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  23. <title>New NASA Black Hole Visualization Takes Viewers Beyond the Brink</title>
  24. <link>https://science.nasa.gov/supermassive-black-holes/new-nasa-black-hole-visualization-takes-viewers-beyond-the-brink/</link>
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  27. <pubDate>Mon, 06 May 2024 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
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  30. <description><![CDATA[Ever wonder what happens when you fall into a black hole? Now, thanks to a new, immersive visualization produced on a NASA supercomputer, viewers can plunge into the event horizon, a black hole’s point of no return. “People often ask about this, and simulating these difficult-to-imagine processes helps me connect the mathematics of relativity to […]]]></description>
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  34. <p class="label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0">5 min read</p>
  35. <h1 class="display-48 margin-bottom-2">New NASA Black Hole Visualization Takes Viewers Beyond the Brink</h1>
  36. </div>
  37. </div>
  38. </div>
  39. <p>Ever wonder what happens when you fall into a black hole? Now, thanks to a new, immersive visualization produced on a NASA supercomputer, viewers can plunge into the event horizon, a black hole’s point of no return.</p>
  40. <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube">
  41. <div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
  42. <iframe loading="lazy" title="NASA Simulation’s Plunge Into a Black Hole: Explained" width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/chhcwk4-esM?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
  43. </div><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">In this visualization of a flight toward a supermassive black hole, labels highlight many of the fascinating features produced by the effects of general relativity along the way. Produced on a NASA supercomputer, the simulation tracks a camera as it approaches, briefly orbits, and then crosses the event horizon — the point of no return — of a monster black hole much like the one at the center of our galaxy. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/J. Schnittman and B. Powell</figcaption></figure>
  44. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link">
  45. <a href="https://youtu.be/crXGmeWFb9o" target="_blank" class="button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true" aria-label="View the plunge in 360 video on YouTube" rel="noopener"><br />
  46. <span class="line-height-alt-1">View the plunge in 360 video on YouTube</span><br />
  47. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg><br />
  48. </a></p></div>
  49. <p>“People often ask about this, and simulating these difficult-to-imagine processes helps me connect the mathematics of relativity to actual consequences in the real universe,” said Jeremy Schnittman, an astrophysicist at <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/goddard/">NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center</a> in Greenbelt, Maryland, who created the visualizations. “So I simulated two different scenarios, one where a camera — a stand-in for a daring astronaut — just misses the event horizon and slingshots back out, and one where it crosses the boundary, sealing its fate.”</p>
  50. <p>The visualizations are available in multiple forms. Explainer videos act as sightseeing guides, illuminating the bizarre effects of Einstein’s general theory of relativity.  Versions rendered as 360-degree videos let viewers look all around during the trip, while others play as flat all-sky maps.</p>
  51. <p>To create the visualizations, Schnittman teamed up with fellow Goddard scientist Brian Powell and used the Discover supercomputer at the <a href="https://www.nccs.nasa.gov" rel="noopener">NASA Center for Climate Simulation</a>. The project generated about 10 terabytes of data — equivalent to roughly half of the estimated text content in the <a href="https://www.loc.gov" rel="noopener">Library of Congress</a> — and took about 5 days running on just 0.3% of Discover’s 129,000 processors. The same feat would take more than a decade on a typical laptop.</p>
  52. <p>The destination is a supermassive black hole with 4.3 million times the mass of our Sun, equivalent to the monster located at the center of our Milky Way galaxy.</p>
  53. <p>“If you have the choice, you want to fall into a supermassive black hole,” Schnittman explained. “Stellar-mass black holes, which contain up to about 30 solar masses,  possess much smaller event horizons and stronger tidal forces, which can rip apart approaching objects before they get to the horizon.”</p>
  54. <p>This occurs because the gravitational pull on the end of an object nearer the black hole is much stronger than that on the other end. Infalling objects stretch out like noodles, a process astrophysicists call <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/what-happens-when-something-gets-too-close-to-a-black-hole/" rel="noopener">spaghettification</a>.</p>
  55. <p>The simulated black hole’s event horizon spans about 16 million miles (25 million kilometers), or about 17% of the distance from Earth to the Sun. A flat, swirling cloud of hot, glowing gas called an accretion disk surrounds it and serves as a visual reference during the fall. So do glowing structures called photon rings, which form closer to the black hole from light that has orbited it one or more times. A backdrop of the starry sky as seen from Earth completes the scene.</p>
  56. <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube">
  57. <div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
  58. <iframe loading="lazy" title="NASA Simulation Shows a Flight Around a Black Hole" width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dGEIsnBRWGs?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
  59. </div><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Tour an alternative visualization that tracks a camera as it approaches, falls toward, briefly orbits, and escapes a supermassive black hole. This immersive 360-degree version allows viewers to look around during the flight. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/J. Schnittman and B. Powell</figcaption></figure>
  60. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link">
  61. <a href="https://youtu.be/XgF46YYPplI" target="_blank" class="button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true" aria-label="View the flyby explainer on YouTube" rel="noopener"><br />
  62. <span class="line-height-alt-1">View the flyby explainer on YouTube</span><br />
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  64. </a></p></div>
  65. <p>As the camera approaches the black hole, reaching speeds ever closer to that of light itself, the glow from the accretion disk and background stars becomes amplified in much the same way as the sound of an oncoming racecar rises in pitch. Their light appears brighter and whiter when looking into the direction of travel.</p>
  66. <p>The movies begin with the camera located nearly 400 million miles (640 million kilometers) away, with the black hole quickly filling the view. Along the way, the black hole’s disk, photon rings, and the night sky become increasingly distorted — and even form multiple images as their light traverses the increasingly warped space-time.</p>
  67. <p>In real time, the camera takes about 3 hours to fall to the event horizon, executing almost two complete 30-minute orbits along the way. But to anyone observing from afar, it would never quite get there. As space-time becomes ever more distorted closer to the horizon, the image of the camera would slow and then seem to freeze just shy of it. This is why astronomers originally referred to black holes as “frozen stars.”</p>
  68. <p>At the event horizon, even space-time itself flows inward at the speed of light, the cosmic speed limit. Once inside it, both the camera and the space-time in which it’s moving rush toward the black hole’s center — a one-dimensional point called a <a href="https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/objects/black_holes1.html" rel="noopener">singularity</a>, where the laws of physics as we know them cease to operate.</p>
  69. <p>“Once the camera crosses the horizon, its destruction by spaghettification is just 12.8 seconds away,” Schnittman said. From there, it’s only 79,500 miles (128,000 kilometers) to the singularity. This final leg of the voyage is over in the blink of an eye.</p>
  70. <p>In the alternative scenario, the camera orbits close to the event horizon but it never crosses over and escapes to safety. If an astronaut flew a spacecraft on this 6-hour round trip while her colleagues on a mothership remained far from the black hole, she’d return 36 minutes younger than her colleagues. That’s because time passes more slowly near a strong gravitational source and when moving near the speed of light.</p>
  71. <p>“This situation can be even more extreme,” Schnittman noted. “If the black hole were rapidly rotating, like the one shown in the 2014 movie ‘Interstellar,’ she would return many years younger than her shipmates.”</p>
  72. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link">
  73. <a href="https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14576" target="_blank" class="button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true" aria-label="Download high-resolution video and images from NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio" rel="noopener"><br />
  74. <span class="line-height-alt-1">Download high-resolution video and images from NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio</span><br />
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  76. </a></p></div>
  77. <p><strong>By <a href="mailto:"francis.j.reddy@nasa.gov"">Francis Reddy</a><br /><a href="http://nasa.gov/goddard/" rel="noopener">NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center</a>, Greenbelt, Md.</p>
  78. <p>Media Contact:<br />Claire Andreoli<br />301-286-1940<br /><a href="mailto:claire.andreoli@nasa.gov">claire.andreoli@nasa.gov</a><br />NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.</strong></p>
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  199. <svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"/><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"/></g></g></svg><br />
  200. <span>Article</span><br />
  201. </span><br />
  202. <span class=""><br />
  203. 3 years ago </span>
  204. </div>
  205. </p></div>
  206. <p> </a>
  207. </div>
  208. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3">
  209. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasa-animation-sizes-up-the-universes-biggest-black-holes/" class="color-carbon-black"></p>
  210. <div class="margin-bottom-2">
  211. <div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile">
  212. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/nasa-smhb-compared.png" ></figure>
  213. </p></div>
  214. </p></div>
  215. <div class="padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10">
  216. <div class="subheading margin-bottom-1">4 min read</div>
  217. <div class="margin-bottom-1">
  218. <h3 class="related-article-title">NASA Animation Sizes Up the Universe’s Biggest Black Holes</h3>
  219. </div>
  220. <p class="p-md color-carbon-60">Editor’s Note May 3, 2023: The video in the feature was updated to make a…</p>
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  224. <span>Article</span><br />
  225. </span><br />
  226. <span class=""><br />
  227. 1 year ago </span>
  228. </div>
  229. </p></div>
  230. <p> </a>
  231. </div>
  232. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3">
  233. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasa-visualization-rounds-up-the-best-known-black-hole-systems/" class="color-carbon-black"></p>
  234. <div class="margin-bottom-2">
  235. <div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile">
  236. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/bh-orrery-banner-0.gif" ></figure>
  237. </p></div>
  238. </p></div>
  239. <div class="padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10">
  240. <div class="subheading margin-bottom-1">4 min read</div>
  241. <div class="margin-bottom-1">
  242. <h3 class="related-article-title">NASA Visualization Rounds Up the Best-Known Black Hole Systems</h3>
  243. </div>
  244. <p class="p-md color-carbon-60">Nearby black holes and their stellar companions form an astrophysical rogues’ gallery in this new…</p>
  245. <div class="display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60">
  246. <span class="display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2"><br />
  247. <svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"/><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"/></g></g></svg><br />
  248. <span>Article</span><br />
  249. </span><br />
  250. <span class=""><br />
  251. 2 years ago </span>
  252. </div>
  253. </p></div>
  254. <p> </a>
  255. </div>
  256. </p></div>
  257. </section></div>
  258. <div id="" class="hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards">
  259. <div class="grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0">
  260. <div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3">
  261. <div class="desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  262. <div class="label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2">Keep Exploring</div>
  263. <h2 class="heading-36 line-height-sm">Discover More Topics From NASA</h2>
  264. </p></div>
  265. </p></div>
  266. <div class="grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper">
  267. <a href="#" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></p>
  268. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  269. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  270. <div>
  271. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  272. <span>Missions</span><br />
  273. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  274. </p>
  275. </p></div>
  276. </p></div>
  277. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-1.jpg" ></figure>
  278. </p></div>
  279. <p> </a><br />
  280. <a href="#" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></p>
  281. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  282. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  283. <div>
  284. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  285. <span>Humans in Space</span><br />
  286. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  287. </p>
  288. </p></div>
  289. </p></div>
  290. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-2.jpg" ></figure>
  291. </p></div>
  292. <p> </a><br />
  293. <a href="#" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></p>
  294. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  295. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  296. <div>
  297. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  298. <span>Climate Change</span><br />
  299. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  300. </p>
  301. </p></div>
  302. </p></div>
  303. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-3.jpg" ></figure>
  304. </p></div>
  305. <p> </a><br />
  306. <a href="#" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></p>
  307. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  308. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  309. <div>
  310. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  311. <span>Solar System</span><br />
  312. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  313. </p>
  314. </p></div>
  315. </p></div>
  316. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-4.jpg" ></figure>
  317. </p></div>
  318. <p> </a>
  319. </div>
  320. </p></div>
  321. </p></div>
  322. ]]></content:encoded>
  326. </item>
  327. <item>
  328. <title>A Different Perspective – Remembering James Dean, Founder of the NASA Art Program</title>
  329. <link>https://www.nasa.gov/general/a-different-perspective-remembering-james-dean-founder-of-the-nasa-art-program/</link>
  331. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Michelle Zajac]]></dc:creator>
  332. <pubDate>Mon, 06 May 2024 16:08:33 +0000</pubDate>
  333. <category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
  334. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.nasa.gov/?p=657874</guid>
  335.  
  336. <description><![CDATA[In March 1962, NASA Administrator James Webb addressed a two-paragraph memorandum to NASA Public Affairs Director Hiden T. Cox about the possibility of bringing in artists to highlight the agency’s achievements in a new way. In it, he wrote, “We should consider in a deliberate way just what NASA should do in the field of [&#8230;]]]></description>
  337. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="2048" height="1251" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?w=2048" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="James Dean sits on the grass, holding a sketch pad and looking at it. He is surrounded by artist materials on his left and a green bag on his right. He is wearing a striped orange shirt, blue jeans, a gray bucket hat, and dark glasses." style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg 3047w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=300,183 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=768,469 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=1024,625 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=1536,938 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=2048,1251 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=400,244 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=600,366 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=900,550 900w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=1200,733 1200w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-80.jpg?resize=2000,1222 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px" loading="eager" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Artist James Dean prepares sketches of the space shuttle Columbia as it sits on Pad 39 at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center on April 9, 1981, waiting for its first historic flight (STS-1).</div><div class="hds-credits">NASA</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  338.  
  339.  
  340. <p>In March 1962, NASA Administrator James Webb addressed a two-paragraph memorandum to NASA Public Affairs Director Hiden T. Cox about the possibility of bringing in artists to highlight the agency’s achievements in a new way. In it, he wrote, “We should consider in a deliberate way just what NASA should do in the field of fine arts to commemorate the … historic events” of America’s initial steps into space. &nbsp;</p>
  341.  
  342.  
  343.  
  344. <p>Shortly thereafter, NASA employee and artist James Dean was tasked with implementing NASA’s brand-new art program. Working alongside National Art Gallery Curator of Painting H. Lester Cooke, he created a framework to give artists unparalleled access to NASA missions at every step along the way, such as suit-up, launch and landing activities, and meetings with scientists and astronauts.</p>
  345.  
  346.  
  347.  
  348. <p>“It’s amazing just how good a sketch pad is at getting you into places,” Dean said in a 2008 oral history interview. “People shy away from cameras, but sketch pads, pencils, paints, you know … a lot of doors got opened that you could never open by making an official request.”</p>
  349.  
  350.  
  351. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg"><img decoding="async" width="899" height="1288" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?w=899" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="An artist is seated on the ground inside the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB). The building is empty until the near the back by the large glass window where some figures seem to be working on a large object. The scene is predominantly green and the artist is in shades of yellow and brown." style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg 899w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?resize=209,300 209w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?resize=768,1100 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?resize=715,1024 715w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?resize=279,400 279w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?resize=419,600 419w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?resize=628,900 628w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/apollo15nasaartistatworkvab-nasm-fe8cca85ab072-001-small.jpg?resize=838,1200 838w" sizes="(max-width: 899px) 100vw, 899px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Walt Owen, “Apollo 15 NASA Artist at Work, VAB,” 1971, watercolor on paper. The painting depicts an artist seated on the ground inside the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB). </div><div class="hds-credits">Walt Owen / Courtesy of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  352.  
  353.  
  354. <p>The NASA Art Program selected an initial group of eight artists – Peter Hurd, George Weymouth, Paul Calle, Robert McCall, Robert Shore, Lamar Dodd, John McCoy, and Mitchell Jamieson – in May 1963 to capture their interpretations of the final flight of the Mercury program, Faith 7. Seven of these men spent their time exploring Cape Canaveral and covering prelaunch activities; Jamieson covered splashdown and landing by being assigned to one of the recovery ships.</p>
  355.  
  356.  
  357.  
  358. <p>Though the grants and honorariums associated with being a NASA Art Program participant were always nominal – $800 in the 1960s and up to $3,000 in the early 2000s – many other well-known artists continued to work with the program through the decades that followed, including Norman Rockwell, Robert Rauschenberg, Andy Warhol, Annie Leibowitz, and Chakaia Booker.</p>
  359.  
  360.  
  361.  
  362. <p>“It wasn’t money they were after,” Dean noted. “They were interested in the experience and being invited back into where history was being made. I mean, artists have been with explorers … [since] the early days of exploration in this country.”</p>
  363.  
  364.  
  365. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg"><img decoding="async" width="910" height="742" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg?w=910" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="An alternative perspective of the vermillion gantry equipment with both a close-up and bird’s eye view. The section of the superstructure resembles the upper portion of the alphabet letter &quot;K&quot; or a bent arm flexing its muscle. Featured at the crux of the form are the details of hexagonal hardware required to suture the monstrous assembly together. The sky is stark and flat, which suggests the overcast haze of a sizzling Florida summer afternoon. The view below depicts a skeletal structure of an obsolete gantry, a patchwork pattern of brown and green earth, and the snaking curvature of the coastline. Far off in the distance are the ignition flames of a rocket launch. A helicopter flies near the launch site at almost eye level from the artist’s view, and reinforces the height of this aerial perspective." style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg 910w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg?resize=300,245 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg?resize=768,626 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg?resize=400,326 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg?resize=600,489 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/wyeth-support.jpg?resize=900,734 900w" sizes="(max-width: 910px) 100vw, 910px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">James Browning Wyeth, “Support,” 1965, watercolor on paper. The painting depicts the Gemini IV launch from the viewpoint of a neighboring gantry to the Gemini Launch Complex 19.</div><div class="hds-credits">James Browning Wyeth / Courtesy of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  366.  
  367.  
  368. <p>Dean also recognized the importance of having a diverse range of artists present, even if they were all ostensibly there to capture the same historical event. “When you have six artists sitting together painting the same thing,” he explained, “each painting is different. And that’s because … they’re seeing all the same thing, but the image goes through their imagination too and all their experience.”</p>
  369.  
  370.  
  371.  
  372. <p>While there were some initial concerns about the NASA engineers and scientists accepting the artists as a new, prolonged presence in their midst, Dean found that once they “let the artist in and see what they were doing, they really hit it off because the engineers and the scientists and the artists really use a lot of imagination. So they were really connecting on a certain level.” He also observed a unique symbiosis occurring between artist and worker: “When an artist … turns your workplace into a work of art, you know, it validates everything you’ve been doing. It is a real motivating factor to see something like that.”</p>
  373.  
  374.  
  375. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg"><img decoding="async" width="1345" height="2048" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?w=1345" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="James Dean stands in the grass at the launchpad at NASA&#039;s Kennedy Space Center and draws on a sketchpad while using a white box as a makeshift easel. He is wearing a dark blue polo shirt, blue jeans, sunglasses, and a beige baseball cap with a dark rim. A red patterned fabric is sticking out of his right-hand pocket of his jeans." style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg 2017w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=197,300 197w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=768,1170 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=672,1024 672w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=1009,1536 1009w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=1345,2048 1345w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=263,400 263w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=394,600 394w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=591,900 591w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=788,1200 788w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/82-hc-471.jpg?resize=1313,2000 1313w" sizes="(max-width: 1345px) 100vw, 1345px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Artist James Dean, using a makeshift easel for support, prepares a preliminary study of the space shuttle Columbia on the pad at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center on June 27, 1982, as the spacecraft is prepared for its fourth flight (STS-4).</div><div class="hds-credits">NASA</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  376.  
  377.  
  378. <p>Dean served as the director of the NASA Art Program from 1962 to 1974, before leaving to become the first art curator for the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum from 1974 until his retirement in 1980. He passed away in Washington on March 22, 2024, at the age of 92. But his legacy lives on in the NASA Art Program collection, which currently has some 3,000 works divided between the National Air and Space Museum and NASA. Today, the program is focused on STEM outreach initiatives to inspire youth through creative activity.</p>
  379.  
  380.  
  381.  
  382. <p>To learn more, check out selected works from the NASA Art Program on the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasacommons/sets/72157633977913266/with/8973492146/" rel="noopener">NASA History Flickr</a>&nbsp;page and the <a href="https://airandspace.si.edu/explore/stories/nasa-art-program" rel="noopener">National Air and Space Museum</a> page.&nbsp;</p>
  383. ]]></content:encoded>
  387. </item>
  388. <item>
  389. <title>Tech Today: NASA’s Ion Thruster Knowhow Keeps Satellites Flying</title>
  390. <link>https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/stmd/tech-transfer/spinoffs/tech-today-nasas-ion-thruster-knowhow-keeps-satellites-flying/</link>
  392. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Andrew Wagner]]></dc:creator>
  393. <pubDate>Mon, 06 May 2024 16:01:29 +0000</pubDate>
  394. <category><![CDATA[Spinoffs]]></category>
  395. <category><![CDATA[Glenn Research Center]]></category>
  396. <category><![CDATA[Technology Transfer]]></category>
  397. <category><![CDATA[Technology Transfer & Spinoffs]]></category>
  398. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.nasa.gov/?p=657887</guid>
  399.  
  400. <description><![CDATA[In low Earth orbit, satellites face a constant challenge – a tiny amount of atmospheric drag that, over time, causes them to slow down and decay their orbit. To combat this, spacecraft rely on in-space thrusters to adjust positioning and boost orbits. However, most of these thrusters use heavy, expensive chemical propellants. This is where [&#8230;]]]></description>
  401. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro"><div class="width-full maxw-full article-header"><div class="margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full"><p class="label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0">2 min read</p><h1 class="display-48 margin-bottom-2">Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)</h1></div></div></div>
  402.  
  403. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="801" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg?w=1200" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="blue glow emanates from a ring-like Hall-effect Thruster" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg 1200w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg?resize=300,200 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg?resize=768,513 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg?resize=1024,684 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg?resize=400,267 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg?resize=600,401 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1ee21e.jpeg?resize=900,601 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">This Hall-effect thruster, shown being tested at Glenn Research Center, turns electricity and inert gas into force that could propel a spacecraft. Orbion Space Technology was founded to bring the high efficiency of these thrusters to small commercial satellites, and the company sought the center’s help to make that a reality.</div><div class="hds-credits">Credit: NASA</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  404.  
  405.  
  406. <p>In low Earth orbit, satellites face a constant challenge – a tiny amount of atmospheric drag that, over time, causes them to slow down and decay their orbit. To combat this, spacecraft rely on in-space thrusters to adjust positioning and boost orbits. However, most of these thrusters use heavy, expensive chemical propellants. This is where the game-changing ion thrusters come in, offering a more efficient and cost-effective solution for satellite operations.</p>
  407.  
  408.  
  409.  
  410. <p></p>
  411.  
  412.  
  413.  
  414. <p>Orbion Space Technology, based in Houghton, Michigan, was established in 2016. Recognizing a market need, the&nbsp;company set out to find innovative ways to either extend the lifespan of satellites in orbit or increase their payload capacity. This ambitious goal necessitated the development of a thruster that could operate efficiently with minimal fuel consumption, leading to the creation of the company’s Aurora thruster.</p>
  415.  
  416.  
  417.  
  418. <p>Hall-effect thrusters, an&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/the-propulsion-were-supplying-its-electrifying/">advanced ion propulsion technology</a>, use electricity rather than chemical reactions to propel spacecraft. Orbion’s founders saw the technology grow from an experimental concept to being regularly used on missions across the solar system. Still, the company had to turn to the experts to make these thrusters viable for satellite operators.</p>
  419.  
  420.  
  421.  
  422. <p></p>
  423.  
  424.  
  425. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-07499a.jpeg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="400" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-07499a.jpeg?w=600" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="A Hall-effect thruster inside a metal enclosure" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-07499a.jpeg 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-07499a.jpeg?resize=300,200 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-07499a.jpeg?resize=400,267 400w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Orbion’s Aurora thrusters are small and efficient yet powerful enough to maintain the orbits of small satellites for several years.</div><div class="hds-credits">Credit: Orbion Space Technology Inc.</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  426.  
  427.  
  428. <p>NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland leads the development of ion thrusters for the agency, designing and evaluating thrusters for missions like Dawn and DART and the agency&#8217;s Gateway lunar space station. Orbion entered into a Data Usage Agreement with NASA Glenn to receive detailed information from the development of these engines and a non-exclusive evaluation license. One of the reasons Orbion turned to NASA was its advancements in materials research for ion thrusters and the Glenn-developed cathode heater, which improves electrical efficiency and operating life.&nbsp;</p>
  429.  
  430.  
  431.  
  432. <p></p>
  433.  
  434.  
  435.  
  436. <p>This work resulted in Orbion’s Aurora thrusters being just as capable as those that NASA builds for its deep space science and exploration missions. Orbion has since sold several Aurora thrusters to government and private sector companies, including a recent contract with a large commercial satellite operator for its new constellation of Earth-observing spacecraft.&nbsp;</p>
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  440. <a href="https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Ion_Thrusters_Keep_Satellites_Going_and_Going" target="_self" class="button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true" aria-label="Read more about Read More" rel="noopener">
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  490. <div class="grid-col-8">May 06, 2024</div>
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  494. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black "><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h2 class="heading-14">Related Terms</h2></div><ul class="article-tags"><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/technology-transfer-spinoffs/">Spinoffs</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/glenn/">Glenn Research Center</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/technology-transfer-spinoffs/">Technology Transfer</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/technology-transfer-spinoffs/">Technology Transfer &amp; Spinoffs</a></li></ul></div></div>
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  552. <div class="subheading margin-bottom-1">1 min read</div>
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  566. </section>
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  588. </a>
  589. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/tdm/solar-electric-propulsion/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
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  592. <div>
  593. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  594. <span>Solar Electric Propulsion</span>
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  596. </p>
  597. </div>
  598. </div>
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  600. </a>
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  614. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  615. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  616. <div>
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  618. <span>Glenn Research Center</span>
  619. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  620. </p>
  621. </div>
  622. </div>
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  624. </a>
  625. </div>
  626. </div>
  627. </div>]]></content:encoded>
  631. </item>
  632. <item>
  633. <title>Sols 4175-4177: Don’t Blink We’re Taking a Picture</title>
  634. <link>https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/sols-4175-4177-dont-blink-were-taking-a-picture/</link>
  636. <dc:creator><![CDATA[]]></dc:creator>
  637. <pubDate>Mon, 06 May 2024 14:53:25 +0000</pubDate>
  638. <category><![CDATA[Blogs]]></category>
  639. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/sols-4175-4177-dont-blink-were-taking-a-picture/</guid>
  640.  
  641. <description><![CDATA[Curiosity loves to drive so it’s pretty rare we stay at a location longer than one planning cycle without the intention of drilling.]]></description>
  642. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro">
  643. <div class="width-full maxw-full article-header">
  644. <div class="margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full">
  645. <p class="label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0">3 min read</p>
  646. <h1 class="display-48 margin-bottom-2">Sols 4175-4177: Don’t Blink We’re Taking a Picture</h1>
  647. </div>
  648. </div>
  649. </div>
  650. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image">
  651. <div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline">
  652. <div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto">
  653. <figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit "><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg" rel="noopener"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1024" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?w=1024" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="This image shows our previous workspace block and rover wheel tracks from Sol 4171 taken by the Left Navigation Camera onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity." style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=768,768 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=600,600 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nlb-767776359edr-f1070006ncam00354m-.jpg?resize=900,900 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" loading="eager" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2">
  654. <div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">This image shows our previous workspace block and rover wheel tracks from Sol 4171 taken by the Left Navigation Camera onboard NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity.</div>
  655. <div class="hds-credits">NASA/JPL-Caltech</div>
  656. </figcaption></div>
  657. </div>
  658. </div>
  659. <p>Earth planning date: Friday, May 3, 2024</p>
  660. <p>Curiosity loves to drive so it’s pretty rare we stay at a location longer than one planning cycle without the intention of drilling. But since we found ourselves at this unique and beautiful rubbly ridge with dark-toned clasts all around, the science team decided to skip driving last plan and stay through most of the weekend in favor of more contact science. My job this week was operating the Mastcams, and we decided to take full advantage of this opportunity! Why not take an afternoon 360-degree panorama while we’re here? It’s understandably hard to argue against a full panorama, so we went for it and planned 331 Mastcam Left images that should cover most of the terrain around us (including a custom arm pose to get the ridge in better view). Since our left filter wheel got stuck last fall, occluding over half of our lens, we’ve had to subframe our images quite a bit to avoid any filter wheel hardware showing up and thus — our Mastcam Left frame size covers less than half what it use to. It’s extremely lucky we’re still able to use the camera at all, and we’re very happy to keep planning 360 panos after all these years even if it takes about 2.5x more images to acquire.</p>
  661. <p>Now for the reason we stayed: a full evening of contact science on the first sol! APXS and MAHLI are planning to investigate a light-toned, layered but somehow still crunchy, rock named “Liberty Cap” and another similar rock named “Wilma Lake.” Liberty Cap imaging will also include a different type of MAHLI stereo where the turret rotates instead of moves laterally, called “rotational” stereo (or: “Herkenhoff” stereo after Ken Herkenhoff, a long-time MAHLI Co-Investigator among many other titles). Without any APXS support, MAHLI will also take a look at a pointy, dark-toned target named “Lookout Peak.” I sit right next to the MAHLI operations team and was trying my best to keep up with all they have going on today.</p>
  662. <p>On the second sol, we drive! To be honest, there’s a ton more we planned today (including mid-drive and post-drive Mastcam imaging!) but this blog could go on and on with how packed this plan is. It’s always a little nerve-wracking sending a plan like this up to Mars before checking out for the weekend, but I’ll try my best and come back fresh for more Mastcam imaging on Monday.</p>
  663. <p>Written by Natalie Moore, Mission Operations Specialist at Malin Space Science Systems</p>
  664. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details">
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  736. <div class="subheading margin-bottom-1">3 min read</div>
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  743. <span>Article</span><br />
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  759. <div class="subheading margin-bottom-1">4 min read</div>
  760. <div class="margin-bottom-1">
  761. <h3 class="related-article-title">Sols 4168-4170 Reaching the “Pinnacle” of Gediz Vallis Ridge (Pinnacle Ridge)</h3>
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  766. <span>Article</span><br />
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  782. <div class="subheading margin-bottom-1">3 min read</div>
  783. <div class="margin-bottom-1">
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  789. <span>Article</span><br />
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  792. 6 days ago </span>
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  802. <div class="desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
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  808. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mars/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  809. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  810. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  811. <div>
  812. <h3 class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  813. <span>Mars</span><br />
  814. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg><br />
  815. </h3>
  816. <p class="margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important">Mars is no place for the faint-hearted. It’s dry, rocky, and bitter cold. The fourth planet from the Sun, Mars…</p>
  817. </p></div>
  818. </p></div>
  819. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1536" height="864" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?w=1536" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp 1920w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=300,169 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=768,432 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=1024,576 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=1536,864 1536w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=400,225 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=600,338 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=900,506 900w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/272_MarsInSight_poster-jpg.webp?resize=1200,675 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /></figure>
  820. </p></div>
  821. <p> </a><br />
  822. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mars/resources/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
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  825. <div>
  826. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  827. <span>All Mars Resources</span><br />
  828. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  829. </p>
  830. </p></div>
  831. </p></div>
  832. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="1122" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp?w=1200" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp 1200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp?resize=300,281 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp?resize=768,718 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp?resize=1024,957 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp?resize=400,374 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp?resize=600,561 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/27262-pia25681-web.webp?resize=900,842 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></figure>
  833. </p></div>
  834. <p> </a><br />
  835. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/programs/mars-exploration/rover-basics/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  836. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  837. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  838. <div>
  839. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  840. <span>Rover Basics</span><br />
  841. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  842. </p>
  843. </p></div>
  844. </p></div>
  845. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1118" height="1536" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?w=1118" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png 1200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=218,300 218w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=768,1055 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=746,1024 746w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=1118,1536 1118w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=291,400 291w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=437,600 437w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=655,900 655w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/mars-perseverance-si1-0045-0670932474-015ecm-n0031416srlc07021-000085j-e1708128527756.png?resize=874,1200 874w" sizes="(max-width: 1118px) 100vw, 1118px" /></figure>
  846. </p></div>
  847. <p> </a><br />
  848. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/programs/mars-exploration/science-goals/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  849. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  850. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  851. <div>
  852. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  853. <span>Mars Exploration Science Goals</span><br />
  854. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  855. </p>
  856. </p></div>
  857. </p></div>
  858. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1536" height="864" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?w=1536" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg 1600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=300,169 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=768,432 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=400,225 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=600,338 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=900,506 900w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Color-enhanced_view_of_Jezero_crater_on_Mars.jpeg?resize=1200,675 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /></figure>
  859. </p></div>
  860. <p> </a>
  861. </div>
  862. </p></div>
  863. </p></div>
  864. ]]></content:encoded>
  868. </item>
  869. <item>
  870. <title>NASA Invites Media to Attend Louisiana Space Day 2024</title>
  871. <link>https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-invites-media-to-attend-louisiana-space-day-2024/</link>
  873. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Beth Ridgeway]]></dc:creator>
  874. <pubDate>Mon, 06 May 2024 14:50:45 +0000</pubDate>
  875. <category><![CDATA[Michoud Assembly Facility]]></category>
  876. <category><![CDATA[Marshall Space Flight Center]]></category>
  877. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.nasa.gov/?post_type=press-release&#038;p=657860</guid>
  878.  
  879. <description><![CDATA[NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, several aerospace companies, and GNO Inc. will host Louisiana Space Day 2024 at the Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. CDT on Wednesday, May 8. Media are invited to attend and should contact Craig Betbeze at craig.c.betbeze@nasa.gov or 504-419-5333 by 2 p.m. [&#8230;]]]></description>
  880. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro"><div class="width-full maxw-full article-header"><div class="margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full"><p class="label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0">2 min read</p><h1 class="display-48 margin-bottom-2">Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)</h1></div></div></div>
  881.  
  882. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1041" height="735" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg?w=1041" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="A view from the sky of the Michoud Assembly Factory." style="transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg 1041w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg?resize=300,212 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg?resize=768,542 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg?resize=1024,723 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg?resize=400,282 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg?resize=600,424 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/167090main-maf-aerial4.jpg?resize=900,635 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">NASA&#8217;s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, Louisiana, is one of the world’s largest manufacturing plants, with 43 acres under one roof and a port with deep-water access, permitting transportation of large space systems and hardware </div><div class="hds-credits">NASA</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  883.  
  884.  
  885. <p>NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, several aerospace companies, and GNO Inc. will host Louisiana Space Day 2024 at the Louisiana State Capitol in Baton Rouge from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. CDT on Wednesday, May 8.</p>
  886.  
  887.  
  888.  
  889. <p>Media are invited to attend and should contact Craig Betbeze at <a href="mailto:craig.c.betbeze@nasa.gov">craig.c.betbeze@nasa.gov</a> or 504-419-5333 by 2 p.m. CDT on Tuesday, May 7.</p>
  890.  
  891.  
  892.  
  893. <p>Area middle-school, high-school, and college students will participate in STEM activities, chat with NASA astronaut Josh Cassada, and hear from NASA leadership during an Artemis Generation panel discussion. The event also will include a reading of a Space Day resolution by Louisiana legislators with NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Director Joseph Pelfrey, NASA Michoud Director Hansel Gill, and astronaut Cassada, highlighting Louisiana’s contributions to space exploration.</p>
  894.  
  895.  
  896.  
  897. <p>NASA Michoud, Boeing, Lockheed Martin, United Launch Alliance (ULA), Blue Origin, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, LA STEM, partners for Stennis and Michoud, and selected Louisiana school robotics teams are among the exhibitors for Space Day 2024. GNO Inc. coordinated efforts with local schools to bring middle and high-school school students to participate.</p>
  898.  
  899.  
  900.  
  901. <p>Media opportunities for the day include:</p>
  902.  
  903.  
  904.  
  905. <p><strong>9 a.m. to 3 p.m.</strong> – STEM activities</p>
  906.  
  907.  
  908.  
  909. <p><strong>Location:</strong> Capitol Rotunda</p>
  910.  
  911.  
  912.  
  913. <p><strong>10 a.m.</strong> – Chat with NASA astronaut Josh Cassada, NASA Marshall Center Director Joseph Pelfrey, NASA Michoud Assembly Director Hansel Gill, and high school students</p>
  914.  
  915.  
  916.  
  917. <p><strong>Location:</strong> Louisiana State Library</p>
  918.  
  919.  
  920.  
  921. <p><strong>TBD</strong> – Resolution readings on the House and Senate Floors</p>
  922.  
  923.  
  924.  
  925. <p><strong>11 a.m</strong>. – Artemis Generation Panel with college students. Panel participants are Chrystal Morgan, Boeing, as moderator, NASA Marshall Director Joseph Pelfrey, and NASA Michoud Assembly Director Hansel Gill.</p>
  926.  
  927.  
  928.  
  929. <p><strong>Location:</strong> Louisiana State Capitol</p>
  930.  
  931.  
  932.  
  933. <p><strong>TBD</strong> – Louisiana Space Day 2024 Resolution reading by Louisiana Legislators with NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Director Joseph Pelfrey and NASA Michoud Assembly Director Hansel Gill.</p>
  934.  
  935.  
  936.  
  937. <p><strong>About the NASA Michoud Assembly Facility</strong></p>
  938.  
  939.  
  940.  
  941. <p>For more than half a century, NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans has been “America’s Rocket Factory,” the nation’s premiere site for manufacturing and assembly of large-scale space structures and systems. Michoud is a NASA-owned facility, managed by the agency’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.</p>
  942.  
  943.  
  944.  
  945. <p>To learn more about programs and activities at NASA Michoud, visit:</p>
  946.  
  947.  
  948.  
  949. <p><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/michoud-assembly-facility/">https://www.nasa.gov/michoud-assembly-facility/</a></p>
  950.  
  951.  
  952.  
  953. <p><strong><em>Craig Betbeze</em></strong><br>Michoud Assembly Facility, New Orleans<br>504-419-5333<br><a href="mailto:craig.c.betbeze@nasa.gov">craig.c.betbeze@nasa.gov</a><br></p>
  954.  
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  997. <div class="subheading">Last Updated</div>
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  999. <div class="grid-col-8">May 06, 2024</div>
  1000. </div>
  1001. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3"><div class="grid-col-4"><div class="subheading">Editor</div></div><div class="grid-col-8">Beth Ridgeway</div></div><div class="grid-row"><div class="grid-col-4"><div class="subheading">Location</div></div><div class="grid-col-8">Michoud Assembly Facility</div></div> </div>
  1002. </div>
  1003. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black "><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h2 class="heading-14">Related Terms</h2></div><ul class="article-tags"><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/michoud-assembly-facility/">Michoud Assembly Facility</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/marshall-space-flight-center/">Marshall Space Flight Center</a></li></ul></div></div>
  1004. </div>
  1005. </section>
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  1007.  
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  1010. <div class="margin-bottom-4"><h2 style="max-width: 100%;" class="width-full w-full maxw-full">Explore More</h2></div>
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  1048. 5 days ago </span>
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  1055. <div class="margin-bottom-2">
  1056. <div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile">
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  1065. <span>Article</span>
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  1067. <span class="">
  1068. 7 days ago </span>
  1069. </div>
  1070. </div>
  1071. </a>
  1072. </div>
  1073. </div>
  1074. </section>
  1075. </div>
  1076.  
  1077. <div id="" class="hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards"> <div class="grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0">
  1078. <div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3">
  1079. <div class="desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1080. <div class="label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2">Keep Exploring</div>
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  1086. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1087. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1088. <div>
  1089. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1090. <span>Missions</span>
  1091. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1092. </p>
  1093. </div>
  1094. </div>
  1095. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-1.jpg" ></figure> </div>
  1096. </a>
  1097. <a href="#" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1098. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1099. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1100. <div>
  1101. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1102. <span>Humans in Space</span>
  1103. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1104. </p>
  1105. </div>
  1106. </div>
  1107. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-2.jpg" ></figure> </div>
  1108. </a>
  1109. <a href="#" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1110. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1111. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1112. <div>
  1113. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1114. <span>Climate Change</span>
  1115. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1116. </p>
  1117. </div>
  1118. </div>
  1119. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-3.jpg" ></figure> </div>
  1120. </a>
  1121. <a href="#" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1122. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1123. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1124. <div>
  1125. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1126. <span>Solar System</span>
  1127. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1128. </p>
  1129. </div>
  1130. </div>
  1131. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/topic-cards/topic-card-sample-4.jpg" ></figure> </div>
  1132. </a>
  1133. </div>
  1134. </div>
  1135. </div>]]></content:encoded>
  1139. </item>
  1140. <item>
  1141. <title>Hubble Views a Galaxy with a Voracious Black Hole</title>
  1142. <link>https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-views-a-galaxy-with-a-voracious-black-hole/</link>
  1144. <dc:creator><![CDATA[]]></dc:creator>
  1145. <pubDate>Mon, 06 May 2024 12:31:08 +0000</pubDate>
  1146. <category><![CDATA[Astrophysics]]></category>
  1147. <category><![CDATA[Astrophysics Division]]></category>
  1148. <category><![CDATA[Galaxies]]></category>
  1149. <category><![CDATA[Goddard Space Flight Center]]></category>
  1150. <category><![CDATA[Hubble Space Telescope]]></category>
  1151. <category><![CDATA[Missions]]></category>
  1152. <category><![CDATA[Spiral Galaxies]]></category>
  1153. <category><![CDATA[The Universe]]></category>
  1154. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-views-a-galaxy-with-a-voracious-black-hole/</guid>
  1155.  
  1156. <description><![CDATA[Bright, starry spiral arms surround an active galactic center in this new NASA Hubble Space Telescope image of the galaxy NGC 4951. Located in the Virgo constellation, NGC 4951 is located roughly 50 million light-years away from Earth. It’s classified as a Seyfert galaxy, which means that it’s an extremely energetic type of galaxy with […]]]></description>
  1157. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro">
  1158. <div class="width-full maxw-full article-header">
  1159. <div class="margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full">
  1160. <p class="label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0">2 min read</p>
  1161. <h1 class="display-48 margin-bottom-2">Hubble Views a Galaxy with a Voracious Black Hole</h1>
  1162. </div>
  1163. </div>
  1164. </div>
  1165. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image">
  1166. <div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline">
  1167. <div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto">
  1168. <figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit "><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg" rel="noopener"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="2048" height="1982" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?w=2048" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="A massive spiral galaxy fills the image. A bright, yellow galactic core glows at the center, surrounded by spiral arms studded with pink stars and dark lanes of dust." style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg 4058w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=300,290 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=768,743 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=1024,991 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=1536,1486 1536w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=2048,1982 2048w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=400,387 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=600,581 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=900,871 900w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=1200,1161 1200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final.jpg?resize=2000,1935 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px" loading="eager" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2">
  1169. <div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image features the spiral galaxy NGC 4951, located roughly 50 million light-years away from Earth. </div>
  1170. </figcaption></div>
  1171. </div>
  1172. </div>
  1173. <p>Bright, starry spiral arms surround an active galactic center in this new NASA <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/" rel="noopener">Hubble Space Telescope</a> image of the galaxy NGC 4951.</p>
  1174. <p>Located in the Virgo constellation, NGC 4951 is located roughly 50 million light-years away from Earth. It’s classified as a Seyfert galaxy, which means that it’s an extremely energetic type of galaxy with an active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, Seyfert galaxies are unique from other sorts of AGNs because the galaxy itself can still be clearly seen – different types of AGNs are so bright that it’s nearly impossible to observe the actual galaxy that they reside within.</p>
  1175. <p>AGNs like NGC 4951 are powered by <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/science/science-highlights/monster-black-holes-are-everywhere/" rel="noopener">supermassive black holes</a>. As matter whirls into the black hole, it generates radiation across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, making the AGN shine brightly.</p>
  1176. <p>Hubble helped prove that supermassive black holes exist at the core of almost every galaxy in our universe. Before the telescope launched into low-Earth orbit in 1990, astronomers only theorized about their existence. The mission verified their existence by observing the undeniable effects of black holes, like jets of material ejecting from black holes and disks of gas and dust revolving around those black holes at very high speeds.</p>
  1177. <p>These observations of NGC 4951 were taken to provide valuable data for astronomers studying how galaxies evolve, with a particular focus on the star formation process. Hubble gathered this information, which is being combined with observations with the <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/" rel="noopener">James Webb Space Telescope</a> (JWST) to support a JWST Treasury program. Treasury programs collect observations that focus on the potential to solve multiple scientific problems with a single, coherent dataset and enable a variety of compelling scientific investigations.</p>
  1178. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link">
  1179. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/image-detail/hubble-ngc4951-1ok-flatcrop-final/" target="_self" class="button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true" aria-label="Download this image" rel="noopener"><br />
  1180. <span class="line-height-alt-1">Download this image</span><br />
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  1182. </a></p></div>
  1183. <p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline">Media Contact</span>:</strong></p>
  1184. <p><strong>Claire Andreoli</strong><br /><strong>NASA’s </strong><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/goddard"><strong>Goddard Space Flight Center</strong></a>, <strong>Greenbelt, MD</strong><br /><a href="mailto:claire.andreoli@nasa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>claire.andreoli@nasa.gov</strong></a></p>
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  1216. </p></div>
  1217. </p></div>
  1218. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1219. <div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black">
  1220. <div class="margin-bottom-2">
  1221. <h2 class="heading-14">Details</h2>
  1222. </p></div>
  1223. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3">
  1224. <div class="grid-col-4">
  1225. <div class="subheading">Last Updated</div>
  1226. </p></div>
  1227. <div class="grid-col-8">May 06, 2024</div>
  1228. </p></div>
  1229. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3">
  1230. <div class="grid-col-4">
  1231. <div class="subheading">Editor</div>
  1232. </div>
  1233. <div class="grid-col-8">Andrea Gianopoulos</div>
  1234. </div>
  1235. <div class="grid-row">
  1236. <div class="grid-col-4">
  1237. <div class="subheading">Location</div>
  1238. </div>
  1239. <div class="grid-col-8">Goddard Space Flight Center</div>
  1240. </div></div>
  1241. </p></div>
  1242. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1243. <div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black ">
  1244. <div class="margin-bottom-2">
  1245. <h2 class="heading-14">Related Terms</h2>
  1246. </div>
  1247. <ul class="article-tags">
  1248. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/" rel="noopener">Astrophysics</a></li>
  1249. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/" rel="noopener">Astrophysics Division</a></li>
  1250. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/" rel="noopener">Galaxies</a></li>
  1251. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/goddard/">Goddard Space Flight Center</a></li>
  1252. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble" rel="noopener">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li>
  1253. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-missions/">Missions</a></li>
  1254. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/category/universe/galaxies/spiral-galaxies/" rel="noopener">Spiral Galaxies</a></li>
  1255. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/" rel="noopener">The Universe</a></li>
  1256. </ul>
  1257. </div>
  1258. </div></div>
  1259. </section></div>
  1260. <div id="" class="hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards">
  1261. <div class="grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0">
  1262. <div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3">
  1263. <div class="desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1264. <div class="label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2">Keep Exploring</div>
  1265. <h2 class="heading-36 line-height-sm">Discover More Topics From NASA</h2>
  1266. </p></div>
  1267. </p></div>
  1268. <div class="grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper">
  1269. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/hubble/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  1270. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1271. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1272. <div>
  1273. <h3 class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1274. <span>Hubble Space Telescope</span><br />
  1275. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg><br />
  1276. </h3>
  1277. <p class="margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important">Since its 1990 launch, the Hubble Space Telescope has changed our fundamental understanding of the universe.</p>
  1278. </p></div>
  1279. </p></div>
  1280. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1512" height="1536" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?w=1512" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg 4031w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=295,300 295w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=768,780 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1008,1024 1008w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1512,1536 1512w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=2016,2048 2016w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=394,400 394w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=591,600 591w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=886,900 886w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1181,1200 1181w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1969,2000 1969w" sizes="(max-width: 1512px) 100vw, 1512px" /></figure>
  1281. </p></div>
  1282. <p> </a><br />
  1283. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  1284. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1285. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1286. <div>
  1287. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1288. <span>Galaxies</span><br />
  1289. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1290. </p>
  1291. </p></div>
  1292. </p></div>
  1293. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="938" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1200" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp 1200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=300,235 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=768,600 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=1024,800 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=400,313 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=600,469 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=900,704 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></figure>
  1294. </p></div>
  1295. <p> </a><br />
  1296. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-are-galaxies/stories/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  1297. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1298. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1299. <div>
  1300. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1301. <span>Galaxies Stories</span><br />
  1302. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1303. </p>
  1304. </p></div>
  1305. </p></div>
  1306. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1280" height="1423" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?w=1280" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp 1280w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?resize=270,300 270w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?resize=768,854 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?resize=921,1024 921w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?resize=360,400 360w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?resize=540,600 540w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?resize=810,900 810w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/hubble-abells0740-opo0708a-jpg.webp?resize=1079,1200 1079w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></figure>
  1307. </p></div>
  1308. <p> </a><br />
  1309. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  1310. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1311. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1312. <div>
  1313. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1314. <span>Black Holes</span><br />
  1315. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1316. </p>
  1317. </p></div>
  1318. </p></div>
  1319. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1536" height="1536" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1536" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp 4096w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=150,150 150w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=300,300 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=768,768 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=1536,1536 1536w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=2048,2048 2048w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=50,50 50w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=100,100 100w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=200,200 200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=400,400 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=600,600 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=900,900 900w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=1200,1200 1200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?resize=2000,2000 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /></figure>
  1320. </p></div>
  1321. <p> </a>
  1322. </div>
  1323. </p></div>
  1324. </p></div>
  1325. ]]></content:encoded>
  1329. </item>
  1330. <item>
  1331. <title>ARMD Solicitations</title>
  1332. <link>https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/armd-solicitations/</link>
  1334. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jim Banke]]></dc:creator>
  1335. <pubDate>Fri, 03 May 2024 19:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  1336. <category><![CDATA[Aeronautics]]></category>
  1337. <category><![CDATA[Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate]]></category>
  1338. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.nasa.gov/?p=198369</guid>
  1339.  
  1340. <description><![CDATA[This ARMD solicitations page compiles the opportunities to collaborate with NASA’s aeronautical innovators and/or contribute to their research to enable new and improved air transportation systems. A summary of available opportunities with key dates requiring action are listed first. More information about each opportunity is detailed lower on this page. University Leadership InitiativeKey date: May [&#8230;]]]></description>
  1341. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro"><div class="width-full maxw-full article-header"><div class="margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full"><p class="label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0">7 min read</p><h1 class="display-48 margin-bottom-2">Preparations for Next Moonwalk Simulations Underway (and Underwater)</h1></div></div></div>
  1342.  
  1343. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1600" height="857" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?w=1600" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="Several future aircraft concepts flying over a mid-sized city with a handful of skyscrapers." style="transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 23% 61%; object-position: 23% 61%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg 1600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=300,161 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=768,411 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=1024,548 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=1536,823 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=400,214 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=600,321 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=900,482 900w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=1200,643 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Illustration showing multiple future air transportation options NASA researchers are studying or working to enable.</div><div class="hds-credits">NASA</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  1344.  
  1345.  
  1346. <p>This ARMD solicitations page compiles the opportunities to collaborate with NASA’s aeronautical innovators and/or contribute to their research to enable new and improved air transportation systems. A summary of available opportunities with key dates requiring action are listed first. More information about each opportunity is detailed lower on this page.</p>
  1347.  
  1348.  
  1349.  
  1350. <p><strong>University Leadership Initiative</strong><br>Key date: May 29, 2024</p>
  1351.  
  1352.  
  1353.  
  1354. <p><strong>Commercial Supersonic Technology</strong><br>Key date: May 31, 2024</p>
  1355.  
  1356.  
  1357.  
  1358. <p><strong>University Student Research Challenge</strong><br>June 20, 2024</p>
  1359.  
  1360.  
  1361.  
  1362. <p><strong>Advanced Air Mobility</strong><br>Key date: Feb. 1, 2025, at 6 p.m. EST</p>
  1363.  
  1364.  
  1365.  
  1366. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1367.  
  1368.  
  1369.  
  1370. <p></p>
  1371.  
  1372.  
  1373.  
  1374. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1375.  
  1376.  
  1377.  
  1378. <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Advanced Capabilities for Emergency Response Operations</strong></h3>
  1379.  
  1380.  
  1381.  
  1382. <p><strong>GENERAL ANNOUNCEMENT OF REQUEST FOR INFORMATION</strong></p>
  1383.  
  1384.  
  1385.  
  1386. <p>Advanced Capabilities for Emergency Response Operations is using this request for information to identify technologies that address current challenges facing the wildland firefighting community. NASA is seeking information on data collection, airborne connectivity and communications solutions, unmanned aircraft systems traffic management, aircraft operations and autonomy, and more. This will support development of a partnership strategy for future collaborative demonstrations.</p>
  1387.  
  1388.  
  1389.  
  1390. <p>Interested parties were requested to respond to this notice with an information package no later than 4 pm ET, October 15, 2023, that shall be submitted via <a href="https://nari.arc.nasa.gov/acero-rfi" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://nari.arc.nasa.gov/acero-rfi</a>. Any proprietary information must be clearly marked. Submissions will be accepted only from United States companies.</p>
  1391.  
  1392.  
  1393.  
  1394. <p><a href="https://sam.gov/opp/2ed085a4edae4ee6b0d3d641677496df/view" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the full RFI Announcement here</a><a href="https://sam.gov/opp/2ed085a4edae4ee6b0d3d641677496df/view" rel="noopener">.</a></p>
  1395.  
  1396.  
  1397.  
  1398. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1399.  
  1400.  
  1401.  
  1402. <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Advanced Air Mobility Mission</strong></h3>
  1403.  
  1404.  
  1405.  
  1406. <p><strong>GENERAL ADVANCED AIR MOBILITY<br>ANNOUNCEMENT OF REQUEST FOR INFORMATION</strong><br>This request for information (RFI) is being used to gather market research for NASA to make informed decisions regarding potential partnership strategies and future research to enable Advanced Air Mobility (AAM). NASA is seeking information from public, private, and academic organizations to determine technical needs and community interests that may lead to future solicitations regarding AAM research and development. </p>
  1407.  
  1408.  
  1409.  
  1410. <p>This particular RFI is just one avenue of multiple planned opportunities for formal feedback on or participation in NASA’s AAM Mission-related efforts to develop these requirements and help enable AAM.&nbsp;</p>
  1411.  
  1412.  
  1413.  
  1414. <p><strong>The current respond by date for this RFI is Feb. 1, 2025, at 6 p.m. EST.</strong></p>
  1415.  
  1416.  
  1417.  
  1418. <p><a href="https://sam.gov/opp/e9a9f0867738451c8d85e3adba55a86a/view" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the full RFI announcement here</a><a href="https://sam.gov/opp/e9a9f0867738451c8d85e3adba55a86a/view" rel="noopener">.</a></p>
  1419.  
  1420.  
  1421.  
  1422. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1423.  
  1424.  
  1425.  
  1426. <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong><strong>NASA Research Opportunities in Aeronautics</strong></strong></h3>
  1427.  
  1428.  
  1429.  
  1430. <p>NASA’s&nbsp;Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD)&nbsp;uses the NASA Research Announcement (NRA) process to solicit proposals for foundational research in areas where ARMD seeks to enhance its core capabilities.</p>
  1431.  
  1432.  
  1433.  
  1434. <p>Competition for NRA awards is open to both academia and industry.</p>
  1435.  
  1436.  
  1437.  
  1438. <p>The current open solicitation for ARMD Research Opportunities is <a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/solicitations/summary!init.do?solId=%7b8FEF8FEA-8C70-0880-5093-84B075E98023%7d&amp;path=open" rel="noopener">ROA-2023</a> and <a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/solicitations/summary!init.do?solId=%7bCD0E90F9-A540-10C4-8E5E-B0EC0FA18298%7d&amp;path=open" rel="noopener">ROA-2024</a>.</p>
  1439.  
  1440.  
  1441.  
  1442. <p>Here is some general information to know about the NRA process.</p>
  1443.  
  1444.  
  1445.  
  1446. <ul>
  1447. <li>NRA solicitations are released by NASA Headquarters through the Web-based NASA Solicitation and Proposal Integrated Review and Evaluation System (<a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/index.do" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NSPIRES</a>). </li>
  1448.  
  1449.  
  1450.  
  1451. <li>All NRA technical work is defined and managed by project teams within these four programs:&nbsp;Advanced Air Vehicles Program,&nbsp;Airspace Operations and Safety Program,&nbsp;Integrated Aviation Systems Program, and&nbsp;Transformative Aeronautics Concepts Program.</li>
  1452.  
  1453.  
  1454.  
  1455. <li>NRA awards originate from NASA’s&nbsp;Langley Research Center&nbsp;in Virginia,&nbsp;Ames Research Center&nbsp;in California,&nbsp;Glenn Research Center&nbsp;in Cleveland, and&nbsp;Armstrong Flight Research Center&nbsp;in California.</li>
  1456.  
  1457.  
  1458.  
  1459. <li>Competition for NRA awards is full and open.</li>
  1460.  
  1461.  
  1462.  
  1463. <li>Participation is open to all categories of organizations, including educational institutions, industry, and nonprofits.</li>
  1464.  
  1465.  
  1466.  
  1467. <li>Any updates or amendments to an NRA is posted on the appropriate NSPIRES web pages as noted in the Amendments detailed below.</li>
  1468.  
  1469.  
  1470.  
  1471. <li>ARMD sends notifications of NRA updates through the NSPIRES email system. In order to receive these&nbsp;email notifications, you must be a Registered User of NSPIRES. However, note that NASA is not responsible for inadvertently failing to provide notification of a future NRA. Parties are responsible for regularly checking the NSPIRES website for updated NRAs.</li>
  1472. </ul>
  1473.  
  1474.  
  1475.  
  1476. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1477.  
  1478.  
  1479.  
  1480. <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>ROA-2024 NRA Amendments</strong></h3>
  1481.  
  1482.  
  1483.  
  1484. <div style="height:25px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1485.  
  1486.  
  1487.  
  1488. <p><strong>Amendment 1</strong><br><strong>UPDATED MAY 3, 2024</strong></p>
  1489.  
  1490.  
  1491.  
  1492. <p><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument?cmdocumentid=985956&amp;solicitationId=%7bCD0E90F9-A540-10C4-8E5E-B0EC0FA18298%7d&amp;viewSolicitationDocument=1" rel="noopener">(Full text here.)</a></p>
  1493.  
  1494.  
  1495.  
  1496. <p>Amendment 1 to the NASA ARMD Research Opportunities in Aeronautics (ROA) 2024 NRA has been posted on the NSPIRES web site at <a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/" rel="noopener">https://nspires.nasaprs.com</a>.</p>
  1497.  
  1498.  
  1499.  
  1500. <p>The announcement solicits proposals from accredited U.S. institutions for research training grants to begin the academic year. This NOFO is designed to support independently conceived research projects by highly qualified graduate students, in disciplines needed to help advance NASA’s mission, thus affording these students the opportunity to directly contribute to advancements in STEM-related areas of study. AAVP Fellowship Opportunities are focused on innovation and the generation of measurable research results that contribute to NASA’s current and future science and technology goals.</p>
  1501.  
  1502.  
  1503.  
  1504. <p>Research proposals are sought to address key challenges provided in Elements of Appendix A.8.</p>
  1505.  
  1506.  
  1507.  
  1508. <p>Notices of Intent (NOIs) are not required.</p>
  1509.  
  1510.  
  1511.  
  1512. <p>A budget breakdown for each proposal is required, detailing the allocation of the award funds by year. The budget document may adhere to any format or template provided by the applicant&#8217;s institution.</p>
  1513.  
  1514.  
  1515.  
  1516. <p></p>
  1517.  
  1518.  
  1519.  
  1520. <p><strong>Proposals were due by April 30, 2024, at 5 PM ET.</strong></p>
  1521.  
  1522.  
  1523.  
  1524. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1525.  
  1526.  
  1527.  
  1528. <p><strong>Amendment 2</strong><br><strong>UPDATED APRIL 5, 2024</strong></p>
  1529.  
  1530.  
  1531.  
  1532. <p><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument?cmdocumentid=985957&amp;solicitationId=%7bCD0E90F9-A540-10C4-8E5E-B0EC0FA18298%7d&amp;viewSolicitationDocument=1" rel="noopener">(Full text here.)</a></p>
  1533.  
  1534.  
  1535.  
  1536. <p>University Leadership Initiative (ULI) provides the opportunity for university teams to exercise technical and organizational leadership in proposing unique technical challenges in aeronautics, defining multi-disciplinary solutions, establishing peer review mechanisms, and applying innovative teaming strategies to strengthen the research impact.</p>
  1537.  
  1538.  
  1539.  
  1540. <p>Research proposals are sought in six ULI topic areas in Appendix D.4.</p>
  1541.  
  1542.  
  1543.  
  1544. <p>Topic 1: Safe, Efficient Growth in Global Operations (Strategic Thrust 1)</p>
  1545.  
  1546.  
  1547.  
  1548. <p>Topic 2: Innovation in Commercial High-Speed Aircraft (Strategic Thrust 2)</p>
  1549.  
  1550.  
  1551.  
  1552. <p>Topic 3: Ultra-Efficient Subsonic Transports (Strategic Thrust 3)</p>
  1553.  
  1554.  
  1555.  
  1556. <p>Topic 4: Safe, Quiet, and Affordable Vertical Lift Air Vehicles (Strategic Thrust 4)</p>
  1557.  
  1558.  
  1559.  
  1560. <p>Topic 5: In-Time System-Wide Safety Assurance (Strategic Thrust 5)</p>
  1561.  
  1562.  
  1563.  
  1564. <p>Topic 6: Assured Autonomy for Aviation Transformation (Strategic Thrust 6)</p>
  1565.  
  1566.  
  1567.  
  1568. <p>This NRA will utilize a two-step proposal submission and evaluation process. The initial step is a short <strong>mandatory Step-A proposal due May 29, 2024</strong>. Those offerors submitting the most highly rated Step-A proposals will be invited to submit a Step-B proposal. All proposals must be submitted electronically through NSPIRES at <a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/" rel="noopener">https://nspires.nasaprs.com</a>. An Applicant’s Workshop was held on Thursday April 3, 2024; 1:00-3:00 p.m. ET (<a href="https://uli.arc.nasa.gov/applicants-workshops/workshop8" rel="noopener">https://uli.arc.nasa.gov/applicants-workshops/workshop8</a>)</p>
  1569.  
  1570.  
  1571.  
  1572. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1573.  
  1574.  
  1575.  
  1576. <p><strong>Amendment 3</strong></p>
  1577.  
  1578.  
  1579.  
  1580. <p><strong>NEW APRIL 5, 2024</strong></p>
  1581.  
  1582.  
  1583.  
  1584. <p><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument/cmdocumentid=992037/solicitationId=%7BCD0E90F9-A540-10C4-8E5E-B0EC0FA18298%7D/viewSolicitationDocument=1/2.%20Front%20End%20ROA-%202024%20Amendment%203%20(44p).pdf" rel="noopener">(Full text here)</a></p>
  1585.  
  1586.  
  1587.  
  1588. <p>Commercial Supersonic Technology seeks proposals for a fuel injector design concept and fabrication for testing at NASA Glenn Research Center.</p>
  1589.  
  1590.  
  1591.  
  1592. <p>The proposal for the fuel injector design aims to establish current state-of-the-art in low NOx supersonic cruise while meeting reasonable landing take-off NOx emissions. The technology application timeline is targeted for a supersonic aircraft with entry into service in the 2035+ timeframe.</p>
  1593.  
  1594.  
  1595.  
  1596. <p>These efforts are in alignment with activities in the NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate as outlined in the NASA Aeronautics Strategic Implementation Plan, specifically Strategic Thrust 2: Innovation in Commercial High-Speed Aircraft.</p>
  1597.  
  1598.  
  1599.  
  1600. <p><strong>Proposals due by May 31, 2024 at 5 pm EDT.</strong></p>
  1601.  
  1602.  
  1603.  
  1604. <div style="height:50px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1605.  
  1606.  
  1607.  
  1608. <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>ROA-2023 NRA Amendments</strong></h3>
  1609.  
  1610.  
  1611.  
  1612. <div style="height:25px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>
  1613.  
  1614.  
  1615.  
  1616. <p><strong>Amendment 5</strong><br><strong>UPDATED MAY 3, 2024</strong></p>
  1617.  
  1618.  
  1619.  
  1620. <p><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument/cmdocumentid=933944/solicitationId=%7B8FEF8FEA-8C70-0880-5093-84B075E98023%7D/viewSolicitationDocument=1/3.%20ROA-2023%20USRC%20Amendment%205%20(p12).pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">(Full text here)</a></p>
  1621.  
  1622.  
  1623.  
  1624. <p>Amendment 5 to the <a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/solicitations/summary.do?solId=%7b8FEF8FEA-8C70-0880-5093-84B075E98023%7d&amp;path=&amp;method=init" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA ARMD Research Opportunities in Aeronautics (ROA) 2023</a> NRA has been posted on the <a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NSPIRES web site</a>.</p>
  1625.  
  1626.  
  1627.  
  1628. <p>University Student Research Challenge (solicitation NNH23ZEA001N-USRC) seeks to challenge students to propose new ideas/concepts that are relevant to NASA Aeronautics. USRC will provide students, from accredited U.S. colleges or universities, with grants for their projects and with the challenge of raising cost share funds through a crowdfunding campaign. The process of creating and implementing a crowdfunding campaign acts as a teaching accelerator &#8211; requiring students to act like entrepreneurs and raise awareness about their research among the public.</p>
  1629.  
  1630.  
  1631.  
  1632. <p>The solicitation goal can be accomplished through project ideas such as advancing the design, developing technology or capabilities in support of aviation, by demonstrating a novel concept, or enabling advancement of aeronautics-related technologies.</p>
  1633.  
  1634.  
  1635.  
  1636. <p>Notices of Intent (NOIs) are not required for this solicitation. Three-page proposals for the next USRC cycle are due <strong>June 20, 2024</strong>.</p>
  1637.  
  1638.  
  1639.  
  1640. <p>The USRC Cycle 4 Q&amp;A/Info Session and Proposal Workshop will be held on Monday, May 6, 2024 at 2pm ET. Please join us on TEAMS using the Meeting Link below, or call in via +1 256-715-9946,,176038745# Phone Conference ID: 176 038 745#</p>
  1641.  
  1642.  
  1643.  
  1644. <p><a href="https://teams.microsoft.com/l/meetup-join/19%3ameeting_N2M5NzhkMmEtMjU5Zi00MmM3LTg2YmItMDlhMjc5M2Q1YzY5%40thread.v2/0?context=%7b%22Tid%22%3a%227005d458-45be-48ae-8140-d43da96dd17b%22%2c%22Oid%22%3a%22831a92f6-eb15-4049-a85e-5a2b0f7a90c7%22%7d" rel="noopener">https://teams.microsoft.com/l/meetup-join/19%3ameeting_N2M5NzhkMmEtMjU5Zi00MmM3LTg2YmItMDlhMjc5M2Q1YzY5%40thread.v2/0?context=%7b%22Tid%22%3a%227005d458-45be-48ae-8140-d43da96dd17b%22%2c%22Oid%22%3a%22831a92f6-eb15-4049-a85e-5a2b0f7a90c7%22%7d</a></p>
  1645.  
  1646.  
  1647.  
  1648. <p></p>
  1649.  
  1650.  
  1651.  
  1652. <p><strong>Amendment 4 (Expired)</strong><br><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument/cmdocumentid=932611/solicitationId=%7B8FEF8FEA-8C70-0880-5093-84B075E98023%7D/viewSolicitationDocument=1/3.%20ROA-2023%20ULI%20Amendment%204.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">(Full text here)</a></p>
  1653.  
  1654.  
  1655.  
  1656. <p><strong>Amendment 3 (Expired)</strong><br><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument/cmdocumentid=931526/solicitationId=%7B8FEF8FEA-8C70-0880-5093-84B075E98023%7D/viewSolicitationDocument=1/3.%20ROA-2023%20AAVP%20Amendment%203%20(003).pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">(Full text here)</a></p>
  1657.  
  1658.  
  1659.  
  1660. <p><strong>Amendment 2 (Expired)</strong><br><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument/cmdocumentid=928988/solicitationId=%7B5F2D388E-C5CC-92D5-D797-C742D46B9524%7D/viewSolicitationDocument=1/3.%20ROA-2023%20UI%20Amendment%202_10p.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">(Full text here)</a></p>
  1661.  
  1662.  
  1663.  
  1664. <p><strong>Amendment 1 (Expired)</strong><br><a href="https://nspires.nasaprs.com/external/viewrepositorydocument/cmdocumentid=906520/solicitationId=%7B8FEF8FEA-8C70-0880-5093-84B075E98023%7D/viewSolicitationDocument=1/3%20ROA-2023%20TTT%20Amendment%201.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">(Full text here)</a></p>
  1665.  
  1666.  
  1667. <div id="" class="hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards"> <div class="grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0">
  1668. <div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3">
  1669. <div class="desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1670. <div class="label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2">Keep Exploring</div>
  1671. <h2 class="heading-36 line-height-sm">See More About NASA Aeronautics</h2>
  1672. </div>
  1673. </div>
  1674. <div class="grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper">
  1675. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/armd/aeronautics-stem/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1676. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1677. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1678. <div>
  1679. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1680. <span>Aeronautics STEM</span>
  1681. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1682. </p>
  1683. </div>
  1684. </div>
  1685. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="610" height="930" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/aero-stem-topic-card.jpg?w=610" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/aero-stem-topic-card.jpg 610w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/aero-stem-topic-card.jpg?resize=197,300 197w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/aero-stem-topic-card.jpg?resize=262,400 262w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/aero-stem-topic-card.jpg?resize=394,600 394w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/aero-stem-topic-card.jpg?resize=590,900 590w" sizes="(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px" /></figure> </div>
  1686. </a>
  1687. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/armd/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1688. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1689. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1690. <div>
  1691. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1692. <span>Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate</span>
  1693. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1694. </p>
  1695. </div>
  1696. </div>
  1697. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="610" height="930" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/armd-topic-card.jpg?w=610" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/armd-topic-card.jpg 610w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/armd-topic-card.jpg?resize=197,300 197w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/armd-topic-card.jpg?resize=262,400 262w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/armd-topic-card.jpg?resize=394,600 394w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/armd-topic-card.jpg?resize=590,900 590w" sizes="(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px" /></figure> </div>
  1698. </a>
  1699. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/history/the-national-advisory-committee-for-aeronautics-naca/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1700. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1701. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1702. <div>
  1703. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1704. <span>The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)</span>
  1705. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1706. </p>
  1707. </div>
  1708. </div>
  1709. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1041" height="815" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg?w=1041" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg 1041w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg?resize=300,235 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg?resize=768,601 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg?resize=1024,802 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg?resize=400,313 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg?resize=600,470 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/400423main_E-1152_full_full.jpg?resize=900,705 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px" /></figure> </div>
  1710. </a>
  1711. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/es/aero/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  1712. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  1713. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  1714. <div>
  1715. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  1716. <span>Aeronáutica en español</span>
  1717. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  1718. </p>
  1719. </div>
  1720. </div>
  1721. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1536" height="1187" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?w=1536" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg 1553w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=300,232 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=768,593 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=1024,791 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=1536,1187 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=400,309 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=600,464 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=900,695 900w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2016_Aero_Campaign_letter_sized_crop.jpg?resize=1200,927 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /></figure> </div>
  1722. </a>
  1723. </div>
  1724. </div>
  1725. </div>
  1726.  
  1727. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details">
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  1767. <div class="grid-col-4">
  1768. <div class="subheading">Last Updated</div>
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  1770. <div class="grid-col-8">May 03, 2024</div>
  1771. </div>
  1772. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3"><div class="grid-col-4"><div class="subheading">Editor</div></div><div class="grid-col-8">Jim Banke</div></div><div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3"><div class="grid-col-4"><div class="subheading">Contact</div></div><div class="grid-col-8"><div class="margin-bottom-3"><div>Jim Banke</div><div><a href="mailto:&#106;&#105;&#109;.&#98;&#97;nke&#64;n&#97;sa&#46;&#103;ov">&#106;im&#46;&#98;&#97;n&#107;e&#64;na&#115;&#97;&#46;&#103;o&#118;</a></div></div></div></div> </div>
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  1774. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black "><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h2 class="heading-14">Related Terms</h2></div><ul class="article-tags"><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/">Aeronautics</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics-research-mission-directorate/">Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate</a></li></ul></div></div>
  1775. </div>
  1776. </section>
  1777. </div>]]></content:encoded>
  1781. </item>
  1782. <item>
  1783. <title>Former NASA Center Director, Scientist to Receive Presidential Medals</title>
  1784. <link>https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/former-nasa-center-director-scientist-to-receive-presidential-medals/</link>
  1786. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Tiernan P. Doyle]]></dc:creator>
  1787. <pubDate>Fri, 03 May 2024 18:47:20 +0000</pubDate>
  1788. <category><![CDATA[James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)]]></category>
  1789. <category><![CDATA[Goddard Space Flight Center]]></category>
  1790. <category><![CDATA[Johnson Space Center]]></category>
  1791. <category><![CDATA[Missions]]></category>
  1792. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.nasa.gov/?post_type=press-release&#038;p=657581</guid>
  1793.  
  1794. <description><![CDATA[President Joe Biden will present Dr. Ellen Ochoa, former center director and astronaut at the agency’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, and Dr. Jane Rigby, senior project scientist for NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, each with the Presidential Medal of Freedom Friday in a ceremony at the White House in Washington. The Presidential Medal of [&#8230;]]]></description>
  1795. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg?w=1024" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 55% 92%; object-position: 55% 92%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/52308729689-a0449d5ce4-b.jpg?resize=900,600 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Medals of Freedom are displayed Thursday, July 7, 2022, before a ceremony at the White House. (Official White House Photo by Cameron Smith)</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  1796.  
  1797.  
  1798. <p>President Joe Biden will present Dr. Ellen Ochoa, former center director and astronaut at the agency’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, and Dr. Jane Rigby, senior project scientist for NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, each with the Presidential Medal of Freedom Friday in a ceremony at the White House in Washington.</p>
  1799.  
  1800.  
  1801.  
  1802. <p>The <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2024/05/03/president-biden-announces-recipients-of-the-presidential-medal-of-freedom-2/" rel="noopener">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> is the nation’s highest civilian honor award, and these two NASA recipients are among the 19 awardees announced May 3. Ochoa is recognized for her leadership at NASA Johnson and as the first Hispanic woman in space, and Rigby is recognized for her work on leading NASA’s transformational space telescope.</p>
  1803.  
  1804.  
  1805.  
  1806. <p>&#8220;I am proud Ellen and Jane are recognized for their incredible roles in NASA missions, for sharing the power of science with humanity, and inspiring the Artemis Generation to look to the stars,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “Among her many accomplishments as a veteran astronaut and leader, Ellen served as the second female director of Johnson, flew in space four times, and logged nearly 1,000 hours in orbit. Jane is one of the many wizards at NASA who work every day to make the impossible, possible. The James Webb Space Telescope represents the very best of scientific discovery that will continue to unfold the secrets of our universe. We appreciate Ellen and Jane for their service to NASA, and our country.”</p>
  1807.  
  1808.  
  1809.  
  1810. <p><strong>Dr. Ellen Ochoa</strong></p>
  1811.  
  1812.  
  1813. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1141" height="754" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png?w=1141" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 49% 32%; object-position: 49% 32%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png 1141w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png?resize=300,198 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png?resize=768,508 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png?resize=1024,677 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png?resize=400,264 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png?resize=600,396 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ellen1.png?resize=900,595 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1141px) 100vw, 1141px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Credit: The White House</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  1814.  
  1815.  
  1816. <p>Ochoa retired from NASA in 2018 after more than 30 years with the agency. In addition to being an astronaut, she served a variety of positions over the years, including the 11th director of NASA Johnson, Johnson deputy center director, and director of Flight Crew Operations.</p>
  1817.  
  1818.  
  1819.  
  1820. <p>She joined the agency in 1988 as a research engineer at NASA’s Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley, California, and moved to NASA Johnson in 1990 when she was selected as an astronaut.&nbsp;Ochoa became the first Hispanic woman to go to space when she served on the nine-day STS-56 mission aboard the space shuttle Discovery in 1993. She flew in space four times, including STS-66, STS-96 and STS-110.</p>
  1821.  
  1822.  
  1823.  
  1824. <p>Born in California, Ochoa earned a bachelor’s degree in Physics from San Diego State University and a master’s degree and doctorate in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University.&nbsp;As a research engineer at Sandia National Laboratories and NASA Ames Research Center, Ochoa investigated optical systems for performing information processing. She is a co-inventor on three patents and author of several technical papers.</p>
  1825.  
  1826.  
  1827.  
  1828. <p>“Wow, what an unexpected and amazing honor! I’m so grateful for all my amazing NASA colleagues who shared my career journey with me,” said Ochoa upon hearing the news of her Presidential Medal of Freedom award.</p>
  1829.  
  1830.  
  1831.  
  1832. <p>During her career, Ochoa also received NASA’s highest award, the Distinguished Service Medal, and the Presidential Distinguished Rank Award for senior executives in the federal government. She has received many other awards and is especially honored to have seven schools named for her.</p>
  1833.  
  1834.  
  1835.  
  1836. <p>Ochoa also is a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and formerly chaired both the National Science Board and the Nomination Evaluation Committee for the National Medal of Technology and Innovation. &nbsp;</p>
  1837.  
  1838.  
  1839.  
  1840. <p><strong>Dr. Jane Rigby</strong></p>
  1841.  
  1842.  
  1843. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="2048" height="1365" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?w=2048" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 58% 4%; object-position: 58% 4%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg 3000w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/janerigby.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">Credit: The White House</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  1844.  
  1845.  
  1846. <p>Rigby, who was born and raised in Delaware, is honored with the Medal of Freedom for her role in the success of NASA’s Webb mission – the largest, most powerful space telescope launched on Dec. 25, 2021 – as well as her longtime support of diversity and inclusion in science.</p>
  1847.  
  1848.  
  1849.  
  1850. <p>She is an astrophysicist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. She provides scientific leadership for Webb, which has made pioneering discoveries about the secrets of our universe and inspired the world in its first two years of science operations. Rigby worked on the development of Webb for many years, and subsequently led the characterization of Webb’s science performance, which now is exceeding expectations, and frequently shares the progress of Webb science with the public.</p>
  1851.  
  1852.  
  1853.  
  1854. <p>“Webb has become a symbol not only of technical excellence and scientific discovery, but also of how much humanity can accomplish when we all work together,” Rigby said. “I&#8217;m so proud and grateful to lead the amazing Webb team.”</p>
  1855.  
  1856.  
  1857.  
  1858. <p>Rigby is an active researcher, developing new techniques to better understand how galaxies evolve over time and form stars. She has published 160 peer-reviewed publications and has been recognized with awards such as NASA’s Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal, the Fred Kavli Prize Plenary Lecture from the American Astronomical Society (AAS), and the 2022 LGBTQ+ Scientist of the Year from Out to Innovate.</p>
  1859.  
  1860.  
  1861.  
  1862. <p>&#8220;Thousands of people around the world came together to build Webb,” said Rigby. “The engineers who built and deployed Webb were critical to Webb&#8217;s success, and now thousands of scientists around the world are using Webb to make discovery after discovery.&#8221; To represent those contributions, in addition to inviting her family to the Medal of Freedom ceremony, Rigby invited her colleague Mike Menzel, Webb lead mission systems engineer at NASA Goddard, and Dr. Kelsey Johnson, president of the American Astronomical Society.</p>
  1863.  
  1864.  
  1865.  
  1866. <p>Rigby also serves as a trustee of the AAS and was a founding member of the AAS Committee for Sexual-Orientation and Gender Minorities in Astronomy. She holds a doctorate in Astronomy from the University of Arizona, as well as a bachelor’s degree in Physics, as well as another in Astronomy and Astrophysics from Penn State University.</p>
  1867.  
  1868.  
  1869.  
  1870. <p>NASA’s <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/webb" rel="noopener">James Webb Space Telescope</a> is the world’s premier space science observatory. Webb is solving mysteries in our solar system, looking beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probing the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and CSA (Canadian Space Agency).</p>
  1871.  
  1872.  
  1873.  
  1874. <p>Learn more about NASA’s missions at:</p>
  1875.  
  1876.  
  1877.  
  1878. <p class="has-text-align-center"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov "><strong>https://www.nasa.gov </strong></a></p>
  1879.  
  1880.  
  1881.  
  1882. <p class="has-text-align-center">-end-</p>
  1883.  
  1884.  
  1885.  
  1886. <p>Cheryl Warner / Karen Fox<br>Headquarters, Washington<br>202-358-1600<br><a href="mailto:cheryl.m.warner@nasa.gov">cheryl.m.warner@nasa.gov</a> / <a href="mailto:karen.c.fox@nasa.gov">karen.c.fox@nasa.gov</a></p>
  1887.  
  1888.  
  1889.  
  1890. <p>Laura Betz<br>Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.<br>301-286-9030<br><a href="mailto:laura.e.betz@nasa.gov">laura.e.betz@nasa.gov</a></p>
  1891.  
  1892.  
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  1932. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3">
  1933. <div class="grid-col-4">
  1934. <div class="subheading">Last Updated</div>
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  1936. <div class="grid-col-8">May 06, 2024</div>
  1937. </div>
  1938. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3"><div class="grid-col-4"><div class="subheading">Editor</div></div><div class="grid-col-8">Tiernan P. Doyle</div></div><div class="grid-row"><div class="grid-col-4"><div class="subheading">Location</div></div><div class="grid-col-8"><a class="hds-location-tag-name" href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-headquarters/"><span class="hds-meta-heading">NASA Headquarters</span></a></div></div> </div>
  1939. </div>
  1940. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black "><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h2 class="heading-14">Related Terms</h2></div><ul class="article-tags"><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb" rel="noopener">James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/goddard/">Goddard Space Flight Center</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/johnson/">Johnson Space Center</a></li><li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-missions/">Missions</a></li></ul></div></div>
  1941. </div>
  1942. </section>
  1943. </div>]]></content:encoded>
  1947. </item>
  1948. <item>
  1949. <title>A Moonlit Trio</title>
  1950. <link>https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/a-moonlit-trio/</link>
  1952. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Monika Luabeya]]></dc:creator>
  1953. <pubDate>Fri, 03 May 2024 17:41:59 +0000</pubDate>
  1954. <category><![CDATA[Earth's Moon]]></category>
  1955. <category><![CDATA[Jupiter]]></category>
  1956. <category><![CDATA[Saturn]]></category>
  1957. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.nasa.gov/?post_type=image-article&#038;p=657526</guid>
  1958.  
  1959. <description><![CDATA[The Moon (left), Saturn, and Jupiter (lower right; Saturn is above and to the left of Jupiter) were seen in the sky above the Washington Memorial on Dec. 17, 2020. At the time, Saturn and Jupiter were nearing each other in the sky, culminating in a “great conjunction” on Dec. 21, where they appeared a [&#8230;]]]></description>
  1960. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none "><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1919" height="1919" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?w=1919" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="The Washington Monument - a tall, white rectangular monument with a pyramid at the top - is in the center of this image. The Moon (left), Saturn (upper right), and Jupiter (lower right) are in the night sky." style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg 1919w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=768,768 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=1536,1536 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=600,600 600w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=900,900 900w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/nhq202012170005large.jpg?resize=1200,1200 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2"><div class="hds-credits">NASA/Bill Ingalls</div></figcaption></div></div></div>
  1961.  
  1962.  
  1963. <p>The Moon (left), Saturn, and Jupiter (lower right; Saturn is above and to the left of Jupiter) were seen in the sky above the Washington Memorial on Dec. 17, 2020. At the time, Saturn and Jupiter were nearing each other in the sky, culminating in a “great conjunction” on Dec. 21, where they appeared a tenth of a degree apart.</p>
  1964.  
  1965.  
  1966.  
  1967. <p>Great conjunctions between Jupiter and Saturn happen every 20 years, making the planets appear to be close to one another. This closeness occurs because Jupiter orbits the Sun every 12 years, while Saturn’s orbit takes 30 years, causing Jupiter to catch up to Saturn every couple of decades as viewed from Earth.</p>
  1968.  
  1969.  
  1970.  
  1971. <p>The last great conjunction was even more special: Jupiter and Saturn had not appeared that close in the sky to each other since 1623.</p>
  1972.  
  1973.  
  1974.  
  1975. <p>For skywatching tips, visit <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/skywatching/whats-up/" data-type="link" data-id="https://science.nasa.gov/skywatching/whats-up/" rel="noopener">What&#8217;s Up</a>.</p>
  1976.  
  1977.  
  1978.  
  1979. <p><em>Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls</em></p>
  1980. ]]></content:encoded>
  1984. </item>
  1985. <item>
  1986. <title>Hubble Hunts Visible Light Sources of X-Rays</title>
  1987. <link>https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-hunts-visible-light-sources-of-x-rays/</link>
  1989. <dc:creator><![CDATA[]]></dc:creator>
  1990. <pubDate>Fri, 03 May 2024 11:02:32 +0000</pubDate>
  1991. <category><![CDATA[Astrophysics]]></category>
  1992. <category><![CDATA[Astrophysics Division]]></category>
  1993. <category><![CDATA[Galaxies]]></category>
  1994. <category><![CDATA[Hubble Space Telescope]]></category>
  1995. <category><![CDATA[Missions]]></category>
  1996. <category><![CDATA[Spiral Galaxies]]></category>
  1997. <category><![CDATA[The Universe]]></category>
  1998. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-hunts-visible-light-sources-of-x-rays/</guid>
  1999.  
  2000. <description><![CDATA[This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features the dwarf galaxy IC 776. This swirling collection of new and old stars is located in the constellation Virgo, in the Virgo galaxy cluster, 100 million light-years from Earth. Although IC 776 is a dwarf galaxy, it’s also classified as a SAB-type or ‘weakly barred’ spiral. This highly […]]]></description>
  2001. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="" class="padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro">
  2002. <div class="width-full maxw-full article-header">
  2003. <div class="margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full">
  2004. <p class="label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0">2 min read</p>
  2005. <h1 class="display-48 margin-bottom-2">Hubble Hunts Visible Light Sources of X-Rays</h1>
  2006. </div>
  2007. </div>
  2008. </div>
  2009. <div id="" class="hds-media hds-module wp-block-image">
  2010. <div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline">
  2011. <div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto">
  2012. <figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit "><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg" rel="noopener"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="2048" height="2048" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?w=2048" class="attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg 2608w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=768,768 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=1536,1536 1536w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=2048,2048 2048w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=600,600 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=900,900 900w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=1200,1200 1200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/hubble-ic776-potw2418a.jpg?resize=2000,2000 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px" loading="eager" /></a></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-y-2">
  2013. <div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features the dwarf galaxy IC 776. </div>
  2014. <div class="hds-credits">ESA/Hubble &#038; NASA, M. Sun</div>
  2015. </figcaption></div>
  2016. </div>
  2017. </div>
  2018. <p>This NASA/ESA <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/" rel="noopener">Hubble Space Telescope</a> image features the dwarf galaxy IC 776. This swirling collection of new and old stars is located in the constellation Virgo, in the Virgo galaxy cluster, 100 million light-years from Earth. Although IC 776 is a dwarf galaxy, it’s also classified as a SAB-type or ‘weakly barred’ spiral. This highly detailed Hubble view demonstrates that complexity. IC 776 has a ragged, disturbed disc that appears to spiral around the core with arcs of star-forming regions.</p>
  2019. <p>The image is from an observation program dedicated to the study of dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster that is searching for the visible light emissions from sources of X-rays in these galaxies. X-rays are often emitted by accretion discs, where material that is drawn into a compact object by gravity crashes together and forms a hot, glowing disc. The compact object can be a white dwarf or neutron star in a binary pair that is stealing material from its companion star, or it can be the supermassive black hole at the heart of a galaxy devouring material around it. Dwarf galaxies like IC 776, traveling through the Virgo cluster, experience pressure from intergalactic gas that is similar to the pressure you feel from air hitting your face when you ride a bicycle. This intergalactic gas pressure can both stimulate star formation and feed the central black hole in a galaxy. As more material swirls down toward the black hole, it creates an energetic accretion disc, hot enough to emit X-rays.</p>
  2020. <p>While Hubble is not able to see X-rays, it can coordinate with X-ray telescopes such as NASA’s <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/chandra/" rel="noopener">Chandra X-Ray Observatory</a>, revealing the sources of this radiation in high resolution using visible light. Dwarf galaxies are very important to our understanding of cosmology and the evolution of galaxies. As with many areas of astronomy, the ability to examine these galaxies across the electromagnetic spectrum is critical to their study.</p>
  2021. <p><strong>Text Credit: European Space Agency (ESA)</strong></p>
  2022. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link">
  2023. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/image-detail/hubble-ic776-potw2418a/" target="_self" class="button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true" aria-label="Download this image" rel="noopener"><br />
  2024. <span class="line-height-alt-1">Download this image</span><br />
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  2026. </a></p></div>
  2027. <p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline">Media Contact</span>:</strong></p>
  2028. <p><strong>Claire Andreoli</strong><br /><strong>NASA’s </strong><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/goddard"><strong>Goddard Space Flight Center</strong></a>, <strong>Greenbelt, MD</strong><br /><a href="mailto:claire.andreoli@nasa.gov" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>claire.andreoli@nasa.gov</strong></a></p>
  2029. <div id="" class="nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details">
  2030. <section class="padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9">
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  2035. <h2 class="heading-14">Share</h2>
  2036. </p></div>
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  2040. <a href="https://x.com/intent/tweet?via=NASA&#038;text=Hubble%20Hunts%20Visible%20Light%20Sources%20of%20X-Rays&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fmissions%2Fhubble%2Fhubble-hunts-visible-light-sources-of-x-rays%2F" aria-label="Share on X."><br />
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  2050. <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&#038;url=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fmissions%2Fhubble%2Fhubble-hunts-visible-light-sources-of-x-rays%2F" aria-label="Share on LinkedIn." rel="noopener"><br />
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  2054. <li class="social-icon social-icon-rss">
  2055. <a href="/feed/" aria-label="Subscribe to RSS feed."><br />
  2056. <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 800 800" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z"/><circle cx="219" cy="581" r="71"/></svg><br />
  2057. </a>
  2058. </li>
  2059. </ul></div>
  2060. </p></div>
  2061. </p></div>
  2062. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  2063. <div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black">
  2064. <div class="margin-bottom-2">
  2065. <h2 class="heading-14">Details</h2>
  2066. </p></div>
  2067. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3">
  2068. <div class="grid-col-4">
  2069. <div class="subheading">Last Updated</div>
  2070. </p></div>
  2071. <div class="grid-col-8">May 03, 2024</div>
  2072. </p></div>
  2073. <div class="grid-row margin-bottom-3">
  2074. <div class="grid-col-4">
  2075. <div class="subheading">Editor</div>
  2076. </div>
  2077. <div class="grid-col-8">Andrea Gianopoulos</div>
  2078. </div>
  2079. <div class="grid-row">
  2080. <div class="grid-col-4">
  2081. <div class="subheading">Location</div>
  2082. </div>
  2083. <div class="grid-col-8">Goddard Space Flight Center</div>
  2084. </div></div>
  2085. </p></div>
  2086. <div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  2087. <div class="padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black ">
  2088. <div class="margin-bottom-2">
  2089. <h2 class="heading-14">Related Terms</h2>
  2090. </div>
  2091. <ul class="article-tags">
  2092. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/" rel="noopener">Astrophysics</a></li>
  2093. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/" rel="noopener">Astrophysics Division</a></li>
  2094. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/" rel="noopener">Galaxies</a></li>
  2095. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble" rel="noopener">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li>
  2096. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-missions/">Missions</a></li>
  2097. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/category/universe/galaxies/spiral-galaxies/" rel="noopener">Spiral Galaxies</a></li>
  2098. <li class="article-tag"><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/" rel="noopener">The Universe</a></li>
  2099. </ul>
  2100. </div>
  2101. </div></div>
  2102. </section></div>
  2103. <div id="" class="hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards">
  2104. <div class="grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0">
  2105. <div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3">
  2106. <div class="desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0">
  2107. <div class="label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2">Keep Exploring</div>
  2108. <h2 class="heading-36 line-height-sm">Discover More Topics From NASA</h2>
  2109. </p></div>
  2110. </p></div>
  2111. <div class="grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper">
  2112. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/hubble/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  2113. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  2114. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  2115. <div>
  2116. <h3 class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  2117. <span>Hubble Space Telescope</span><br />
  2118. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg><br />
  2119. </h3>
  2120. <p class="margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important">Since its 1990 launch, the Hubble Space Telescope has changed our fundamental understanding of the universe.</p>
  2121. </p></div>
  2122. </p></div>
  2123. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1512" height="1536" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?w=1512" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg 4031w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=295,300 295w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=768,780 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1008,1024 1008w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1512,1536 1512w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=2016,2048 2016w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=394,400 394w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=591,600 591w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=886,900 886w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1181,1200 1181w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/hubble-space-telescope-hst-6.jpg?resize=1969,2000 1969w" sizes="(max-width: 1512px) 100vw, 1512px" /></figure>
  2124. </p></div>
  2125. <p> </a><br />
  2126. <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0" rel="noopener"></p>
  2127. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  2128. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  2129. <div>
  2130. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  2131. <span>Galaxies</span><br />
  2132. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  2133. </p>
  2134. </p></div>
  2135. </p></div>
  2136. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="938" src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1200" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" block_context="nasa-block" srcset="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp 1200w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=300,235 300w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=768,600 768w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=1024,800 1024w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=400,313 400w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=600,469 600w, https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?resize=900,704 900w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></figure>
  2137. </p></div>
  2138. <p> </a><br />
  2139. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/chandra-spacecraft-and-instruments/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></p>
  2140. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  2141. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  2142. <div>
  2143. <h3 class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  2144. <span>Chandra Spacecraft and Instruments</span><br />
  2145. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg><br />
  2146. </h3>
  2147. <p class="margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important">Chandra Spacecraft and Instruments The Chandra telescope system consists of four pairs of mirrors and their support structure. X-ray telescopes must be…</p>
  2148. </p></div>
  2149. </p></div>
  2150. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/craft-lable-0.jpg" ></figure>
  2151. </p></div>
  2152. <p> </a><br />
  2153. <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/goddard/" class="mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></p>
  2154. <div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black">
  2155. <div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200">
  2156. <div>
  2157. <p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1">
  2158. <span>Goddard Space Flight Center</span><br />
  2159. <svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg>
  2160. </p>
  2161. </p></div>
  2162. </p></div>
  2163. <figure class="hds-media-background  "><img decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="" style="transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;" src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/goddard-center.jpg" ></figure>
  2164. </p></div>
  2165. <p> </a>
  2166. </div>
  2167. </p></div>
  2168. </p></div>
  2169. ]]></content:encoded>
  2173. </item>
  2174. </channel>
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