It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games #853660353191 (2025-01-31)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games #853660353191 (2025-01-31)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-01-31T07:49:25Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Melissa Collins" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games #853660353191 (2025-01-31)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Melissa Collins",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-01-31T07:49:25Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/853660353191"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://450582.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "853660353191",
  52.            "abstract": "Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games #853660353191 (2025-01-31)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Melissa Collins",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-01-31T07:49:25Z",
  58.                "url": "https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/11.jpg" alt="Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games" title="Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Melissa Collins</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-01-31</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Melissa Collins for contributing the article "Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games" title="Exploring the Intersection of Augmented Reality and Smart Cities Through Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study applies social psychology theories to understand how group identity and collective behavior are formed and manifested within multiplayer mobile games. The research investigates the ways in which players form alliances, establish group norms, and engage in cooperative or competitive behaviors. By analyzing case studies of popular multiplayer mobile games, the paper explores the role of ingroups and outgroups, social influence, and group polarization within game environments. It also examines the psychological effects of online social interaction in gaming communities, discussing how mobile games foster both prosocial behavior and toxic interactions within groups.</p>
  100. <p>This research explores how mobile gaming influences consumer behavior, particularly in relation to brand loyalty and purchasing decisions. It examines how in-game advertisements, product placements, and brand collaborations impact players’ perceptions and engagement with brands. The study also looks at the role of mobile gaming in shaping consumer trends, with a particular focus on young, tech-savvy demographics.</p>
  101. <p>The intricate game mechanics of modern titles challenge players on multiple levels. From mastering complex skill trees and managing in-game economies to coordinating with teammates in high-stakes raids, players must think critically, adapt quickly, and collaborate effectively to achieve victory. These challenges not only test cognitive abilities but also foster valuable skills such as teamwork, problem-solving, and resilience, making gaming not just an entertaining pastime but also a platform for personal growth and development.</p>
  102. <p>Puzzles, as enigmatic as they are rewarding, challenge players' intellect and wit, their solutions often hidden in plain sight yet requiring a discerning eye and a strategic mind to unravel their secrets and claim the coveted rewards. Whether deciphering cryptic clues, manipulating intricate mechanisms, or solving complex riddles, the puzzle-solving aspect of gaming exercises the brain and encourages creative problem-solving skills. The satisfaction of finally cracking a difficult puzzle after careful analysis and experimentation is a testament to the mental agility and perseverance of gamers, rewarding them with a sense of accomplishment and progression.</p>
  103. <p>This paper explores the influence of cultural differences on mobile game preferences and playstyles, examining how cultural values, social norms, and gaming traditions shape player behavior and engagement. By drawing on cross-cultural psychology and international marketing research, the study compares player preferences across different regions, including East Asia, North America, and Europe. The research investigates how cultural factors influence choices in game genre, design aesthetics, social interaction, and in-game purchasing behavior. The study also discusses how game developers can design culturally sensitive games that appeal to global audiences while maintaining local relevance, offering strategies for localization and cross-cultural adaptation.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://844006265270-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://535867636816-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://149716891301-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://928545598075-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://848439144026-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://705835038883-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://442340825778-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://683195765349-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://952841185410-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://403070849158-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://634279275559-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://667119259556-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://640666520958-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://975421398119-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://035090665721-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://374479277710-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://859771685184-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://250723960308-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://325106192169-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://228836251334-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?720761693103&amp;url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?822038061955&amp;url=https://naver822038061955-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?571714287263&amp;url=https://naver571714287263-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?323744027331&amp;url=https://naver323744027331-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?248433990062&amp;url=https://naver248433990062-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?581218650024&amp;url=https://naver581218650024-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?537270304147&amp;url=https://naver537270304147-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?436533892914&amp;url=https://naver436533892914-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?789882335062&amp;url=https://naver789882335062-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?192517360014&amp;url=https://naver192517360014-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?493695073052&amp;url=https://naver493695073052-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?296802012374&amp;url=https://naver296802012374-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?110121661030&amp;url=https://naver110121661030-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-647943273953.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-265502914936.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-193206360165.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-592888204754.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-045448158489.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-125242791089.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-900375780325.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-241089992516.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-796905995933.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-501644168276.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-276538118808.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-398981242307.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-813641378922.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-843623562451.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-675915697062.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-199091275548.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-905140308900-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-569265485484-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-502166057571-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/6978351420" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/2569304871">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Designing Empathy-Driven Games for Social and Political Impact" title="Designing Empathy-Driven Games for Social and Political Impact" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-2569304871.mit-edu.top/post/2569304871/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/2569304871">Designing Empathy-Driven Games for Social and Political Impact</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper explores the use of mobile games as learning tools, integrating gamification strategies into educational contexts. The research draws on cognitive learning theories and educational psychology to analyze how game mechanics such as rewards, challenges, and feedback influence knowledge retention, motivation, and problem-solving skills. By reviewing case studies of mobile learning games, the paper identifies best practices for designing educational games that foster deep learning experiences while maintaining player engagement. The study also examines the potential for mobile games to address disparities in education access and equity, particularly in resource-limited environments.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/2569304871" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/11.jpg" alt="Designing Empathy-Driven Games for Social and Political Impact" title="Designing Empathy-Driven Games for Social and Political Impact" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Jacob Murphy</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/5809671342">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg" alt="Blockchain-Based Asset Ownership in Mobile Games: Design and Implementation" title="Blockchain-Based Asset Ownership in Mobile Games: Design and Implementation" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-5809671342.mit-edu.top/post/5809671342/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/5809671342">Blockchain-Based Asset Ownership in Mobile Games: Design and Implementation</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study examines how mobile games can contribute to the development of smart cities, focusing on the integration of gaming technologies with urban planning, sustainability initiatives, and civic engagement efforts. The paper investigates the potential of mobile games to facilitate smart city initiatives, such as crowd-sourced data collection, environmental monitoring, and social participation. By exploring the intersection of gaming, urban studies, and IoT, the research discusses how mobile games can play a role in addressing contemporary challenges in urban sustainability, mobility, and governance.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/5809671342" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/16.jpg" alt="Blockchain-Based Asset Ownership in Mobile Games: Design and Implementation" title="Blockchain-Based Asset Ownership in Mobile Games: Design and Implementation" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Paul Young</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/0869752314">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" alt="The Role of Flow Theory in Sustaining Long-Term Player Engagement" title="The Role of Flow Theory in Sustaining Long-Term Player Engagement" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-0869752314.mit-edu.top/post/0869752314/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/0869752314">The Role of Flow Theory in Sustaining Long-Term Player Engagement</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Gaming events and conventions serve as epicenters of excitement and celebration, where developers unveil new titles, showcase cutting-edge technology, host competitive tournaments, and connect with fans face-to-face. Events like E3, Gamescom, and PAX are not just gatherings but cultural phenomena that unite gaming enthusiasts in shared anticipation, excitement, and camaraderie.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://450582.mit-edu.top/post/0869752314" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="The Role of Flow Theory in Sustaining Long-Term Player Engagement" title="The Role of Flow Theory in Sustaining Long-Term Player Engagement" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Timothy Butler</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda