It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention #495637485223 (2025-01-31)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention #495637485223 (2025-01-31)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-01-31T10:44:48Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Paul Young" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention #495637485223 (2025-01-31)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Paul Young",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-01-31T10:44:48Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/495637485223"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://339216.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "495637485223",
  52.            "abstract": "Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention #495637485223 (2025-01-31)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Paul Young",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-01-31T10:44:48Z",
  58.                "url": "https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention" title="Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Paul Young</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-01-31</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Paul Young for contributing the article "Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg" alt="Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention" title="Optimizing Reward Timing in Mobile Games for Long-Term Retention" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research explores the intersection of mobile gaming and digital citizenship, with a focus on the ethical, social, and political implications of gaming in the digital age. Drawing on sociotechnical theory, the study examines how mobile games contribute to the development of civic behaviors, digital literacy, and ethical engagement in online communities. It also explores the role of mobile games in shaping identity, social responsibility, and participatory culture. The paper critically evaluates the positive and negative impacts of mobile games on digital citizenship, and offers policy recommendations for fostering ethical game design and responsible player behavior in the digital ecosystem.</p>
  100. <p>Gaming addiction is a complex issue that warrants attention and understanding, as some individuals struggle to find a healthy balance between their gaming pursuits and other responsibilities. It's important to promote responsible gaming habits, encourage breaks, and offer support to those who may be experiencing challenges in managing their gaming habits and overall well-being.</p>
  101. <p>This study explores the challenges and opportunities associated with cross-platform play in mobile games, where players can interact with others across different gaming devices, such as consoles, PCs, and smartphones. The research examines the technical, social, and business challenges of integrating cross-platform functionality, including issues related to server synchronization, input compatibility, and player matching. The paper also investigates how cross-platform play influences player engagement, community building, and game longevity, as well as the potential for cross-platform competitions and esports. Drawing on user experience research and platform integration strategies, the study provides recommendations for developers looking to implement cross-platform play in a way that enhances player experiences and extends the lifecycle of mobile games.</p>
  102. <p>This research explores the potential of integrating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques into mobile game design to promote mental health and well-being. The study investigates how game mechanics, such as goal-setting, positive reinforcement, and self-reflection, can be used to incorporate CBT principles into mobile games aimed at addressing issues such as anxiety, depression, and stress. Drawing on psychological theories of behavior change, the paper examines the efficacy of mobile games as tools for delivering therapeutic interventions and improving mental health outcomes. The research also discusses the challenges of designing games that balance therapeutic goals with entertainment value, as well as the ethical considerations of using games as therapeutic tools.</p>
  103. <p>This research examines how mobile gaming facilitates social interactions among players, focusing on community building, communication patterns, and the formation of virtual identities. It also considers the implications of mobile gaming on social behavior and relationships.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://950590610602-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://424195082693-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://674480385335-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://496567719228-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://727096353792-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://731264814560-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://241264147846-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://571951224351-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://742199213340-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://854539187372-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://494930004314-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://335770765218-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://137875115618-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://618150584152-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://138650574361-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://872334105021-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://189595818683-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://741177255599-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://910522630590-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://071940214422-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?258707799751&amp;url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?014074081275&amp;url=https://naver014074081275-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?307749064845&amp;url=https://naver307749064845-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?525490691108&amp;url=https://naver525490691108-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?506633263948&amp;url=https://naver506633263948-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?944429981431&amp;url=https://naver944429981431-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?491601452126&amp;url=https://naver491601452126-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?552847642195&amp;url=https://naver552847642195-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?193246496556&amp;url=https://naver193246496556-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?702915560855&amp;url=https://naver702915560855-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?629849358682&amp;url=https://naver629849358682-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?321087757949&amp;url=https://naver321087757949-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?505591054038&amp;url=https://naver505591054038-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-063831174272.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-058753603252.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-467871677051.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-279607902877.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-147473710507.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-664470597568.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-268546250008.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-480430197634.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-694451277132.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-758868606740.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-760424993449.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-577280465242.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-112897863916.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-316650608336.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-373908120409.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-195587218884.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-944787415705-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-518568478037-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-859748133501-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8490751263" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8792164035">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg" alt="Game-Theoretic Analysis of Competitive Dynamics in Freemium Game Markets" title="Game-Theoretic Analysis of Competitive Dynamics in Freemium Game Markets" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-8792164035.mit-edu.top/post/8792164035/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8792164035">Game-Theoretic Analysis of Competitive Dynamics in Freemium Game Markets</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper offers a post-structuralist analysis of narrative structures in mobile games, emphasizing how game narratives contribute to the construction of player identity and agency. It explores the intersection of game mechanics, storytelling, and player interaction, considering how mobile games as “digital texts” challenge traditional notions of authorship and narrative control. Drawing upon the works of theorists like Michel Foucault and Roland Barthes, the paper examines the decentralized nature of mobile game narratives and how they allow players to engage in a performative process of meaning-making, identity construction, and subversion of preordained narrative trajectories.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/8792164035" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Game-Theoretic Analysis of Competitive Dynamics in Freemium Game Markets" title="Game-Theoretic Analysis of Competitive Dynamics in Freemium Game Markets" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Eric Howard</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/0295731648">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="AI-Augmented Procedural Generation of Infinite Game Environments" title="AI-Augmented Procedural Generation of Infinite Game Environments" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-0295731648.mit-edu.top/post/0295731648/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/0295731648">AI-Augmented Procedural Generation of Infinite Game Environments</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the environmental footprint of mobile gaming, including energy consumption, electronic waste, and resource usage. It proposes sustainable practices for game development and consumption.This study examines how mobile gaming serves as a platform for social interaction, allowing players to form and maintain relationships. It explores the dynamics of online communities and the social benefits of gaming.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/0295731648" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="AI-Augmented Procedural Generation of Infinite Game Environments" title="AI-Augmented Procedural Generation of Infinite Game Environments" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Richard Wilson</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/7452903816">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/8.jpg" alt="Adaptive Game Mechanics for Neurodiverse Players: Challenges and Solutions" title="Adaptive Game Mechanics for Neurodiverse Players: Challenges and Solutions" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-7452903816.mit-edu.top/post/7452903816/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/7452903816">Adaptive Game Mechanics for Neurodiverse Players: Challenges and Solutions</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research examines the role of mobile game developers in promoting social responsibility through ethical practices and inclusivity in game design. The study explores how developers can address social issues such as diversity, representation, and accessibility within mobile games, ensuring that games are accessible to players of all backgrounds, abilities, and identities. Drawing on ethics, cultural studies, and inclusive design principles, the paper evaluates the impact of inclusive game design on player experiences, with particular focus on gender, race, and disability representation. The research also investigates the role of mobile games in fostering positive social change, offering recommendations for developers to create more socially responsible and inclusive gaming experiences.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://339216.mit-edu.top/post/7452903816" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="Adaptive Game Mechanics for Neurodiverse Players: Challenges and Solutions" title="Adaptive Game Mechanics for Neurodiverse Players: Challenges and Solutions" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Linda Miller</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda