It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines #748528893596 (2025-02-02)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines #748528893596 (2025-02-02)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-02T10:09:35Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Walter Hughes" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines #748528893596 (2025-02-02)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Walter Hughes",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-02T10:09:35Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/748528893596"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "748528893596",
  52.            "abstract": "Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines #748528893596 (2025-02-02)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Walter Hughes",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-02T10:09:35Z",
  58.                "url": "https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" title="Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Walter Hughes</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-02</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Walter Hughes for contributing the article "Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" title="Simulating Fluid Dynamics in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This paper analyzes the economic contributions of the mobile gaming industry to local economies, including job creation, revenue generation, and the development of related sectors such as tourism and retail. It provides case studies from various regions to illustrate these impacts.</p>
  100. <p>Esports, the competitive gaming phenomenon, has experienced an unprecedented surge in popularity, evolving into a multi-billion-dollar industry with professional players competing for lucrative prize pools in tournaments watched by millions of viewers worldwide. The rise of esports has not only elevated gaming to a mainstream spectacle but has also paved the way for new career opportunities and avenues for aspiring gamers to showcase their skills on a global stage.</p>
  101. <p>In the labyrinth of quests and adventures, gamers become digital explorers, venturing into uncharted territories and unraveling mysteries that test their wit and resolve. Whether embarking on a daring rescue mission or delving deep into ancient ruins, each quest becomes a personal journey, shaping characters and forging legends that echo through the annals of gaming history. The thrill of overcoming obstacles and the satisfaction of completing objectives fuel the relentless pursuit of new challenges and the quest for gaming excellence.</p>
  102. <p>This study explores the social and economic implications of microtransactions in mobile gaming, focusing on player behavior, spending patterns, and the potential for addiction. It also investigates the broader effects on the gaming industry, such as the shift in business models, the emergence of virtual economies, and the ethical concerns surrounding "pay-to-win" mechanics. The research offers policy recommendations to address these issues in a balanced manner.</p>
  103. <p>Game streaming platforms like Twitch, YouTube Gaming, and Mixer have revolutionized how gamers consume and interact with gaming content, turning everyday players into content creators, influencers, and entertainers. Livestreamed gameplay, interactive chats, and community engagement redefine the gaming experience, transforming passive consumption into dynamic, participatory entertainment.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://397638028194-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://477314955817-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://641230079743-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://656465813655-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://040532397520-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://627501967514-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://105460075038-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://378030093853-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://040791101758-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://755358296099-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://109484888868-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://088153929564-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://484083003952-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://330227025940-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://343209748156-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://457842086109-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://812416541861-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://846651306080-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://399900891043-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://797974068623-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?753462592483&amp;url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?472687956744&amp;url=https://naver472687956744-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?150912298634&amp;url=https://naver150912298634-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?983132570748&amp;url=https://naver983132570748-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?543118623615&amp;url=https://naver543118623615-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?945719218631&amp;url=https://naver945719218631-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?889863718139&amp;url=https://naver889863718139-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?991363958530&amp;url=https://naver991363958530-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?451214403399&amp;url=https://naver451214403399-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?761574474610&amp;url=https://naver761574474610-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?016879814046&amp;url=https://naver016879814046-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?596826802950&amp;url=https://naver596826802950-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?408970971568&amp;url=https://naver408970971568-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-540055604387.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-977263313100.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-208364219314.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-884323120847.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-188599620456.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-988810308740.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-052147865615.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-687633322113.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-144029134448.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-125796255028.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-460682006409.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-412856778248.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-973486322480.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-680331273569.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-146071868217.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-859197266309.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-427783697304-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-481313008018-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-744474317095-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/8392501467" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/7239051486">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Gift-Giving Mechanics in Mobile Social Games" title="The Psychology of Gift-Giving Mechanics in Mobile Social Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-7239051486.mit-edu.top/post/7239051486/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/7239051486">The Psychology of Gift-Giving Mechanics in Mobile Social Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the ethical and psychological implications of microtransaction systems in mobile games, particularly in free-to-play models. The study examines how microtransactions, which allow players to purchase in-game items, cosmetics, or advantages, influence player behavior, spending habits, and overall satisfaction. Drawing on ethical theory and psychological models of consumer decision-making, the paper explores how microtransactions contribute to the phenomenon of “pay-to-win,” exploitation of vulnerable players, and player frustration. The research also evaluates the psychological impact of loot boxes, virtual currency, and in-app purchases, offering recommendations for ethical monetization practices that prioritize player well-being without compromising developer profitability.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/7239051486" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Gift-Giving Mechanics in Mobile Social Games" title="The Psychology of Gift-Giving Mechanics in Mobile Social Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Linda Miller</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/1459237806">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" title="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-1459237806.mit-edu.top/post/1459237806/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/1459237806">Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study investigates the environmental impact of mobile game development, focusing on energy consumption, resource usage, and sustainability practices within the mobile gaming industry. The research examines the ecological footprint of mobile games, including the energy demands of game servers, device usage, and the carbon footprint of game downloads and updates. Drawing on sustainability studies and environmental science, the paper evaluates the role of game developers in mitigating environmental harm through energy-efficient coding, sustainable development practices, and eco-friendly server infrastructure. The research also explores the potential for mobile games to raise environmental awareness among players and promote sustainable behaviors through in-game content and narratives.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/1459237806" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" title="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Ronald Parker</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/3647820519">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/7.jpg" alt="Predictive Analytics for Optimizing In-Game Advertising Revenue" title="Predictive Analytics for Optimizing In-Game Advertising Revenue" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-3647820519.mit-edu.top/post/3647820519/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/3647820519">Predictive Analytics for Optimizing In-Game Advertising Revenue</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper analyzes the economic contributions of the mobile gaming industry to local economies, including job creation, revenue generation, and the development of related sectors such as tourism and retail. It provides case studies from various regions to illustrate these impacts.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://bb1lmo.mit-edu.top/post/3647820519" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Predictive Analytics for Optimizing In-Game Advertising Revenue" title="Predictive Analytics for Optimizing In-Game Advertising Revenue" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>George Baker</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>

Home · About · News · Docs · Terms

 
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda