NHS cancer services.","source":"Dr Elizabeth Davies, Clinical Reader in Cancer and Public Health in the School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\"Unfortunately, these factors can mean the route to diagnosis for people in prison is different to that of the general population, and they may not always receive the same level of treatment and support,\" said Dr Davies.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\"People in prison with cancer have so far been a hidden and under-researched population. They should not be impacted by such health inequalities and should receive the same standard of care as they would in the community.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\"We would like to see much better use of existing data within the NHS, Prisons and Ministry of Justice to track and reduce these differences and better co-ordination of the care pathway between these organisations to improve care.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe study shows that while people in prison follow similar diagnostic pathways to those outside, they experience several barriers including, lower health literacy (the ability to obtain and understand information needed to make health decisions), a complex process for booking general practitioner appointments, and communication issues between both prison staff and with NHS clinicians involved in cancer care.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrison healthcare professionals, meanwhile, say that prior to diagnosis it can be difficult to distinguish between people with genuine healthcare concerns and those trying to access drugs.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPatients in prison are also at risk of their diagnostic appointments being cancelled or replaced by others, and of missing appointments or being late when transport to hospital does not show up. Staff shortages and emergency situations within prisons can also result in missed appointments, if escort officers are asked to cover other jobs within the prison.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe use of handcuffs is highlighted as another barrier to accessing care and a reason for patients to refuse a hospital appointment, while the presence of prison officers at appointments can mean some patients are reluctant to ask certain medical questions or raise concerns. This is the first study to highlight that healthcare professionals and prison officers are also discomforted by this practice.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOnce diagnosed, many patients say they feel unable to follow the advice of oncology professionals for managing and reporting any side effects, especially as they cannot communicate directly with their consultants from prison.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOncology services also frequently advise patients to bring a family member or friend to appointments to support them psychologically and help with information gathering and retention. Yet most of those diagnosed in prison attend appointments without any family support and there is little interaction between their family and the oncology team.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Prisons are designed to take away elements of control and choice for prisoners however this should not apply to their healthcare. ","source":"Professor Jo Armes, Professor of Cancer Care and Lead for Digital Health in the School of Health Sciences at the University of Surrey"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\"Our findings show that patients experience a number of barriers during diagnosis and similarly, once treatment started, they struggled to follow the advice of oncology professionals for reporting and managing any side effects,\" said Professor Armes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\"Instead, they were reliant on prison officers and prison health professionals to respond appropriately, which undoubtedly impacts on their overall physical and emotional wellbeing. With a growing and ageing prison population there is an increasing need for patients with cancer within the prison system to access equivalent care to those in the community.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Although the cost of clinical cancer-related care for people in prison is less than in the general population, this does not reflect cost savings or efficiency, but worse access to care. More evidence is needed on cost-effective ways to improve access to curative cancer care for people in prison that is appropriate for the prison service.","source":"Professor Rachael Hunter, Professor of Health Economics at UCL"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe study was coproduced by peer researchers with lived experience of the criminal justice system, supported by Revolving Doors – a charity dedicated to improving services for people in contact with the criminal justice system. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"Patients diagnosed with cancer in prison more likely to die from the disease"}],"contactInformation":{"entryThumbnail":null,"name":"King’s Media Centre","link":[{"linkLabel":"Contact Corporate Communications","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fcontactus"},{"linkLabel":"Statements","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fstatements\u002F"}],"entryDescription":null,"telephone":[],"text":"Providing information and resources for journalists and media professionals.","sys":{"owner":"k0960388","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryBasic","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"contactInformation","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k0960388","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k0960388","created":"2023-04-03T14:06:28.5919753Z","versionNo":"4.0","modified":"2023-05-16T16:09:39.7259974Z","modifiedBy":"k0960388","published":"2023-05-16T16:09:42.4447869Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"c4108930-822c-4d3d-a109-773921596a61","projectId":"website","slug":"kings-media-centre-copy","properties":{}},"headingOverride":"King’s Media Centre","entryTitle":"King’s Media Centre","email":[]},"promoTitle":"King's College London news","newsFeaured":[{"summary":"A former Secretary-General of the United Nations has called for “urgent reform” of the powerful Security Council to stop political wrangling from preventing action on major humanitarian crises.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Ban Ki-moon speaking on stage with Professor 'Funmi Olonisakin and Professor Shitij Kapur on 1 May 2024","transformations":null,"caption":"Credit: Jo Mieszkowski","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Q&A 010524 pic1","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"561049af-d10d-467a-8281-6d21cb5b1641","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-qa-010524-pic1.x9386d33c.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Security","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"89ed5ea8-f127-4545-ac26-8575bd9d4b16","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Climate action (SDG 13)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"787d0e8e-c482-438b-bfa7-a930e517dad9","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Peace, justice & strong institutions (SDG 16)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d8a7cf14-b2e8-4250-bb1c-0494d8e56dc5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Partnerships for the goals (SDG 17)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"dad19340-518f-41be-a8dc-d6fcd23d81ad","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Social Science & Public Policy","entryDescription":"sspp","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"affd3ae9-0923-43cd-8d88-f4171acf0043","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"The Dickson Poon School of Law","entryDescription":"law","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4e728aa8-6786-4c2f-8757-de73431dc70a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Politics & Economics","entryDescription":"politics-economics","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e27c5a5f-1571-4833-bd5f-9e2ef6375080","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of European & International Studies","entryDescription":"eis","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"15640527-d142-4df0-9c8a-c2ba93a6bc67","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Department of War Studies","entryDescription":"warstudies","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bc942857-185c-4fe0-8d84-1ad0344a9f04","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Global Affairs","entryDescription":"global-affairs","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"29033ef0-2319-4257-bdb5-3d4623e50c71","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-05-02T13:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"A former Secretary-General of the United Nations has called for “urgent reform” of the powerful Security Council to stop political wrangling from preventing action on major humanitarian crises.","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k1811792","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1811792","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1811792","created":"2024-05-02T11:00:54.280102Z","versionNo":"6.0","modified":"2024-05-02T16:00:30.5615471Z","modifiedBy":"k1811792","published":"2024-05-02T16:00:55.8031162Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"e997c317-afbc-4a5e-b880-374918314c74","projectId":"website","slug":"urgent-reform-of-un-needed-to-avoid-paralysis-on-humanitarian-crises-says-former-secretary-general","properties":{}},"title":"Urgent UN reform needed to avoid paralysis on crises, says former Secretary-General","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EBan Ki-moon warned the Security Council was “too often paralysed” and called on its five permanent members, the UK, US, France, China and Russia, to remember the cost of inaction seen during genocides in Rwanda and Syria.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe also highlighted the threats from climate change, warning that the science suggests, if global temperature rises are not kept under control, a sixth global mass extinction could unfold.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMr Ban was speaking at King’s College London and reflected on his time at the helm of the United Nations (UN) where he served as the eighth Secretary-General from 2007-2016, and he also looked ahead to emerging threats to global peace and security.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe said: “The malfunctioning of the UN Security Council, the gridlock, is holding up the UN from the job of protecting future generations from the scourge of war.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"I am of the view that urgent reform is a vital process to ensure the UN remains relevant.\nThe Security Council is too often paralysed during urgent crises such as the situation we are seeing in Ukraine and Gaza.","source":"Ban Ki-moon "}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EMr Ban added: “The Council and its member states, particularly those who wield a veto – which includes the UK, must never forget the lessons of Rwanda or Syria, or today in Ukraine and the Middle East.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E“The international community must reaffirm its commitment to human rights for all.”\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDelivering a lecture to a packed audience of King’s students and staff yesterday, he also highlighted climate change as the greatest threat facing the globe and said if global temperature rises were not kept under control, the science suggested a sixth global mass extinction could unfold.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"The climate crisis is here now and we need collective action to ensure full implementation of the Paris agreement. The situation remains critical and we must not allow states to backpedal or decelerate the green transition","source":"Ban Ki-moon "}},{"type":"carousel","value":[{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon lecture 010524","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"c4daa661-26e0-4d00-bde6-8dd88ad55067","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-lecture-010524.x5e2b12d3.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic1","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"ae80761d-c215-439a-9987-0227d6fd015c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic1.x007ac4ac.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic5","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"b9bc3de7-3f0f-44e1-841b-7bc122bb1c1d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic5.xd9c2905a.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic2","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"0cf2a937-75f1-4fe7-8ec6-34a39cb60fc5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic2.xb058f565.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic4","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"60e7724a-b78a-43a6-9651-6ec3c2f3deb7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic4.x3a1364b0.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic6","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"642da90e-a723-4127-9546-4c7e5c9f6789","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic6.x07cc1b94.png"}}},{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Ban Ki-moon Tour 010524 pic3","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"41b6565e-027e-4a8b-83c4-56a6df3bd04d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Feis\u002Fmain\u002Fban-ki-moon-visit-010524\u002Fban-ki-moon-tour-010524-pic3.x8698aea0.png"}}}]},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EMr Ban was joined on stage by Professor Shitij Kapur, Vice-Chancellor and President of King’s College London, and Professor ‘Funmi Olonisakin, King’s Vice President (International, Engagement & Service). His lecture, ‘The role of multilateralism under current global challenges’, was followed by questions from the audience.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAhead of the lecture, Mr Ban was given a guided tour of King’s Strand campus and joined Professor Kapur and guests for a formal dinner.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe former Secretary-General’s visit was supported by the Department of European and International Studies, Department of Political Economy, Department of War Studies, School of Global Affairs, King's Business School, and the Dickson Poon School of Law.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"International","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"daf07a30-df82-4a81-844c-72b1925f8704","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Society","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3376166e-dba4-4824-9278-b4b710cddf81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"Urgent UN reform needed to avoid paralysis on crises, says former Secretary-General"},{"summary":"Nasa recently asked the scientific community to help come up with innovative ideas for ways to carry out its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. ","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Mars Sample Return - The Conversation (1)","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Mars Sample Return - The Conversation (1)","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"5e5e5eea-f9e1-490e-bfa5-289b0da8fd68","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnmes\u002Fmain-article-780X450\u002Fthe-conversation-republish\u002Fmars-sample-return-the-conversation-1.x0b887722.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Engineering","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"014d78ac-446a-42e6-b748-12ff8a713757","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Department of Engineering","entryDescription":"engineering","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c829256f-7971-4d9c-914b-02c0e77efe56","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences","entryDescription":"nmes","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"25fe09c1-536a-496d-a117-0b718f3072d5","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-05-01T00:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Nasa recently asked the scientific community to help come up with innovative ideas for ways to carry out its Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission. ","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2364109","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2364109","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2364109","created":"2024-05-01T08:51:21.4568278Z","versionNo":"1.0","modified":"2024-05-01T09:01:17.026489Z","modifiedBy":"k2364109","published":"2024-05-01T09:02:10.5281067Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"0f229740-c3bf-4791-81d8-ea98ea5695a2","projectId":"website","slug":"comment-nasas-planned-mission-to-retrieve-rocks-from-mars-is-in-trouble-but-its-a-vital-step-to-sending-humans-to-the-red-planet","properties":{}},"title":"COMMENT: Nasa's planned mission to retrieve rocks from Mars is in trouble – but it's a vital step to sending humans to the red planet","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Yang Gao","entryDescription":"Professor of Robotics in the Department of Engineering","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"78716ec8-097c-4e97-921b-c5182078424b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":"By Professor Yang Gao, Professor of Robotics","articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThis was in response to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nasa.gov\u002Fmissions\u002Fmars-sample-return\u002Fnasa-releases-independent-reviews-mars-sample-return-report\u002F\"\u003Ea report by an independent board\u003C\u002Fa\u003E that deemed that its US$11 billion (£8.7 billion) price tag was too expensive and its 2040 timeline too far in the future.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn brief, the \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fscience.nasa.gov\u002Fmission\u002Fmars-sample-return\u002F\"\u003Eambitious plan\u003C\u002Fa\u003E was to collect rock samples cached inside containers by Nasa’s Perseverance rover and deliver them to laboratories on Earth. Perseverance has been exploring Mars’ Jezero Crater, thought to have once hosted an ancient lake, since 2021. The mission would deliver the samples by sending a lander that carries a rocket (Nasa’s Sample Retrieval Lander) down to the surface of Mars.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPerseverance would then deliver the cached rock samples to the lander, with small drone helicopters delivered on the lander as a back up. Perseverance’s samples would then be launched into Mars’ orbit using the lander’s rocket. A spacecraft already in Martian orbit, the Earth Return Orbiter, would then intercept these samples and deliver them to Earth.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESeeing deadlines get pushed into the future isn’t new. It has happened with \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bbc.co.uk\u002Fnews\u002Fscience-environment-67928687\"\u003ENasa’s plans to return to the Moon\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fphys.org\u002Fnews\u002F2023-02-long-delayed-exomars-mission.html\"\u003EEurope’s ExoMars mission to find life on the red planet\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. While it is good to be realistic about timelines, the landscape of space exploration has changed over the last two decades, as organisations like Nasa experience \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fspacenews.com\u002Fjpl-to-lay-off-8-of-workforce\u002F\"\u003Elarge scale financial strain and job losses\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EState superpowers are no longer sending people to the Moon with huge budgets as they did in the Apollo era. So innovation and efficiency are vital for making space exploration financially possible.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrivate companies are taking up a larger market share of space in the west. This is a watershed moment for space exploration and a wake-up call to pursue innovation that reins in spending. The alternative is to risk abandoning the final frontier.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch2\u003EA dry run for astronauts\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMars sample return has the potential to be scientifically groundbreaking in several ways. Rocks collected from Jezero Crater, specifically an outcrop called Bunsen’s Peak, has been found to be made up of minerals deposited in water.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn Earth, minerals deposited through water are good at \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0019103518306067#s0110\"\u003Etrapping biological material, such as microorganisms\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. They can also give an indication of climate conditions at the time the rock formed.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are limits to the science that can be carried out with scientific instruments that are also light enough to be loaded onto a rover. The ability to analyse samples of Martian rock in a lab on Earth could yield profound insights into the possibilities for life in space.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"image","value":{"altText":"","transformations":null,"caption":"Perseverance has been collecting cores from scientifically interesting rocks for their eventual return to Earth. NASA\u002FJPL-Caltech\u002FASU\u002FMSSS","asset":{"entryTitle":"Conversation-Space-1 (1)","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"1174202f-265c-46aa-aa57-4a6392417c26","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnmes\u002Fmain-article-780X450\u002Fthe-conversation-republish\u002Fconversation-space-1-1.x4efb031e.png"}}}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EBut there is an even more fundamental reason as to why Mars sample return is so important. It’s a stepping stone to \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nasa.gov\u002Fhumans-in-space\u002Fhumans-to-mars\u002F\"\u003Eputting humans on Mars\u003C\u002Fa\u003E. Nasa’s programme of human space exploration \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nasa.gov\u002Ffeature\u002Fartemis\u002F\"\u003Eexplicitly aims to put humans on Mars\u003C\u002Fa\u003E.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIf you can’t bring back a rock sample, how will you ever bring back an astronaut? The safe storage and return of goods by launching from another planet back to Earth, in an economically viable way, are all necessary for a human Mars mission.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMissions in space are dangerous, with astronauts unable to rely on mission control over 100 million miles away. Any attempt to put boots on Mars must be done in a phased manner in order to reduce risk.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA number of space agencies around the world are exploring the potential missions to deliver samples of material from Mars or its moons, including China and Japan. Part of the reason for this interest is as a proof-of-concept for human landings – albeit a scaled-down one.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Ch2\u003EInnovation and miniaturisation\u003C\u002Fh2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDespite the importance of the mission, Nasa still needs to cut the Mars sample return budget from US$11 billion to US$8 billion in order to fulfil it. While a revised plan aims to streamline the mission architecture to make it less complex, as Nasa’s call for ideas suggests, innovation from academia will need to be brought in at a design level.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are many examples where engineers are already coming up with innovations to space exploration hardware that could deliver such efficiencies. For example, smaller, lighter rovers that are still able to withstand the harsh environments on other planetary bodies could cut costs and deliver other benefits.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAn \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com\u002Fdoi\u002Ffull\u002F10.1002\u002Frob.22188\"\u003Eunconventional chassis\u003C\u002Fa\u003E based on the way that sandfish move around on shorelines could help rovers overcome large obstacles with less wheels, slimming down its weight and size.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWeight could also be saved on rovers by exploring innovative drilling and sampling methods. Prototype solutions with internal mechanisms that support \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.sciencedirect.com\u002Fscience\u002Farticle\u002Fpii\u002FS0094576522002879\"\u003Elighter drills\u003C\u002Fa\u003E and expanded sample storage should be a priority for designers. These might not help the current Mars sample return mission, which will use a rover already on Mars, but it could bring down the cost of future sampling missions.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENasa asking the scientific community to come up with new ways to carry out Mars sample return is a recognition that things cannot go on as they are. Space exploration needs to embrace innovation, and a first step for that is engaging with academia.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo consolidate and accelerate transitional research, transferring knowledge from original inventors in the lab to the field will be vital to the field’s longevity and depends on closer, sustainable relationships with academics and research groups looking at space.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrivate companies entering the space race – and new space powers like India, China, Saudi Arabia and the UAE – have shown that they are willing to look beyond the designs which have worked up until now, embracing innovation to improve cost efficiency.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUnless legacy organisations begin to seriously consider how innovation and knowledge transfer can make space exploration cheaper, they will have to ask themselves hard questions in future if they want to continue participating in cutting-edge space exploration.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Technology & Science","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"60c84afe-f51e-4e80-af7d-188d9eff995c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Ftheconversation.com\u002Fnasas-planned-mission-to-retrieve-rocks-from-mars-is-in-trouble-but-its-a-vital-step-to-sending-humans-to-the-red-planet-228924"},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"COMMENT: Nasa's planned mission to retrieve rocks from Mars is in trouble – but it's a vital step to sending humans to the red planet"},{"summary":"Cancer patients diagnosed in English prisons do not receive the same level of curative treatment as those in the general population, meaning they are at increased risk of death.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"law2020-strangeways-prision-conference","transformations":"w=780&h=520&crop=780,440,0,40","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"prison-553836_1920","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"45235327-bcca-4f80-81d4-d1d1e212ab9f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Flaw\u002Fnews-images-780x440\u002Flaw2020-strangeways-prision-conference.x6c71b559.jpg?w=780&h=520&crop=780,440,0,40"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Cancer","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"883c5306-b8fe-4109-9341-2f9b9489a81e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine","entryDescription":"lsm","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b1a8567a-2e0c-423a-877e-ff5a1c989a1e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Comprehensive Cancer Centre","entryDescription":"cancer","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d9448133-2656-40e3-a8f5-85344d2e2b8a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences","entryDescription":"scps","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e84ea67e-8af2-4398-86ad-3668d788f2f6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-04-30T08:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Cancer patients diagnosed in English prisons do not receive the same level of curative treatment as those in the general population, meaning they are at increased risk of death.","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2475066","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2031537","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2475066","created":"2024-04-29T11:24:17.8923492Z","versionNo":"3.0","modified":"2024-04-29T15:09:19.5602816Z","modifiedBy":"k2475066","published":"2024-04-30T08:01:41.0228745Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"e39c0369-a08c-47c1-a7ba-24309ae1def0","projectId":"website","slug":"patients-diagnosed-with-cancer-in-prison-more-likely-to-die-from-the-disease","properties":{}},"title":"Patients diagnosed with cancer in prison more likely to die from the disease","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Dr Elizabeth Davies","entryDescription":"Clinical Reader in Cancer and Public Health","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"670d3abd-12d8-4219-a7f8-1023846dc5a6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EA study led by King’s College London, University of Surrey and University College London, and funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), shows that patients with cancer face several barriers to diagnosis in prison and once diagnosed, they receive significantly less treatment and lower planned care costs, and report worse experiences of care.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearchers analysed cancer data from \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fdigital.nhs.uk\u002Fndrs\u002Fabout\u002Fndrs-strategic-plan-2023\"\u003ENational Disease Registration Service\u003C\u002Fa\u003E, which is part of NHS England, and conducted a series of interviews with cancer patients in prisons, as well as with prison and healthcare professionals.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThey found that compared with cancer patients in the general population, patients in prison are 28% less likely to undergo curative treatment, particularly surgery to remove tumours, and have a small but significantly increased risk of death (9%) – half of which was explained by treatment differences.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrisoners with cancer also have fewer but slightly longer emergency hospital admissions than the general population, and the cost of NHS hospital care is lower in the first six months due to fewer outpatient attendances and planned inpatient stays. However, once emergency care and security escort costs is added their overall hospital care costs are higher.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe study, presented in three collaborative papers published today by The Lancet Oncology and eClinical Medicine, highlights the need to improve cancer care for people in prisons to ensure it is equivalent to that received by the general population.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"There are a number of structural factors that influence how healthcare is organised within the prison system, including the way in which prisons interact with NHS cancer services.","source":"Dr Elizabeth Davies, Clinical Reader in Cancer and Public Health in the School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\"Unfortunately, these factors can mean the route to diagnosis for people in prison is different to that of the general population, and they may not always receive the same level of treatment and support,\" said Dr Davies.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\"People in prison with cancer have so far been a hidden and under-researched population. They should not be impacted by such health inequalities and should receive the same standard of care as they would in the community.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\"We would like to see much better use of existing data within the NHS, Prisons and Ministry of Justice to track and reduce these differences and better co-ordination of the care pathway between these organisations to improve care.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe study shows that while people in prison follow similar diagnostic pathways to those outside, they experience several barriers including, lower health literacy (the ability to obtain and understand information needed to make health decisions), a complex process for booking general practitioner appointments, and communication issues between both prison staff and with NHS clinicians involved in cancer care.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrison healthcare professionals, meanwhile, say that prior to diagnosis it can be difficult to distinguish between people with genuine healthcare concerns and those trying to access drugs.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPatients in prison are also at risk of their diagnostic appointments being cancelled or replaced by others, and of missing appointments or being late when transport to hospital does not show up. Staff shortages and emergency situations within prisons can also result in missed appointments, if escort officers are asked to cover other jobs within the prison.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe use of handcuffs is highlighted as another barrier to accessing care and a reason for patients to refuse a hospital appointment, while the presence of prison officers at appointments can mean some patients are reluctant to ask certain medical questions or raise concerns. This is the first study to highlight that healthcare professionals and prison officers are also discomforted by this practice.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOnce diagnosed, many patients say they feel unable to follow the advice of oncology professionals for managing and reporting any side effects, especially as they cannot communicate directly with their consultants from prison.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOncology services also frequently advise patients to bring a family member or friend to appointments to support them psychologically and help with information gathering and retention. Yet most of those diagnosed in prison attend appointments without any family support and there is little interaction between their family and the oncology team.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Prisons are designed to take away elements of control and choice for prisoners however this should not apply to their healthcare. ","source":"Professor Jo Armes, Professor of Cancer Care and Lead for Digital Health in the School of Health Sciences at the University of Surrey"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\"Our findings show that patients experience a number of barriers during diagnosis and similarly, once treatment started, they struggled to follow the advice of oncology professionals for reporting and managing any side effects,\" said Professor Armes.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\"Instead, they were reliant on prison officers and prison health professionals to respond appropriately, which undoubtedly impacts on their overall physical and emotional wellbeing. With a growing and ageing prison population there is an increasing need for patients with cancer within the prison system to access equivalent care to those in the community.\"\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"},{"type":"quote","value":{"text":"Although the cost of clinical cancer-related care for people in prison is less than in the general population, this does not reflect cost savings or efficiency, but worse access to care. More evidence is needed on cost-effective ways to improve access to curative cancer care for people in prison that is appropriate for the prison service.","source":"Professor Rachael Hunter, Professor of Health Economics at UCL"}},{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe study was coproduced by peer researchers with lived experience of the criminal justice system, supported by Revolving Doors – a charity dedicated to improving services for people in contact with the criminal justice system. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"Patients diagnosed with cancer in prison more likely to die from the disease"},{"summary":"Since moving to London almost a decade ago, I’ve always been struck by the drink tins, sandwich packs and free newspapers draped on and wedged in every nook and cranny of this beautiful city.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Kachef_Fig9","transformations":"w=782&h=440&crop=780,440,1,0","caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"Kachef_Fig9","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"343746e1-22a3-4667-8496-477d15b43e52","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fsspp\u002Fkachef-fig9.xc57ea81a.jpg?w=782&h=440&crop=780,440,1,0"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Community","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5e3e0215-8823-4fc5-9561-9b5d61a88d22","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Environment","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"69680bb5-a874-4b54-a20c-d2bd82ca6aa7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Geography","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5a9c0abf-c204-46a2-b93b-d0f7266f2e0f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Sustainable cities & communities (SDG 11)","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"ecc2020e-e5d7-43b5-9df2-021bdee00f36","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Department of Geography","entryDescription":"geography","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"d3319a23-8841-47fd-b28a-24aca5d92f83","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"School of Global Affairs","entryDescription":"global-affairs","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"29033ef0-2319-4257-bdb5-3d4623e50c71","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Faculty of Social Science & Public Policy","entryDescription":"sspp","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"affd3ae9-0923-43cd-8d88-f4171acf0043","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-04-30T00:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"Since moving to London almost a decade ago, I’ve always been struck by the drink tins, sandwich packs and free newspapers draped on and wedged in every nook and cranny of this beautiful city.","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2369460","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2369460","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2369460","created":"2024-04-30T14:32:11.3266757Z","versionNo":"1.0","modified":"2024-04-30T15:44:05.2279509Z","modifiedBy":"k2369460","published":"2024-04-30T15:45:40.7356057Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"04697fc1-c8c2-469c-9019-2302720c1dda","projectId":"website","slug":"comment-polite-littering-is-a-rubbish-problem","properties":{}},"title":"COMMENT: 'Polite littering' is a rubbish problem - here's why the British approach to tackling clean ups is not working","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Randa Kachef","entryDescription":"Lecturer in Geography","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"43208444-97af-4860-bc09-b0f7d4b7d401","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":"By Dr Randa Kachef","articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EI’ve coined the phrase “polite littering” to represent rubbish that has been left like this, without people even realising they’re littering. This could be why communications that ask people not to litter when they don’t know they are littering, are simply ineffective, and can discredit the efforts of people cleaning up our public spaces.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe act of littering has always fascinated me and I’ve never thought it was OK to throw rubbish on the ground. Most people in the UK agree – 95% consider a clean environment to be important. This may seem like a very positive outlook, but street cleaners report having to collect a staggering 2 million items of litter a day, costing UK taxpayers over £1 billion a year.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDespite the perception that littering is bad, the UK’s litter rates continue to rise. Littering fines in England recently increased from £150 to £500, while campaign groups such as Keep Britain Tidy regularly launch anti-littering communication drives and have organised clean-up initiatives for 70 years.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis dichotomy inspired my PhD. Since the 1970’s, academic research has tried to quantify the effectiveness of anti-littering techniques. But this approach misses a vital step in the scientific process – to understand exactly how litter is created before intervening.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn my research, I have taken a step back from what experts think they know about this behaviour to observe littering in action. I have spent six years watching and documenting the way people dispose of their waste in London, Brighton, Manchester and Birmingham. I have discovered that not all litter is intentionally littered.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELitter is typically defined as being scattered about by people flagrantly throwing rubbish on the ground. But if a bin cannot be found, some people find creative ways to dispose of their rubbish, leaving it neatly on top of salt and grit bins, window ledges, garden bushes or bin bags awaiting collection.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECigarette butts – the most littered item in the world – are often disposed of by flicking away as part of the smoking ritual. Aside from that, almost half of the non-cigarette littering I witnessed seemed “polite” – instead of intentionally throwing items on the ground, people would place their rubbish neatly on or around bins or bin-like structures.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EI regularly observed people seeking out a bin to throw away an empty drinks can, while immediately littering their cigarette. So while people may understand the need to avoid littering, there’s a fundamental disconnect – they won’t necessarily consider cigarette butts as litter, despite them containing toxic chemicals and plastic microfibres.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EImproving rubbish campaigns\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E\u003C\u002Fh3\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPolitely littered items can get knocked over by a strong gust of wind. Neat piles of waste might collapse when someone else adds another item to it. Often, this rubbish ends up on the ground alongside other litter, by which time, the original offender is well on their way, completely unaware that their actions have contributed to litter in the more conventional sense.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESo much of the litter in the streets is generated completely by accident. About a fifth of the littering I observed happened with the individual being completely unaware. Lightweight, low cost and small items such as hair ties, face masks and till receipts are regularly dropped accidentally when people are rummaging through their pockets or handbags.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOnce politely littered, rubbish can be further littered by animals too. Bags of rubbbish left next to full bins ready for collection can easily get ripped up and scattered by scavenging foxes at night. Cleaning staff then report having to pick up litter, managers read these reports and assume littering is the issue. But when litter is created this way, intent and outcome are wildly disconnected. In reality, larger bins with greater capacity and more regular cleaning schedules would improve the situation.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUnfortunately, when litter is created unintentionally, it still has the same detrimental effect on the environment, and it also makes it more likely other people will litter as well.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMany councils are increasingly removing bins to encourage people to take their rubbish home and hopefully reduce littering. This is not a reasonable expectation, especially in busy tourist areas where home may not be nearby or for people with leaky, messy rubbish they need to dispose of while out and about. Waste removal services need to be better matched to binning needs, particularly in highly littered areas and during peak times.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUltimately, the act of littering needs a re-brand. Campaigns would do well to stop assuming that litter equals littering. All forms of improper waste disposal, including well-intentioned polite littering and accidental contributions, must be linked to the litter problem.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Society","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3376166e-dba4-4824-9278-b4b710cddf81","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Ftheconversation.com\u002Fpolite-littering-is-a-rubbish-problem-heres-why-the-british-approach-to-tackling-clean-ups-is-not-working-225187"},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"COMMENT: 'Polite littering' is a rubbish problem - here's why the British approach to tackling clean ups is not working"},{"summary":"A survey commissioned by King’s College London, and carried out by YouGov, has found that 65% of people across the UK are worried about access to palliative and end of life care, and 41% think there is too little NHS resource allocated to palliative care.","entryThumbnail":null,"image":{"altText":"Two older people sit in a garden conversing, both wearing blue surgical face masks.","transformations":null,"caption":"","asset":{"entryTitle":"By In-Press Photography for Centre for Ageing Better","entryDescription":null,"sys":{"id":"08258de2-a567-48ee-985b-d991868cb6a0","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"image","dataFormat":"asset","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fnmpc\u002Fthumbnail\u002Fby-in-press-photography-for-centre-for-ageing-better.x49feda5f.png"}}},"regions":[],"topics":[{"entryTitle":"Palliative care","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"095573c9-9b97-4e0e-a422-57ccd5b988f1","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Nursing","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"8b4e37bd-a154-441f-bc5f-8863c9ad7823","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"topics","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"orgUnit":[{"entryTitle":"Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation","entryDescription":"cicelysaunders","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"0b773465-dc29-42fd-b481-36cd52ca920d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care","entryDescription":"nmpc","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"979b7ae8-89a5-41bf-8c09-73bc3dd845e7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"orgUnit","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"publishDate":"2024-04-29T08:00:00","searchOptions":{"includeInKCLSiteSearch":true,"includeInSitemap":true,"includeInKCLSiteListings":true},"entryDescription":"A survey commissioned by King’s College London, and carried out by YouGov, has found that 65% of people across the UK are worried about access to palliative and end of life care, and 41% think there is too little NHS resource allocated to palliative care.","relatedEvent":null,"sys":{"owner":"k2365163","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"news","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k2365163","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k2365163","created":"2024-04-29T12:59:18.2136011Z","versionNo":"2.0","modified":"2024-04-29T13:25:18.2349625Z","modifiedBy":"k2365163","published":"2024-04-29T13:25:25.9464809Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"ef7969cd-d55d-48f5-bbc1-80f5f35711d8","projectId":"website","slug":"65-of-adults-are-worried-about-access-to-palliative-care","properties":{}},"title":"65% of adults are worried about access to palliative care","relatedLinks":[],"relatedCourses":[],"intranet":false,"relatedPeople":[{"entryTitle":"Katherine E Sleeman","entryDescription":"Laing Galazka Chair in Palliative Care, Honorary Consultant in Palliative Medicine","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"1b39a5e1-e799-4d68-8f3b-ac1894b38b5e","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Sabrina Bajwah","entryDescription":"Clinical Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant in Palliative Care","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b1960039-ccbb-4560-961b-fe10967c27b1","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"person","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"authorByline":null,"articleContent":[{"type":"markup","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe survey of 2,164 adults across the UK was commissioned by the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care at King’s to explore people’s knowledge and experiences of palliative and end of life care. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe data is released ahead of today’s debate by Parliamentarians on assisted dying.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFindings from the survey conducted in January 2024 show that nearly a quarter of people (24%) across the UK say they don’t know much about or have not heard of palliative care, with disparities in knowledge between White and ethnic minority groups. \u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe survey found that 22% of people from ethnic minority groups say they have not heard of palliative care (compared to 4% of White people), and that 18% of people from ethnic minority groups believe it is accurate that palliative care involves giving people medicines in order to shorten their lives (compared to 5% of White people). As MPs prepare to debate the topic of assisted dying, which is when someone terminally ill is prescribed life-ending drugs, experts say there is an urgent need to improve death literacy and understanding about palliative care among the public.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the survey almost a third of people from ethnic minority groups (30%) said they do not trust healthcare professionals very much or at all to provide high quality care towards the end of life (compared to 17% of White people).\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProfessor Katherine Sleeman, from the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care at King’s College London, said: 'The fact that 65% of UK adults say they are worried about access to palliative and end of life care should be a wake-up call for current and future governments. This is especially important given the large increase in palliative care need that is projected over the next decade.\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E'The shocking gap in the public’s understanding of palliative and end of life care also needs to be addressed as the assisted dying debate gathers pace. It is highly concerning that many people believe that palliative care involves giving patients medicines in order to shorten their lives. Over 100,000 people in the UK die each year needing palliative care but do not receive it, and inequalities in accessing care, including among people from ethnic minority groups, are common. It is essential that we address the disparities that create additional barriers for people to access the care that they need. This includes an urgent need to improve death literacy among the public.'\u003C\u002Fp\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDr Sabrina Bajwah, Clinical Senior Lecturer from the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care at King’s College London said, 'We already know that ethnic minority patients are more likely to experience distress at the end of life. It is concerning to note that nearly one-third of respondents from ethnic minority groups lack trust in healthcare professionals' ability to deliver high-quality end-of-life care. With our population becoming increasingly diverse, it is imperative that we promptly address this inequality by enhancing palliative care and end-of-life services to effectively cater to the unique needs of these patients and their families.'\u003C\u002Fp\u003E"}],"categories":[{"entryTitle":"Health","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"505c6ef3-27ad-49ad-ab3b-31289188963a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"categories","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"conversationNews":{"storyUrl":null},"doNot":false,"entryTitle":"65% of adults are worried about access to palliative care"}],"thumbnailImage":{"altText":"Strand Campus, King's College London. Main staircase, Old entrance, King's Building.","transformations":"crop=780,440,0,5","caption":"","asset":{"thumbnail":null,"keywords":null,"altText":"Strand Campus, King's College London. Main staircase, Old entrance, King's Building.","entryDescription":null,"description":null,"sys":{"owner":"k1801664","metadata":{"includeInAToZ":false,"copyrightDetails":"","includeInSearch":false,"includeInSiteMap":false,"includeInMenu":false,"originalUrl":"","nodeId":"bbd76faf-8a43-4f33-8d01-66d7a4960a95"},"dataFormat":"asset","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"image","language":"en-GB","uri":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fah\u002Fstrand-0066.x7700793f.jpg?crop=780,440,0,5","version":{"publishedBy":"ServicesUser","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"ServicesUser","created":"2020-11-20T10:23:00.7329046Z","versionNo":"2.0","modified":"2021-10-21T12:21:10.7593935Z","modifiedBy":"ServicesUser","published":"2021-10-21T12:21:10.853158Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"bbd76faf-8a43-4f33-8d01-66d7a4960a95","projectId":"website","slug":null,"properties":{"filename":"strand-0066.jpg","fileSize":579638,"filePath":"\u002Fnewimages\u002Fah\u002F","width":780,"fileId":"bbd76faf-8a43-4f33-8d01-66d7a4960a95","height":450}},"title":"Strand 0066","entryTitle":"Strand 0066"}},"entryTitle":"Featured news"},"error":undefined,"isError":false,"isLoading":false,"location":{"pathname":"\u002Fnews","search":"","hash":"","state":undefined},"mappedEntry":null,"notFound":false,"staticRoute":{"route":{"component":null}},"statusCode":200,"allowedGroups":{"0":-1},"surrogateKeys":["bSmjbA","8Sn\u002Fww","kcq+5w","oy68iw","l8dl9g","TTG\u002FQg","D9NKlA","JTOpFg","A+jedA","IPMKxQ","cU51Sg","kOIa3A","ea4nEg","7uNtPg","t+B22w","qi94qA","0UX0hg","GKUvHA","hGodjA","6TbU\u002FQ","LvYAEg","B0NJ9Q","NBDyKA","GGaCXw","Kd+0Xg","hYVWIw","nRxH8A","BtrkxQ","FWtkKA","nAFTJg","9VNr5w","Ys1mSA","R9yHRA","qrgsPQ","u37oKw","OgZrPA","5Rz6uA","Uk84Zg","ERbQMA","ZBqedQ","lb7CCw","csbPDg","5QSauQ","djmqxg","GROGiQ","5xfRjg","Mrk1Nw","h+iH+Q","V3ZxAA","4SFWlg","\u002FrHjZw","7mM4VA","GLDwzA","ibmjNA","P1IBJA","jP5bKw","\u002FhhFhQ","mwzn7g","I7NxAA","68nanA","I53FTg","FfhEkw","q+O9Eg","CeNnLg","B9YagA","q1xAwQ","\u002FsPeKQ","qYTQLg","U8pTMg","xGoDoQ","ofD1Qw","fYNezg","MEWmEA"]},"user":{"authenticationState":{"clientCredentials":null,"errorMessage":null,"isAuthenticated":false,"isAuthenticationError":false,"isError":false,"isLoading":false},"passwordResetRequest":{"isSending":false,"sent":false,"error":null},"resetPassword":{"isSending":false,"sent":false,"error":null},"changePassword":{"isSending":false,"sent":false,"error":null},"groups":[]},"version":{"commitRef":"7b84925a4839caf0baba0d619fa4ad23f529ab8c","buildNo":"243010","contensisVersionStatus":"published"},"course":{"altUkEntryQuals":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false},"countries":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false,"loading":false},"englishLanguageQuals":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false},"internationalBaccalaureate":{},"internationalBaccalaureateEntry":{"entry":{},"isError":false,"isReady":false}},"promoCards":{"promoEntry":{"item":null,"isError":false,"isReady":false},"eventEntry":{"item":null,"isError":false,"isReady":false},"topics":[]},"relatedCourses":{"relatedCourses":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false},"studyAbroadCourses":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false},"studyAbroadPGCourses":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false},"relatedPGCourses":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false},"topics":{}},"relatedPathways":{"relatedPathways":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isReady":false}},"listing":{"type":"","items":[],"filters":[],"pagingInfo":{},"loading":false,"isError":false,"isLoaded":false,"filtersLoaded":false,"filtersError":false,"error":null},"search":{"entries":{"pageIndex":0,"pageCount":0,"totalCount":0,"pageSize":0,"items":[]},"loadingEntries":false,"search":{"term":""},"filters":{"courses":{"level":{"key":"courseLevel","name":"Level","isArrayField":true,"hasChildren":true,"children":[{"contentTypeId":"postgraduateResearchDegree","key":"postgraduateResearch","name":"Postgraduate research","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"postgraduate-research"},{"contentTypeId":"postgraduateCourse","key":"postgraduate","name":"Postgraduate taught","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"postgraduate-taught"},{"contentTypeId":"undergraduateCourse","key":"undergraduate","name":"Undergraduate","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"undergraduate"},{"contentTypeId":"shortCourse","key":"shortCourse","name":"Short courses","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"shortCourse"}]}},"research":{"Area":{"key":"area","name":"Area","isArrayField":true,"hasChildren":true,"children":[{"contentTypeId":"postgraduateResearchDegree","key":"postgraduateResearchDegree","name":"Research degrees\u002FPhDs","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"postgraduateResearchDegree"},{"contentTypeId":"researchProfile","key":"researchProfile","name":"Research profile","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"research-profile"},{"contentTypeId":"researchProject","key":"researchProject","name":"Research project","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"research-project"},{"contentTypeId":"researchCentre","key":"researchCentre","name":"Research centre","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"research-centre"},{"contentTypeId":"facility","key":"facility","name":"Research facility","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"research-facility"},{"contentTypeId":"researchCapability","key":"researchCapability","name":"Research capability","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"research-capability"},{"contentTypeId":"equipment","key":"equipment","name":"Research equipment","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"research-equipment"},{"contentTypeId":"spotlight","key":"spotlight","name":"Research news","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"research-news"}]}},"news":{"level":{"key":"all","name":"Story type","isArrayField":true,"hasChildren":true,"children":[{"contentTypeId":"news","key":"news","name":"News","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"news"},{"contentTypeId":"spotlight","key":"spotlight","name":"Spotlight","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"spotlight"},{"contentTypeId":"feature","key":"feature","name":"Feature","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"feature"},{"contentTypeId":"studentHubArticle","key":"studentHubArticle","name":"Student news","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"studentHubArticle"}]}},"ps":{"level":{"key":"all","name":"Quick filter","isArrayField":true,"hasChildren":true,"children":[{"contentTypeId":"departmentPage","key":"departmentPage","name":"Department","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"departmentPage"},{"contentTypeId":"services","key":"services","name":"Services","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"services"},{"contentTypeId":"jobVacancy","key":"jobVacancy","name":"Job vacancy","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"jobVacancy"},{"contentTypeId":"policy","key":"Policy","name":"University policy","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"policy"},{"contentTypeId":"academicManualChapter","key":"academicManualChapter","name":"Academic manual","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"academicManualChapter"},{"contentTypeId":"room","key":"room","name":"King's Venue room","hasChildren":false,"children":[],"id":"room"}]}},"all":{},"favicon.ico":{}},"quickSearch":{},"promotedEntries":{"pageIndex":0,"pageCount":0,"totalCount":0,"pageSize":0,"items":[]},"showTabList":false},"site":{"config":{"navigation":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Undergraduate guide","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"68dba864-aea0-4561-8099-76173482ef89","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Open days","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"a5f94e55-63cf-4900-9205-f14c44585b52","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"How to apply","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"ebdc4163-6c88-4047-8ba0-7220aa28ddb9","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chat to students and staff","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"31c08c1c-7cd6-4883-b7c4-7d7ed79a8d20","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"5338dc13-9c08-4ceb-a491-e1c66e22a1e9","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Subject areas","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fsubject-areas"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Undergraduate guide","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"68dba864-aea0-4561-8099-76173482ef89","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Open days","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"cfcf584b-c9b1-439c-b262-5013d6375541","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"How to apply","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"ebdc4163-6c88-4047-8ba0-7220aa28ddb9","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chat to students and staff","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"31c08c1c-7cd6-4883-b7c4-7d7ed79a8d20","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Undergraduate courses A-Z","entryDescription":"King's College London Undergraduate courses A to Z","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"613a0691-fff6-457a-ae8b-47435cd0dbee","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"listingPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fcourses"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"9edcb54c-56c9-49fe-8dc2-bee671efeb87","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Courses A-Z","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fcourses"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Entry requirements","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"92cd785b-6210-4aa2-8ba4-eced9d1cf5d2","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"English language requirements","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"aa5a3494-4bb9-4ce7-b8e0-1c56db74b58c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Policies and guidance","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"6ec9c2bb-12da-4cb1-8c3d-16d7f1352f88","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Transferring to King's","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"ad4045ef-9116-401f-af19-276030ba763f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"How to apply: Undergraduate courses","entryDescription":"We're delighted that you're considering applying to King's. Once you've checked the information and entry requirements for your chosen course, you will need to follow the correct application procedure, depending on the type of study you're interested in.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"fef5a4cc-0e38-45d6-8669-c03a1fa66923","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fhow-to-apply"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"ebdc4163-6c88-4047-8ba0-7220aa28ddb9","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"How to apply","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fhow-to-apply"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Tuition fees","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3c941920-8d8c-49aa-a1e1-f2ce66c3116d","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Student funding","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"8ed5e95f-5800-4c49-a45b-6536b7de33cd","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Loans and grants","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4e3664bf-6aa2-40f5-a9ab-3726a2b145bf","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Contact us","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"b71ed5a3-1625-42ce-9682-ebc685028132","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Undergraduate fees and funding","entryDescription":"Information about undergraduate fees and funding including tuition fees, student loans and grants, and other financial help at King's College London. \n","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"17c8addf-d090-44af-b145-9bdb630f1a43","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Ffees-and-funding"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"60620365-5432-47ed-b8b2-900a1bdec9d5","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Fees & Funding","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Ffees-and-funding"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"b1944369-9f3e-4c56-bba8-e265ee274639","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"International","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Finternational"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"7e3e3338-40a4-4039-8ff4-e1ab11b86b12","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Accommodation","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Faccommodation"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Campus tours","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"2dc4be73-8001-47f8-a220-fb543e93dbe6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"King's student union","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c291018e-6646-4883-964f-b08465a410bc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"King's sport","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"53c1149d-98f1-4dfa-8312-14a528bc5c89","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chat to students and staff","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"31c08c1c-7cd6-4883-b7c4-7d7ed79a8d20","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Student experience","entryDescription":"Discover the range of opportunities you can get involved in at King's.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"09eb2518-45e7-4fca-a219-0d7ce1b08695","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fstudent-experience"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"1a6fcc4e-a1a5-476f-9d13-eda073f9d3e6","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student experience","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fstudent-experience"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Campus tours","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"2dc4be73-8001-47f8-a220-fb543e93dbe6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Taster sessions","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"9ab84cc0-ae5f-47b6-aef7-c2939e4a1b6a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chat to students and staff","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"31c08c1c-7cd6-4883-b7c4-7d7ed79a8d20","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"5ba64329-2265-4009-a00e-bd86b8295ac8","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Open days","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fevents\u002Fopen-days"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"How clearing works","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bd8bfd0a-effa-4731-9b72-fd40a628177a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"How to apply","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"04994912-886e-434a-a993-68ffe2062034","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Confirmation","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"0a9e87fb-8a55-4e5d-a31d-54c83cc587ba","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Release me","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c2cf1e50-b654-449b-ad2f-c48e17bab5d4","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":true,"page":{"entryTitle":"Clearing","entryDescription":"Clearing at King's College London.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"54bdb6b3-1669-41d8-ae49-7dd5c3e5801c","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fclearing\u002Fhome"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"2e879099-91ec-486c-9900-1cf874520a14","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Clearing","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate\u002Fclearing"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"03bb9b6a-002d-40be-beaa-7d0a5bdd6ea7","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Contact us","url":"\u002Fstudy-at-kings\u002Fcontact"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"4ba4e6e6-728f-4a39-83ef-7af83fe6f3d5","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Undergraduate"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"4fc258fd-fb49-4700-867d-60f8d27ed13d","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Undergraduate","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Postgraduate guide","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c2682a99-238c-4265-b3f7-d7f06a1f84e7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Postgraduate events","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"6f21a077-a276-444e-8035-e383eddb82e6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"How to apply","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"eb596238-f5bf-404b-a755-5ed0fb5f0241","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chat to students and staff","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"31c08c1c-7cd6-4883-b7c4-7d7ed79a8d20","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"bb5b6d23-2ca6-416a-94a0-d871bd87c22f","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Subject areas","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught\u002Fsubject-areas"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Postgraduate guide","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c2682a99-238c-4265-b3f7-d7f06a1f84e7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Postgraduate events","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"6f21a077-a276-444e-8035-e383eddb82e6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"How to apply","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"eb596238-f5bf-404b-a755-5ed0fb5f0241","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chat to students and staff","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"31c08c1c-7cd6-4883-b7c4-7d7ed79a8d20","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"4b5ac49f-70f2-4bc1-b031-a374ee89bfb0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Courses A-Z","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught\u002Fcourses"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Entry requirements","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"8d37a4bb-f8c8-46f3-8baa-ea8d287f9a95","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"English language requirements","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"1c0891f5-1347-4b7c-a884-c67ef5d85953","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Policies and guidance","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"46a37d1c-330f-4ec8-ae3c-fe94ee08f805","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"eb596238-f5bf-404b-a755-5ed0fb5f0241","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"How to apply","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught\u002Fhow-to-apply"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Tuition fees","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c9c6a750-7efc-4031-8c99-e584e0e9dc03","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Student funding","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e9d61a75-a5e3-4f5a-a6b9-302d7c745173","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Contact us","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"03bb9b6a-002d-40be-beaa-7d0a5bdd6ea7","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"32642712-a960-49cf-9cdf-8ce22718f042","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Fees & Funding","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught\u002Ffees-and-funding"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"b1944369-9f3e-4c56-bba8-e265ee274639","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"International","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Finternational"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"d0e7e84f-9943-4839-8c3d-e4ae195d731e","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Accommodation","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Faccommodation"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Campus tours","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"2dc4be73-8001-47f8-a220-fb543e93dbe6","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"King's student union","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"c291018e-6646-4883-964f-b08465a410bc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"King's sport","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"53c1149d-98f1-4dfa-8312-14a528bc5c89","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Chat to students and staff","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"31c08c1c-7cd6-4883-b7c4-7d7ed79a8d20","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Student experience","entryDescription":"Discover the range of opportunities you can get involved in at King's.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"09eb2518-45e7-4fca-a219-0d7ce1b08695","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fstudent-experience"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"1a6fcc4e-a1a5-476f-9d13-eda073f9d3e6","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student experience","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fstudent-experience"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"6f21a077-a276-444e-8035-e383eddb82e6","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Postgraduate events","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught\u002Fevents "},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"03bb9b6a-002d-40be-beaa-7d0a5bdd6ea7","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Contact us","url":"\u002Fstudy-at-kings\u002Fcontact"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"f2a4b17e-eaef-4875-9f78-8280d843fd39","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Postgraduate taught"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"66762abc-e88a-4e66-a352-e5885a28f31d","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Postgraduate taught","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"d122d8f5-5f4e-4279-87a7-0e8d8ce219ff","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-research","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Postgraduate research"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"e396a08b-1cd7-4723-bfef-f99b5470b67b","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Postgraduate Research","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-research"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"43160369-f700-4a08-8566-51c0dededf88","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"International","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Finternational"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"2977e6d4-b0a1-48f7-9c24-79488507ff94","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Study Abroad","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fstudy-legacy\u002Fabroad"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"9dd660d7-e506-4984-9900-62ffb3195567","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"International Foundation","url":"\u002Finternational-foundation"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"f630048b-479c-4654-b282-09389dd175a6","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Language Centre","url":"\u002Flanguage-centre"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"3b0c8bdc-871e-45ab-993d-3ef37513d83e","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Short courses","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fprospectus\u002Fshortcourses\u002F"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"f52a2204-79a6-4fec-8cde-09fdb772aa36","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Executive Education","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fstudy-legacy\u002Fexecutive-education\u002Fkings-professional-and-executive-development"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"84e2c81e-97b1-423c-a202-bd530d5b0cfb","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsummer\u002Fsummer-at-kings","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Summer and Winter Programmes","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fsummer"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"d0e7e84f-9943-4839-8c3d-e4ae195d731e","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Accommodation","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Faccommodation"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Starting your studies at King's","entryDescription":"Key information to help you prepare for studying at university. ","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"eb08a575-31e8-4ecc-a75a-16949c68179a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fnew-students\u002Fstarting-your-studies-at-kings"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"23a059be-3395-483f-bd1a-42708c404c4d","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Starting your studies at King’s","url":"\u002Fnew-students\u002Fstarting-your-studies-at-kings"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"931e474d-7153-464f-99e3-6c61fec7f126","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Study","url":"\u002Fstudy"}],"hideFromNavigation":true,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"09eb2518-45e7-4fca-a219-0d7ce1b08695","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fstudent-experience","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student experience"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"ea0bd395-2ddb-41a2-868b-8589b41ea194","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student Experience","url":" \u002Fstudent-experience"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"6ccc631c-47dd-4d3e-9377-1735c7edadaf","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Projects for students","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility\u002Fprojects"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Student Supporters","entryDescription":"King's Social Mobility & Widening Participation or partners activities for adult supporters of children attending non-selective state schools, including parents, carers, guardians, teachers, and social workers.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"bcf93267-298b-45c4-b967-36889210bc8b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility\u002Fstudent-supporters"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"981a5508-f465-4ab4-bb9b-caa8e5408651","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student supporters","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility\u002Fstudent-supporters"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Who we work with","entryDescription":"Who the Widening Participation team work with.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"7ffc21b9-d5e4-4972-8fd8-24575f2aa8ab","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility\u002Fwho-we-work-with"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"8584ce49-712b-4654-85f6-8fe0e673f357","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Who we work with","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility\u002Fwho-we-work-with"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Meet the Social Mobility teams","entryDescription":"Meet the teams within the Social Mobility Department.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"5af0cc99-be68-4259-8d05-157efd0ad735","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility\u002Fmeet-the-teams"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"128a62cc-1b57-47ec-a474-96ca65921165","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Contact us","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility\u002Fmeet-the-teams"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"e2873391-aebc-4090-98f1-09e724694976","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Social Mobility at King's"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"7fd46955-991b-41fd-b06a-b850cc1ca52b","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Social Mobility","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fsocial-mobility"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"da421a64-8f89-4637-9b9a-d02c0ca77577","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Visit King's","url":"\u002Fvisit"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"53b55f5d-b28b-4655-b8db-a5b5c81d5fe5","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fhome","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Study"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"bfbe9934-616e-421f-a7f4-63d386c4784a","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Study","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fhome"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"0d823ad3-9456-4370-89b8-3d6635e94cf4","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Academic Calendar","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fself-service.kcl.ac.uk\u002Farticle\u002FKA-01913\u002Fen-us"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"5c4672b2-9b75-4643-86c1-29f8053fe613","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King’s Sport","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fkcl.ac.uk\u002Fsport"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"1df2b71c-bf7c-4c69-95b0-e8666815390b","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Libraries & Collections","url":"\u002Flibrary"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"30be4b0a-a80f-4b70-8032-f563bc44eee0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student's Union","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kclsu.org"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"5d8ec0b8-bde8-49e0-b850-3b623b9faaf1","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Careers","url":"\u002Fcareers"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"f630048b-479c-4654-b282-09389dd175a6","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Language Centre","url":"\u002Flanguage-centre"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"d67dc44b-12f8-463e-8ea8-727b00ddecbe","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King’s IT","url":"\u002Fit"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"cad3f4e4-c0f0-4302-a8b1-e3c8c6c708fa","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student Services Online","url":"\u002Fstudy-at-kings\u002Fstudent-services"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","language":"en-GB","id":"ade37fdf-0367-45ed-9077-c4fe1357c743","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Mental health and wellbeing at King’s"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"3c518bf4-5630-4c9d-b122-d57992c71225","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Mental health and wellbeing","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fsmhw"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"c5aecc35-e013-47dd-99a1-5a82a9add945","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student services","url":"\u002Fstudy-at-kings\u002Fstudent-services"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"b7ba7108-f1eb-4490-af1b-23def95c63cc","uri":"\u002Fcampuslife","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student Services","url":null},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Sustainable research and innovation excellence","entryDescription":"Our vision is to deliver research to inform and innovate","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"f4ed1a89-328c-4311-946f-ec087f4b020b","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore\u002Fresearch-strategy"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"fd06e657-81dc-4bf1-a5bd-4d241145681e","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research strategy","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore\u002Fresearch-strategy"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"King’s Research Portal","entryDescription":"The King’s Research Portal showcases the breadth and diversity of King’s research, from researcher biographies and research group profiles to funding details and research outputs such as published books and peer-reviewed journal articles. The data for the Portal is drawn from Pure, our Research Information System","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"cf6e83e0-e10b-4dea-a1aa-8ac5557c1bdc","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore\u002Fkings-research-portal"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"0e88828a-4f34-42df-be6e-900ed91c3881","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King’s Research Portal","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore\u002Fkings-research-portal"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":true,"page":{"entryTitle":"Research Centres","entryDescription":"King's Research Centres","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"86768b81-e385-4fb4-a8f1-70fc32641b2f","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"listingPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore\u002Fresearch-centres"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"356d5b76-5e0f-4d57-aa80-3f0b0954955d","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research centres","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore\u002Fresearch-centres"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Multidisciplinary research at King’s","entryDescription":"Research across King's ","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"3d5b4481-d802-4b6d-baf8-d535413a128a","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fmultidisciplinary"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"67799a7e-693e-4796-a8f1-405f88d80569","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Multidisciplinary research","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fresearch\u002Fmultidisciplinary"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"d517d802-c9d9-4501-9a63-b98879fe141d","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Explore Research"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"37d59858-e0d8-49eb-b99b-6eefd8695ff2","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Explore","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fexplore"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"0096da11-76ab-4de0-8173-d3a926705eb4","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Impact","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fimpact"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Research Environment","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"0d741d5f-9634-4b1b-97e5-cae73a444385","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Research culture","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"53262d40-4803-4d06-8d51-5ff6af096594","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Governance, Ethics & Integrity","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"9654241c-0e94-415c-ae40-deda257d4691","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Policy","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"e92de14e-e679-47f7-91db-89834fe96f34","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Professional development","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"81154551-737d-4d26-89ca-6c4d2beb9c59","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Developing proposals","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"0dc947c7-378e-4518-a9df-280d616caccd","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Managing research","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"9f0d14d9-2d80-4bb6-a5b8-f059b7d6d6f8","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Research Environment","entryDescription":"World-class research support services","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"45aa226e-d685-4f8b-b2c4-f723232ac729","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"hubPage","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"0d741d5f-9634-4b1b-97e5-cae73a444385","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research Environment","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Research culture","entryDescription":"Empowering our research community","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"69004296-e7b8-4ea9-aa1a-063fcd9029d1","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-culture"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"53262d40-4803-4d06-8d51-5ff6af096594","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research culture","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-culture"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"9654241c-0e94-415c-ae40-deda257d4691","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Governance, Ethics & Integrity","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment\u002Frgei"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"e92de14e-e679-47f7-91db-89834fe96f34","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Policy","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment\u002Fpolicy-governance"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"81154551-737d-4d26-89ca-6c4d2beb9c59","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Professional development","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment\u002Fprofessional-development"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"0dc947c7-378e-4518-a9df-280d616caccd","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Developing proposals","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment\u002Fdeveloping-research-proposals"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"9f0d14d9-2d80-4bb6-a5b8-f059b7d6d6f8","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Managing research","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment\u002Fmanaging-kings-research"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"45aa226e-d685-4f8b-b2c4-f723232ac729","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research Environment"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"0d741d5f-9634-4b1b-97e5-cae73a444385","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research Environment","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fresearch-environment"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Applying for funding","entryDescription":"King's College London provides a complete Pre and Post Award support service to all researchers applying for research funding or negotiating contract-funded research.","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"add89634-a985-4f58-822d-05680462c904","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fapplications"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"ee9a7f42-17fa-4a93-acbd-b577c8e39ee9","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Applying","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fapplications"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"d068e283-2d45-40e5-80da-a14270e219f3","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Doctoral opportunities","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fdoctoral-opportunities-funding"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"6118f6f0-7065-4009-81ce-5fa471fab040","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Training & partnerships","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fdoctoral-training-centres-partnerships"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"87c96326-bde9-4c2e-9ef1-5e4c209d57cc","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Studentships","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fastar-phd-studentships"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"22142970-1c56-4e45-be88-2a019842dc79","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Fellowships","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Ffellowships-for-early-career-researchers"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"c013a0f8-3445-4770-9b00-711b29804a2a","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Vacation scholarships","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fvacation-scholarships-across-kings-college-london"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"09e03cc2-028b-41e4-8684-6ef6ce51bb73","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Wellcome Trust scholarships","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fwellcome-trust-biomedical-vacation-scholarships"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"0424c74d-1cda-4f3d-bfd9-25074d570e91","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Seed funding","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding\u002Fseedfund"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"b41b99fe-9c45-44bb-9e6c-ee96a4766806","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research funding opportunities"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"1eadffdc-6ce6-48c7-9052-acfc876c4d49","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Funding","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffunding"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"03031b0c-8842-4424-8be8-8a1938bb1c41","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffacilities","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research facilities"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"97a3ea40-2b6e-4d21-8916-557d659a4078","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Facilities","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Ffacilities"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"39afd336-097f-4dda-973e-935cb5478d5e","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Collaborate with King's","url":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fwork-with-kings"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"f2dd579b-7320-4370-b7a9-7eb689328bd4","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King's Health Partners","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kingshealthpartners.org\u002F"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"8438fcde-526a-4160-9865-d6c753b37e60","uri":"\u002Fresearch\u002Fhome","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King's Research homepage"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"36fd05c8-4c24-42e2-abcf-5125fd505e2d","uri":"\u002Fresearch","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Research & Innovation","url":null},{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"70614eb1-d6a9-4223-92ec-aeca1eb60fa7","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Arts & Humanities","url":"\u002Fartshums"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"b2319d18-18a7-45bd-b952-2e8c17a7feac","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Law","url":"\u002Flaw"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"02ec5182-a098-4cd8-a66d-e7a82612c0d0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care","url":"\u002Fnmpc"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"1b97ad52-9d66-44da-abcd-c3ae8eef20b8","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Business","url":"\u002Fbusiness"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"83635a51-f9be-4f6e-8aad-c8b39cbb0934","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Life Sciences & Medicine","url":"\u002Flsm"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"3040ae4b-0ae3-462b-a337-3d3853cc31e8","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience","url":"\u002Fioppn"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"113433bf-397a-4988-86e8-e4e49510e310","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences","url":"\u002Fnmes"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"c2f07068-3940-46f8-80bd-074a1c875500","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences","url":"\u002Fdentistry"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"09c41a38-68c1-4508-a568-6108849a8f44","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Social Sciences & Public Policy","url":"\u002Fsspp"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"65fa36c4-354c-43ac-8cf0-7f24331ce7fe","uri":"\u002Ffaculties-departments","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Our faculties","url":"\u002Ffaculties-departments"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"afbc605b-4e49-4d9d-a337-fedb29aeccbe","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"History","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fhistory"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"a1f37c8b-807a-428f-9872-d557af504f27","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Learning & teaching","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fstrategy\u002Flearning-and-teaching"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"entryTitle":"Teaching Excellence Framework","entryDescription":"The Teaching Excellence & Student Outcomes Framework (TEF).","entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"09fb45cd-7323-4192-9e95-056cb78c3c39","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","dataFormat":"entry","uri":"\u002Fabout\u002Fstrategy\u002Flearning-and-teaching\u002Ftef"}},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"c3f6b67a-3e30-45c7-80f6-06d3376478e7","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Teaching Excellence Framework","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fstrategy\u002Flearning-and-teaching\u002Ftef"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"22074767-71e5-44cb-8527-2d4e8ef06eb0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Strategy","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fstrategy"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"483097d2-4373-43ba-8883-7e53f1c276e2","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Learning & Teaching","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fstrategy\u002Flearning-and-teaching"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"ef94651c-3595-418f-b140-820889bef040","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"People","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fkcl.ac.uk\u002Fabout\u002Four-people"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"975cff3c-46c1-40a7-9b2f-a8da7a81b558","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Work at King's","url":"\u002Fjobs"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"entryTitle":"Partnerships","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"4ef0b1df-8633-4378-8ec1-6b11fa1132f0","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}},{"entryTitle":"Local partnerships","entryDescription":null,"entryThumbnail":null,"sys":{"id":"838ce7cb-b36c-4e94-a4b1-a7130fc7ca33","language":"en-GB","contentTypeId":"externalLink","dataFormat":"entry","uri":null}}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"4ef0b1df-8633-4378-8ec1-6b11fa1132f0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Partnerships","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fpartnerships"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"838ce7cb-b36c-4e94-a4b1-a7130fc7ca33","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Local partnerships","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fpartnerships\u002Flocal"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"4ef0b1df-8633-4378-8ec1-6b11fa1132f0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Partnerships","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fpartnerships"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"d39bb79b-8e90-43f1-a204-a73f6f0bceba","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Governance, policies & procedures","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fgovernance-policies-and-procedures"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"d7979ac7-ddf4-4f76-aa8e-e0654dd4a2e5","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Professional & Support Services","url":"\u002Fprofessional-services"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"1468fb8b-2386-48a2-acab-121ab8cf8f4c","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Diversity & Inclusion","url":"\u002Fabout\u002Fgovernance-policies-and-procedures\u002Fdiversity-inclusivity"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"736a9f79-3786-4aaf-aeb1-4528172e6099","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Financial information","url":"\u002Faboutkings\u002Fgovernance-policies-and-procedures\u002Ffinancial-information"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"8c34bb70-6541-4cce-ad81-1f5f88eb1743","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Internationalisation","url":"\u002Finternationalisation"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"f1efa937-f606-4ee8-887f-93b645e09aa5","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King's Venues","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Fkingsvenues"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"9cde7764-7c42-441d-babb-270b82e2b077","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"About","url":"\u002Fabout"},{"childNavigationItems":[{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"eb08a575-31e8-4ecc-a75a-16949c68179a","uri":"\u002Fnew-students\u002Fstarting-your-studies-at-kings","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Starting your studies at King's"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"23a059be-3395-483f-bd1a-42708c404c4d","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Starting your studies at King’s","url":"\u002Fnew-students\u002Fstarting-your-studies-at-kings"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"931e474d-7153-464f-99e3-6c61fec7f126","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Study","url":"\u002Fstudy"}],"hideFromNavigation":true,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"hubPage","language":"en-GB","id":"09eb2518-45e7-4fca-a219-0d7ce1b08695","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fstudent-experience","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student experience"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"ea0bd395-2ddb-41a2-868b-8589b41ea194","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student Experience","url":" \u002Fstudent-experience"}],"footerLinks":[{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"7289f7fe-4b9e-4c8d-ba91-81d8f5a6e560","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Degree courses","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fundergraduate"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"8b630c17-7c53-49c2-8bae-a66c280fbe96","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Postgraduate taught","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-taught"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"ca2e43cb-19e3-43a5-a3ba-48ee133474e1","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Postgraduate research","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Fpostgraduate-research"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"43160369-f700-4a08-8566-51c0dededf88","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"International","url":"\u002Fstudy\u002Finternational"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"ebd1e61c-8f48-4353-8151-1ce198335f7d","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Summer schools","url":"\u002Fsummer"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"7d402794-4e0e-4b27-9667-8a319c6b4a0f","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student experience","url":"\u002Fstudent-experience"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"a0565957-8958-4eb7-8985-766baf10fe46","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Study","url":null},{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"ed48e8e4-6a54-485e-a2b1-3e979bd7d1f2","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"New students","url":"\u002Fnew-students"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"fcbe21aa-8e0e-451e-ae43-de5ce7ff62e6","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Current students","url":"\u002Fstudents"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"7c69e307-519f-4a20-94dc-6428f1972775","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Staff","url":"https:\u002F\u002Finternal.kcl.ac.uk"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"0f092d22-3879-4f4d-a2cd-b8c7c6ff0391","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Alumni","url":"\u002Falumni"}],"hideFromNavigation":null,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"153492c2-3d80-4bb8-8834-dfc179486f83","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Information for","url":null},{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"c5aecc35-e013-47dd-99a1-5a82a9add945","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student services","url":"\u002Fstudy-at-kings\u002Fstudent-services"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"d0e7e84f-9943-4839-8c3d-e4ae195d731e","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Accommodation","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Faccommodation"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"81f3607c-755d-4b47-bf14-5141693f0888","uri":"\u002Fstudy\u002Flibrary-collections","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Libraries & Collections","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kcl.ac.uk\u002Flibrary"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"d67dc44b-12f8-463e-8ea8-727b00ddecbe","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King’s IT","url":"\u002Fit"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"0d823ad3-9456-4370-89b8-3d6635e94cf4","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Academic Calendar","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fself-service.kcl.ac.uk\u002Farticle\u002FKA-01913\u002Fen-us"}],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"d7ac1335-5448-459f-b58b-c25252694e0e","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Facilities","url":null},{"childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"18cf6c53-ffb1-4c7c-939e-a8b2917c0dc0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"News Centre","url":"\u002Fnews"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"5759aa66-2c47-498a-9f77-9d64b0839d17","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Events","url":"\u002Fevents"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"30be4b0a-a80f-4b70-8032-f563bc44eee0","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Student's Union","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.kclsu.org"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"da421a64-8f89-4637-9b9a-d02c0ca77577","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Visit King's","url":"\u002Fvisit"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"975cff3c-46c1-40a7-9b2f-a8da7a81b558","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Work at King's","url":"\u002Fjobs"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"bff7ff32-6361-4450-8aaa-7497a4fecdcc","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"King's community","url":"\u002Faboutkings"}],"hideFromNavigation":null,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"3a9b6949-46de-4e94-a434-c821f659d377","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Discover King's","url":null}],"globalPageTitle":"King's College London","footerBottomLinks":[{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","language":"en-GB","id":"7e0eeb30-58cd-43f3-ae7e-c8f2f2f873af","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Terms and Conditions of use"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"e9e8d4f0-30de-4630-8812-194512f78b6b","uri":"\u002Fterms","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Terms & conditions","url":"\u002Fterms"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"c7c79b71-db87-49be-b98a-0cafadc8bf25","uri":"\u002Fpolicyhub\u002Fmodern-slavery-act-transparency-statement","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Modern Slavery Act Transparency Statement","url":"\u002Fpolicyhub\u002Fmodern-slavery-act-transparency-statement"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","language":"en-GB","id":"a34be932-e409-4469-b7a4-1a9231e279f1","uri":"\u002Fsitehelp\u002Fsite-help2","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Site help"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"d61cf247-2b4d-4d83-a4c6-a86753a57139","uri":"\u002Fsitehelp","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Site help","url":"\u002Fsitehelp"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"contentPageGeneric","language":"en-GB","id":"adab75d9-b270-47dc-bc7f-06e8044def79","uri":"\u002Fsitehelp\u002Faccessibility","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Accessibility for King's web applications"},"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","id":"1a800c99-b7bb-49e9-9f57-1e0776e30b0f","uri":"\u002Fsitehelp\u002Faccessibility\u002Faccessibility","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Accessibility","url":"\u002Fsitehelp\u002Faccessibility"},{"hideFromNavigation":null,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"262e23b4-725c-4ed5-b284-f22b2012ed26","uri":"\u002Fsitemap","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Sitemap","url":"\u002Fsitemap"},{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","id":"49c622ca-79cf-4076-b6cb-a7f67864c72c","uri":"\u002Fsitehelp\u002Fcookie","versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Cookies","url":"\u002Fsitehelp\u002Fcookie"}],"multitieredSections":["study"],"sys":{"dataFormat":"entry","contentTypeId":"siteConfiguration","language":"en-GB","id":"1a086a24-32b1-4df8-9026-02005676420f","uri":null,"versionStatus":"published"},"entryTitle":"Global site configuration"},"isError":false,"isReady":true},"stepper":{"components":{}},"navEntries":{"isReady":true,"isError":false,"error":null,"colour":{"sys":{"owner":"k1075632","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryBasic","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"colours","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1466286","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1075632","created":"2019-12-12T15:15:16.0410012Z","versionNo":"3.0","modified":"2020-06-30T10:33:01.8373998Z","modifiedBy":"k1466286","published":"2020-06-30T10:33:03.1655108Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"97a0a73b-993e-4d21-9b32-9ab4c6946ea5","projectId":"website","slug":"slate-grey","properties":{}},"cssVariableName":"slateGrey","entryTitle":"Slate grey"},"item":{"entryTitle":"News Centre","childNavigationItems":[{"hideFromNavigation":false,"sys":{"owner":"k0960388","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryBasic","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"externalLink","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k0960388","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k0960388","created":"2023-04-21T15:03:07.6343823Z","versionNo":"1.0","modified":"2023-04-21T15:03:07.6343823Z","modifiedBy":"k0960388","published":"2023-04-21T15:03:09.9497943Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"40248735-a78a-4737-a63c-77954f1edaa3","projectId":"website","slug":"headlines","properties":{}},"entryTitle":"Headlines","url":"\u002Fnews"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"owner":"k0960388","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"listingPage","language":"en-GB","allUris":["\u002Fnews\u002Fkings-news","\u002Fnews\u002Fsearch"],"uri":"\u002Fnews\u002Fkings-news","version":{"publishedBy":"k2040458","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k0960388","created":"2022-12-05T12:18:59.2689194Z","versionNo":"1.0","modified":"2023-03-17T11:25:07.7258347Z","modifiedBy":"k0960388","published":"2023-05-11T12:42:53.1674607Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"58687119-26be-48bf-9a4e-6e4322d27c90","projectId":"website","slug":"news-6","properties":{}},"entryTitle":"News"},"sys":{"owner":"k0960388","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryBasic","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k0960388","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k0960388","created":"2023-04-21T15:01:50.1006259Z","versionNo":"1.0","modified":"2023-04-21T15:01:50.1006259Z","modifiedBy":"k0960388","published":"2023-04-21T15:01:53.4770231Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"bde4eabe-eb0c-4c4c-abe6-5b4080155d7b","projectId":"website","slug":"all-news","properties":{}},"entryTitle":"All news","url":"\u002Fnews\u002Fkings-news"},{"childNavigationItems":[],"hideFromNavigation":false,"page":{"sys":{"owner":"k0960388","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"listingPage","language":"en-GB","allUris":["\u002Fnews\u002Fspotlight"],"uri":"\u002Fnews\u002Fspotlight","version":{"publishedBy":"k1075632","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k0960388","created":"2023-04-21T13:54:26.5480651Z","versionNo":"2.0","modified":"2023-10-27T15:13:48.1057046Z","modifiedBy":"k1075632","published":"2023-10-27T15:14:06.8824695Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"0e967aca-ca98-4f18-b4df-c61ff75020b8","projectId":"website","slug":"spotlight-listing","properties":{}},"entryTitle":"Spotlight"},"sys":{"owner":"k0960388","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryBasic","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"navigationItem","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k1516184","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k0960388","created":"2023-04-21T15:02:49.9445607Z","versionNo":"2.0","modified":"2023-11-15T09:48:56.6511621Z","modifiedBy":"k1516184","published":"2023-11-15T09:48:59.5730564Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"675595a0-acce-413a-9884-261264ff14b9","projectId":"website","slug":"spotlight-on-impact","properties":{}},"entryTitle":"Spotlight on impact","url":"\u002Fnews\u002Fspotlight"}],"page":undefined,"hideFromNavigation":false,"systemName":"news","url":undefined,"sys":{"owner":"k1466286","metadata":{},"workflow":{"id":"contensisEntryApproval","state":"versionComplete"},"dataFormat":"entry","isPublished":true,"availableLanguages":["en-GB"],"contentTypeId":"orgUnit","language":"en-GB","allUris":[],"uri":null,"version":{"publishedBy":"k0960388","archived":null,"deleted":null,"createdBy":"k1466286","created":"2018-01-24T10:16:51.1519498Z","versionNo":"16.0","modified":"2023-04-21T15:03:16.3491673Z","modifiedBy":"k0960388","published":"2023-05-11T10:45:20.1548765Z","archivedBy":null,"deletedBy":null},"versionStatus":"published","id":"4d496649-100d-467a-9e79-8ffc7fd1388f","projectId":"website","slug":"news-centre","properties":{}}},"parent":null},"relatedPeople":{"items":[],"isError":false,"isLoaded":false,"error":null,"loading":false},"relatedItems":{"loading":false,"isLoaded":false,"isError":false,"error":null,"items":[]},"ps":{"loading":false,"isLoaded":false,"isError":false,"error":null,"items":[],"paging":{"pageCount":0,"pageIndex":0,"pageSize":0,"totalCount":0}},"relatedServices":{"loading":false,"items":[],"isLoaded":false,"isError":false,"error":null},"form":{"forms":{},"settings":{}},"jobsSearch":{"loading":false,"entries":[],"filtersLoading":false,"filters":{},"error":null,"isError":false,"pagingInfo":{"pageIndex":0,"pageSize":0,"totalCount":0}},"static":{"entry":null,"routeControl":null,"routeControlNotFound":false,"path":"","loading":false,"isError":false,"error":null,"notFound":false}}</script> <script id="legacy__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS__" type="application/json" nomodule="nomodule">[0,3,1,2,27]</script><script id="legacy__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS___ext" type="application/json" nomodule="nomodule">{"namedChunks":["page.equipment"]}</script><script async data-chunk="app" src="/static/legacy/js/runtime.d08c5529fb8fe78803fb.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script async data-chunk="app" src="/static/legacy/js/vendor.260e794f560e23da708b.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script async data-chunk="app" src="/static/legacy/js/app.dedd8bc56585e221bddb.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/legacy/js/0.723cfc18009431af8e11.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/legacy/js/3.90d55325984ee120335c.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/legacy/js/1.4f759e8cc6d854a340a8.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/legacy/js/2.4e0d416b171db8a1df2e.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/legacy/js/page.equipment.c1686bc548129a92edd9.js" nomodule="nomodule"></script><script id="modern__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS__" type="application/json" type="module">[0,3,1,2,27]</script><script id="modern__LOADABLE_REQUIRED_CHUNKS___ext" type="application/json" type="module">{"namedChunks":["page.equipment"]}</script><script async data-chunk="app" src="/static/modern/js/runtime.e597d0035bdfb097f2a0.mjs" type="module"></script><script async data-chunk="app" src="/static/modern/js/vendor.71822b5d896f642531e8.mjs" type="module"></script><script async data-chunk="app" src="/static/modern/js/app.95f5cd8882c5aa7031fc.mjs" type="module"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/modern/js/0.70465854feb630fe78a9.mjs" type="module"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/modern/js/3.18445f1795a55d332f81.mjs" type="module"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/modern/js/1.fcb86025d59527de4aea.mjs" type="module"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/modern/js/2.17e6cd7b41475562ba51.mjs" type="module"></script><script async data-chunk="page.equipment" src="/static/modern/js/page.equipment.3160a26d8b01e7a80ebc.mjs" type="module"></script></body></html>
