It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis #653319414327 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis #653319414327 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T01:19:24Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Paul Young" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis #653319414327 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Paul Young",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T01:19:24Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/653319414327"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://axig3u.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "653319414327",
  52.            "abstract": "Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis #653319414327 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Paul Young",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T01:19:24Z",
  58.                "url": "https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis" title="Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Paul Young</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Paul Young for contributing the article "Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis" title="Modeling Long-Term Engagement in Mobile Games: Insights from Survival Analysis" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research critically analyzes the representation of diverse cultures, identities, and experiences in mobile games. It explores how game developers approach diversity and inclusion, from character design to narrative themes. The study discusses the challenges of creating culturally sensitive content while ensuring broad market appeal and the potential social impact of inclusive mobile game design.</p>
  100. <p>This paper explores the use of data analytics in mobile game design, focusing on how player behavior data can be leveraged to optimize gameplay, enhance personalization, and drive game development decisions. The research investigates the various methods of collecting and analyzing player data, such as clickstreams, session data, and social interactions, and how this data informs design choices regarding difficulty balancing, content delivery, and monetization strategies. The study also examines the ethical considerations of player data collection, particularly regarding informed consent, data privacy, and algorithmic transparency. The paper proposes a framework for integrating data-driven design with ethical considerations to create better player experiences without compromising privacy.</p>
  101. <p>This paper explores the increasing integration of social media features in mobile games, such as in-game sharing, leaderboards, and social network connectivity. It examines how these features influence player behavior, community engagement, and the overall gaming experience. The research also discusses the benefits and challenges of incorporating social elements into games, particularly in terms of user privacy, data sharing, and online safety.</p>
  102. <p>Virtual reality gaming has unlocked a new dimension of immersion, transporting players into fantastical realms where they can interact with virtual environments and characters in ways previously unimaginable. The sensory richness of VR experiences, coupled with intuitive motion controls, has redefined how players engage with games, blurring the boundaries between the digital realm and the physical world.</p>
  103. <p>Gaming's evolution from the pixelated adventures of classic arcade games to the breathtakingly realistic graphics of contemporary consoles has been nothing short of astounding. Each technological leap has not only enhanced visual fidelity but also deepened immersion, blurring the lines between reality and virtuality. The attention to detail in modern games, from lifelike character animations to dynamic environmental effects, creates an immersive sensory experience that captivates players and transports them to fantastical worlds beyond imagination.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://784710792419-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://290927951145-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://709157625107-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://176417447439-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://235449019924-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://697207925576-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://311054087521-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://423415985605-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://408965696702-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://201963115457-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://046517167063-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://522203523620-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://931586391953-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://679375738068-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://311783787836-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://466651929967-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://430236168236-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://614398945501-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://703799442476-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://183917578017-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?812372453823&amp;url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?768015724016&amp;url=https://naver768015724016-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?774575266403&amp;url=https://naver774575266403-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?758131417228&amp;url=https://naver758131417228-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?890392969327&amp;url=https://naver890392969327-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?943594979883&amp;url=https://naver943594979883-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?935768557687&amp;url=https://naver935768557687-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?884816501961&amp;url=https://naver884816501961-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?458447841318&amp;url=https://naver458447841318-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?263032720202&amp;url=https://naver263032720202-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?862969105949&amp;url=https://naver862969105949-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?723865781085&amp;url=https://naver723865781085-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?267388564860&amp;url=https://naver267388564860-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-771275258635.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-113312848686.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-433910098116.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-741605116447.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-732590244646.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-745567141202.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-713468241400.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-525099673220.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-944175357793.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-518668721330.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-297620725133.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-778448800677.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-450583603475.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-447061339273.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-054121866815.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-176413067873.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-907824230742-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-838520038680-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-096773174857-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/0548267391" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/2341907685">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Market Dynamics of Secondary Trading of Digital Assets in Mobile Games" title="Market Dynamics of Secondary Trading of Digital Assets in Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-2341907685.mit-edu.top/post/2341907685/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/2341907685">Market Dynamics of Secondary Trading of Digital Assets in Mobile Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper analyzes the economic contributions of the mobile gaming industry to local economies, including job creation, revenue generation, and the development of related sectors such as tourism and retail. It provides case studies from various regions to illustrate these impacts.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/2341907685" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="Market Dynamics of Secondary Trading of Digital Assets in Mobile Games" title="Market Dynamics of Secondary Trading of Digital Assets in Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Raymond Henderson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/8216704953">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" title="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-8216704953.mit-edu.top/post/8216704953/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/8216704953">Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This paper applies semiotic analysis to the narratives and interactive elements within mobile games, focusing on how mobile games act as cultural artifacts that reflect and shape societal values, ideologies, and cultural norms. The study investigates how game developers use signs, symbols, and codes within mobile games to communicate meaning to players and how players interpret these signs in diverse cultural contexts. By analyzing various mobile games across genres, the paper explores the role of games in reinforcing or challenging cultural representations, identity politics, and the formation of global gaming cultures. The research offers a critique of the ways in which mobile games participate in the construction of collective cultural memory.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/8216704953" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/3.jpg" alt="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" title="Cybersecurity Challenges in Location-Based Mobile Games: Threat Analysis and Solutions" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Kenneth Nelson</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/3907861452">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg" alt="Evolutionary AI for Emergent Strategy Development in Turn-Based Games" title="Evolutionary AI for Emergent Strategy Development in Turn-Based Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-3907861452.mit-edu.top/post/3907861452/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/3907861452">Evolutionary AI for Emergent Strategy Development in Turn-Based Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study presents a multidimensional framework for understanding the diverse motivations that drive player engagement across different mobile game genres. By drawing on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the research examines how intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factors—such as achievement, autonomy, social interaction, and competition—affect player behavior and satisfaction. The paper explores how various game genres (e.g., casual, role-playing, and strategy games) tailor their game mechanics to cater to different motivational drivers. It also evaluates how player motivation impacts retention, in-game purchases, and long-term player loyalty, offering a deeper understanding of game design principles and their role in shaping player experiences.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://axig3u.mit-edu.top/post/3907861452" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Evolutionary AI for Emergent Strategy Development in Turn-Based Games" title="Evolutionary AI for Emergent Strategy Development in Turn-Based Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Gregory Jenkins</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda