It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems #519097282888 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems #519097282888 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-01-31T22:02:08Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Martha Perry" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems #519097282888 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Martha Perry",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-01-31T22:02:08Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/519097282888"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://048634.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "519097282888",
  52.            "abstract": "Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems #519097282888 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Martha Perry",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-01-31T22:02:08Z",
  58.                "url": "https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems" title="Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Martha Perry</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Martha Perry for contributing the article "Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems" title="Emotion-Aware Game Design: Affective Computing in Player Interaction Systems" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study explores the impact of augmented reality (AR) technology on player immersion and interaction in mobile games. The research examines how AR, which overlays digital content onto the physical environment, enhances gameplay by providing more interactive, immersive, and contextually rich experiences. Drawing on theories of presence, immersion, and user experience, the paper investigates how AR-based games like Pokémon GO and Ingress engage players in real-world exploration, socialization, and competition. The study also considers the challenges of implementing AR in mobile games, including hardware limitations, spatial awareness, and player safety, and provides recommendations for developers seeking to optimize AR experiences for mobile game audiences.</p>
  100. <p>This paper systematically reviews the growing body of literature on the use of mobile games as interventions in mental health treatment, particularly focusing on anxiety, depression, and cognitive disorders. The study examines various approaches to game-based therapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based games, assessing their effectiveness in improving emotional well-being and mental resilience. The paper proposes a conceptual framework that integrates psychological theories with game design principles to develop therapeutic mobile games. Furthermore, the study explores the ethical implications of using mobile games for mental health interventions, such as user privacy, data security, and informed consent.</p>
  101. <p>This study examines the sustainability of in-game economies in mobile games, focusing on virtual currencies, trade systems, and item marketplaces. The research explores how virtual economies are structured and how players interact with them, analyzing the balance between supply and demand, currency inflation, and the regulation of in-game resources. Drawing on economic theories of market dynamics and behavioral economics, the paper investigates how in-game economic systems influence player spending, engagement, and decision-making. The study also evaluates the role of developers in maintaining a stable virtual economy and mitigating issues such as inflation, pay-to-win mechanics, and market manipulation. The research provides recommendations for developers to create more sustainable and player-friendly in-game economies.</p>
  102. <p>The social fabric of gaming is woven through online multiplayer experiences, where players collaborate, compete, and form lasting friendships in virtual realms. Whether teaming up in cooperative missions or facing off in intense PvP battles, the camaraderie and sense of community fostered by online gaming platforms transcend geographical distances, creating bonds that extend beyond the digital domain.</p>
  103. <p>The future of gaming is a tapestry woven with technological innovations, creative visions, and player-driven evolution. Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), cloud gaming, and blockchain technology promise to revolutionize how we play, experience, and interact with games, ushering in an era of unprecedented possibilities and immersive experiences.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://900238592189-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://407398632949-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://237776467491-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://250569510259-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://122317330017-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://754494529686-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://537552465707-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://441452227777-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://139097651406-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://753234978023-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://256024747756-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://411662238661-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://059862297999-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://374049791957-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://280046242239-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://468168195500-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://489574303417-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://132356292118-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://928579527485-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://915356060306-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?936247149997&amp;url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?849697198724&amp;url=https://naver849697198724-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?431461154779&amp;url=https://naver431461154779-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?483382077037&amp;url=https://naver483382077037-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?756629163219&amp;url=https://naver756629163219-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?325892731070&amp;url=https://naver325892731070-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?387081866538&amp;url=https://naver387081866538-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?455876718297&amp;url=https://naver455876718297-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?571789717526&amp;url=https://naver571789717526-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?603257102780&amp;url=https://naver603257102780-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?361291949127&amp;url=https://naver361291949127-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?008850521857&amp;url=https://naver008850521857-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?677846972101&amp;url=https://naver677846972101-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-306219929805.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-957042700594.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-182392532153.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-056036522337.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-607666075215.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-568784199793.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-455688349105.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-813344990869.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-278148493052.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-997918599833.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-223309337152.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-901317606307.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-157140472713.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-747452652793.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-454184990604.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-652933317062.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-228507952471-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-861921497681-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-913629941702-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8036197542" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/1932807654">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="Hierarchical Neural Networks for Predictive Analytics in Mobile Game User Behavior" title="Hierarchical Neural Networks for Predictive Analytics in Mobile Game User Behavior" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-1932807654.mit-edu.top/post/1932807654/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/1932807654">Hierarchical Neural Networks for Predictive Analytics in Mobile Game User Behavior</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Gaming's impact on education is profound, with gamified learning platforms revolutionizing how students engage with academic content. By incorporating game elements such as rewards, challenges, and progression systems into educational software, educators are able to make learning more interactive, enjoyable, and effective, catering to diverse learning styles and enhancing retention rates.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/1932807654" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="Hierarchical Neural Networks for Predictive Analytics in Mobile Game User Behavior" title="Hierarchical Neural Networks for Predictive Analytics in Mobile Game User Behavior" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Ronald Parker</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8643527019">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/4.jpg" alt="Resilient Architectures for Distributed Game Servers Against DDoS Attacks" title="Resilient Architectures for Distributed Game Servers Against DDoS Attacks" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-8643527019.mit-edu.top/post/8643527019/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8643527019">Resilient Architectures for Distributed Game Servers Against DDoS Attacks</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study leverages mobile game analytics and predictive modeling techniques to explore how player behavior data can be used to enhance monetization strategies and retention rates. The research employs machine learning algorithms to analyze patterns in player interactions, purchase behaviors, and in-game progression, with the goal of forecasting player lifetime value and identifying factors contributing to player churn. The paper offers insights into how game developers can optimize their revenue models through targeted in-game offers, personalized content, and adaptive difficulty settings, while also discussing the ethical implications of data collection and algorithmic decision-making in the gaming industry.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/8643527019" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Resilient Architectures for Distributed Game Servers Against DDoS Attacks" title="Resilient Architectures for Distributed Game Servers Against DDoS Attacks" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Victoria Simmons</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/5476029183">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Exploring AI Chatbots as Storytellers in Narrative Mobile Games" title="Exploring AI Chatbots as Storytellers in Narrative Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-5476029183.mit-edu.top/post/5476029183/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/5476029183">Exploring AI Chatbots as Storytellers in Narrative Mobile Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study examines how engaging with mobile games affects attention span and cognitive control processes. It investigates both the potential benefits, such as improved focus, and the risks, such as attention deficits.This paper analyzes the development and diversification of mobile game genres over time, highlighting key trends and innovative game mechanics. It discusses how these changes reflect technological advancements and shifting player preferences.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://048634.mit-edu.top/post/5476029183" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Exploring AI Chatbots as Storytellers in Narrative Mobile Games" title="Exploring AI Chatbots as Storytellers in Narrative Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Anna Ross</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda