It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study #145219943998 (2025-02-07)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study #145219943998 (2025-02-07)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-07T07:11:04Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Michelle Turner" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study #145219943998 (2025-02-07)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Michelle Turner",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-07T07:11:04Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/145219943998"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://000128.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "145219943998",
  52.            "abstract": "Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study #145219943998 (2025-02-07)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Michelle Turner",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-07T07:11:04Z",
  58.                "url": "https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study" title="Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Michelle Turner</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-07</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Michelle Turner for contributing the article "Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study" title="Framing Effects in Microtransaction Pricing: A Behavioral Study" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research examines the role of geolocation-based augmented reality (AR) games in transforming how urban spaces are perceived and interacted with by players. The study investigates how AR mobile games such as Pokémon Go integrate physical locations into gameplay, creating a hybrid digital-physical experience. The paper explores the implications of geolocation-based games for urban planning, public space use, and social interaction, considering both the positive and negative effects of blending virtual experiences with real-world environments. It also addresses ethical concerns regarding data privacy, surveillance, and the potential for gamifying everyday spaces in ways that affect public life.</p>
  100. <p>This research applies behavioral economics theories to the analysis of in-game purchasing behavior in mobile games, exploring how psychological factors such as loss aversion, framing effects, and the endowment effect influence players' spending decisions. The study investigates the role of game design in encouraging or discouraging spending behavior, particularly within free-to-play models that rely on microtransactions. The paper examines how developers use pricing strategies, scarcity mechanisms, and rewards to motivate players to make purchases, and how these strategies impact player satisfaction, long-term retention, and overall game profitability. The research also considers the ethical concerns associated with in-game purchases, particularly in relation to vulnerable players.</p>
  101. <p>This study investigates the effectiveness of gamified fitness elements in mobile games as a means of promoting physical activity and improving health outcomes. The research analyzes how mobile games incorporate incentives such as rewards, progress tracking, and competition to motivate players to engage in regular physical exercise. Drawing on health psychology and behavior change theory, the paper examines the psychological and physiological effects of gamified fitness, exploring how it influences players' attitudes toward exercise, their long-term fitness habits, and overall health. The study also evaluates the limitations of gamified fitness interventions, particularly regarding their ability to maintain player motivation over time and address issues related to sedentary behavior.</p>
  102. <p>Indie game developers play a vital role in shaping the diverse landscape of gaming, bringing fresh perspectives, innovative gameplay mechanics, and compelling narratives to the forefront. Their creative freedom and entrepreneurial spirit fuel a culture of experimentation and discovery, driving the industry forward with bold ideas and unique gaming experiences that captivate players' imaginations.</p>
  103. <p>The debate surrounding the potential impact of violent video games on behavior continues to spark discussions and research within the gaming community and beyond. While some studies suggest a correlation between exposure to violent content and aggressive tendencies, the nuanced relationship between media consumption, psychological factors, and real-world behavior remains a topic of ongoing study and debate.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://855634376887-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://858501647202-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://626710606169-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://607295071822-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://986717089661-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://721347308137-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://635727026608-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://306273355499-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://220133907489-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://282942783400-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://746395218332-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://622471409694-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://962213398927-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://559382555893-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://933902499710-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://140942697536-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://791371674974-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://223195209294-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://564317996134-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://292790112531-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?052081538960&amp;url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?769373802171&amp;url=https://naver769373802171-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?193356451660&amp;url=https://naver193356451660-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?813610687624&amp;url=https://naver813610687624-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?915222432767&amp;url=https://naver915222432767-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?413689661032&amp;url=https://naver413689661032-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?000773274896&amp;url=https://naver000773274896-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?049326068326&amp;url=https://naver049326068326-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?383496707784&amp;url=https://naver383496707784-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?101591195137&amp;url=https://naver101591195137-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?834666295544&amp;url=https://naver834666295544-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?215993404653&amp;url=https://naver215993404653-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?773396179546&amp;url=https://naver773396179546-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-276820352851.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-102567935275.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-883837464147.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-173358578734.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-528045624918.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-664178986222.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-179942494309.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-962363129546.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-435067274279.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-518059945171.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-484449083599.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-326843705600.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-594001250704.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-603962804589.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-959419468879.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-005175546833.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-123581477318-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-365153153771-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-325019322780-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8531406792" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/4837659012">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="The Impact of Blockchain Latency on Real-Time Gaming Experiences" title="The Impact of Blockchain Latency on Real-Time Gaming Experiences" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-4837659012.mit-edu.top/post/4837659012/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/4837659012">The Impact of Blockchain Latency on Real-Time Gaming Experiences</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study delves into the various strategies that mobile game developers use to maximize user retention, including personalized content, rewards systems, and social integration. It explores how data analytics are employed to track player behavior, predict churn, and optimize engagement strategies. The research also discusses the ethical concerns related to user tracking and retention tactics, proposing frameworks for responsible data use.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/4837659012" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="The Impact of Blockchain Latency on Real-Time Gaming Experiences" title="The Impact of Blockchain Latency on Real-Time Gaming Experiences" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Christopher Robinson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/0472381965">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="The Use of Machine Learning for Crafting Adaptive Storylines in Narrative Games" title="The Use of Machine Learning for Crafting Adaptive Storylines in Narrative Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-0472381965.mit-edu.top/post/0472381965/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/0472381965">The Use of Machine Learning for Crafting Adaptive Storylines in Narrative Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Virtual reality transports players to alternate dimensions, blurring the lines between reality and fiction, and offering glimpses of futuristic realms yet to be explored. Through immersive simulations and interactive experiences, VR technology revolutionizes gaming, providing unprecedented levels of immersion and engagement. From virtual adventures in space to realistic simulations of historical events, VR opens doors to limitless possibilities, inviting players to step into worlds beyond imagination.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/0472381965" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="The Use of Machine Learning for Crafting Adaptive Storylines in Narrative Games" title="The Use of Machine Learning for Crafting Adaptive Storylines in Narrative Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Rebecca Cook</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8139207645">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" alt="Designing Scalable AR Cloud Systems for Massively Multiplayer Mobile Games" title="Designing Scalable AR Cloud Systems for Massively Multiplayer Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-8139207645.mit-edu.top/post/8139207645/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8139207645">Designing Scalable AR Cloud Systems for Massively Multiplayer Mobile Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the role of user experience (UX) design in mobile gaming, focusing on how players from different cultural backgrounds interact with mobile games and perceive gameplay elements. The study compares UX design preferences and usability testing results from players in various regions, such as North America, Europe, and Asia. By applying cross-cultural psychology and design theory, the paper analyzes how cultural values, technological literacy, and gaming traditions influence player engagement, satisfaction, and learning outcomes in mobile games. The research provides actionable insights into how UX designers can tailor game interfaces, mechanics, and narratives to better suit diverse global audiences.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://000128.mit-edu.top/post/8139207645" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/17.jpg" alt="Designing Scalable AR Cloud Systems for Massively Multiplayer Mobile Games" title="Designing Scalable AR Cloud Systems for Massively Multiplayer Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Ashley Adams</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda