It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management #201549983981 (2025-02-04)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management #201549983981 (2025-02-04)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-03T16:56:38Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Jeffrey Reed" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management #201549983981 (2025-02-04)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Jeffrey Reed",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-03T16:56:38Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/201549983981"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://812650.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "201549983981",
  52.            "abstract": "The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management #201549983981 (2025-02-04)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Jeffrey Reed",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-03T16:56:38Z",
  58.                "url": "https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/12.jpg" alt="The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management" title="The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Jeffrey Reed</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-04</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Jeffrey Reed for contributing the article "The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management" title="The Role of Decentralized Oracles in Secure Game Economy Management" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Nostalgia permeates gaming culture, evoking fond memories of classic titles that shaped childhoods and ignited lifelong passions for gaming. The resurgence of remastered versions, reboots, and sequels to beloved franchises taps into this nostalgia, offering players a chance to relive cherished moments while introducing new generations to timeless gaming classics.</p>
  100. <p>This paper investigates the legal and ethical considerations surrounding data collection and user tracking in mobile games. The research examines how mobile game developers collect, store, and utilize player data, including behavioral data, location information, and in-app purchases, to enhance gameplay and monetization strategies. Drawing on data privacy laws such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), the study explores the compliance challenges that mobile game developers face and the ethical implications of player data usage. The paper provides a critical analysis of how developers can balance the need for data with respect for user privacy, offering guidelines for transparent data practices and ethical data management in mobile game development.</p>
  101. <p>This study explores the evolution of virtual economies within mobile games, focusing on the integration of digital currency and blockchain technology. It analyzes how virtual economies are structured in mobile games, including the use of in-game currencies, tradeable assets, and microtransactions. The paper also investigates the potential of blockchain technology to provide decentralized, secure, and transparent virtual economies, examining its impact on player ownership, digital asset exchange, and the creation of new revenue models for developers and players alike.</p>
  102. <p>The immersive world of gaming beckons players into a realm where fantasy meets reality, where pixels dance to the tune of imagination, and where challenges ignite the spirit of competition. From the sprawling landscapes of open-world adventures to the intricate mazes of puzzle games, every corner of this digital universe invites exploration and discovery. It's a place where players not only seek entertainment but also find solace, inspiration, and a sense of accomplishment as they navigate virtual realms filled with wonder and excitement.</p>
  103. <p>This research examines the convergence of mobile gaming and virtual reality (VR), with a focus on how VR technologies are integrated into mobile game design to enhance immersion and interactivity. The study investigates the challenges and opportunities presented by VR in mobile gaming, including hardware limitations, motion sickness, and the development of intuitive user interfaces. By exploring both theoretical frameworks of immersion and empirical case studies, the paper analyzes how VR in mobile games can facilitate new forms of player interaction, narrative exploration, and experiential storytelling, while also considering the potential psychological impacts of long-term VR engagement.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://406953795650-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://486540253736-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://618884425020-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://409075023687-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://603076638526-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://079582622629-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://122590260668-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://332195892750-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://912285207457-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://483540383693-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://182457459787-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://208043791146-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://184544862108-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://854832662467-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://746960688033-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://520830626119-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://376612497094-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://152066328402-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://474186123795-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://035844250457-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?099939187606&amp;url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?218598191676&amp;url=https://naver218598191676-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?191147947831&amp;url=https://naver191147947831-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?850610232091&amp;url=https://naver850610232091-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?910078688802&amp;url=https://naver910078688802-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?597381476438&amp;url=https://naver597381476438-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?452662853950&amp;url=https://naver452662853950-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?729610979708&amp;url=https://naver729610979708-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?845598333609&amp;url=https://naver845598333609-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?884170253114&amp;url=https://naver884170253114-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?101172966525&amp;url=https://naver101172966525-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?369620608026&amp;url=https://naver369620608026-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?151473894002&amp;url=https://naver151473894002-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-209951497469.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-420323938185.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-474975106192.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-241987939062.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-356174721119.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-739349563662.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-455351687204.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-786807871705.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-662038274819.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-078709277867.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-645816382595.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-423814811781.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-618494269741.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-380649282573.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-964133204144.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-670555693657.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-676824120633-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-963388755800-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-379744512105-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/6932840571" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/0461897532">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="The Role of Secure Authentication Systems in Augmented Reality Games" title="The Role of Secure Authentication Systems in Augmented Reality Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-0461897532.mit-edu.top/post/0461897532/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/0461897532">The Role of Secure Authentication Systems in Augmented Reality Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Accessibility initiatives in gaming are essential to ensuring inclusivity and equal opportunities for players of all abilities. Features such as customizable controls, colorblind modes, subtitles, and assistive technologies empower gamers with disabilities to enjoy gaming experiences on par with their peers, fostering a more inclusive and welcoming gaming ecosystem.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/0461897532" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/12.jpg" alt="The Role of Secure Authentication Systems in Augmented Reality Games" title="The Role of Secure Authentication Systems in Augmented Reality Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>William Rodriguez</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/8304752196">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="The Impact of Loss Aversion on Player Behavior in Competitive Mobile Games" title="The Impact of Loss Aversion on Player Behavior in Competitive Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-8304752196.mit-edu.top/post/8304752196/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/8304752196">The Impact of Loss Aversion on Player Behavior in Competitive Mobile Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research explores the use of adaptive learning algorithms and machine learning techniques in mobile games to personalize player experiences. The study examines how machine learning models can analyze player behavior and dynamically adjust game content, difficulty levels, and in-game rewards to optimize player engagement. By integrating concepts from reinforcement learning and predictive modeling, the paper investigates the potential of personalized game experiences in increasing player retention and satisfaction. The research also considers the ethical implications of data collection and algorithmic bias, emphasizing the importance of transparent data practices and fair personalization mechanisms in ensuring a positive player experience.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/8304752196" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/12.jpg" alt="The Impact of Loss Aversion on Player Behavior in Competitive Mobile Games" title="The Impact of Loss Aversion on Player Behavior in Competitive Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Scott Bennett</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/1972354806">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" alt="Real-Time Network Optimization for Cross-Region Multiplayer Games" title="Real-Time Network Optimization for Cross-Region Multiplayer Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-1972354806.mit-edu.top/post/1972354806/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/1972354806">Real-Time Network Optimization for Cross-Region Multiplayer Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study analyzes the psychological effects of competitive mechanics in mobile games, focusing on how competition influences player motivation, achievement, and social interaction. The research examines how competitive elements, such as leaderboards, tournaments, and player-vs-player (PvP) modes, drive player engagement and foster a sense of accomplishment. Drawing on motivation theory, social comparison theory, and achievement goal theory, the paper explores how different types of competition—intrinsic vs. extrinsic, cooperative vs. adversarial—affect player behavior and satisfaction. The study also investigates the potential negative effects of competitive play, such as stress, frustration, and toxic behavior, offering recommendations for designing healthy, fair, and inclusive competitive environments in mobile games.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://812650.mit-edu.top/post/1972354806" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/15.jpg" alt="Real-Time Network Optimization for Cross-Region Multiplayer Games" title="Real-Time Network Optimization for Cross-Region Multiplayer Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Jason Morris</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda