It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games #924681797761 (2025-01-31)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games #924681797761 (2025-01-31)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-01-31T03:59:12Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Michelle Turner" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games #924681797761 (2025-01-31)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Michelle Turner",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-01-31T03:59:12Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/924681797761"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://194797.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "924681797761",
  52.            "abstract": "The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games #924681797761 (2025-01-31)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Michelle Turner",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-01-31T03:59:12Z",
  58.                "url": "https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" title="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Michelle Turner</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-01-31</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Michelle Turner for contributing the article "The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" title="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study examines how mobile games can be used as tools for promoting environmental awareness and sustainability. It investigates game mechanics that encourage players to engage in pro-environmental behaviors, such as resource conservation and eco-friendly practices. The paper highlights examples of games that address climate change, conservation, and environmental education, offering insights into how games can influence attitudes and behaviors related to sustainability.</p>
  100. <p>This research investigates the ethical and psychological implications of microtransaction systems in mobile games, particularly in free-to-play models. The study examines how microtransactions, which allow players to purchase in-game items, cosmetics, or advantages, influence player behavior, spending habits, and overall satisfaction. Drawing on ethical theory and psychological models of consumer decision-making, the paper explores how microtransactions contribute to the phenomenon of “pay-to-win,” exploitation of vulnerable players, and player frustration. The research also evaluates the psychological impact of loot boxes, virtual currency, and in-app purchases, offering recommendations for ethical monetization practices that prioritize player well-being without compromising developer profitability.</p>
  101. <p>This research explores how mobile gaming influences cultural identity and expression across different regions. It examines the role of mobile games in cultural exchange, preservation, and the representation of diverse cultures. This research investigates how mobile gaming affects sleep quality and duration, considering factors such as screen time, game content, and player demographics. It provides insights into the health implications of mobile gaming habits.</p>
  102. <p>This paper investigates the use of mobile games and gamification techniques in areas beyond entertainment, such as education, healthcare, and corporate training. It examines how game mechanics are applied to encourage desired behaviors, improve productivity, and enhance learning outcomes. The study also analyzes the effectiveness and challenges of gamification strategies, highlighting case studies from various industries.</p>
  103. <p>This research critically analyzes the representation of diverse cultures, identities, and experiences in mobile games. It explores how game developers approach diversity and inclusion, from character design to narrative themes. The study discusses the challenges of creating culturally sensitive content while ensuring broad market appeal and the potential social impact of inclusive mobile game design.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://290041913724-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://535476699138-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://595647176281-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://372655019566-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://225249108673-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://491119257512-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://024080613238-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://258126565677-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://502254566965-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://936350185098-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://644202962287-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://644330833469-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://587186940371-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://667886640074-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://168515463171-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://876913070858-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://523631157908-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://445763940541-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://958934887150-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://365055900476-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?871835920814&amp;url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?293918044650&amp;url=https://naver293918044650-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?250208985168&amp;url=https://naver250208985168-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?760842262563&amp;url=https://naver760842262563-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?478934959989&amp;url=https://naver478934959989-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?777284150134&amp;url=https://naver777284150134-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?461628065959&amp;url=https://naver461628065959-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?354242210949&amp;url=https://naver354242210949-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?354378825997&amp;url=https://naver354378825997-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?894390225759&amp;url=https://naver894390225759-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?071066902440&amp;url=https://naver071066902440-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?322821511041&amp;url=https://naver322821511041-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?073559556663&amp;url=https://naver073559556663-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-363508641824.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-085280387743.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-699265502952.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-827909418947.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-975750019946.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-506702084785.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-727511219884.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-896890541121.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-420908471133.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-254143632222.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-376498641631.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-578692928442.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-806138366016.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-870033181050.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-252097377980.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-727428015019.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-428533668968-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-605394477219-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-020621674428-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/3249065718" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/1205479863">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="Cryptographic Approaches for Securing Player-to-Player Transactions in Virtual Worlds" title="Cryptographic Approaches for Securing Player-to-Player Transactions in Virtual Worlds" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-1205479863.mit-edu.top/post/1205479863/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/1205479863">Cryptographic Approaches for Securing Player-to-Player Transactions in Virtual Worlds</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper investigates the role of social influence in mobile games, focusing on how social networks, peer pressure, and social comparison affect player behavior and in-game purchasing decisions. The study examines how features such as leaderboards, friend lists, and social sharing options influence players’ motivations to engage with the game and spend money on in-game items. Drawing on social psychology and behavioral economics, the research explores how players' decisions are shaped by their interactions with others in the game environment. The paper also discusses the ethical implications of using social influence to drive in-game purchases, particularly in relation to vulnerable players and addiction risk.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/1205479863" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Cryptographic Approaches for Securing Player-to-Player Transactions in Virtual Worlds" title="Cryptographic Approaches for Securing Player-to-Player Transactions in Virtual Worlds" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Ryan Morgan</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/4628150379">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Temporal Patterns in Player Engagement: A Computational Behavioral Analysis" title="Temporal Patterns in Player Engagement: A Computational Behavioral Analysis" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-4628150379.mit-edu.top/post/4628150379/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/4628150379">Temporal Patterns in Player Engagement: A Computational Behavioral Analysis</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Esports, the competitive gaming phenomenon, has experienced an unprecedented surge in popularity, evolving into a multi-billion-dollar industry with professional players competing for lucrative prize pools in tournaments watched by millions of viewers worldwide. The rise of esports has not only elevated gaming to a mainstream spectacle but has also paved the way for new career opportunities and avenues for aspiring gamers to showcase their skills on a global stage.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/4628150379" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Temporal Patterns in Player Engagement: A Computational Behavioral Analysis" title="Temporal Patterns in Player Engagement: A Computational Behavioral Analysis" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Frances Long</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/7258149603">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/11.jpg" alt="Edge Computing for Ultra-Low Latency in Mobile Cloud Gaming Environments" title="Edge Computing for Ultra-Low Latency in Mobile Cloud Gaming Environments" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-7258149603.mit-edu.top/post/7258149603/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/7258149603">Edge Computing for Ultra-Low Latency in Mobile Cloud Gaming Environments</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper examines the growth and sustainability of mobile esports within the broader competitive gaming ecosystem. The research investigates the rise of mobile esports tournaments, platforms, and streaming services, focusing on how mobile games like League of Legends: Wild Rift, PUBG Mobile, and Free Fire are becoming major players in the esports industry. Drawing on theories of sports management, media studies, and digital economies, the study explores the factors contributing to the success of mobile esports, such as accessibility, mobile-first design, and player demographics. The research also considers the future challenges of mobile esports, including monetization, player welfare, and the potential for integration with traditional esports leagues.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://194797.mit-edu.top/post/7258149603" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/3.jpg" alt="Edge Computing for Ultra-Low Latency in Mobile Cloud Gaming Environments" title="Edge Computing for Ultra-Low Latency in Mobile Cloud Gaming Environments" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Amanda Evans</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda