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...  Humans in Denmark, Finland, and Germany</title>
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Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu

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<title>veterinary medicine university of helsinki</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rss-feed/?feed_id=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414&utm_medium=rss&ff=20240502090752&utm_source=Feedvalidator</link>
<description>veterinary medicine university of helsinki: Latest results from PubMed</description>
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<pubDate>Wed, 01 May 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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<item>
<title>Wastewater-based surveillance is an efficient monitoring tool for tracking influenza A in the community</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38692254/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Around the world, influenza A virus has caused severe pandemics, and the risk of future pandemics remains high. Currently, influenza A virus surveillance is based on the clinical diagnosis and reporting of disease cases. In this study, we apply wastewater-based surveillance to monitor the amount of the influenza A virus RNA at the population level. We report the influenza A virus RNA levels in 10 wastewater treatment plant catchment areas covering 40 % of the Finnish population. Altogether, 251...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Water Res. 2024 Apr 20;257:121650. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121650. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAround the world, influenza A virus has caused severe pandemics, and the risk of future pandemics remains high. Currently, influenza A virus surveillance is based on the clinical diagnosis and reporting of disease cases. In this study, we apply wastewater-based surveillance to monitor the amount of the influenza A virus RNA at the population level. We report the influenza A virus RNA levels in 10 wastewater treatment plant catchment areas covering 40 % of the Finnish population. Altogether, 251 monthly composite influent wastewater samples (collected between February 2021 and February 2023) were analysed from supernatant fraction using influenza A virus specific RT-qPCR method. During the study period, an influenza A virus epidemic occurred in three waves in Finland. This study shows that the influenza A virus RNA can be detected from the supernatant fraction of 24 h composite influent wastewater samples. The influenza A virus RNA gene copy number in wastewater correlated with the number of confirmed disease cases in the Finnish National Infectious Diseases Register. The median Kendall's τ correlation strength was 0.636 (min= 0.486 and max=0.804) and it was statistically significant in all 10 WTTPs. Wastewater-based surveillance of the influenza A virus RNA is an independent from individual testing method and cost-efficiently reflects the circulation of the virus in the entire population. Thus, wastewater monitoring complements the available, but often too sparse, information from individual testing and improves health care and public health preparedness for influenza A virus pandemics.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38692254/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38692254</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.121650>10.1016/j.watres.2024.121650</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38692254</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 01 May 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Kirsi-Maarit Lehto</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Annika Länsivaara</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Rafiqul Hyder</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Oskari Luomala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anssi Lipponen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna-Maria Hokajärvi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Annamari Heikinheimo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Pitkänen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sami Oikarinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>WastPan Study Group</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-05-01</dc:date>
<dc:source>Water research</dc:source>
<dc:title>Wastewater-based surveillance is an efficient monitoring tool for tracking influenza A in the community</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38692254</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.watres.2024.121650</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Evolution of triclosan resistance modulates bacterial permissiveness to multidrug resistance plasmids and phages</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38688912/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>The horizontal transfer of plasmids has been recognized as one of the key drivers for the worldwide spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across bacterial pathogens. However, knowledge remain limited about the contribution made by environmental stress on the evolution of bacterial AMR by modulating horizontal acquisition of AMR plasmids and other mobile genetic elements. Here we combined experimental evolution, whole genome sequencing, reverse genetic engineering, and transcriptomics to...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Nat Commun. 2024 Apr 30;15(1):3654. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48006-9.ABSTRACTThe horizontal transfer of plasmids has been recognized as one of the key drivers for the worldwide spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across bacterial pathogens. However, knowledge remain limited about the contribution made by environmental stress on the evolution of bacterial AMR by modulating horizontal acquisition of AMR plasmids and other mobile genetic elements. Here we combined experimental evolution, whole genome sequencing, reverse genetic engineering, and transcriptomics to examine if the evolution of chromosomal AMR to triclosan (TCS) disinfectant has correlated effects on modulating bacterial pathogen (Klebsiella pneumoniae) permissiveness to AMR plasmids and phage susceptibility. Herein, we show that TCS exposure increases the evolvability of K. pneumoniae to evolve TCS-resistant mutants (TRMs) by acquiring mutations and altered expression of several genes previously associated with TCS and antibiotic resistance. Notably, nsrR deletion increases conjugation permissiveness of K. pneumoniae to four AMR plasmids, and enhances susceptibility to various Klebsiella-specific phages through the downregulation of several bacterial defense systems and changes in membrane potential with altered reactive oxygen species response. Our findings suggest that unrestricted use of TCS disinfectant imposes a dual impact on bacterial antibiotic resistance by augmenting both chromosomally and horizontally acquired AMR mechanisms.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38688912/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38688912</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48006-9>10.1038/s41467-024-48006-9</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38688912</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Qiu E Yang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Xiaodan Ma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Minchun Li</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mengshi Zhao</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lingshuang Zeng</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Minzhen He</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hui Deng</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hanpeng Liao</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christopher Rensing</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ville-Petri Friman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Shungui Zhou</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Timothy R Walsh</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-30</dc:date>
<dc:source>Nature communications</dc:source>
<dc:title>Evolution of triclosan resistance modulates bacterial permissiveness to multidrug resistance plasmids and phages</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38688912</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/s41467-024-48006-9</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Epistasis, core-genome disharmony, and adaptation in recombining bacteria</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38683013/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Recombination of short DNA fragments via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) can introduce beneficial alleles, create genomic disharmony through negative epistasis, and create adaptive gene combinations through positive epistasis. For non-core (accessory) genes, the negative epistatic cost is likely to be minimal because the incoming genes have not co-evolved with the recipient genome and are frequently observed as tightly linked cassettes with major effects. By contrast, interspecific recombination...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>mBio. 2024 Apr 29:e0058124. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00581-24. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRecombination of short DNA fragments via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) can introduce beneficial alleles, create genomic disharmony through negative epistasis, and create adaptive gene combinations through positive epistasis. For non-core (accessory) genes, the negative epistatic cost is likely to be minimal because the incoming genes have not co-evolved with the recipient genome and are frequently observed as tightly linked cassettes with major effects. By contrast, interspecific recombination in the core genome is expected to be rare because disruptive allelic replacement is likely to introduce negative epistasis. Why then is homologous recombination common in the core of bacterial genomes? To understand this enigma, we take advantage of an exceptional model system, the common enteric pathogens Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli that are known for very high magnitude interspecies gene flow in the core genome. As expected, HGT does indeed disrupt co-adapted allele pairings, indirect evidence of negative epistasis. However, multiple HGT events enable recovery of the genome's co-adaption between introgressing alleles, even in core metabolism genes (e.g., formate dehydrogenase). These findings demonstrate that, even for complex traits, genetic coalitions can be decoupled, transferred, and independently reinstated in a new genetic background-facilitating transition between fitness peaks. In this example, the two-step recombinational process is associated with C. coli that are adapted to the agricultural niche.IMPORTANCEGenetic exchange among bacteria shapes the microbial world. From the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes to fundamental questions about the nature of bacterial species, this powerful evolutionary force has preoccupied scientists for decades. However, the mixing of genes between species rests on a paradox: 0n one hand, promoting adaptation by conferring novel functionality; on the other, potentially introducing disharmonious gene combinations (negative epistasis) that will be selected against. Taking an interdisciplinary approach to analyze natural populations of the enteric bacteria Campylobacter, an ideal example of long-range admixture, we demonstrate that genes can independently transfer across species boundaries and rejoin in functional networks in a recipient genome. The positive impact of two-gene interactions appears to be adaptive by expanding metabolic capacity and facilitating niche shifts through interspecific hybridization. This challenges conventional ideas and highlights the possibility of multiple-step evolution of multi-gene traits by interspecific introgression.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38683013/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38683013</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00581-24>10.1128/mbio.00581-24</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
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<pubDate>Mon, 29 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Aidan J Taylor</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Koji Yahara</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ben Pascoe</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Seungwon Ko</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Leonardos Mageiros</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Evangelos Mourkas</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jessica K Calland</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Santeri Puranen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Matthew D Hitchings</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Keith A Jolley</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Carolin M Kobras</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sion Bayliss</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nicola J Williams</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Arnoud H M van Vliet</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Julian Parkhill</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Martin C J Maiden</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jukka Corander</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Laurence D Hurst</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Daniel Falush</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paul Keim</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Xavier Didelot</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>David J Kelly</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Samuel K Sheppard</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-29</dc:date>
<dc:source>mBio</dc:source>
<dc:title>Epistasis, core-genome disharmony, and adaptation in recombining bacteria</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38683013</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1128/mbio.00581-24</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Comparison of IncK-blaCMY-2 Plasmids in Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry and Humans in Denmark, Finland, and Germany</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38667025/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Escherichia coli carrying IncK-bla(CMY-2) plasmids mediating resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) has been frequently described in food-producing animals and in humans. This study aimed to characterize IncK-bla(CMY-2)-positive ESC-resistant E. coli isolates from poultry production systems in Denmark, Finland, and Germany, as well as from Danish human blood infections, and further compare their plasmids. Whole-genome sequencing (Illumina) of all isolates (n = 46) confirmed the...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Antibiotics (Basel). 2024 Apr 10;13(4):349. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics13040349.ABSTRACTEscherichia coli carrying IncK-blaCMY-2 plasmids mediating resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) has been frequently described in food-producing animals and in humans. This study aimed to characterize IncK-blaCMY-2-positive ESC-resistant E. coli isolates from poultry production systems in Denmark, Finland, and Germany, as well as from Danish human blood infections, and further compare their plasmids. Whole-genome sequencing (Illumina) of all isolates (n = 46) confirmed the presence of the blaCMY-2 gene. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing revealed a resistant phenotype to cefotaxime as well as resistance to ≥3 antibiotic classes. Conjugative transfer of the blaCMY-2 gene confirmed the resistance being on mobile plasmids. Pangenome analysis showed only one-third of the genes being in the core with the remainder being in the large accessory gene pool. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis on sequence type (ST) 429 and 1286 isolates showed between 0-60 and 13-90 SNP differences, respectively, indicating vertical transmission of closely related clones in the poultry production, including among Danish, Finnish, and German ST429 isolates. A comparison of 22 ST429 isolates from this study with 80 ST429 isolates in Enterobase revealed the widespread geographical occurrence of related isolates associated with poultry production. Long-read sequencing of a representative subset of isolates (n = 28) allowed further characterization and comparison of the IncK-blaCMY-2 plasmids with publicly available plasmid sequences. This analysis revealed the presence of highly similar plasmids in ESC-resistant E. coli from Denmark, Finland, and Germany pointing to the existence of common sources. Moreover, the analysis presented evidence of global plasmid transmission and evolution. Lastly, our results indicate that IncK-blaCMY-2 plasmids and their carriers had been circulating in the Danish production chain with an associated risk of spreading to humans, as exemplified by the similarity of the clinical ST429 isolate to poultry isolates. Its persistence may be driven by co-selection since most IncK-blaCMY-2 plasmids harbor resistance factors to drugs used in veterinary medicine.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38667025/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38667025</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11047599/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11047599</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13040349>10.3390/antibiotics13040349</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
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<pubDate>Fri, 26 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Meiyao Che</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ana Herrero Fresno</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Cristina Calvo-Fernandez</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Henrik Hasman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paula E Kurittu</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Annamari Heikinheimo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-26</dc:date>
<dc:source>Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Comparison of IncK-blaCMY-2 Plasmids in Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry and Humans in Denmark, Finland, and Germany</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38667025</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11047599</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/antibiotics13040349</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Scenario-based assessment of fecal pathogen sources affecting bathing water quality: novel treatment options to reduce norovirus and Campylobacter infection risks</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38628869/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Wastewater discharge and runoff waters are significant sources of human and animal fecal microbes in surface waters. Human-derived fecal contamination of water is generally estimated to pose a greater risk to human health than animal fecal contamination, but animals may serve as reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. In this study, quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) tools were used to evaluate the hygienic impact of sewage effluents and runoff water from municipalities and animal farms on...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Front Microbiol. 2024 Apr 2;15:1353798. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353798. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTWastewater discharge and runoff waters are significant sources of human and animal fecal microbes in surface waters. Human-derived fecal contamination of water is generally estimated to pose a greater risk to human health than animal fecal contamination, but animals may serve as reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. In this study, quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) tools were used to evaluate the hygienic impact of sewage effluents and runoff water from municipalities and animal farms on surface and bathing waters. The human-specific microbial source tracking (MST) marker HF183 was used to evaluate the dilution of fecal pathogens originating from the sewage effluent discharge to the downstream watershed. As novel risk management options, the efficiency of UV-LED disinfection and wetland treatment as well as biochar filtration was tested on-site for the contamination sources. According to the dilution pattern of the MST marker HF183, microbes from wastewater were diluted (2.3-3.7 log10) in the receiving waters. The scenario-based QMRA revealed, that the health risks posed by exposure to human-specific norovirus GII and zoonotic Campylobacter jejuni during the bathing events were evaluated. The risk for gastroenteritis was found to be elevated during wastewater contamination events, where especially norovirus GII infection risk increased (1-15 cases per day among 50 bathers) compared with the business as usual (BAU) situation (1 case per day). The noted C. jejuni infection risk was associated with animal farm contamination (1 case per day, versus 0.2-0.6 cases during BAU). Tertiary treatment of wastewater with wetland treatment and UV-LED disinfection effectively reduced the waterborne gastroenteritis risks associated with bathing. Based on the experiences from this study, a QMRA-based approach for health risk evaluations at bathing sites can be useful and is recommended for bathing site risk assessments in the future. In case of low pathogen numbers at the exposure sites, the MST marker HF183 could be used as a pathogen dilution coefficient for the watershed under evaluation. The full-scale implementation of novel tertiary treatment options at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as well as on-site runoff water treatment options should be considered for infection risk management at locations where scenario-based QMRA implies elevated infection risks.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38628869/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38628869</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11018956/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11018956</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353798>10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353798</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
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<pubDate>Wed, 17 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Annastiina Rytkönen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Päivi Meriläinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kristiina Valkama</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna-Maria Hokajärvi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Josefiina Ruponen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jarkko Nummela</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Harri Mattila</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tiina Tulonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Rauni Kivistö</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Pitkänen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-17</dc:date>
<dc:source>Frontiers in microbiology</dc:source>
<dc:title>Scenario-based assessment of fecal pathogen sources affecting bathing water quality: novel treatment options to reduce norovirus and Campylobacter infection risks</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38628869</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11018956</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353798</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Hyperactive STAT5 hijacks T cell receptor signaling and drives immature T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38618957/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive immature T cell cancer. Mutations in IL7R have been analyzed genetically, but downstream effector functions such as STAT5A and STAT5B hyperactivation are poorly understood. Here, we studied the most frequent and clinically challenging STAT5BN642H driver in T cell development and immature T cell cancer onset and compared it with STAT5A hyperactive variants in transgenic mice. Enhanced STAT5 activity caused disrupted T cell development...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Clin Invest. 2024 Apr 15;134(8):e168536. doi: 10.1172/JCI168536.ABSTRACTT cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive immature T cell cancer. Mutations in IL7R have been analyzed genetically, but downstream effector functions such as STAT5A and STAT5B hyperactivation are poorly understood. Here, we studied the most frequent and clinically challenging STAT5BN642H driver in T cell development and immature T cell cancer onset and compared it with STAT5A hyperactive variants in transgenic mice. Enhanced STAT5 activity caused disrupted T cell development and promoted an early T cell progenitor-ALL phenotype, with upregulation of genes involved in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling, even in absence of surface TCR. Importantly, TCR pathway genes were overexpressed in human T-ALL and mature T cell cancers and activation of TCR pathway kinases was STAT5 dependent. We confirmed STAT5 binding to these genes using ChIP-Seq analysis in human T-ALL cells, which were sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition by dual STAT3/5 degraders or ZAP70 tyrosine kinase blockers in vitro and in vivo. We provide genetic and biochemical proof that STAT5A and STAT5B hyperactivation can initiate T-ALL through TCR pathway hijacking and suggest similar mechanisms for other T cell cancers. Thus, STAT5 or TCR component blockade are targeted therapy options, particularly in patients with chemoresistant clones carrying STAT5BN642H.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38618957/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38618957</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11014662/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11014662</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI168536>10.1172/JCI168536</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38618957</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 15 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Tobias Suske</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Helena Sorger</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Gabriele Manhart</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Frank Ruge</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nicole Prutsch</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mark W Zimmerman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas Eder</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Diaaeldin I Abdallah</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Barbara Maurer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christina Wagner</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Susann Schönefeldt</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Katrin Spirk</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alexander Pichler</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tea Pemovska</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Carmen Schweicker</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Daniel Pölöske</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Emina Hubanic</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dennis Jungherz</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tony Andreas Müller</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Myint Myat Khine Aung</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna Orlova</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ha Thi Thanh Pham</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kerstin Zimmel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas Krausgruber</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christoph Bock</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mathias Müller</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maik Dahlhoff</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Auke Boersma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas Rülicke</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Roman Fleck</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Elvin Dominic de Araujo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Patrick Thomas Gunning</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tero Aittokallio</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Satu Mustjoki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Takaomi Sanda</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sylvia Hartmann</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Florian Grebien</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Gregor Hoermann</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Torsten Haferlach</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Philipp Bernhard Staber</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heidi Anne Neubauer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alfred Thomas Look</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marco Herling</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Richard Moriggl</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-15</dc:date>
<dc:source>The Journal of clinical investigation</dc:source>
<dc:title>Hyperactive STAT5 hijacks T cell receptor signaling and drives immature T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38618957</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11014662</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1172/JCI168536</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Scent Detection Threshold of Trained Dogs to Eucalyptus Hydrolat</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38612322/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Dogs' (Canis lupus familiaris) sense of smell is based on a unique anatomy and physiology that enables them to find and differentiate low concentrations of odor molecules. This ability is exploited when dogs are trained as search, rescue, or medical detection dogs. We performed a three-part study to explore the scent detection threshold of 15 dogs to an in-house-made Eucalyptus hydrolat. Here, decreasing concentrations of the hydrolat were tested using a three-alternative forced-choice method...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Animals (Basel). 2024 Apr 3;14(7):1083. doi: 10.3390/ani14071083.ABSTRACTDogs' (Canis lupus familiaris) sense of smell is based on a unique anatomy and physiology that enables them to find and differentiate low concentrations of odor molecules. This ability is exploited when dogs are trained as search, rescue, or medical detection dogs. We performed a three-part study to explore the scent detection threshold of 15 dogs to an in-house-made Eucalyptus hydrolat. Here, decreasing concentrations of the hydrolat were tested using a three-alternative forced-choice method until the first incorrect response, which defined the limit of scent detection for each tested dog. Quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to identify and measure the contents of ten commercial Eucalyptus hydrolats, which are used in a dog scent training sport called "nose work". In this study, the dogs' limit of detection initially ranged from 1:104 to 1:1023 but narrowed down to 1:1017-1:1021 after a training period. The results show that, with training, dogs learn to discriminate decreasing concentrations of a target scent, and that dogs can discriminate Eucalyptus hydrolat at very low concentrations. We also detected different concentrations of eucalyptol and lower alcohols in the hydrolat products and highlight the importance of using an identical source of a scent in training a dog for participation in canine scent sport competitions and in olfactory research.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38612322/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38612322</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11010826/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11010826</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071083>10.3390/ani14071083</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38612322</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 13 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Soile Turunen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Susanna Paavilainen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jouko Vepsäläinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna Hielm-Björkman</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-13</dc:date>
<dc:source>Animals : an open access journal from MDPI</dc:source>
<dc:title>Scent Detection Threshold of Trained Dogs to Eucalyptus Hydrolat</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38612322</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11010826</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/ani14071083</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Whole Blood as a Sample Matrix in Homogeneous Time-Resolved Assay-Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Antibody Detection</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38611633/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>The protein-L-utilizing Förster resonance energy transfer (LFRET) assay enables mix-and-read antibody detection, as demonstrated for sera from patients with, e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Zika virus, and orthohantavirus infections. In this study, we compared paired serum and whole blood (WB) samples of COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients. We found that LFRET also detects specific antibodies in WB samples. In 44 serum-WB pairs from patients...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Mar 29;14(7):720. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14070720.ABSTRACTThe protein-L-utilizing Förster resonance energy transfer (LFRET) assay enables mix-and-read antibody detection, as demonstrated for sera from patients with, e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Zika virus, and orthohantavirus infections. In this study, we compared paired serum and whole blood (WB) samples of COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients. We found that LFRET also detects specific antibodies in WB samples. In 44 serum-WB pairs from patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, LFRET showed a strong correlation between the sample materials. By analyzing 89 additional WB samples, totaling 133 WB samples, we found that LFRET results were moderately correlated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results for samples collected 2 to 14 months after receiving COVID-19 diagnosis. However, the correlation decreased for samples >14 months after receiving a diagnosis. When comparing the WB LFRET results to neutralizing antibody titers, a strong correlation emerged for samples collected 1 to 14 months after receiving a diagnosis. This study also highlights the versatility of LFRET in detecting antibodies directly from WB samples and suggests that it could be employed for rapidly assessing antibody responses to infectious agents or vaccines.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38611633/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38611633</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11011549/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11011549</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14070720>10.3390/diagnostics14070720</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38611633</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 13 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Annika Lintala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Arttu Nousiainen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anu Kantele</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jussi Hepojoki</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-13</dc:date>
<dc:source>Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Whole Blood as a Sample Matrix in Homogeneous Time-Resolved Assay-Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Antibody Detection</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38611633</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11011549</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/diagnostics14070720</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Three-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiography is superior to two-dimensional single-shot magnetic resonance cholangiography for visualization and image quality of the feline and canine biliary tract: A postmortem study</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38608174/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) is an established diagnostic tool for noninvasive assessment of the biliary tract in humans. It has also been found to be feasible in companion animals, but no published studies have compared MRC sequences in veterinary medicine. The present study is part of a prospective, observational, analytical investigation on MR cholangiopancreatography performed on the donated bodies of 12 cats and eight dogs. The main aim of this study was to compare the images of...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2024 Apr 12. doi: 10.1111/vru.13372. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) is an established diagnostic tool for noninvasive assessment of the biliary tract in humans. It has also been found to be feasible in companion animals, but no published studies have compared MRC sequences in veterinary medicine. The present study is part of a prospective, observational, analytical investigation on MR cholangiopancreatography performed on the donated bodies of 12 cats and eight dogs. The main aim of this study was to compare the images of 2D-SSh-TSE-MRC and 3D-TSE-MRC sequences for visualization and image quality of the feline and canine biliary tract. Both sequences are T2-weighted and noncontrast. Three independent readers scored the visibility of four segments of the biliary tract, namely the gallbladder (GB), cystic duct, common bile duct (CBD), and extrahepatic ducts, and the image quality of the two MRC sequences using five-point Likert scales. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the scores between the MRC sequences separately for cats and dogs. Inter- and intraobserver agreements were measured using Gwet's AC2 with linear weighting. The 3D-TSE-MRC images were scored significantly higher than the 2D-SSh-TSE-MRC for both visibility and image quality (P < .001-.016 for cats, P = .008-.031 for dogs); the only exception was GB in dogs. In both cats and dogs, interobserver agreement for segment visibility and image quality ranged from slight to substantial in 2D-SSh-TSE-MRC and from poor to almost perfect in 3D-TSE-MRC. Most of the assessments (73% for segment visibility and 66% for image quality) had substantial to almost perfect intraobserver agreement. Findings from the current study support the use of 3D-TSE-MRC over 2D-SSh-TSE-MRC for evaluation of the feline and canine biliary tract, but further studies on live animals are warranted.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38608174/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38608174</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.13372>10.1111/vru.13372</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38608174</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 12 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Vahideh Rahmani</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Juha Peltonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dmitri Hmelnikov</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Raimonda Uosyte</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sofia Männikkö</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas Spillmann</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mirja Ruohoniemi</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-12</dc:date>
<dc:source>Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association</dc:source>
<dc:title>Three-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiography is superior to two-dimensional single-shot magnetic resonance cholangiography for visualization and image quality of the feline and canine biliary tract: A postmortem study</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38608174</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1111/vru.13372</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Comparison of in vitro Toxicities of 8-Prenylnaringenin, Tartrazine and 17β-Estradiol, Representatives of Natural and Synthetic Estrogens, in Rat and Human Hepatoma Cell Lines</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38597376/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSION: Natural estrogens were no less toxic than a synthetic one.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Endocr Res. 2024 Feb-May;49(2):106-116. doi: 10.1080/07435800.2024.2337758. Epub 2024 Apr 10.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Phytoestrogens have been praised for their beneficial health effects, whereas synthetic xenoestrogens have been connected to ailments.AIMS: To ascertain whether the toxicities of natural and synthetic estrogens differ, we examined the potent phytoestrogen 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), the common synthetic xenoestrogen tartrazine, and the physiological estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2).METHODS: These three compounds were tested for cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and genotoxicity in human HepG2 and rat H4IIE hepatoma cells.RESULTS: All three estrogens elicited cytotoxicity at high concentrations in both cell lines. They also inhibited cell proliferation, with E2 being the most effective. They all tended to increase micronuclei formation.CONCLUSION: Natural estrogens were no less toxic than a synthetic one.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38597376/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38597376</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1080/07435800.2024.2337758>10.1080/07435800.2024.2337758</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38597376</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 10 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Atefeh Nasri</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Raimo Pohjanvirta</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-10</dc:date>
<dc:source>Endocrine research</dc:source>
<dc:title>Comparison of in vitro Toxicities of 8-Prenylnaringenin, Tartrazine and 17β-Estradiol, Representatives of Natural and Synthetic Estrogens, in Rat and Human Hepatoma Cell Lines</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38597376</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1080/07435800.2024.2337758</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Epidemic intelligence in Europe: a user needs perspective to foster innovation in digital health surveillance</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38582850/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that the set of solutions needed by practitioners had to be based on holistic and integrated approaches for monitoring zoonosis and antimicrobial resistance and on harmonization between agencies and sectors while maintaining flexibility in the choice of tools and methods. The technical requirements should be defined in detail by iterative exchanges with EI practitioners and decision-makers.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>BMC Public Health. 2024 Apr 6;24(1):973. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18466-1.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: European epidemic intelligence (EI) systems receive vast amounts of information and data on disease outbreaks and potential health threats. The quantity and variety of available data sources for EI, as well as the available methods to manage and analyse these data sources, are constantly increasing. Our aim was to identify the difficulties encountered in this context and which innovations, according to EI practitioners, could improve the detection, monitoring and analysis of disease outbreaks and the emergence of new pathogens.METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study to identify the need for innovation expressed by 33 EI practitioners of national public health and animal health agencies in five European countries and at the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). We adopted a stepwise approach to identify the EI stakeholders, to understand the problems they faced concerning their EI activities, and to validate and further define with practitioners the problems to address and the most adapted solutions to their work conditions. We characterized their EI activities, professional logics, and desired changes in their activities using NvivoⓇ software.RESULTS: Our analysis highlights that EI practitioners wished to collectively review their EI strategy to enhance their preparedness for emerging infectious diseases, adapt their routines to manage an increasing amount of data and have methodological support for cross-sectoral analysis. Practitioners were in demand of timely, validated and standardized data acquisition processes by text mining of various sources; better validated dataflows respecting the data protection rules; and more interoperable data with homogeneous quality levels and standardized covariate sets for epidemiological assessments of national EI. The set of solutions identified to facilitate risk detection and risk assessment included visualization, text mining, and predefined analytical tools combined with methodological guidance. Practitioners also highlighted their preference for partial rather than full automation of analyses to maintain control over the data and inputs and to adapt parameters to versatile objectives and characteristics.CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that the set of solutions needed by practitioners had to be based on holistic and integrated approaches for monitoring zoonosis and antimicrobial resistance and on harmonization between agencies and sectors while maintaining flexibility in the choice of tools and methods. The technical requirements should be defined in detail by iterative exchanges with EI practitioners and decision-makers.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38582850/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38582850</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10999084/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10999084</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18466-1>10.1186/s12889-024-18466-1</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38582850</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 06 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Fanny Bouyer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Oumy Thiongane</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alexandre Hobeika</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Elena Arsevska</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Aurélie Binot</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Déborah Corrèges</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Timothée Dub</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Henna Mäkelä</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Esther van Kleef</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ferran Jori</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Renaud Lancelot</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alize Mercier</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Francesca Fagandini</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sarah Valentin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Wim Van Bortel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Claire Ruault</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-06</dc:date>
<dc:source>BMC public health</dc:source>
<dc:title>Epidemic intelligence in Europe: a user needs perspective to foster innovation in digital health surveillance</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38582850</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10999084</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18466-1</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Case report: Aberrant fecal microbiota composition of an infant diagnosed with prolonged intestinal botulism</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38581020/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSION: This study brings novel insights into the infant fecal composition associated with intestinal botulism and provides a basis for a more systematic analysis of the gut microbiota of infants diagnosed with botulism. A better understanding of the gut microbial ecology associated with infant botulism may support the development of prophylactic strategies against this life-threatening disease in small babies.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Gut Pathog. 2024 Apr 5;16(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s13099-024-00614-y.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Intestinal botulism is primarily reported in small babies as a condition known as infant botulism. The condition results from the ingestion of environmental or foodborne spores of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) producing Clostridia, usually Clostridium botulinum, and subsequent spore germination into active botulinum neurotoxinogenic cultures in the gut. It is generally considered that small babies are susceptible to C. botulinum colonization because of their immature gut microbiota. Yet, it is poorly understood which host factors contribute to the clinical outcome of intestinal botulism. We previously reported a case of infant botulism where the infant recovered clinically in six weeks but continued to secrete C. botulinum cells and/or BoNT in the feces for seven months.CASE PRESENTATION: To further understand the microbial ecology behind this exceptionally long-lasting botulinum neurotoxinogenic colonization, we characterized the infant fecal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing over the course of disease and recovery. C. botulinum could be detected in the infant fecal samples at low levels through the acute phase of the disease and three months after recovery. Overall, we observed a temporal delay in the maturation of the infant fecal microbiota associated with a persistently high-level bifidobacterial population and a low level of Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroidaceae and Ruminococcaceae compared to healthy infants over time.CONCLUSION: This study brings novel insights into the infant fecal composition associated with intestinal botulism and provides a basis for a more systematic analysis of the gut microbiota of infants diagnosed with botulism. A better understanding of the gut microbial ecology associated with infant botulism may support the development of prophylactic strategies against this life-threatening disease in small babies.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38581020/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38581020</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10996148/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10996148</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00614-y>10.1186/s13099-024-00614-y</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38581020</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 05 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>François P Douillard</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Yağmur Derman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ching Jian</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Katri Korpela</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Harri Saxén</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anne Salonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Willem M de Vos</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hannu Korkeala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Miia Lindström</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-05</dc:date>
<dc:source>Gut pathogens</dc:source>
<dc:title>Case report: Aberrant fecal microbiota composition of an infant diagnosed with prolonged intestinal botulism</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38581020</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10996148</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1186/s13099-024-00614-y</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Posture and postural dysfunction in dogs: Implications for veterinary physiotherapy</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38575053/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Postural assessment is an important part of the veterinary evaluation of a dog's neuromusculoskeletal function. It forms an important part of the clinical examination by physiotherapists and specialists in veterinary rehabilitation and sports medicine and is well researched in humans, which has allowed treatment approaches to be developed and validated. This narrative review aims to complement the veterinary literature, which largely quantifies the impact of various conditions on posture, by...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Vet J. 2024 Apr 3;305:106107. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106107. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPostural assessment is an important part of the veterinary evaluation of a dog's neuromusculoskeletal function. It forms an important part of the clinical examination by physiotherapists and specialists in veterinary rehabilitation and sports medicine and is well researched in humans, which has allowed treatment approaches to be developed and validated. This narrative review aims to complement the veterinary literature, which largely quantifies the impact of various conditions on posture, by synthesising the physiotherapy literature, to help translate the use of postural assessment as a basis for the development and validation of treatment techniques to improve outcomes in dogs.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38575053/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38575053</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106107>10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106107</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38575053</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 04 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Hannah E Michael</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Catherine M McGowan</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heli K Hyytiäinen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-04</dc:date>
<dc:source>Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Posture and postural dysfunction in dogs: Implications for veterinary physiotherapy</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38575053</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106107</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Ancestral allele of DNA polymerase gamma modifies antiviral tolerance</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38570685/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Mitochondria are critical modulators of antiviral tolerance through the release of mitochondrial RNA and DNA (mtDNA and mtRNA) fragments into the cytoplasm after infection, activating virus sensors and type-I interferon (IFN-I) response^(1-4). The relevance of these mechanisms for mitochondrial diseases remains understudied. Here we investigated mitochondrial recessive ataxia syndrome (MIRAS), which is caused by a common European founder mutation in DNA polymerase gamma (POLG1)⁵. Patients...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Nature. 2024 Apr;628(8009):844-853. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07260-z. Epub 2024 Apr 3.ABSTRACTMitochondria are critical modulators of antiviral tolerance through the release of mitochondrial RNA and DNA (mtDNA and mtRNA) fragments into the cytoplasm after infection, activating virus sensors and type-I interferon (IFN-I) response1-4. The relevance of these mechanisms for mitochondrial diseases remains understudied. Here we investigated mitochondrial recessive ataxia syndrome (MIRAS), which is caused by a common European founder mutation in DNA polymerase gamma (POLG1)5. Patients homozygous for the MIRAS variant p.W748S show exceptionally variable ages of onset and symptoms5, indicating that unknown modifying factors contribute to disease manifestation. We report that the mtDNA replicase POLG1 has a role in antiviral defence mechanisms to double-stranded DNA and positive-strand RNA virus infections (HSV-1, TBEV and SARS-CoV-2), and its p.W748S variant dampens innate immune responses. Our patient and knock-in mouse data show that p.W748S compromises mtDNA replisome stability, causing mtDNA depletion, aggravated by virus infection. Low mtDNA and mtRNA release into the cytoplasm and a slow IFN response in MIRAS offer viruses an early replicative advantage, leading to an augmented pro-inflammatory response, a subacute loss of GABAergic neurons and liver inflammation and necrosis. A population databank of around 300,000 Finnish individuals6 demonstrates enrichment of immunodeficient traits in carriers of the POLG1 p.W748S mutation. Our evidence suggests that POLG1 defects compromise antiviral tolerance, triggering epilepsy and liver disease. The finding has important implications for the mitochondrial disease spectrum, including epilepsy, ataxia and parkinsonism.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38570685/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38570685</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11041766/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11041766</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07260-z>10.1038/s41586-024-07260-z</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38570685</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 03 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Yilin Kang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jussi Hepojoki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Rocio Sartori Maldonado</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Takayuki Mito</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mügen Terzioglu</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tuula Manninen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ravi Kant</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sachin Singh</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alaa Othman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Rohit Verma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Johanna Uusimaa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kirmo Wartiovaara</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lauri Kareinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nicola Zamboni</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tuula Anneli Nyman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anders Paetau</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anja Kipar</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anu Suomalainen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-03</dc:date>
<dc:source>Nature</dc:source>
<dc:title>Ancestral allele of DNA polymerase gamma modifies antiviral tolerance</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38570685</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11041766</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07260-z</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Characterization of a putative orexin receptor in Ciona intestinalis sheds light on the evolution of the orexin/hypocretin system in chordates</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38565870/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Tunicates are evolutionary model organisms bridging the gap between vertebrates and invertebrates. A genomic sequence in Ciona intestinalis (CiOX) shows high similarity to vertebrate orexin receptors and protostome allatotropin receptors (ATR). Here, molecular phylogeny suggested that CiOX is divergent from ATRs and human orexin receptors (hOX(1/2)). However, CiOX appears closer to hOX(1/2) than to ATR both in terms of sequence percent identity and in its modelled binding cavity, as suggested by...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 2;14(1):7690. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-56508-1.ABSTRACTTunicates are evolutionary model organisms bridging the gap between vertebrates and invertebrates. A genomic sequence in Ciona intestinalis (CiOX) shows high similarity to vertebrate orexin receptors and protostome allatotropin receptors (ATR). Here, molecular phylogeny suggested that CiOX is divergent from ATRs and human orexin receptors (hOX1/2). However, CiOX appears closer to hOX1/2 than to ATR both in terms of sequence percent identity and in its modelled binding cavity, as suggested by molecular modelling. CiOX was heterologously expressed in a recombinant HEK293 cell system. Human orexins weakly but concentration-dependently activated its Gq signalling (Ca2+ elevation), and the responses were inhibited by the non-selective orexin receptor antagonists TCS 1102 and almorexant, but only weakly by the OX1-selective antagonist SB-334867. Furthermore, the 5-/6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA)-labelled human orexin-A was able to bind to CiOX. Database mining was used to predict a potential endogenous C. intestinalis orexin peptide (Ci-orexin-A). Ci-orexin-A was able to displace TAMRA-orexin-A, but not to induce any calcium response at the CiOX. Consequently, we suggested that the orexin signalling system is conserved in Ciona intestinalis, although the relevant peptide-receptor interaction was not fully elucidated.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38565870/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38565870</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10987541/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10987541</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56508-1>10.1038/s41598-024-56508-1</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38565870</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Maiju K Rinne</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lauri Urvas</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ilona Mandrika</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dāvids Fridmanis</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Darren M Riddy</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christopher J Langmead</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jyrki P Kukkonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Henri Xhaard</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-02</dc:date>
<dc:source>Scientific reports</dc:source>
<dc:title>Characterization of a putative orexin receptor in Ciona intestinalis sheds light on the evolution of the orexin/hypocretin system in chordates</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38565870</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10987541</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/s41598-024-56508-1</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Detection of SARS-COV-2 variants and their proportions in wastewater samples using next-generation sequencing in Finland</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38565591/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants may have different characteristics, e.g., in transmission, mortality, and the effectiveness of vaccines, indicating the importance of variant detection at the population level. Wastewater-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments has been shown to be an effective way to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic at the population level. Wastewater is a complex sample matrix affected by environmental factors and PCR inhibitors, causing...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 2;14(1):7751. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58113-8.ABSTRACTSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants may have different characteristics, e.g., in transmission, mortality, and the effectiveness of vaccines, indicating the importance of variant detection at the population level. Wastewater-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments has been shown to be an effective way to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic at the population level. Wastewater is a complex sample matrix affected by environmental factors and PCR inhibitors, causing insufficient coverage in sequencing, for example. Subsequently, results where part of the genome does not have sufficient coverage are not uncommon. To identify variants and their proportions in wastewater over time, we utilized next-generation sequencing with the ARTIC Network's primer set and bioinformatics pipeline to evaluate the presence of variants in partial genome data. Based on the wastewater data from November 2021 to February 2022, the Delta variant was dominant until mid-December in Helsinki, Finland's capital, and thereafter in late December 2022 Omicron became the most common variant. At the same time, the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 outcompeted the previous Delta variant in Finland in new COVID-19 cases. The SARS-CoV-2 variant findings from wastewater are in agreement with the variant information obtained from the patient samples when visually comparing trends in the sewerage network area. This indicates that the sequencing of wastewater is an effective way to monitor temporal and spatial trends of SARS-CoV-2 variants at the population level.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38565591/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38565591</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10987589/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10987589</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58113-8>10.1038/s41598-024-58113-8</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38565591</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 02 Apr 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Anssi Lipponen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Aleksi Kolehmainen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sami Oikarinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna-Maria Hokajärvi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kirsi-Maarit Lehto</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Annamari Heikinheimo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jani Halkilahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Aapo Juutinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Oskari Luomala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Teemu Smura</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kirsi Liitsola</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Soile Blomqvist</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Carita Savolainen-Kopra</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Pitkänen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>WastPan Study Group</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-04-02</dc:date>
<dc:source>Scientific reports</dc:source>
<dc:title>Detection of SARS-COV-2 variants and their proportions in wastewater samples using next-generation sequencing in Finland</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38565591</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10987589</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/s41598-024-58113-8</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>5-Aminothiazoles Reveal a New Ligand-Binding Site on Prolyl Oligopeptidase Which is Important for Modulation of Its Protein-Protein Interaction-Derived Functions</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38546708/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>A series of novel 5-aminothiazole-based ligands for prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) comprise selective, potent modulators of the protein-protein interaction (PPI)-mediated functions of PREP, although they are only weak inhibitors of the proteolytic activity of PREP. The disconnected structure-activity relationships are significantly more pronounced for the 5-aminothiazole-based ligands than for the earlier published 5-aminooxazole-based ligands. Furthermore, the stability of the 5-aminothiazole...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Med Chem. 2024 Apr 11;67(7):5421-5436. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01993. Epub 2024 Mar 28.ABSTRACTA series of novel 5-aminothiazole-based ligands for prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) comprise selective, potent modulators of the protein-protein interaction (PPI)-mediated functions of PREP, although they are only weak inhibitors of the proteolytic activity of PREP. The disconnected structure-activity relationships are significantly more pronounced for the 5-aminothiazole-based ligands than for the earlier published 5-aminooxazole-based ligands. Furthermore, the stability of the 5-aminothiazole scaffold allowed exploration of wider substitution patterns than that was possible with the 5-aminooxazole scaffold. The intriguing structure-activity relationships for the modulation of the proteolytic activity and PPI-derived functions of PREP were elaborated by presenting a new binding site for PPI modulating PREP ligands, which was initially discovered using molecular modeling and later confirmed through point mutation studies. Our results suggest that this new binding site on PREP is clearly more important than the active site of PREP for the modulation of its PPI-mediated functions.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38546708/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38546708</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01993>10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01993</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38546708</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 28 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Henri T Pätsi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tommi P Kilpeläinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mikael Jumppanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Johanna Uhari-Väänänen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pieter Van Wielendaele</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Francesca De Lorenzo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hengjing Cui</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Samuli Auno</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Janne Saharinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Erin Seppälä</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nina Sipari</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Juha Savinainen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ingrid De Meester</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anne-Marie Lambeir</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maija Lahtela-Kakkonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Timo T Myöhänen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Erik A A Wallén</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-28</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of medicinal chemistry</dc:source>
<dc:title>5-Aminothiazoles Reveal a New Ligand-Binding Site on Prolyl Oligopeptidase Which is Important for Modulation of Its Protein-Protein Interaction-Derived Functions</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38546708</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01993</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>A revamped rat reference genome improves the discovery of genetic diversity in laboratory rats</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38537634/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>The seventh iteration of the reference genome assembly for Rattus norvegicus-mRatBN7.2-corrects numerous misplaced segments and reduces base-level errors by approximately 9-fold and increases contiguity by 290-fold compared with its predecessor. Gene annotations are now more complete, improving the mapping precision of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomics datasets. We jointly analyzed 163 short-read whole-genome sequencing datasets representing 120 laboratory rat strains and substrains using...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Cell Genom. 2024 Apr 10;4(4):100527. doi: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100527. Epub 2024 Mar 26.ABSTRACTThe seventh iteration of the reference genome assembly for Rattus norvegicus-mRatBN7.2-corrects numerous misplaced segments and reduces base-level errors by approximately 9-fold and increases contiguity by 290-fold compared with its predecessor. Gene annotations are now more complete, improving the mapping precision of genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomics datasets. We jointly analyzed 163 short-read whole-genome sequencing datasets representing 120 laboratory rat strains and substrains using mRatBN7.2. We defined ∼20.0 million sequence variations, of which 18,700 are predicted to potentially impact the function of 6,677 genes. We also generated a new rat genetic map from 1,893 heterogeneous stock rats and annotated transcription start sites and alternative polyadenylation sites. The mRatBN7.2 assembly, along with the extensive analysis of genomic variations among rat strains, enhances our understanding of the rat genome, providing researchers with an expanded resource for studies involving rats.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38537634/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38537634</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11019364/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11019364</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100527>10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100527</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38537634</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 27 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Tristan V de Jong</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Yanchao Pan</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pasi Rastas</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Daniel Munro</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Monika Tutaj</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Huda Akil</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Chris Benner</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Denghui Chen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Apurva S Chitre</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>William Chow</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Vincenza Colonna</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Clifton L Dalgard</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Wendy M Demos</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Peter A Doris</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Erik Garrison</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Aron M Geurts</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hakan M Gunturkun</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Victor Guryev</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thibaut Hourlier</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kerstin Howe</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jun Huang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ted Kalbfleisch</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Panjun Kim</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ling Li</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Spencer Mahaffey</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Fergal J Martin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pejman Mohammadi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ayse Bilge Ozel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Oksana Polesskaya</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Michal Pravenec</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pjotr Prins</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jonathan Sebat</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jennifer R Smith</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Leah C Solberg Woods</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Boris Tabakoff</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alan Tracey</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marcela Uliano-Silva</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Flavia Villani</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hongyang Wang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Burt M Sharp</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Francesca Telese</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Zhihua Jiang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Laura Saba</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Xusheng Wang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Terence D Murphy</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Abraham A Palmer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anne E Kwitek</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Melinda R Dwinell</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Robert W Williams</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jun Z Li</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hao Chen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-27</dc:date>
<dc:source>Cell genomics</dc:source>
<dc:title>A revamped rat reference genome improves the discovery of genetic diversity in laboratory rats</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38537634</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11019364</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100527</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Toxicity Screening of Fungal Extracts and Metabolites, Xenobiotic Chemicals, and Indoor Dusts with In Vitro and Ex Vivo Bioassay Methods</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38535560/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>It is controversial how useful bioassays are for identifying the in vivo toxicity of hazardous environmental exposures. In this study, fruiting bodies of forest mushrooms (n = 46), indoor mold colonies (n = 412), fungal secondary metabolites (n = 18), xenobiotic chemicals such as biocides and detergents (n = 6), and methanol extracts of indoor dusts from urban buildings (n = 26) were screened with two different bioactivity assays: boar sperm motility inhibition (BSMI) and inhibition of cell...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Pathogens. 2024 Feb 29;13(3):217. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13030217.ABSTRACTIt is controversial how useful bioassays are for identifying the in vivo toxicity of hazardous environmental exposures. In this study, fruiting bodies of forest mushrooms (n = 46), indoor mold colonies (n = 412), fungal secondary metabolites (n = 18), xenobiotic chemicals such as biocides and detergents (n = 6), and methanol extracts of indoor dusts from urban buildings (n = 26) were screened with two different bioactivity assays: boar sperm motility inhibition (BSMI) and inhibition of cell proliferation (ICP) tests. For the forest mushrooms, the toxicity testing result was positive for 100% of poisonous-classified species, 69% of non-edible-classified species, and 18% of edible-classified species. Colonies of 21 isolates of Ascomycota mold fungal species previously isolated from water-damaged buildings proved to be toxic in the tests. Out of the fungal metabolites and xenobiotic chemicals, 94% and 100% were toxic, respectively. Out of the indoor dusts from moldy-classified houses (n = 12) and from dry, mold-free houses (n = 14), 50% and 57% were toxic, respectively. The bioassay tests, however, could not differentiate the samples from indoor dusts of moldy-classified buildings from those from the mold-free buildings. Xenobiotic chemicals and indoor dusts were more toxic in the BSMI assay than in the ICP assay, whereas the opposite results were obtained with the Ascomycota mold colonies and fungal secondary metabolites. The tests recognized unknown methanol-soluble thermoresistant substances in indoor settled dusts. Toxic indoor dusts may indicate a harmful exposure, regardless of whether the toxicity is due to xenobiotic chemicals or microbial metabolites.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38535560/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38535560</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10974995/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10974995</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13030217>10.3390/pathogens13030217</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38535560</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 27 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Tuomas Hintikka</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maria A Andersson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Taina Lundell</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tamás Marik</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>László Kredics</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Raimo Mikkola</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Magnus C Andersson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jarek Kurnitski</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heidi Salonen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-27</dc:date>
<dc:source>Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Toxicity Screening of Fungal Extracts and Metabolites, Xenobiotic Chemicals, and Indoor Dusts with In Vitro and Ex Vivo Bioassay Methods</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38535560</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10974995</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/pathogens13030217</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>A Novel CARMIL2 Immunodeficiency Identified in a Subset of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Pneumocystis and Bordetella Pneumonia</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38535207/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Pet dogs are a valuable natural animal model for studying relationships between primary immunodeficiencies and susceptibility to Pneumocystis and other opportunistic respiratory pathogens. Certain breeds, such as the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, are over-represented for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), suggesting the presence of a primary immunodeficiency in the breed. Here, we report the discovery of a CARMIL2 nonsense variant in three Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs with either PCP (n = 2)...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Mar 5;10(3):198. doi: 10.3390/jof10030198.ABSTRACTPet dogs are a valuable natural animal model for studying relationships between primary immunodeficiencies and susceptibility to Pneumocystis and other opportunistic respiratory pathogens. Certain breeds, such as the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, are over-represented for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), suggesting the presence of a primary immunodeficiency in the breed. Here, we report the discovery of a CARMIL2 nonsense variant in three Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs with either PCP (n = 2) or refractory Bordetella pneumonia (n = 1). CARMIL2 encodes a protein that plays critical roles in T-cell activation and other aspects of immune function. Deleterious CARMIL2 variants have recently been reported in human patients with PCP and other recurrent pneumonias. In addition to opportunistic respiratory infection, the affected dogs also exhibited other clinical manifestations of CARMIL2 deficiencies that have been reported in humans, including early-onset gastrointestinal disease, allergic skin disease, mucocutaneous lesions, abscesses, autoimmune disorders, and gastrointestinal parasitism. This discovery highlights the potential utility of a natural canine model in identifying and studying primary immunodeficiencies in patients affected by PCP.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38535207/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38535207</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10970956/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10970956</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10030198>10.3390/jof10030198</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38535207</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 27 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Emily L Coffey</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Liang Ma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ousmane H Cissé</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Joseph A Kovacs</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Katie M Minor</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Antti Sukura</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Patrizia Danesi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Steven G Friedenberg</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jonah N Cullen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christiane Weissenbacher-Lang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Julie C Nadeau</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Amber M Graham</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Martin N Granick</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Natalie K Branson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kyle C Branson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Barbara Blasi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Casandra M Jacobs</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Eva Furrow</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-27</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)</dc:source>
<dc:title>A Novel CARMIL2 Immunodeficiency Identified in a Subset of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Pneumocystis and Bordetella Pneumonia</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38535207</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10970956</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/jof10030198</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>WSV2023 - The second meeting of the world society for virology: One health - One world - One virology</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38527382/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>The Second International Conference of the World Society for Virology (WSV), hosted by Riga Stradiņš University, was held in Riga, Latvia, on June 15-17th, 2023. It prominently highlighted the recent advancements in different disciplines of virology. The conference had fourteen keynote speakers covering diverse topics, including emerging virus pseudotypes, Zika virus vaccine development, herpesvirus capsid mobility, parvovirus invasion strategies, influenza in animals and birds, West Nile virus...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Virology. 2024 Jun;594:110049. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110049. Epub 2024 Mar 15.ABSTRACTThe Second International Conference of the World Society for Virology (WSV), hosted by Riga Stradiņš University, was held in Riga, Latvia, on June 15-17th, 2023. It prominently highlighted the recent advancements in different disciplines of virology. The conference had fourteen keynote speakers covering diverse topics, including emerging virus pseudotypes, Zika virus vaccine development, herpesvirus capsid mobility, parvovirus invasion strategies, influenza in animals and birds, West Nile virus and Marburg virus ecology, as well as the latest update in animal vaccines. Discussions further explored SARS-CoV-2 RNA replicons as vaccine candidates, SARS-CoV-2 in humans and animals, and the significance of plant viruses in the 'One Health' paradigm. The presence of the presidents from three virology societies, namely the American, Indian, and Korean Societies for Virology, highlighted the event's significance. Additionally, past president of the American Society for Virology (ASV), formally declared the partnership between ASV and WSV during the conference.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38527382/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38527382</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2024.110049>10.1016/j.virol.2024.110049</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38527382</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 25 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Ahmed S Abdel-Moneim</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Modra Murovska</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maria Söderlund-Venermo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Vikram N Vakharia</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>William C Wilson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Douglas P Gladue</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Matthew D Moore</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Covadonga Alonso</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sayed F Abdelwahab</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marietjie Venter</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Yashpal S Malik</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Shi Zhengli</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Shailendra K Saxena</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anupam Varma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Richard J Kuhn</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-25</dc:date>
<dc:source>Virology</dc:source>
<dc:title>WSV2023 - The second meeting of the world society for virology: One health - One world - One virology</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38527382</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.virol.2024.110049</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Role of mastitis in on-farm deaths of Finnish dairy cows</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38522830/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>According to our recent necropsy-based study, mastitis is the most common underlying diagnosis of on-farm deaths in Finnish dairy cows. However, it remained unanswered to what extent mastitis has contributed to death of all necropsied cows. In the present study, based on histopathology we detected one third of the necropsied dairy cows having active inflammatory udder lesions (n = 110). The role of mastitis varied and was interpreted by causes of death (underlying, intermediate, immediate, other...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Dairy Sci. 2024 Mar 22:S0022-0302(24)00622-2. doi: 10.3168/jds.2024-24405. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAccording to our recent necropsy-based study, mastitis is the most common underlying diagnosis of on-farm deaths in Finnish dairy cows. However, it remained unanswered to what extent mastitis has contributed to death of all necropsied cows. In the present study, based on histopathology we detected one third of the necropsied dairy cows having active inflammatory udder lesions (n = 110). The role of mastitis varied and was interpreted by causes of death (underlying, intermediate, immediate, other significant). Mastitis was most commonly either the underlying (28%) or both immediate and underlying cause of death (48%), and only seldom the immediate (4%) or intermediate (4%) cause of death. Mastitis occurred either as the only cause leading to death (mastitis only, MO, 39%), or with many other contributing diseases (multiple diseases, MD, 61%) which were interacting with mastitis and together leading to death. Between these groups (MO vs. MD), time of mastitis occurrence during lactation, producer-reported duration of illness, clinical signs, and medication differed, as well the histopathological severity of mastitis. The cases, where mastitis was the only initial insult, occurred evenly throughout the entire lactation, but the cases with many interacting diseases clustered in early lactation. In multiple diseases -cases mastitis occurred concurrently with metritis (31%), aspiration pneumonia (24%), acute trauma/dystocia (15%), or with other diseases, such as ketosis, hepatic lipidosis, rumenitis, and abomasal diseases. For a pathologist, the gross mastitis diagnosis was most challenging at the beginning of the lactation, especially if inflammation was mild to moderate, suggesting the value of histopathological examination being highest at that time. Also, producers reported mastitis signs less frequently if cow had many simultaneously occurring diseases. Therefore, even if clinical signs of other diseases are present, the udder should be considered a potential cause of illness, and it should be examined, especially in dry and transition period cows.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38522830/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38522830</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-24405>10.3168/jds.2024-24405</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38522830</guid>
<pubDate>Sun, 24 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>K A Hagner</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>H S Nordgren</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>K Sarjokari</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>A Sukura</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>P J Rajala-Schultz</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-24</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of dairy science</dc:source>
<dc:title>Role of mastitis in on-farm deaths of Finnish dairy cows</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38522830</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3168/jds.2024-24405</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of convalescent plasma for COVID-19: analyses by neutralising antibodies homologous to recipients' variants</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38513074/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>INTRODUCTION: Convalescent plasma (CP) emerged as potential treatment for COVID-19 early in the pandemic. While efficacy in hospitalised patients has been lacklustre, CP may be beneficial at the first stages of disease. Despite multiple new variants emerging, no trials have involved analyses on variant-specific antibody titres of CP.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Infect Dis (Lond). 2024 Jun;56(6):423-433. doi: 10.1080/23744235.2024.2329957. Epub 2024 Mar 21.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Convalescent plasma (CP) emerged as potential treatment for COVID-19 early in the pandemic. While efficacy in hospitalised patients has been lacklustre, CP may be beneficial at the first stages of disease. Despite multiple new variants emerging, no trials have involved analyses on variant-specific antibody titres of CP.METHODS: We recruited hospitalised COVID-19 patients within 10 days of symptom onset and, employing a double-blinded approach, randomised them to receive 200 ml convalescent plasma with high (HCP) or low (LCP) neutralising antibody (NAb) titre against the ancestral strain (Wuhan-like variant) or placebo in 1:1:1 ratio. Primary endpoints comprised intubation, corticosteroids for symptom aggravation, and safety assessed as serious adverse events. For a preplanned ad hoc analysis, the patients were regrouped by infused CP's NAb titers to variants infecting the recipients i.e. by titres of homologous HCP (hHCP) or LCP (hLCP).RESULTS: Of the 57 patients, 18 received HCP, 19 LCP and 20 placebo, all groups smaller than planned. No significant differences were found for primary endpoints. In ad hoc analysis, hHCPrecipients needed significantly less respiratory support, and appeared to be given corticosteroids less frequently (1/14; 7.1%) than those receiving hLCP (9/23; 39.1%) or placebo (8/20; 40%), (p = 0.077).DISCUSSION: Our double-blinded, placebo-controlled CP therapy trial remained underpowered and does not allow any firm conclusions for early-stage hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Interestingly, however, regrouping by homologous - recipients' variant-specific - CP titres suggested benefits for hHCP. We encourage similar re-analysis of ongoing/previous larger CP studies.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinTrials.gov identifier: NCT0473040.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38513074/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38513074</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2024.2329957>10.1080/23744235.2024.2329957</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38513074</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 21 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>T Khawaja</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>M Kajova</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>I Levonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>J P Pietilä</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>H Välimaa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>J Paajanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>S H Pakkanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>A Patjas</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>R Montonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>S Miettinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>J Virtanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>T Smura</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>T Sironen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>R Fagerlund</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>H Ugurlu</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>R Iheozor-Ejiofor</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>K Saksela</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>T Vahlberg</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>A Ranki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>A Vierikko</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>J Ihalainen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>O Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>A Kantele</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-21</dc:date>
<dc:source>Infectious diseases (London, England)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of convalescent plasma for COVID-19: analyses by neutralising antibodies homologous to recipients' variants</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38513074</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1080/23744235.2024.2329957</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Comparison of habitual physical activity in French Bulldogs, Pugs and normocephalic dogs by accelerometry</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38487414/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a major welfare concern in flat-faced dog breeds. As BOAS causes respiratory difficulties and exercise intolerance, it can reduce dogs' daily quality of life (QOL). However, evaluation of QOL in dogs is difficult, and many owners perceive BOAS signs as 'normal' for the breed. Accelerometers that measure frequency, duration and intensity of activities can offer an objective way of evaluating dogs' daily activity and thereby deliver potential...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Anim Welf. 2023 Sep 11;32:e60. doi: 10.1017/awf.2023.80. eCollection 2023.ABSTRACTBrachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a major welfare concern in flat-faced dog breeds. As BOAS causes respiratory difficulties and exercise intolerance, it can reduce dogs' daily quality of life (QOL). However, evaluation of QOL in dogs is difficult, and many owners perceive BOAS signs as 'normal' for the breed. Accelerometers that measure frequency, duration and intensity of activities can offer an objective way of evaluating dogs' daily activity and thereby deliver potential insights into QOL. The aim of this study was to assess habitual physical activity of 48 brachycephalic and 23 non-brachycephalic dogs using accelerometers. The accelerometers were used for one week and owners filled in a questionnaire regarding their dog's well-being and activities. Veterinary-assessed BOAS grading for brachycephalic dogs was determined. Compared with controls, more severely affected French Bulldogs and Pugs had significantly lower total activity counts and spent less time in high activity. In Pugs, mildly affected dogs were also less active, but age can be a contributing factor here, as older age decreased activity in Pugs and controls showed a wider age range. In French Bulldogs, those dogs with no or mild signs of BOAS did not differ from controls regarding their daily activity. In conclusion, accelerometers were easy to use for objective measurement of daily activity in bracycephalic dogs, although a degree of discomfort due to the collar was reported. Results showed that BOAS signs were associated with decreased habitual physical activity. These findings emphasise the importance of actions taken to reduce incidence of BOAS in brachycephalic breeds.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38487414/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38487414</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10936329/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10936329</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1017/awf.2023.80>10.1017/awf.2023.80</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38487414</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 15 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Mimma Aromaa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heikki Putro</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Liisa Lilja-Maula</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Minna M Rajamäki</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-15</dc:date>
<dc:source>Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Comparison of habitual physical activity in French Bulldogs, Pugs and normocephalic dogs by accelerometry</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38487414</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10936329</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1017/awf.2023.80</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>The spatio-temporal distribution of aromatase cytochrome in ovary throughout the canine oestrous cycle</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38484784/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Understanding of cells involved in oestradiol production is important for targeted inhibition of oestradiol synthesis, possibly offering an approach for contraception and suppression of oestrus.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Reprod Fertil Dev. 2024 Mar;36:RD23201. doi: 10.1071/RD23201.ABSTRACTCONTEXT: New animal welfare legislation and ethical guidelines encourage alternative approaches for canine contraception, instead of surgical gonadectomy which is considered invasive and unjustified in healthy dogs.AIMS: Reversible contraception might be achieved by inhibition of aromatase (CYP19), an enzyme catalysing the conversion of androgens to oestrogens. This study provides insights into the spatio-temporal expression and distribution of aromatase in canine ovarian tissue.METHODS: Ovarian tissue was collected from 39 healthy and sexually mature bitches during different stages of the oestrous cycle: pro-oestrus (n =8), oestrus (n =12), dioestrus (n =9) (luteal phase) and anoestrus (n =10). Localisation of cytochrome P450 aromatase was determined by immunohistochemistry.KEY RESULTS: Aromatase activity in the dog is high during pro-oestrus, ovulation and early dioestrus. Comparing types of follicles and corpora lutea, the highest aromatase abundance was found in antral follicles and luteinising follicles, whereas corpora lutea and early antral follicles showed an intermediate presence of the enzyme. Interesting was the high abundance of aromatase in luteinising theca interna cells, prevailing over granulosa cells.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Understanding of cells involved in oestradiol production is important for targeted inhibition of oestradiol synthesis, possibly offering an approach for contraception and suppression of oestrus.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38484784/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38484784</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1071/RD23201>10.1071/RD23201</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38484784</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 14 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>L Lindh</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>M P Kowalewski</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>S K Goericke-Pesch</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>H Lindeberg</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>G Schuler</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>O A T Peltoniemi</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-14</dc:date>
<dc:source>Reproduction, fertility, and development</dc:source>
<dc:title>The spatio-temporal distribution of aromatase cytochrome in ovary throughout the canine oestrous cycle</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38484784</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1071/RD23201</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Developing wastewater-based surveillance schemes for multiple pathogens: The WastPan project in Finland</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38467259/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Wastewater comprises multiple pathogens and offers a potential for wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) to track the prevalence of communicable diseases. The Finnish WastPan project aimed to establish wastewater-based pandemic preparedness for multiple pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi), including antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This article outlines WastPan's experiences in this project, including the criteria for target selection, sampling locations, frequency, analysis methods,...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 20;926:171401. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171401. Epub 2024 Mar 10.ABSTRACTWastewater comprises multiple pathogens and offers a potential for wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) to track the prevalence of communicable diseases. The Finnish WastPan project aimed to establish wastewater-based pandemic preparedness for multiple pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi), including antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This article outlines WastPan's experiences in this project, including the criteria for target selection, sampling locations, frequency, analysis methods, and results communication. Target selection relied on epidemiological and microbiological evidence and practical feasibility. Within the WastPan framework, wastewater samples were collected between 2021 and 2023 from 10 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) covering 40 % of Finland's population. WWTP selection was validated for reported cases of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) from the National Infectious Disease Register. The workflow included 24-h composite influent samples, with one fraction for culture-based analysis (bacteria and fungi) and the rest of the sample was reserved for molecular analysis (viruses, bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes, and parasites). The reproducibility of the monitoring workflow was assessed for SARS-CoV-2 through inter-laboratory comparisons using the N2 and N1 assays. Identical protocols were applied to same-day samples, yielding similar positivity trends in the two laboratories, but the N2 assay achieved a significantly higher detection rate (Laboratory 1: 91.5 %; Laboratory 2: 87.4 %) than the N1 assay (76.6 %) monitored only in Laboratory 2 (McNemar, p < 0.001 Lab 1, = 0.006 Lab 2). This result indicates that the selection of monitoring primers and assays may impact monitoring sensitivity in WBS. Overall, the current study recommends that the selection of sampling frequencies and population coverage of the monitoring should be based on pathogen-specific epidemiological characteristics. For example, pathogens that are stable over time may need less frequent annual sampling, while those that are occurring across regions may require reduced sample coverage. Here, WastPan successfully piloted WBS for monitoring multiple pathogens, highlighting the significance of one-litre community composite wastewater samples for assessing community health. The infrastructure established for COVID-19 WBS is valuable for monitoring various pathogens. The prioritization of the monitoring targets optimizes resource utilization. In the future legislative support in target selection, coverage determination, and sustained funding for WBS is recomended.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38467259/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38467259</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171401>10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171401</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38467259</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 11 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Ananda Tiwari</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kirsi-Maarit Lehto</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dafni K Paspaliari</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ahmad I Al-Mustapha</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anniina Sarekoski</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna-Maria Hokajärvi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Annika Länsivaara</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Rafiqul Hyder</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Oskari Luomala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anssi Lipponen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sami Oikarinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Annamari Heikinheimo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Pitkänen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>WastPan Study Group</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-11</dc:date>
<dc:source>The Science of the total environment</dc:source>
<dc:title>Developing wastewater-based surveillance schemes for multiple pathogens: The WastPan project in Finland</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38467259</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171401</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Genomic signatures of climate adaptation in bank voles</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38455148/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Evidence for divergent selection and adaptive variation across the landscape can provide insight into a species' ability to adapt to different environments. However, despite recent advances in genomics, it remains difficult to detect the footprints of climate-mediated selection in natural populations. Here, we analysed ddRAD sequencing data (21,892 SNPs) in conjunction with geographic climate variation to search for signatures of adaptive differentiation in twelve populations of the bank vole...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Ecol Evol. 2024 Mar 7;14(3):e10886. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10886. eCollection 2024 Mar.ABSTRACTEvidence for divergent selection and adaptive variation across the landscape can provide insight into a species' ability to adapt to different environments. However, despite recent advances in genomics, it remains difficult to detect the footprints of climate-mediated selection in natural populations. Here, we analysed ddRAD sequencing data (21,892 SNPs) in conjunction with geographic climate variation to search for signatures of adaptive differentiation in twelve populations of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) distributed across Europe. To identify the loci subject to selection associated with climate variation, we applied multiple genotype-environment association methods, two univariate and one multivariate, and controlled for the effect of population structure. In total, we identified 213 candidate loci for adaptation, 74 of which were located within genes. In particular, we identified signatures of selection in candidate genes with functions related to lipid metabolism and the immune system. Using the results of redundancy analysis, we demonstrated that population history and climate have joint effects on the genetic variation in the pan-European metapopulation. Furthermore, by examining only candidate loci, we found that annual mean temperature is an important factor shaping adaptive genetic variation in the bank vole. By combining landscape genomic approaches, our study sheds light on genome-wide adaptive differentiation and the spatial distribution of variants underlying adaptive variation influenced by local climate in bank voles.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38455148/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38455148</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10918726/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10918726</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10886>10.1002/ece3.10886</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38455148</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 08 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Remco Folkertsma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nathalie Charbonnel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heikki Henttonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marta Heroldová</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Otso Huitu</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Petr Kotlík</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Emiliano Manzo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Johanna L A Paijmans</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olivier Plantard</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Attila D Sándor</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Michael Hofreiter</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jana A Eccard</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-08</dc:date>
<dc:source>Ecology and evolution</dc:source>
<dc:title>Genomic signatures of climate adaptation in bank voles</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38455148</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10918726</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1002/ece3.10886</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Concerns about the histological assessment in a mouse model of human celiac disease</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38441347/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>No abstract</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Scand J Immunol. 2024 Mar;99(3):e13351. doi: 10.1111/sji.13351. Epub 2024 Jan 16.NO ABSTRACTPMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38441347/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38441347</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1111/sji.13351>10.1111/sji.13351</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38441347</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 05 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Tobias L Freitag</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Leif C Andersson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anja Kipar</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-05</dc:date>
<dc:source>Scandinavian journal of immunology</dc:source>
<dc:title>Concerns about the histological assessment in a mouse model of human celiac disease</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38441347</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1111/sji.13351</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>An international inter-laboratory study to compare digital PCR with ISO standardized qPCR assays for the detection of norovirus GI and GII in oyster tissue</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38431324/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>An optimized digital RT-PCR (RT-dPCR) assay for the detection of human norovirus GI and GII RNA was compared with ISO 15216-conform quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assays in an interlaboratory study (ILS) among eight laboratories. A duplex GI/GII RT-dPCR assay, based on the ISO 15216-oligonucleotides, was used on a Bio-Rad QX200 platform by six laboratories. Adapted assays for Qiagen Qiacuity or ThermoFisher QuantStudio 3D were used by one laboratory each. The ILS comprised...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Food Microbiol. 2024 Jun;120:104478. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104478. Epub 2024 Jan 12.ABSTRACTAn optimized digital RT-PCR (RT-dPCR) assay for the detection of human norovirus GI and GII RNA was compared with ISO 15216-conform quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assays in an interlaboratory study (ILS) among eight laboratories. A duplex GI/GII RT-dPCR assay, based on the ISO 15216-oligonucleotides, was used on a Bio-Rad QX200 platform by six laboratories. Adapted assays for Qiagen Qiacuity or ThermoFisher QuantStudio 3D were used by one laboratory each. The ILS comprised quantification of norovirus RNA in the absence of matrix and in oyster tissue samples. On average, results of the RT-dPCR assays were very similar to those obtained by RT-qPCR assays. The coefficient of variation (CV%) of norovirus GI results was, however, much lower for RT-dPCR than for RT-qPCR in intra-laboratory replicates (eight runs) and between the eight laboratories. The CV% of norovirus GII results was in the same range for both detection formats. Had in-house prepared dsDNA standards been used, the CV% of norovirus GII could have been in favor of the RT-dPCR assay. The ratio between RT-dPCR and RT-qPCR results varied per laboratory, despite using the distributed RT-qPCR dsDNA standards. The study indicates that the RT-dPCR assay is likely to increase uniformity of quantitative results between laboratories.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38431324/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38431324</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2024.104478>10.1016/j.fm.2024.104478</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38431324</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 02 Mar 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Ingeborg L A Boxman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ramia Molin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sofia Persson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna Juréus</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Claudia C C Jansen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nils P Sosef</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Soizick F Le Guyader</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Joanna Ollivier</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maija Summa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maria Hautaniemi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Elisabetta Suffredini</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Simona Di Pasquale</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mette Myrmel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mamata Khatri</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Urska Jamnikar-Ciglenecki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Darja Kusar</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dominik Moor</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lisa Butticaz</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>James A Lowther</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>David I Walker</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tina Stapleton</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Magnus Simonsson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>René A M Dirks</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-03-02</dc:date>
<dc:source>Food microbiology</dc:source>
<dc:title>An international inter-laboratory study to compare digital PCR with ISO standardized qPCR assays for the detection of norovirus GI and GII in oyster tissue</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38431324</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.fm.2024.104478</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Cellulase-assisted platelet-rich plasma release from nanofibrillated cellulose hydrogel enhances wound healing</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38423475/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a source of growth factors, which are implicated in active tissue regeneration. However, after transplantation the efficacy of these bioactive compounds is often diminished due to rapid degradation and untargeted localization. For this reason, we evaluated the potential of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) hydrogel as a PRP carrier. NFC hydrogel is an animal-free biomaterial that, when doped with cellulase, can assist the release of PRP in a wound site. In this study,...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Control Release. 2024 Apr;368:397-412. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.041. Epub 2024 Mar 6.ABSTRACTPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a source of growth factors, which are implicated in active tissue regeneration. However, after transplantation the efficacy of these bioactive compounds is often diminished due to rapid degradation and untargeted localization. For this reason, we evaluated the potential of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) hydrogel as a PRP carrier. NFC hydrogel is an animal-free biomaterial that, when doped with cellulase, can assist the release of PRP in a wound site. In this study, we examined the effects of 0.5% (m/v) NFC hydrogel formulations, including PRP and cellulase, on the migration and proliferation of skin cells via an in vitro scratch wound model. The suitability of the 0.8% NFC hydrogel formulations for accelerated wound healing and PRP carrying was studied in vitro in diffusion studies and in vivo in a full-thickness excisional wound model in SKH1 mice. None of the NFC hydrogel formulations with or without PRP and cellulase disturbed the normal cell behavior in vitro, and cellulase was successfully used to degrade NFC. NFC hydrogel slowed fibroblast migration rate in vitro. In vivo, NFC hydrogel treatment showed significantly enhanced re-epithelialization compared to control and supported collagen deposition. In addition, angiogenesis was significantly induced via PRP release after degrading NFC hydrogel with cellulase without abnormal host reaction. This study demonstrates the potential of NFC hydrogel with cellulase as a carrier for PRP with controlled release in future skin tissue engineering applications.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38423475/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38423475</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.041>10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.041</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38423475</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 29 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Elle Koivunotko</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Raili Koivuniemi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Julia Monola</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Riina Harjumäki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Chris S Pridgeon</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mari Madetoja</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jere Linden</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lauri Paasonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Saara Laitinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marjo Yliperttula</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-29</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society</dc:source>
<dc:title>Cellulase-assisted platelet-rich plasma release from nanofibrillated cellulose hydrogel enhances wound healing</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38423475</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.041</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Classification of feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated gene variants according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38371598/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>INTRODUCTION: The correct labeling of a genetic variant as pathogenic is important as breeding decisions based on incorrect DNA tests can lead to the unwarranted exclusion of animals, potentially compromising the long-term health of a population. In human medicine, the American college of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines provide a framework for variant classification. This study aims to apply these guidelines to six genetic variants associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in certain...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Front Vet Sci. 2024 Feb 2;11:1327081. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1327081. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: The correct labeling of a genetic variant as pathogenic is important as breeding decisions based on incorrect DNA tests can lead to the unwarranted exclusion of animals, potentially compromising the long-term health of a population. In human medicine, the American college of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines provide a framework for variant classification. This study aims to apply these guidelines to six genetic variants associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in certain cat breeds and to propose a modified criterion for variant classification.METHODS: Genetic samples were sourced from five cat breeds: Maine Coon, Sphynx, Ragdoll, Devon Rex, and British Short- and Longhair. Allele frequencies were determined, and in the subset with phenotypes available, odds ratios to determine the association with HCM were calculated. In silico evaluation followed with joint evidence and data from other publications assisting in the classification of each variant.RESULTS: Two variants, MYBPC3:c.91G > C [A31P] and MYBPC3:c.2453C > T [R818W], were designated as pathogenic. One variant, MYH7:c.5647G > A [E1883K], was found likely pathogenic, while the remaining three were labeled as variants of unknown significance.DISCUSSION: Routine genetic testing is advised solely for the MYBPC3:c.91G > C [A31P] in the Maine Coon and MYBPC3:c.2453C > T [R818W] in the Ragdoll breed. The human ACMG guidelines serve as a suitable foundational tool to ascertain which variants to include; however, refining them for application in veterinary medicine might be beneficial.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38371598/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38371598</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10873919/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10873919</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1327081>10.3389/fvets.2024.1327081</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38371598</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 19 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Fréderique Boeykens</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marie Abitbol</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heidi Anderson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tanushri Dargar</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paolo Ferrari</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Philip R Fox</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jessica J Hayward</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jens Häggström</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Stephen Davison</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mark D Kittleson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Frank van Steenbeek</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ingrid Ljungvall</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Leslie A Lyons</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maria Longeri</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Åsa Ohlsson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Luc Peelman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Caroline Dufaure de Citres</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pascale Smets</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maria Elena Turba</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Bart J G Broeckx</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-19</dc:date>
<dc:source>Frontiers in veterinary science</dc:source>
<dc:title>Classification of feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated gene variants according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38371598</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10873919</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1327081</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>The evolutionary significance of post-transcriptional gene regulation</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38366090/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>No abstract</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Heredity (Edinb). 2024 Mar;132(3):117-119. doi: 10.1038/s41437-024-00674-5. Epub 2024 Feb 16.NO ABSTRACTPMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38366090/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38366090</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10923911/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10923911</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41437-024-00674-5>10.1038/s41437-024-00674-5</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38366090</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 17 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Jukka-Pekka Verta</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Arne Jacobs</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-17</dc:date>
<dc:source>Heredity</dc:source>
<dc:title>The evolutionary significance of post-transcriptional gene regulation</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38366090</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10923911</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/s41437-024-00674-5</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Differentiation of highly pathogenic strains of human JC polyomavirus in neurological patients by next generation sequencing</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38364704/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSIONS: Rearranged NCCRs are predominant in brain tissue and common in CSF from PML patients. Extremely sensitive detection and identification of neurotropic viral populations in CSF or brain tissue by NGS may contribute to early and accurate diagnosis, timely intervention and improved patient care.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Clin Virol. 2024 Apr;171:105652. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105652. Epub 2024 Feb 12.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) persists asymptomatic in more than half of the human population. Immunocompromising conditions may cause reactivation and acquisition of neurotropic rearrangements in the viral genome, especially in the non-coding control region (NCCR). Such rearranged JCPyV strains are strongly associated with the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).METHODS: Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics tools, the NCCR was characterized in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; N = 21) and brain tissue (N = 16) samples from PML patients (N = 25), urine specimens from systemic lupus erythematosus patients (N = 2), brain tissue samples from control individuals (N = 2) and waste-water samples (N = 5). Quantitative PCR was run in parallel for diagnostic PML samples.RESULTS: Archetype NCCR (i.e. ABCDEF block structure) and archetype-like NCCR harboring minor mutations were detected in two CSF samples and in one CSF sample and in one tissue sample, respectively. Among samples from PML patients, rearranged NCCRs were found in 8 out of 21 CSF samples and in 14 out of 16 brain tissue samples. Complete or partial deletion of the C and D blocks was characteristic of most rearranged JCPyV strains. From ten CSF samples and one tissue sample NCCR could not be amplified.CONCLUSIONS: Rearranged NCCRs are predominant in brain tissue and common in CSF from PML patients. Extremely sensitive detection and identification of neurotropic viral populations in CSF or brain tissue by NGS may contribute to early and accurate diagnosis, timely intervention and improved patient care.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38364704/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38364704</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105652>10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105652</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38364704</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 16 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Eeva Auvinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anni Honkimaa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pia Laine</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sara Passerini</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ugo Moens</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Valeria Pietropaolo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mika Saarela</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Leena Maunula</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Laura Mannonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Tynninen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hannu Haapasalo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tuomas Rauramaa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Petri Auvinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hanna Liimatainen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-16</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology</dc:source>
<dc:title>Differentiation of highly pathogenic strains of human JC polyomavirus in neurological patients by next generation sequencing</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38364704</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105652</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Transmission of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates between Finnish- and foreign-born cases, 2014-2021: A molecular epidemiological study</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38364331/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSION: The risk of DR MTB transmission between Finnish- and foreign-born persons is not negligible. Further research on clustering analysis in drug-susceptible MTB is worth to inform tuberculosis management and control in low-incidence settings with increasing immigration.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2024 May;146:102492. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2024.102492. Epub 2024 Feb 12.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Data on the molecular epidemiology and transmission of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in low-incidence settings with immigration from high-incidence settings is limited.METHOD: We included 115 drug-resistant (DR) MTB isolates with whole-genome sequencing data isolated in Finland between 2014 and 2021. Potential transmission clusters were identified using a threshold of 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Highly related clusters were identified using a threshold of 5 SNPs.RESULT: Of the 115 DR MTB isolates, 31 (27.0%) isolates were from Finnish-born cases and 84 (73.0%) were from foreign-born cases. The proportion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) MTB isolates (30/84, 35.7%) from foreign-born cases was higher than that of MDR MTB isolates from Finnish-born cases (8/31, 25.8%). Lineage 2 (40/115, 34.8%) and lineage 4 (40/115, 34.8%) were the most prevalent lineages. A total of 25 (21.7%) isolates were classified into eight potential transmission clusters (≤12 SNPs). Furthermore, five highly related clusters (≤5 SNPs) were identified, including three DR MTB isolates from Finnish-born cases and 14 DR isolates from foreign-born cases.CONCLUSION: The risk of DR MTB transmission between Finnish- and foreign-born persons is not negligible. Further research on clustering analysis in drug-susceptible MTB is worth to inform tuberculosis management and control in low-incidence settings with increasing immigration.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38364331/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38364331</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2024.102492>10.1016/j.tube.2024.102492</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38364331</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 16 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Jiahui Zhu</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marjo Haanpera</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Silja Mentula</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hanna Soini</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Sironen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ravi Kant</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Fathiah Zakham</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-16</dc:date>
<dc:source>Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Transmission of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates between Finnish- and foreign-born cases, 2014-2021: A molecular epidemiological study</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38364331</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.tube.2024.102492</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Nanobody engineering for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and detection</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38363137/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>In response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the quest for coronavirus inhibitors has inspired research on a variety of small proteins beyond conventional antibodies, including robust single-domain antibody fragments, i.e., "nanobodies." Here, we explore the potential of nanobody engineering in the development of antivirals and diagnostic tools. Through fusion of nanobody domains that target distinct binding sites, we engineered multimodular nanobody constructs that neutralize wild-type...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Apr 2;12(4):e0419922. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.04199-22. Epub 2024 Feb 16.ABSTRACTIn response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the quest for coronavirus inhibitors has inspired research on a variety of small proteins beyond conventional antibodies, including robust single-domain antibody fragments, i.e., "nanobodies." Here, we explore the potential of nanobody engineering in the development of antivirals and diagnostic tools. Through fusion of nanobody domains that target distinct binding sites, we engineered multimodular nanobody constructs that neutralize wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and the Alpha and Delta variants at high potency, with IC50 values as low as 50 pM. Despite simultaneous binding to distinct epitopes, Beta and Omicron variants were more resistant to neutralization by the multimodular nanobodies, which highlights the importance of accounting for antigenic drift in the design of biologics. To further explore the applications of nanobody engineering in outbreak management, we present an assay based on fusions of nanobodies with fragments of NanoLuc luciferase that can detect sub-nanomolar quantities of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in a single step. Our work showcases the potential of nanobody engineering to combat emerging infectious diseases.IMPORTANCE: Nanobodies, small protein binders derived from the camelid antibody, are highly potent inhibitors of respiratory viruses that offer several advantages over conventional antibodies as candidates for specific therapies, including high stability and low production costs. In this work, we leverage the unique properties of nanobodies and apply them as building blocks for new therapeutic and diagnostic tools. We report ultra-potent SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by engineered nanobodies comprising multiple modules in structure-guided combinations and develop nanobodies that carry signal molecules, allowing rapid detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Our results highlight the potential of engineered nanobodies in the development of effective countermeasures, both therapeutic and diagnostic, to manage outbreaks of emerging viruses.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38363137/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38363137</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.04199-22>10.1128/spectrum.04199-22</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38363137</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 16 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Liina Hannula</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Suvi Kuivanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jonathan Lasham</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ravi Kant</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lauri Kareinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mariia Bogacheva</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tomas Strandin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Sironen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jussi Hepojoki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Vivek Sharma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Petri Saviranta</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anja Kipar</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Juha T Huiskonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ilona Rissanen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-16</dc:date>
<dc:source>Microbiology spectrum</dc:source>
<dc:title>Nanobody engineering for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and detection</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38363137</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1128/spectrum.04199-22</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Effects of alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonism and antagonism on equine blood insulin and glucose concentrations after oral carbohydrate load</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38360134/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist detomidine is a commonly used sedative agent in horses. In addition to the sedative effect, detomidine has been reported to elicit changes in energy metabolism such as hypoinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia. This study aimed to investigate the effects of detomidine with and without peripherally acting alpha-2-adrenoceptor antagonist vatinoxan on insulin and blood glucose (BG) concentrations in horses after a standard dose of oral carbohydrates. Sixteen horses were...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Vet J. 2024 Apr;304:106080. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106080. Epub 2024 Feb 14.ABSTRACTAlpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist detomidine is a commonly used sedative agent in horses. In addition to the sedative effect, detomidine has been reported to elicit changes in energy metabolism such as hypoinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia. This study aimed to investigate the effects of detomidine with and without peripherally acting alpha-2-adrenoceptor antagonist vatinoxan on insulin and blood glucose (BG) concentrations in horses after a standard dose of oral carbohydrates. Sixteen horses were assigned to four intravenous treatments in a randomised cross-over design: saline (SAL), detomidine (0.02 mg/kg; DET), vatinoxan (0.2 mg/kg; VAT), and a combination of detomidine and vatinoxan (DET+VAT). Horses were administered corn syrup (0.45 mL/kg) immediately before each treatment. Blood samples were collected until 360 min. The differences between treatments were evaluated with repeated measures analysis of covariance and change from baseline was used as a response. P<0.05 was considered significant. After oral carbohydrate load, DET reduced insulin (median 30 min nadir 3.7, min-max 0.6-7.4 µIU/mL) significantly compared with SAL (P<0.0001; 17.4, 9.3-65.4 µIU/mL) and DET+VAT (P=0.0005; 6.4, 2.9-12.9 µIU/mL). BG increased significantly after DET (peak; 130.5, 8.8-15.8 mmol/L) compared with SAL (P<0.0001; 8.7, 6.9-12.4 mmol/L) and DET+VAT (P<0.0001; 8.5, 6.8-10.6 mmol/L). Vatinoxan alone reduced BG (peak median 7.6, 7.0-9.9 mmol/L) compared with SAL (P=0.02) and delayed insulin responses to carbohydrates. In conclusion, vatinoxan alleviated the detomidine-induced changes (DET+VAT compared to DET) in insulin and BG after oral carbohydrate load. Additionally, vatinoxan is potentially able to modulate BG concentration and insulin response after oral carbohydrate administration in horses, but more research is warranted.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38360134/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38360134</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106080>10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106080</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38360134</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 15 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>I A M Hallman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>M R Raekallio</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>N Koho</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>M J Weckman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>N P Karikoski</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-15</dc:date>
<dc:source>Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Effects of alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonism and antagonism on equine blood insulin and glucose concentrations after oral carbohydrate load</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38360134</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106080</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Investigating the impact of vitrification on bovine ovarian tissue morphology, follicle survival, and transcriptomic signature</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38358432/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSION: Vitrification minimally affects tissue morphology, follicle density, and transcriptomic signature post-thawing. However, culture revealed notable changes in vitrified tissue samples, including reduced follicle density, decreased isolated follicle survival, and alteration in WNT signalling and ovarian hormonal regulation pathways, highlighted them as possible limitations of the current vitrification protocol.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Assist Reprod Genet. 2024 Apr;41(4):1035-1055. doi: 10.1007/s10815-024-03038-4. Epub 2024 Feb 15.ABSTRACTPURPOSE: Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is vital for fertility preservation, yet its effect on ovarian tissue follicle survival and transcriptomic signature requires further investigation. This study delves into the effects of vitrification on tissue morphology, function, and transcriptomic changes, helping to find possibilities for vitrification protocol improvements.METHODS: Ovarian cortex from 19 bovine animals were used to conduct pre- and post-vitrification culture followed by histological assessment, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL assay. Follicles' functionality was assessed for viability and growth within the tissue and in isolated cultures. RNA-sequencing of ovarian tissue was used to explore the transcriptomic alterations caused by vitrification.RESULTS: Follicle density, cell proliferation, and DNA damage in ovarian stroma were unaffected by vitrification. However, vitrified cultured tissue exhibited reduced follicle density of primordial/primary and antral follicles, while freshly cultured tissue manifested reduction of antral follicles. Increased stromal cell proliferation and DNA damage occurred in both groups post-culture. Isolated follicles from vitrified tissue exhibited similar viability to fresh follicles until day 4, after which the survival dropped. RNA-sequencing revealed minor effects of vitrification on transcriptomic signatures, while culture induced significant gene expression changes in both groups. The altered expression of WNT and hormonal regulation pathway genes post-vitrification suggests the molecular targets for vitrification protocol refinement.CONCLUSION: Vitrification minimally affects tissue morphology, follicle density, and transcriptomic signature post-thawing. However, culture revealed notable changes in vitrified tissue samples, including reduced follicle density, decreased isolated follicle survival, and alteration in WNT signalling and ovarian hormonal regulation pathways, highlighted them as possible limitations of the current vitrification protocol.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38358432/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38358432</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC11052753/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC11052753</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-024-03038-4>10.1007/s10815-024-03038-4</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38358432</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 15 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Spyridon P Deligiannis</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Keiu Kask</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Vijayachitra Modhukur</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nina Boskovic</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marilin Ivask</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ülle Jaakma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pauliina Damdimopoulou</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Timo Tuuri</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Agne Velthut-Meikas</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Andres Salumets</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-15</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics</dc:source>
<dc:title>Investigating the impact of vitrification on bovine ovarian tissue morphology, follicle survival, and transcriptomic signature</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38358432</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC11052753</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1007/s10815-024-03038-4</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Evaluation of risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in dogs</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38358051/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Brachycephaly decreases welfare in a multitude of ways, including disrupting sleep. Brachycephaly, increasing severity of BOAS and excess weight are risk factors for obstructive SDB.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Vet Intern Med. 2024 Mar-Apr;38(2):1135-1145. doi: 10.1111/jvim.17019. Epub 2024 Feb 15.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Brachycephalic dogs display sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). The risk factors for SDB remain unknown.OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors for SDB. We hypothesized that brachycephaly, increasing severity of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), excess weight, and aging predispose to SDB.ANIMALS: Sixty-three privately owned pet dogs were prospectively recruited: 28 brachycephalic and 35 normocephalic (mesaticephalic or dolicocephalic) dogs.METHODS: Prospective observational cross-sectional study with convenience sampling. Recording with the neckband was done over 1 night at each dog's home. The primary outcome measure was the obstructive respiratory event index (OREI). Body condition score (BCS) was assessed, and BOAS severity was graded for brachycephalic dogs.RESULTS: Brachycephaly was a significant risk factor for high OREI value (ratio of the geometric means 5.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.2-9.9; P < .001) but aging was not (1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.2; P = .2). Excess weight, defined as a BCS of over 5/9, (3.5, 95% CI 1.8-6.7; P < .001) was a significant risk factor. In brachycephalic dogs, BOAS-positive class (moderate or severe BOAS signs) was a significant risk factor (2.5, 95% CI 1.1-5.6; P = .03).CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Brachycephaly decreases welfare in a multitude of ways, including disrupting sleep. Brachycephaly, increasing severity of BOAS and excess weight are risk factors for obstructive SDB.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38358051/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38358051</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10937515/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10937515</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17019>10.1111/jvim.17019</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38358051</guid>
<pubDate>Thu, 15 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Iida Niinikoski</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sari-Leena Himanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mirja Tenhunen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mimma Aromaa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Liisa Lilja-Maula</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Minna M Rajamäki</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-15</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of veterinary internal medicine</dc:source>
<dc:title>Evaluation of risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in dogs</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38358051</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10937515</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1111/jvim.17019</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Stable Levels of Antibodies Against Unrelated Toxoid Vaccines After COVID-19: COVID-19 Infection Does Not Affect Toxoid Vaccine Antibody Levels</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38347963/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSIONS: We could not detect significant decline in overall humoral immunity during or after COVID-19 infection. In severe COVID-19, there appears to be a temporary decline in total IgG levels.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Pathog Immun. 2024 Feb 7;8(2):74-87. doi: 10.20411/pai.v8i2.627. eCollection 2023.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Lymphopenia is common in COVID-19. This has raised concerns that COVID-19 could affect the immune system akin to measles infection, which causes immune amnesia and a reduction in protective antibodies.METHODS: We recruited COVID-19 patients (n = 59) in Helsinki, Finland, and collected plasma samples on 2 to 3 occasions during and after infection. We measured IgG antibodies to diphtheria toxin, tetanus toxoid, and pertussis toxin, along with total IgG, SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG, and neutralizing antibodies. We also surveyed the participants for up to 17 months for long-term impaired olfaction as a proxy for prolonged post-acute COVID-19 symptoms.RESULTS: No significant differences were found in the unrelated vaccine responses while the serological response against COVID-19 was appropriate. During the acute phase of the disease, the SARSCoV-2 IgG levels were lower in outpatients when compared to inpatients. SARS-CoV-2 serology kinetics matched expectations. In the acute phase, anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria IgG levels were lower in patients with prolonged impaired olfaction during follow up than in those without.CONCLUSIONS: We could not detect significant decline in overall humoral immunity during or after COVID-19 infection. In severe COVID-19, there appears to be a temporary decline in total IgG levels.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38347963/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38347963</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10860543/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10860543</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.20411/pai.v8i2.627>10.20411/pai.v8i2.627</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38347963</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 13 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Suvi T Jokiranta</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Simo Miettinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sami Salonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lauri Kareinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ruut Uusitalo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Essi M Korhonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jenni Virtanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ilkka Kivistö</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kirsi Aaltonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dina A Mosselhy</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tinja Lääveri</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anu Kantele</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>T Petteri Arstila</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hanna Jarva</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Santtu Heinonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Eliisa Kekäläinen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-13</dc:date>
<dc:source>Pathogens & immunity</dc:source>
<dc:title>Stable Levels of Antibodies Against Unrelated Toxoid Vaccines After COVID-19: COVID-19 Infection Does Not Affect Toxoid Vaccine Antibody Levels</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38347963</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10860543</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.20411/pai.v8i2.627</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>The bii4africa dataset of faunal and floral population intactness estimates across Africa's major land uses</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38346970/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Sub-Saharan Africa is under-represented in global biodiversity datasets, particularly regarding the impact of land use on species' population abundances. Drawing on recent advances in expert elicitation to ensure data consistency, 200 experts were convened using a modified-Delphi process to estimate 'intactness scores': the remaining proportion of an 'intact' reference population of a species group in a particular land use, on a scale from 0 (no remaining individuals) to 1 (same abundance as the...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Sci Data. 2024 Feb 12;11(1):191. doi: 10.1038/s41597-023-02832-6.ABSTRACTSub-Saharan Africa is under-represented in global biodiversity datasets, particularly regarding the impact of land use on species' population abundances. Drawing on recent advances in expert elicitation to ensure data consistency, 200 experts were convened using a modified-Delphi process to estimate 'intactness scores': the remaining proportion of an 'intact' reference population of a species group in a particular land use, on a scale from 0 (no remaining individuals) to 1 (same abundance as the reference) and, in rare cases, to 2 (populations that thrive in human-modified landscapes). The resulting bii4africa dataset contains intactness scores representing terrestrial vertebrates (tetrapods: ±5,400 amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals) and vascular plants (±45,000 forbs, graminoids, trees, shrubs) in sub-Saharan Africa across the region's major land uses (urban, cropland, rangeland, plantation, protected, etc.) and intensities (e.g., large-scale vs smallholder cropland). This dataset was co-produced as part of the Biodiversity Intactness Index for Africa Project. Additional uses include assessing ecosystem condition; rectifying geographic/taxonomic biases in global biodiversity indicators and maps; and informing the Red List of Ecosystems.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38346970/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38346970</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10861571/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10861571</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02832-6>10.1038/s41597-023-02832-6</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38346970</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 12 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Hayley S Clements</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Emmanuel Do Linh San</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Gareth Hempson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Birthe Linden</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Bryan Maritz</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ara Monadjem</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Chevonne Reynolds</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Frances Siebert</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nicola Stevens</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Reinette Biggs</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alta De Vos</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ryan Blanchard</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Matthew Child</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Karen J Esler</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maike Hamann</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ty Loft</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Belinda Reyers</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Odirilwe Selomane</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Andrew L Skowno</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tshegofatso Tshoke</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Diarrassouba Abdoulaye</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thierry Aebischer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Graham J Alexander</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Abdullahi H Ali</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>David G Allan</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Esther E Amoako</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Samuel Angedakin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Edward Aruna</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nico L Avenant</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Gabriel Badjedjea</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Adama Bakayoko</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Abraham Bamba-Kaya</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Michael F Bates</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paul J J Bates</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Steven R Belmain</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Emily Bennitt</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>James Bradley</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Chris A Brewster</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Michael B Brown</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Michelle Brown</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Josef Bryja</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas M Butynski</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Filipe Carvalho</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alan Channing</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Colin A Chapman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Callan Cohen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marina Cords</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jennifer D Cramer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nadine Cronk</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pamela M K Cunneyworth</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Fredrik Dalerum</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Emmanuel Danquah</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Harriet T Davies-Mostert</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Andrew D de Blocq</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Yvonne A De Jong</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Terrence C Demos</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christiane Denys</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Chabi A M S Djagoun</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas M Doherty-Bone</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marine Drouilly</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Johan T du Toit</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>David A Ehlers Smith</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Yvette C Ehlers Smith</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Seth J Eiseb</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Peter J Fashing</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Adam W Ferguson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>José M Fernández-García</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Manfred Finckh</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Claude Fischer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Edson Gandiwa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Philippe Gaubert</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jerome Y Gaugris</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dalton J Gibbs</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jason S Gilchrist</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jose M Gil-Sánchez</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anthony N Githitho</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Peter S Goodman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Laurent Granjon</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>J Paul Grobler</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Bonginkosi C Gumbi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Vaclav Gvozdik</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>James Harvey</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Morgan Hauptfleisch</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Firas Hayder</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Emmanuel M Hema</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marna Herbst</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mariano Houngbédji</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Brian J Huntley</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Rainer Hutterer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Samuel T Ivande</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kate Jackson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Gregory F M Jongsma</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Javier Juste</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Blaise Kadjo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Prince K Kaleme</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Edwin Kamugisha</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Beth A Kaplin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Humphrey N Kato</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christian Kiffner</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Duncan M Kimuyu</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Robert M Kityo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>N'goran G Kouamé</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marcel Kouete T</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Aliza le Roux</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alan T K Lee</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mervyn C Lötter</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anne Mette Lykke</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Duncan N MacFadyen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Gacheru P Macharia</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Zimkitha J K Madikiza</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Themb'alilahlwa A M Mahlaba</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>David Mallon</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mnqobi L Mamba</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Claude Mande</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Rob A Marchant</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Robin A Maritz</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Wanda Markotter</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Trevor McIntyre</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>John Measey</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Addisu Mekonnen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paulina Meller</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Haemish I Melville</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kevin Z Mganga</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Michael G L Mills</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Liaan Minnie</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alain Didier Missoup</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Abubakr Mohammad</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Nancy N Moinde</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Bakwo Fils E Moise</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pedro Monterroso</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jennifer F Moore</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Simon Musila</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sedjro Gilles A Nago</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maganizo W Namoto</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Fatimata Niang</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Violaine Nicolas</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jerry B Nkenku</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Evans E Nkrumah</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Gonwouo L Nono</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mulavwa M Norbert</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Katarzyna Nowak</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Benneth C Obitte</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Arnold D Okoni-Williams</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jonathan Onongo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>M Justin O'Riain</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Samuel T Osinubi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Daniel M Parker</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Francesca Parrini</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mike J S Peel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Johannes Penner</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Darren W Pietersen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Andrew J Plumptre</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Damian W Ponsonby</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Stefan Porembski</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>R John Power</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Frans G T Radloff</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ramugondo V Rambau</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tharmalingam Ramesh</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Leigh R Richards</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mark-Oliver Rödel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dominic P Rollinson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Francesco Rovero</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mostafa A Saleh</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ute Schmiedel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>M Corrie Schoeman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paul Scholte</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas L Serfass</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Julie Teresa Shapiro</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sidney Shema</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Stefan J Siebert</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jasper A Slingsby</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Alexander Sliwa</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hanneline A Smit-Robinson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Etotepe A Sogbohossou</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Michael J Somers</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Stephen Spawls</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jarryd P Streicher</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Lourens Swanepoel</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Iroro Tanshi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Peter J Taylor</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>William A Taylor</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mariska Te Beest</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paul T Telfer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dave I Thompson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Elie Tobi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Krystal A Tolley</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Andrew A Turner</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Wayne Twine</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Victor Van Cakenberghe</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Frederik Van de Perre</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Helga van der Merwe</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Chris J G van Niekerk</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pieter C V van Wyk</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jan A Venter</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Luke Verburgt</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Geraldine Veron</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Susanne Vetter</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maria S Vorontsova</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas C Wagner</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paul W Webala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Natalie Weber</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sina M Weier</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paula A White</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Melissa A Whitecross</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Benjamin J Wigley</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Frank J Willems</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Christiaan W Winterbach</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Galena M Woodhouse</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-12</dc:date>
<dc:source>Scientific data</dc:source>
<dc:title>The bii4africa dataset of faunal and floral population intactness estimates across Africa's major land uses</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38346970</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10861571</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02832-6</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Veterinarians and zoonotic pathogens, infections and diseases - questionnaire study and case series, Finland</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38344824/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>BACKGROUND: Veterinarians are at risk for numerous zoonotic infections. In this paper, we summarise descriptions of zoonotic infections from a questionnaire study and a series of work-related zoonotic cases, aiming to add to the knowledge on occupational zoonotic risks of veterinarians.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Infect Dis (Lond). 2024 May;56(5):384-392. doi: 10.1080/23744235.2024.2313662. Epub 2024 Feb 12.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Veterinarians are at risk for numerous zoonotic infections. In this paper, we summarise descriptions of zoonotic infections from a questionnaire study and a series of work-related zoonotic cases, aiming to add to the knowledge on occupational zoonotic risks of veterinarians.METHODS: We collected data on zoonotic infections contracted by veterinarians in Finland in two studies:1) using a questionnaire in 2009, and 2) inviting veterinarians who had encountered an occupational zoonosis to report it in structured interviews in 2019.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In the questionnaire study in 2009, of 306 veterinarians several reported zoonotic bacterial skin infections (12%), dermatophytosis (ringworm; 4.2%), virus infections (3.9%), bacterial gastroenteritis (3.3%), other bacterial zoonoses (2.3%), and parasitic infections/infestations (2.3%). In the 2019 interviews, 16 occupational zoonosis cases were reported. Of them, seven were selected to the case series. The selected cases included Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis following a dog bite, cryptosporidiosis after a contact with calves, cutaneous listeriosis following calving assistance, Salmonella gastroenteritis contracted at laboratory, Trichophyton dermatophytosis after equine contact, Bacillus anthracis exposure at necropsy, and exposure to rabies through a horse bite. In four of the seven cases, the veterinarian disagreed or strongly disagreed with having had good knowledge of the zoonosis before the incident. The results from the questionnaire study and the case series illustrate the variety of zoonotic pathogens that veterinarians may encounter. There is a need to improve the occupational health of veterinarians and to increase awareness in the occupational health sector. We encourage addressing this need using a One Health approach.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38344824/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38344824</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2024.2313662>10.1080/23744235.2024.2313662</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38344824</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 12 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Pikka Jokelainen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna-Maija K Virtala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Saara Raulo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anu Kantele</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Paula M Kinnunen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-12</dc:date>
<dc:source>Infectious diseases (London, England)</dc:source>
<dc:title>Veterinarians and zoonotic pathogens, infections and diseases - questionnaire study and case series, Finland</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38344824</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1080/23744235.2024.2313662</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Polyphenol- and Glucuronoxylan-Rich Fiber Extract from Birch (Betula sp.) Wood Regulates Colonic Barrier Function and Cell Proliferation in Healthy Rats</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38343302/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Birch wood-derived fiber extracts containing glucuronoxylans (GX) and polyphenols show potential for various food technological applications. This study investigated the effect of two extracts, GXpoly and pureGX, differing in lignin content on colonic barrier function. Healthy rats were fed diets containing 10% GXpoly, pureGX, or cellulose for 4 weeks. Colon crypt depth was lower in the GX groups than in the control group, but in the proximal colon, the result was significant only in GXpoly. An...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Feb 21;72(7):3495-3505. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07757. Epub 2024 Feb 11.ABSTRACTBirch wood-derived fiber extracts containing glucuronoxylans (GX) and polyphenols show potential for various food technological applications. This study investigated the effect of two extracts, GXpoly and pureGX, differing in lignin content on colonic barrier function. Healthy rats were fed diets containing 10% GXpoly, pureGX, or cellulose for 4 weeks. Colon crypt depth was lower in the GX groups than in the control group, but in the proximal colon, the result was significant only in GXpoly. An artificial intelligence approach was established to measure the mucus content and goblet cells. In the distal colon, their amounts were higher in the control group than in the GX groups. All diets had a similar effect on the expression of the tight junction proteins occludin, claudin-1, and claudin-7. GXpoly enhanced the fecal IgA production. Our results suggest that GX-rich extracts could support the colonic barrier and work as functional food ingredients in the future.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38343302/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38343302</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07757>10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07757</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38343302</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 12 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Emma Kynkäänniemi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jere Lindén</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Suchaya Ngambundit</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Laura A Saarimäki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dario Greco</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Hana Slaba</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Maarit H Lahtinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kirsi S Mikkonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anne-Maria Pajari</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-12</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</dc:source>
<dc:title>Polyphenol- and Glucuronoxylan-Rich Fiber Extract from Birch (Betula sp.) Wood Regulates Colonic Barrier Function and Cell Proliferation in Healthy Rats</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38343302</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07757</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38338104/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Digital dermatitis is a disease of the digital skin and causes lameness and welfare problems in dairy cattle. This study assessed the local and systemic inflammatory responses of cows with different digital dermatitis lesions and compared macroscopical and histological findings. Cow feet (n = 104) were evaluated macroscopically and skin biopsies histologically. Serum samples were analyzed for acute phase proteins (serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Animals (Basel). 2024 Jan 31;14(3):461. doi: 10.3390/ani14030461.ABSTRACTDigital dermatitis is a disease of the digital skin and causes lameness and welfare problems in dairy cattle. This study assessed the local and systemic inflammatory responses of cows with different digital dermatitis lesions and compared macroscopical and histological findings. Cow feet (n = 104) were evaluated macroscopically and skin biopsies histologically. Serum samples were analyzed for acute phase proteins (serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Cows with macroscopically graded active lesions (p = 0.028) and non-active lesions (p = 0.008) had higher interleukin-1 beta levels in their serum compared to healthy cows. Interleukin-1 beta serum concentrations were also higher (p = 0.042) when comparing lesions with necrosis to lesions without necrosis. There was no difference when other cytokine or acute phase protein concentrations in healthy cows were compared to those in cows with different digital dermatitis lesions. A novel histopathological grading was developed based on the chronicity of the lesions and presence of necrosis and ulceration. The presence and number of spirochetes were graded separately. In the most severe chronic lesions, there was marked epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis with necrosis, deep ulceration, and suppurative inflammation. Spirochetes were found only in samples from necrotic lesions. This study established that digital dermatitis activates proinflammatory cytokines. However, this did not initiate the release of acute phase proteins from the liver. A histopathological grading that takes into account the age and severity of the lesions and presence of spirochetes was developed to better understand the progression of the disease. It is proposed that necrosis of the skin is a result of ischemic necrosis following reduced blood flow in the dermal papillae due to pressure and shear stress caused by thickened epidermis, and that the spirochetes are secondary invaders following tissue necrosis.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38338104/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38338104</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10854651/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10854651</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14030461>10.3390/ani14030461</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38338104</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 10 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Hertta Pirkkalainen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Aino Riihimäki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Taru Lienemann</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Marjukka Anttila</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Minna Kujala-Wirth</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Päivi Rajala-Schultz</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heli Simojoki</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Timo Soveri</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Toomas Orro</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-10</dc:date>
<dc:source>Animals : an open access journal from MDPI</dc:source>
<dc:title>Local and Systemic Inflammation in Finnish Dairy Cows with Digital Dermatitis</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38338104</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10854651</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/ani14030461</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Melatonin Administration Enhances Testicular Volume, Testicular Blood Flow, Semen Parameters and Antioxidant Status during the Non-Breeding Season in Bafra Rams</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38338085/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Our objectives were to investigate the effects of exogenous melatonin on testicular volume (TV), testicular blood flow (TBF), and semen quality in Bafra rams during the non-breeding season. One group of rams (MEL, n = 5) received a 36 mg melatonin implant twice, with 30 days in between, while the other group (CON, n = 5) served as the control. TBF, TV, and semen quality parameters were determined at three-week intervals starting three weeks before until twelve weeks after the first melatonin...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Animals (Basel). 2024 Jan 29;14(3):442. doi: 10.3390/ani14030442.ABSTRACTOur objectives were to investigate the effects of exogenous melatonin on testicular volume (TV), testicular blood flow (TBF), and semen quality in Bafra rams during the non-breeding season. One group of rams (MEL, n = 5) received a 36 mg melatonin implant twice, with 30 days in between, while the other group (CON, n = 5) served as the control. TBF, TV, and semen quality parameters were determined at three-week intervals starting three weeks before until twelve weeks after the first melatonin implant. Testicular blood flow was determined in the supratesticular (STA) and marginal testicular artery (MA) using color Doppler ultrasound. Semen was collected and evaluated, and the total oxidative status (TOS) and total antioxidative status (TAS) was determined using an ELISA. The MEL group had increased (p < 0.05) TV between the sixth and twelfth week after the start of treatment. Overall, the MEL group had lower resistance and pulsatility indexes (p < 0.05) between the third and ninth week, although there was no difference (p > 0.05) between the two groups in most semen quality parameters. However, TAS concentrations increased (p < 0.05) in the MEL group compared with the CON. The results of this study show that exogenous melatonin in the non-breeding season significantly increased both TBF and TV in Bafra rams. Therefore, giving rams implants with 36 mg melatonin twice at least one month prior to the non-breeding season is expected to improve testicular size and function and reproductive capacity.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38338085/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38338085</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10854573/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10854573</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14030442>10.3390/ani14030442</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38338085</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 10 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Melih Akar</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mesut Çevik</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Adem Kocaman</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Cumali Kaya</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Burcu Esin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Stefan Björkman</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-10</dc:date>
<dc:source>Animals : an open access journal from MDPI</dc:source>
<dc:title>Melatonin Administration Enhances Testicular Volume, Testicular Blood Flow, Semen Parameters and Antioxidant Status during the Non-Breeding Season in Bafra Rams</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38338085</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10854573</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.3390/ani14030442</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Dimensional and spatial computed tomographic abnormalities of the rectum and prostate are only partly reversible after surgical repair of perineal hernia in dogs</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38318920/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Caudal protrusion of pelvic organs and dilatation and deviation of the rectum with perineal hernia (PH) have not previously been studied using CT, and it is not known how completely the changes normalize after PH repair. Objectives of this prospective experimental case series were to evaluate the dimensions and shape of the rectum and the volume, location, and other features (enhancement pattern, presence of cysts, and mineralizations) of the prostate of 66 dogs on CT before and 3 months after...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2024 Mar;65(2):157-169. doi: 10.1111/vru.13341. Epub 2024 Feb 6.ABSTRACTCaudal protrusion of pelvic organs and dilatation and deviation of the rectum with perineal hernia (PH) have not previously been studied using CT, and it is not known how completely the changes normalize after PH repair. Objectives of this prospective experimental case series were to evaluate the dimensions and shape of the rectum and the volume, location, and other features (enhancement pattern, presence of cysts, and mineralizations) of the prostate of 66 dogs on CT before and 3 months after PH repair. The rectal cross-sectional areas were measured at intrapelvic and caudal locations, and the shape was categorized as straight, deviated, flexure, or caudal fold on dorsal images. According to paired samples t-tests, the caudal rectal dimensions were significantly larger (P < .001) than the intrapelvic dimensions both before and 3 months after PH repair, and according to linear mixed models, the intrapelvic dimensions increased significantly (P < .001) after repair. Before PH repair, the most common rectal shape was flexure (69.2%); after repair, the number of dogs having a straight rectum increased significantly (P < .001) according to the McNemar paired-samples proportion test. We were also able to show that rectal dimensions increased after PH repair despite straightening in most dogs. According to the linear mixed model, prostate ratio volume, and according to Wilcoxon signed ranks test, the number of prostates with intraprostatic cysts decreased significantly (both P < .001) after PH repair, but the proportion of prostates located in the caudal or perineal area did not. Small mineralizations remained in some dogs.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38318920/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38318920</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.13341>10.1111/vru.13341</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38318920</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 06 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Hanna M Salonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tuuli M Åhlberg</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Outi M Laitinen-Vapaavuori</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sari H Mölsä</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-06</dc:date>
<dc:source>Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association</dc:source>
<dc:title>Dimensional and spatial computed tomographic abnormalities of the rectum and prostate are only partly reversible after surgical repair of perineal hernia in dogs</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38318920</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1111/vru.13341</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in southern Finland</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38317243/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSIONS: Wild rabbits living in Finland have very low serum 25(OH)D concentrations. This is far below the previously suggested threshold of vitamin D deficiency in rabbits (17 ng/mL) or the mean 25(OH)D concentration reported in Finnish pet rabbits (26.0 ng/mL). Seasonal variation was not observed in 25(OH)D concentrations between winter and summer months. Even though rabbits are crepuscular animals and may spend the mid-day in underground burrows, the very low observed 25(OH)D...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Acta Vet Scand. 2024 Feb 6;66(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13028-024-00726-0.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Diet and endogenous vitamin D synthesis are possible sources of vitamin D in wild rabbits. Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations have been reported in rabbits after artificial UVB light exposure than in rabbits without this exposure, suggesting that endogenous vitamin D synthesis occurs in the former group. In Finnish pet rabbits, diet was reported as main source of vitamin D, while outdoor access was not. Finland's northern location only enables endogenous synthesis from mid-March to mid-October in people with light skin type. Living conditions during winter are challenging for Finnish wild rabbits. This study aimed to measure serum 25(OH)D concentrations and possible natural seasonal variation of vitamin D concentrations in Finnish wild rabbits.RESULTS: Post-mortem blood samples (n = 78) were collected between 2013 and 2021 from wild rabbits hunted for reduction of the wild rabbit population. Separated sera were stored at - 80 °C until 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Data regarding sex were available from 50 rabbits, 29 (58%) of which were females. Mean 25(OH)D concentration was 3.3 (range 0.3-7.1) ng/ml. 25(OH)D concentration was statistically similar between season (autumn, winter, summer), month or year of sample collection, and sex.CONCLUSIONS: Wild rabbits living in Finland have very low serum 25(OH)D concentrations. This is far below the previously suggested threshold of vitamin D deficiency in rabbits (17 ng/mL) or the mean 25(OH)D concentration reported in Finnish pet rabbits (26.0 ng/mL). Seasonal variation was not observed in 25(OH)D concentrations between winter and summer months. Even though rabbits are crepuscular animals and may spend the mid-day in underground burrows, the very low observed 25(OH)D concentrations raise doubt about whether vitamin D synthesis occurs efficiently in the skin of rabbits and whether the diet of wild rabbits provides adequate amounts of vitamin D. Cutaneous vitamin D synthesis, possible long-term consequences of low 25(OH)D concentrations, and the association of low vitamin D status with other health disorders warrant further investigations in rabbits.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38317243/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38317243</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10845632/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10845632</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-024-00726-0>10.1186/s13028-024-00726-0</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38317243</guid>
<pubDate>Mon, 05 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Johanna Mäkitaipale</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pinja Hietanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Thomas Grönthal</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-05</dc:date>
<dc:source>Acta veterinaria Scandinavica</dc:source>
<dc:title>Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in southern Finland</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38317243</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10845632</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1186/s13028-024-00726-0</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Intrauterine devices influence prostaglandin secretion by equine uterus: in vitro and in vivo studies</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38310284/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSION: We conclude that the application of IUD may mimic the equine conceptus presence through the physical contact with the endometrium altering PG synthase transcription, and act as a potent modulator of endometrial PG secretion both in vitro and in vivo.</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>BMC Vet Res. 2024 Feb 3;20(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-03889-0.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Intrauterine devices (IUD) are used in the veterinary practice as the non-pharmacological method of oestrus suppression in mares. When placed in the uterus, IUD create a physical contact with the endometrium that mimics the presence of an equine embryo. However, the mechanism of their action has not been fully elucidated. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of mechanical stimulation of IUD on mare`s endometrium in both in vitro and in vivo study. For this purpose, we demonstrated the effect of IUD on prostaglandin (PG) F2α and PGE2 secretion, and mRNA transcription of genes involved in PG synthesis pathway in equine endometrial cells in vitro. In the in vivo study, we aimed to compare short-term effect of IUD inserted on day 0 (oestrus) with day 5-6 post-ovulation (the specific time when embryo reaches uterus after fertilization) on PG secretion from equine endometrium. To determine the long-term effect on PG synthase mRNA transcription, a single endometrial biopsy was taken only once within each group of mares at certain time points of the estrous cycle from mares placement with IUD on days 0 or 5-6 post-ovualtion.RESULTS: We showed for the first time that the incubation of the endometrial cells with the presence of IUD altered the pattern of PG synthase mRNA transcription in equine epithelial and stromal endometrial cells. In vivo, in mares placement with IUD on day 0, PGE2 concentrations in blood plasma were upregulated between 1 and 6, and at 10 h after the IUD insertion, compared with the control mares (P < 0.05). Moreover, the decrease of PTGFS mRNA transcription on day 16- 18, associated with an elevation in PTGES mRNA transcription on day 20 -21 of the estrous cycle in endometrial biopsies collected from mares placement with IUD on days 5-6 suggest an antiluteolytic action of IUD during the estrous cycle.CONCLUSION: We conclude that the application of IUD may mimic the equine conceptus presence through the physical contact with the endometrium altering PG synthase transcription, and act as a potent modulator of endometrial PG secretion both in vitro and in vivo.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38310284/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38310284</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10837974/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10837974</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-03889-0>10.1186/s12917-024-03889-0</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38310284</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 03 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Katarzyna Karolina Piotrowska-Tomala</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Agnieszka Walentyna Jonczyk</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anna Szóstek-Mioduchowska</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Takuo Hojo</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Ewelina Żebrowska</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Terttu Katila</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Graca Ferreira-Dias</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Dariusz Jan Skarzynski</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-03</dc:date>
<dc:source>BMC veterinary research</dc:source>
<dc:title>Intrauterine devices influence prostaglandin secretion by equine uterus: in vitro and in vivo studies</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38310284</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10837974</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1186/s12917-024-03889-0</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Genes and pathways revealed by whole transcriptome analysis of milk derived bovine mammary epithelial cells after Escherichia coli challenge</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38303095/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>Mastitis, inflammation of the mammary gland, is the costliest disease in dairy cattle and a major animal welfare concern. Mastitis is usually caused by bacteria, of which staphylococci, streptococci and Escherichia coli are most frequently isolated from bovine mastitis. Bacteria activate the mammary immune system in variable ways, thereby influencing the severity of the disease. Escherichia coli is a common cause of mastitis in cattle causing both subclinical and clinical mastitis. Understanding...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Vet Res. 2024 Feb 1;55(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13567-024-01269-y.ABSTRACTMastitis, inflammation of the mammary gland, is the costliest disease in dairy cattle and a major animal welfare concern. Mastitis is usually caused by bacteria, of which staphylococci, streptococci and Escherichia coli are most frequently isolated from bovine mastitis. Bacteria activate the mammary immune system in variable ways, thereby influencing the severity of the disease. Escherichia coli is a common cause of mastitis in cattle causing both subclinical and clinical mastitis. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms that activate and regulate the host response would be central to effective prevention of mastitis and breeding of cows more resistant to mastitis. We used primary bovine mammary epithelial cell cultures extracted noninvasively from bovine milk samples to monitor the cellular responses to Escherichia coli challenge. Differences in gene expression between control and challenged cells were studied by total RNA-sequencing at two time points post-challenge. In total, 150 and 440 (Padj < 0.05) differentially expressed genes were identified at 3 h and 24 h post-challenge, respectively. The differentially expressed genes were mostly upregulated at 3 h (141/150) and 24 h (424/440) post-challenge. Our results are in line with known effects of E. coli infection, with a strong early inflammatory response mediated by pathogen receptor families. Among the most significantly enriched early KEGG pathways were the TNF signalling pathway, the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and the NF-kappa B signalling pathway. At 24 h post-challenge, most significantly enriched were the Influenza A, the NOD-like receptor signalling, and the IL-17 signaling pathway.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38303095/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38303095</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10835992/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10835992</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-024-01269-y>10.1186/s13567-024-01269-y</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38303095</guid>
<pubDate>Fri, 02 Feb 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Terhi Iso-Touru</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Frank Panitz</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Daniel Fischer</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Minna K Kyläniemi</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Suvi Taponen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jonna Tabell</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anneli Virta</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Johanna Vilkki</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-02-02</dc:date>
<dc:source>Veterinary research</dc:source>
<dc:title>Genes and pathways revealed by whole transcriptome analysis of milk derived bovine mammary epithelial cells after Escherichia coli challenge</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38303095</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10835992</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1186/s13567-024-01269-y</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>SARS-CoV-2 infections among pregnant women, 2020, Finland-Cross-testing of neutralization assays</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38293724/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>We studied the development of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in southern Finland in 2020 and evaluated the performance of two surrogate immunoassays for the detection of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). The data set consisted of 12 000 retrospectively collected samples from pregnant women in their first trimester throughout 2020. All the samples were initially screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG) with SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody assay (EIM-S1,...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>J Med Virol. 2024 Feb;96(2):e29415. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29415.ABSTRACTWe studied the development of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in southern Finland in 2020 and evaluated the performance of two surrogate immunoassays for the detection of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). The data set consisted of 12 000 retrospectively collected samples from pregnant women in their first trimester throughout 2020. All the samples were initially screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG) with SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody assay (EIM-S1, Euroimmun) followed by confirmation with nucleocapsid antibody assay (Architect SARS-CoV-2, Abbott). Samples that were reactive (positive or borderline) with both assays were subjected to testing with commercial surrogate immunoassays of NeutraLISA (EIM) and cPassTM (GenScript Biotech Corporation) by using pseudoneutralization assay (PNAbA) as a golden standard. No seropositive cases were detected between January and March. Between April and December, IgG (EIM-S1 and Abbott positive) and NAb (PNAbA positive) seroprevalences were between 0.4% and 1.4%. NeutraLISA showed 90% and cPass 55% concordant results with PNAbA among PNAbA negative samples and 49% and 92% among PNAbA positive samples giving NeutraLISA better specificity but lower sensitivity than cPass. To conclude, seroprevalence in pregnant women reflected that of the general population but the variability of the performance of serological protocols needs to be taken into account in inter-study comparison.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38293724/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38293724</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.29415>10.1002/jmv.29415</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38293724</guid>
<pubDate>Wed, 31 Jan 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Jenni Virtanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Essi M Korhonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sami Salonen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olli Vapalahti</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Sironen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anne J Jääskeläinen</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-01-31</dc:date>
<dc:source>Journal of medical virology</dc:source>
<dc:title>SARS-CoV-2 infections among pregnant women, 2020, Finland-Cross-testing of neutralization assays</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38293724</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1002/jmv.29415</dc:identifier>
</item>
<item>
<title>Clinically relevant sequence types of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae detected in Finnish wastewater in 2021-2022</title>
<link>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38291521/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=None&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&fc=None&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414</link>
<description>CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the presence of clinically relevant strains of CP E. coli and K. pneumoniae in community wastewater. The results indicate that wastewater surveillance could serve as a monitoring tool for CP Enterobacterales. However, the specificity and sensitivity of the methods should be improved, and technologies, like advanced sequencing methods, should be utilized to distinguish data with public health relevance, harness the full potential of wastewater surveillance, and...</description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div>Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2024 Jan 30;13(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s13756-024-01370-z.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical threat to human health. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are clinically the most important species associated with AMR and are the most common carbapenemase-producing (CP) Enterobacterales detected in human specimens in Finland. Wastewater surveillance has emerged as a potential approach for population-level surveillance of AMR, as wastewater could offer a reflection from a larger population with one sample and minimal recognized ethical issues. In this study, we investigated the potential of wastewater surveillance to detect CP E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains similar to those detected in human specimens.METHODS: Altogether, 89 composite samples of untreated community wastewater were collected from 10 wastewater treatment plants across Finland in 2021-2022. CP E. coli and K. pneumoniae were isolated using selective culture media and identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion test and broth microdilution method, and a subset of isolates was characterized using whole-genome sequencing.RESULTS: CP E. coli was detected in 26 (29.2%) and K. pneumoniae in 25 (28.1%) samples. Among E. coli, the most common sequence type (ST) was ST410 (n = 7/26, 26.9%), while ST359 (n = 4/25, 16.0%) predominated among K. pneumoniae. Globally successful STs were detected in both E. coli (ST410, ST1284, ST167, and ST405) and K. pneumoniae (ST512, ST101, and ST307). K. pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) were the most common carbapenemases in both E. coli (n = 11/26, 42.3%) and K. pneumoniae (n = 13/25, 52.0%), yet also other carbapenemases, such as blaNDM-5, blaOXA-48, and blaOXA-181, were detected. We detected isolates harboring similar ST and enzyme type combinations previously linked to clusters in Finland, such as E. coli ST410 with blaKPC-2 and K. pneumoniae ST512 with blaKPC-3.CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the presence of clinically relevant strains of CP E. coli and K. pneumoniae in community wastewater. The results indicate that wastewater surveillance could serve as a monitoring tool for CP Enterobacterales. However, the specificity and sensitivity of the methods should be improved, and technologies, like advanced sequencing methods, should be utilized to distinguish data with public health relevance, harness the full potential of wastewater surveillance, and implement the data in public health surveillance.PMID:<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38291521/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">38291521</a> | PMC:<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC10829384/?utm_source=Feedvalidator&utm_medium=rss&utm_content=14czX-i9THTeCLgNq1i0-wQkRV9Z03cz2_ZexMfJADhczHggsu&ff=20240502090752&v=2.18.0.post9+e462414">PMC10829384</a> | DOI:<a href=https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01370-z>10.1186/s13756-024-01370-z</a></div>]]></content:encoded>
<guid isPermaLink="false">pubmed:38291521</guid>
<pubDate>Tue, 30 Jan 2024 06:00:00 -0500</pubDate>
<dc:creator>Viivi Heljanko</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Olga Tyni</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Venla Johansson</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Jussa-Pekka Virtanen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kati Räisänen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Kirsi-Maarit Lehto</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Anssi Lipponen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sami Oikarinen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Tarja Pitkänen</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>WastPan Study Group</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Annamari Heikinheimo</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2024-01-30</dc:date>
<dc:source>Antimicrobial resistance and infection control</dc:source>
<dc:title>Clinically relevant sequence types of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae detected in Finnish wastewater in 2021-2022</dc:title>
<dc:identifier>pmid:38291521</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>pmc:PMC10829384</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.1186/s13756-024-01370-z</dc:identifier>
</item>
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