It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions #925345982864 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions #925345982864 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T14:45:56Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Scott Bennett" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions #925345982864 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T14:45:56Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/925345982864"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://128609.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "925345982864",
  52.            "abstract": "Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions #925345982864 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T14:45:56Z",
  58.                "url": "https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" title="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Scott Bennett</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Scott Bennett for contributing the article "Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" title="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research explores the intersection of mobile gaming and digital citizenship, with a focus on the ethical, social, and political implications of gaming in the digital age. Drawing on sociotechnical theory, the study examines how mobile games contribute to the development of civic behaviors, digital literacy, and ethical engagement in online communities. It also explores the role of mobile games in shaping identity, social responsibility, and participatory culture. The paper critically evaluates the positive and negative impacts of mobile games on digital citizenship, and offers policy recommendations for fostering ethical game design and responsible player behavior in the digital ecosystem.</p>
  100. <p>This paper investigates how different motivational theories, such as self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), are applied to mobile health games that aim to promote positive behavioral changes in health-related practices. The study compares various mobile health games and their design elements, including rewards, goal-setting, and social support mechanisms, to evaluate how these elements align with motivational frameworks and influence long-term health behavior change. The paper provides recommendations for designers on how to integrate motivational theory into mobile health games to maximize user engagement, retention, and sustained behavioral modification.</p>
  101. <p>Gaming addiction is a complex issue that warrants attention and understanding, as some individuals struggle to find a healthy balance between their gaming pursuits and other responsibilities. It's important to promote responsible gaming habits, encourage breaks, and offer support to those who may be experiencing challenges in managing their gaming habits and overall well-being.</p>
  102. <p>The rise of e-sports has elevated gaming to a competitive arena, where skill, strategy, and teamwork converge to create spectacles that rival traditional sports. From epic tournaments with massive prize pools to professional leagues with dedicated fan bases, e-sports has become a global phenomenon, showcasing the talent and dedication of gamers worldwide. The adrenaline-fueled battles and nail-biting finishes not only entertain but also inspire a new generation of aspiring gamers and professional athletes.</p>
  103. <p>This study investigates the privacy and data security issues associated with mobile gaming, focusing on data collection practices, user consent, and potential vulnerabilities. It proposes strategies for enhancing data protection and ensuring user privacy.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://037029509743-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://373250075743-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://510478371183-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://133017444860-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://877441793841-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://689797001412-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://266743730575-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://755039207177-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://988039356930-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://313461936440-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://470187976789-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://715319340787-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://881426473581-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://379947929550-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://494463241394-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://941290428423-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://215170119665-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://980110505635-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://787520842359-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://370336924046-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?097660138890&amp;url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?975110147180&amp;url=https://naver975110147180-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?873377087744&amp;url=https://naver873377087744-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?757646644155&amp;url=https://naver757646644155-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?260088176414&amp;url=https://naver260088176414-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?213088464128&amp;url=https://naver213088464128-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?892308835834&amp;url=https://naver892308835834-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?741492824122&amp;url=https://naver741492824122-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?068480279500&amp;url=https://naver068480279500-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?484977452591&amp;url=https://naver484977452591-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?873295592330&amp;url=https://naver873295592330-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?468428467964&amp;url=https://naver468428467964-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?609868046476&amp;url=https://naver609868046476-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-026260317159.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-906693164040.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-955693296812.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-854569560239.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-545950945505.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-834426701168.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-025148092698.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-792343827379.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-940157069573.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-383642412746.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-139866761877.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-573431869224.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-466731344331.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-007195843286.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-472495841515.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-650183284003.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-597826463712-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-206457923931-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-260761010702-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/8932045617" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/4763952810">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="The Role of Mobile Games in Promoting Global Social Movements" title="The Role of Mobile Games in Promoting Global Social Movements" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-4763952810.mit-edu.top/post/4763952810/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/4763952810">The Role of Mobile Games in Promoting Global Social Movements</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Gaming's evolution from the pixelated adventures of classic arcade games to the breathtakingly realistic graphics of contemporary consoles has been nothing short of astounding. Each technological leap has not only enhanced visual fidelity but also deepened immersion, blurring the lines between reality and virtuality. The attention to detail in modern games, from lifelike character animations to dynamic environmental effects, creates an immersive sensory experience that captivates players and transports them to fantastical worlds beyond imagination.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/4763952810" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="The Role of Mobile Games in Promoting Global Social Movements" title="The Role of Mobile Games in Promoting Global Social Movements" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Cynthia Bailey</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/6541038927">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Examining the Sociocultural Impact of Mobile Games in Developing Countries" title="Examining the Sociocultural Impact of Mobile Games in Developing Countries" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-6541038927.mit-edu.top/post/6541038927/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/6541038927">Examining the Sociocultural Impact of Mobile Games in Developing Countries</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study explores the technical and social challenges associated with cross-platform play in mobile gaming, focusing on how interoperability between different devices and platforms (e.g., iOS, Android, PC, and consoles) can enhance or hinder the player experience. The paper investigates the technical requirements for seamless cross-platform play, including data synchronization, server infrastructure, and device compatibility. From a social perspective, the study examines how cross-platform play influences player communities, social relationships, and competitive dynamics. It also addresses the potential barriers to cross-platform integration, such as platform-specific limitations, security concerns, and business model conflicts.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/6541038927" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="Examining the Sociocultural Impact of Mobile Games in Developing Countries" title="Examining the Sociocultural Impact of Mobile Games in Developing Countries" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Linda Miller</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/3026194785">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/4.jpg" alt="Optimizing Multiplayer Matchmaking Algorithms for Fair Play" title="Optimizing Multiplayer Matchmaking Algorithms for Fair Play" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-3026194785.mit-edu.top/post/3026194785/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/3026194785">Optimizing Multiplayer Matchmaking Algorithms for Fair Play</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research explores the intersection of mobile gaming and digital citizenship, with a focus on the ethical, social, and political implications of gaming in the digital age. Drawing on sociotechnical theory, the study examines how mobile games contribute to the development of civic behaviors, digital literacy, and ethical engagement in online communities. It also explores the role of mobile games in shaping identity, social responsibility, and participatory culture. The paper critically evaluates the positive and negative impacts of mobile games on digital citizenship, and offers policy recommendations for fostering ethical game design and responsible player behavior in the digital ecosystem.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://128609.mit-edu.top/post/3026194785" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Optimizing Multiplayer Matchmaking Algorithms for Fair Play" title="Optimizing Multiplayer Matchmaking Algorithms for Fair Play" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Jennifer Lopez</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda