It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research #080764634492 (2025-02-02)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research #080764634492 (2025-02-02)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T22:13:22Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. John Smith" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research #080764634492 (2025-02-02)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. John Smith",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T22:13:22Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/080764634492"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://826176.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "080764634492",
  52.            "abstract": "Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research #080764634492 (2025-02-02)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research",
  56.                "author": "Dr. John Smith",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T22:13:22Z",
  58.                "url": "https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research" title="Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">John Smith</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-02</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to John Smith for contributing the article "Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research" title="Mobile Games as Experimental Platforms for Behavioral Science Research" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research evaluates the environmental sustainability of the mobile gaming industry, focusing on the environmental footprint of game development, distribution, and consumption. The study examines energy consumption patterns, electronic waste generation, and resource use across the mobile gaming lifecycle, offering a comprehensive assessment of the industry's impact on global sustainability. It also explores innovative approaches to mitigate these effects, such as green game design principles, eco-friendly server technologies, and sustainable mobile device manufacturing practices.</p>
  100. <p>Virtual reality transports players to alternate dimensions, blurring the lines between reality and fiction, and offering glimpses of futuristic realms yet to be explored. Through immersive simulations and interactive experiences, VR technology revolutionizes gaming, providing unprecedented levels of immersion and engagement. From virtual adventures in space to realistic simulations of historical events, VR opens doors to limitless possibilities, inviting players to step into worlds beyond imagination.</p>
  101. <p>This study investigates the impact of mobile gaming on neuroplasticity and brain development, focusing on how playing games affects cognitive functions such as memory, attention, spatial navigation, and problem-solving. By integrating theories from neuroscience and psychology, the research explores the mechanisms through which mobile games might enhance neural connections, especially in younger players or those with cognitive impairments. The paper reviews existing evidence on brain training games and their efficacy, proposing a framework for designing mobile games that can facilitate cognitive improvement while considering potential risks, such as overstimulation or addiction, in certain populations.</p>
  102. <p>This study analyzes the psychological effects of competitive mechanics in mobile games, focusing on how competition influences player motivation, achievement, and social interaction. The research examines how competitive elements, such as leaderboards, tournaments, and player-vs-player (PvP) modes, drive player engagement and foster a sense of accomplishment. Drawing on motivation theory, social comparison theory, and achievement goal theory, the paper explores how different types of competition—intrinsic vs. extrinsic, cooperative vs. adversarial—affect player behavior and satisfaction. The study also investigates the potential negative effects of competitive play, such as stress, frustration, and toxic behavior, offering recommendations for designing healthy, fair, and inclusive competitive environments in mobile games.</p>
  103. <p>This paper analyzes the economic contributions of the mobile gaming industry to local economies, including job creation, revenue generation, and the development of related sectors such as tourism and retail. It provides case studies from various regions to illustrate these impacts.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://602969911811-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://730953930841-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://440384145341-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://332514687773-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://076151205343-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://758392435686-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://155823130846-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://966590975705-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://948516121714-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://027011707367-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://464035539490-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://003284787498-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://569306152556-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://010059160498-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://966606562403-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://018374986982-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://808848644305-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://952102514441-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://930529819694-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://568998584705-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?966300594657&amp;url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?538408855654&amp;url=https://naver538408855654-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?503073579110&amp;url=https://naver503073579110-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?279635488229&amp;url=https://naver279635488229-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?105660020428&amp;url=https://naver105660020428-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?875796823897&amp;url=https://naver875796823897-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?335257177634&amp;url=https://naver335257177634-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?647789667247&amp;url=https://naver647789667247-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?939318041567&amp;url=https://naver939318041567-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?275038503281&amp;url=https://naver275038503281-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?248973666697&amp;url=https://naver248973666697-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?491647465979&amp;url=https://naver491647465979-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?720059273170&amp;url=https://naver720059273170-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-447006845919.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-756344227332.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-260677711422.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-006507573217.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-640373699766.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-538771971531.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-399610474412.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-782758401278.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-366520769621.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-779210499664.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-405633560122.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-298251339250.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-300276727280.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-537559888704.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-937853984911.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-684413477232.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-110091494279-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-578079148689-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-927640962061-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/2580679413" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/3785642109">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Analyzing the Role of Social Ties in Sustaining Player Communities" title="Analyzing the Role of Social Ties in Sustaining Player Communities" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-3785642109.mit-edu.top/post/3785642109/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/3785642109">Analyzing the Role of Social Ties in Sustaining Player Communities</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research examines the integration of mixed reality (MR) technologies, combining elements of both augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), into mobile games. The study explores how MR can enhance player immersion by providing interactive, context-aware experiences that blend the virtual and physical worlds. Drawing on immersive media theories and user experience research, the paper investigates how MR technologies can create more engaging and dynamic gameplay experiences, including new forms of storytelling, exploration, and social interaction. The research also addresses the technical challenges of implementing MR in mobile games, such as hardware constraints, spatial mapping, and real-time rendering, and provides recommendations for developers seeking to leverage MR in mobile game design.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/3785642109" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Analyzing the Role of Social Ties in Sustaining Player Communities" title="Analyzing the Role of Social Ties in Sustaining Player Communities" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Richard Wilson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/9803567142">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Premium Mobile Game Content" title="Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Premium Mobile Game Content" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-9803567142.mit-edu.top/post/9803567142/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/9803567142">Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Premium Mobile Game Content</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the role of the psychological concept of "flow" in mobile gaming, focusing on the cognitive mechanisms that lead to optimal player experiences. Drawing upon cognitive science and game theory, the study explores how mobile games are designed to facilitate flow states through dynamic challenge-skill balancing, immediate feedback, and immersive environments. The paper also considers the implications of sustained flow experiences on player well-being, skill development, and the potential for using mobile games as tools for cognitive enhancement and education.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/9803567142" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Premium Mobile Game Content" title="Socioeconomic Disparities in Access to Premium Mobile Game Content" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Harold Matthews</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/3652049871">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Augmented Reality Mechanics for Indoor Mobile Gaming Experiences" title="Augmented Reality Mechanics for Indoor Mobile Gaming Experiences" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-3652049871.mit-edu.top/post/3652049871/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/3652049871">Augmented Reality Mechanics for Indoor Mobile Gaming Experiences</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research investigates how mobile games contribute to the transhumanist imagination by exploring themes of human enhancement and augmented reality (AR). The study examines how mobile AR games, such as Pokémon Go, offer new forms of interaction between players and their physical environments, effectively blurring the boundaries between the digital and physical worlds. Drawing on transhumanist philosophy and media theory, the paper explores the implications of AR technology for redefining human perception, cognition, and embodiment. It also addresses ethical concerns related to the over-reliance on AR technologies and the potential for social disconnection.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://826176.mit-edu.top/post/3652049871" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="Augmented Reality Mechanics for Indoor Mobile Gaming Experiences" title="Augmented Reality Mechanics for Indoor Mobile Gaming Experiences" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Laura Bell</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda