It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments #730494465568 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments #730494465568 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-01-31T22:48:40Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Charles Taylor" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments #730494465568 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Charles Taylor",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-01-31T22:48:40Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/730494465568"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://afeak9.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "730494465568",
  52.            "abstract": "Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments #730494465568 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Charles Taylor",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-01-31T22:48:40Z",
  58.                "url": "https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments" title="Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Charles Taylor</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Charles Taylor for contributing the article "Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments" title="Modeling Decision Fatigue in Freemium Game Environments" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research explores the relationship between mobile gaming habits and academic performance among students. It examines both positive aspects, such as improved cognitive skills, and negative aspects, such as decreased study time and attention.</p>
  100. <p>This paper provides a comparative legal analysis of intellectual property (IP) rights as they pertain to mobile game development, focusing on the protection of game code, design elements, and in-game assets across different jurisdictions. The study examines the legal challenges that developers face when navigating copyright, trademark, and patent law in the global mobile gaming market. By comparing IP regulations in the United States, the European Union, and Asia, the paper identifies key legal barriers and proposes policy recommendations to foster innovation while protecting the intellectual property of creators. The study also considers emerging issues such as the ownership of user-generated content and the legal status of in-game assets like NFTs.</p>
  101. <p>This research conducts a comparative analysis of privacy policies and player awareness in mobile gaming apps, focusing on how game developers handle personal data, user consent, and data security. The study examines the transparency and comprehensiveness of privacy policies in popular mobile games, identifying common practices and discrepancies in data collection, storage, and sharing. Drawing on legal and ethical frameworks for data privacy, the paper investigates the implications of privacy violations for player trust, brand reputation, and regulatory compliance. The research also explores the role of player awareness in influencing privacy-related behaviors, offering recommendations for developers to improve transparency and empower players to make informed decisions regarding their data.</p>
  102. <p>This research explores the role of ethical AI in mobile game design, focusing on how AI can be used to create fair and inclusive gaming experiences. The study examines the challenges of ensuring that AI-driven game mechanics, such as matchmaking, procedural generation, and player behavior analysis, do not perpetuate bias, discrimination, or exclusion. By applying ethical frameworks from artificial intelligence, the paper investigates how developers can design AI systems that promote fairness, inclusivity, and diversity within mobile games. The research also explores the broader social implications of AI-driven game design, including the potential for AI to empower marginalized groups and provide more equitable gaming opportunities.</p>
  103. <p>This research explores the use of adaptive learning algorithms and machine learning techniques in mobile games to personalize player experiences. The study examines how machine learning models can analyze player behavior and dynamically adjust game content, difficulty levels, and in-game rewards to optimize player engagement. By integrating concepts from reinforcement learning and predictive modeling, the paper investigates the potential of personalized game experiences in increasing player retention and satisfaction. The research also considers the ethical implications of data collection and algorithmic bias, emphasizing the importance of transparent data practices and fair personalization mechanisms in ensuring a positive player experience.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://296658451701-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://759740634251-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://916173403178-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://014195370244-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://307733924532-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://982209101520-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://157182512396-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://688132331551-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://561623739547-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://709038607411-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://744800957129-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://593448218122-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://082833018499-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://494116166410-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://242164363656-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://057807756278-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://984536560776-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://213579275065-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://740467266719-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://375443174522-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?450956521568&amp;url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?394965802347&amp;url=https://naver394965802347-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?764117462468&amp;url=https://naver764117462468-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?110267196583&amp;url=https://naver110267196583-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?073318084596&amp;url=https://naver073318084596-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?333689400537&amp;url=https://naver333689400537-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?246995202633&amp;url=https://naver246995202633-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?431981625984&amp;url=https://naver431981625984-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?824877601291&amp;url=https://naver824877601291-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?821184538737&amp;url=https://naver821184538737-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?999487979367&amp;url=https://naver999487979367-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?127356439657&amp;url=https://naver127356439657-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?001884574523&amp;url=https://naver001884574523-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-210256968604.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-258113924012.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-579921253378.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-965826351163.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-465977125127.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-352689585078.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-603810166754.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-467979715073.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-022639499780.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-896471828526.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-597004407660.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-610589668315.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-408360920730.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-270947008167.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-024956506343.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-335318436531.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-232159861357-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-908642986527-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-461114348653-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/8316057942" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/0183975642">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Exploring Seamless Transition Mechanisms Between Real and Virtual Spaces in Mixed Reality Games" title="Exploring Seamless Transition Mechanisms Between Real and Virtual Spaces in Mixed Reality Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-0183975642.mit-edu.top/post/0183975642/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/0183975642">Exploring Seamless Transition Mechanisms Between Real and Virtual Spaces in Mixed Reality Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">In the labyrinth of quests and adventures, gamers become digital explorers, venturing into uncharted territories and unraveling mysteries that test their wit and resolve. Whether embarking on a daring rescue mission or delving deep into ancient ruins, each quest becomes a personal journey, shaping characters and forging legends that echo through the annals of gaming history. The thrill of overcoming obstacles and the satisfaction of completing objectives fuel the relentless pursuit of new challenges and the quest for gaming excellence.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/0183975642" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Exploring Seamless Transition Mechanisms Between Real and Virtual Spaces in Mixed Reality Games" title="Exploring Seamless Transition Mechanisms Between Real and Virtual Spaces in Mixed Reality Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Dennis Torres</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/2346597801">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" title="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-2346597801.mit-edu.top/post/2346597801/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/2346597801">Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research examines how mobile gaming facilitates social interactions among players, focusing on community building, communication patterns, and the formation of virtual identities. It also considers the implications of mobile gaming on social behavior and relationships.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/2346597801" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" title="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Judith Mitchell</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/2471386095">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/4.jpg" alt="Mitigating Data Breaches in Mobile Game Networks Through Blockchain Solutions" title="Mitigating Data Breaches in Mobile Game Networks Through Blockchain Solutions" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-2471386095.mit-edu.top/post/2471386095/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/2471386095">Mitigating Data Breaches in Mobile Game Networks Through Blockchain Solutions</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">A Comparative Analysis This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of various monetization models in mobile gaming, including in-app purchases, advertisements, and subscription services. It compares the effectiveness and ethical considerations of each model, offering recommendations for developers and policymakers.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://afeak9.mit-edu.top/post/2471386095" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/3.jpg" alt="Mitigating Data Breaches in Mobile Game Networks Through Blockchain Solutions" title="Mitigating Data Breaches in Mobile Game Networks Through Blockchain Solutions" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Donald Green</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda