It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games #416383550321 (2025-02-06)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games #416383550321 (2025-02-06)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-06T13:57:36Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Nicholas Richardson" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games #416383550321 (2025-02-06)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Nicholas Richardson",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-06T13:57:36Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/416383550321"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://802346.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "416383550321",
  52.            "abstract": "The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games #416383550321 (2025-02-06)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Nicholas Richardson",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-06T13:57:36Z",
  58.                "url": "https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games" title="The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Nicholas Richardson</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-06</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Nicholas Richardson for contributing the article "The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games" title="The Economics of Rarity: Investigating the Impact of Scarce Digital Items in Mobile Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This systematic review examines existing literature on the effects of mobile gaming on mental health, identifying both beneficial and detrimental outcomes. It provides evidence-based recommendations for stakeholders in the gaming industry and healthcare sectors.</p>
  100. <p>This study examines how engaging with mobile games affects attention span and cognitive control processes. It investigates both the potential benefits, such as improved focus, and the risks, such as attention deficits.This paper analyzes the development and diversification of mobile game genres over time, highlighting key trends and innovative game mechanics. It discusses how these changes reflect technological advancements and shifting player preferences.</p>
  101. <p>This research investigates the role of user experience (UX) design in mobile gaming, focusing on how players from different cultural backgrounds interact with mobile games and perceive gameplay elements. The study compares UX design preferences and usability testing results from players in various regions, such as North America, Europe, and Asia. By applying cross-cultural psychology and design theory, the paper analyzes how cultural values, technological literacy, and gaming traditions influence player engagement, satisfaction, and learning outcomes in mobile games. The research provides actionable insights into how UX designers can tailor game interfaces, mechanics, and narratives to better suit diverse global audiences.</p>
  102. <p>This study examines how mobile games can contribute to the development of smart cities, focusing on the integration of gaming technologies with urban planning, sustainability initiatives, and civic engagement efforts. The paper investigates the potential of mobile games to facilitate smart city initiatives, such as crowd-sourced data collection, environmental monitoring, and social participation. By exploring the intersection of gaming, urban studies, and IoT, the research discusses how mobile games can play a role in addressing contemporary challenges in urban sustainability, mobility, and governance.</p>
  103. <p>This research explores how mobile games contribute to the development of digital literacy skills among young players. It looks at how games can teach skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and technology literacy, and how these skills transfer to real-world applications. The study also considers the potential risks associated with mobile gaming, including exposure to online predators and the spread of misinformation, and suggests strategies for promoting safe and effective gaming.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://394852141623-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://609715402015-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://010876016491-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://706978239100-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://751952553540-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://241991072669-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://592513688774-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://929384419609-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://816073932283-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://552429822860-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://312272153851-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://154473739071-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://964250381509-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://725111326874-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://157055242777-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://805056939550-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://682260785490-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://015292072678-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://271126184411-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://489938040579-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?777034862974&amp;url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?693135283287&amp;url=https://naver693135283287-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?082139017811&amp;url=https://naver082139017811-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?297595964388&amp;url=https://naver297595964388-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?807235033247&amp;url=https://naver807235033247-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?158930060710&amp;url=https://naver158930060710-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?216745636359&amp;url=https://naver216745636359-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?852277993887&amp;url=https://naver852277993887-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?993965097772&amp;url=https://naver993965097772-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?235860756074&amp;url=https://naver235860756074-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?874163952259&amp;url=https://naver874163952259-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?868536759246&amp;url=https://naver868536759246-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?311028506922&amp;url=https://naver311028506922-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-218544420384.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-960884526638.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-589182413368.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-701839225314.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-767331289208.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-449885765848.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-871303889612.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-741771526504.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-070665443683.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-971933108285.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-437088596652.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-107465862056.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-476205849658.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-417172493140.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-726032679309.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-884750601318.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-667971954557-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-725765744120-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-180222188976-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/3965721084" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/4052689137">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="Designing AR Games for Enhanced Spatial Memory Retention in Players" title="Designing AR Games for Enhanced Spatial Memory Retention in Players" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-4052689137.mit-edu.top/post/4052689137/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-06</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/4052689137">Designing AR Games for Enhanced Spatial Memory Retention in Players</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">The evolution of gaming has been a captivating journey through time, spanning from the rudimentary pixelated graphics of early arcade games to the breathtakingly immersive virtual worlds of today's cutting-edge MMORPGs. Over the decades, we've witnessed a remarkable transformation in gaming technology, with advancements in graphics, sound, storytelling, and gameplay mechanics continuously pushing the boundaries of what's possible in interactive entertainment.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/4052689137" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="Designing AR Games for Enhanced Spatial Memory Retention in Players" title="Designing AR Games for Enhanced Spatial Memory Retention in Players" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Nancy Lewis</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-06 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/7543289016">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg" alt="The Evolution of Mobile Game Monetization Models: From Freemium to Blockchain Integration" title="The Evolution of Mobile Game Monetization Models: From Freemium to Blockchain Integration" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-7543289016.mit-edu.top/post/7543289016/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-06</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/7543289016">The Evolution of Mobile Game Monetization Models: From Freemium to Blockchain Integration</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the use of mobile games in health interventions, particularly in promoting positive health behavior changes such as physical activity, nutrition, and mental well-being. The study examines how gamification elements such as progress tracking, rewards, and challenges can be integrated into mobile health apps to increase user motivation and adherence to healthy behaviors. Drawing on behavioral psychology and health promotion theories, the paper explores the effectiveness of mobile games in influencing health-related outcomes and discusses the potential for using game mechanics to target specific health issues, such as obesity, stress management, and smoking cessation. The research also considers the ethical implications of using gaming techniques in health interventions, focusing on privacy concerns, user consent, and data security.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/7543289016" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/11.jpg" alt="The Evolution of Mobile Game Monetization Models: From Freemium to Blockchain Integration" title="The Evolution of Mobile Game Monetization Models: From Freemium to Blockchain Integration" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Brenda Watson</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-06 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/4805931762">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/11.jpg" alt="Self-Learning NPCs: Challenges and Opportunities in Dynamic Role Adaptation" title="Self-Learning NPCs: Challenges and Opportunities in Dynamic Role Adaptation" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-4805931762.mit-edu.top/post/4805931762/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-06</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/4805931762">Self-Learning NPCs: Challenges and Opportunities in Dynamic Role Adaptation</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper examines the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the design of mobile games, focusing on how AI enables adaptive game mechanics that adjust to a player’s behavior. The research explores how machine learning algorithms personalize game difficulty, enhance NPC interactions, and create procedurally generated content. It also addresses challenges in ensuring that AI-driven systems maintain fairness and avoid reinforcing harmful stereotypes.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://802346.mit-edu.top/post/4805931762" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="Self-Learning NPCs: Challenges and Opportunities in Dynamic Role Adaptation" title="Self-Learning NPCs: Challenges and Opportunities in Dynamic Role Adaptation" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Christopher Robinson</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-06 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda