It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #637384955438 (2025-02-04)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #637384955438 (2025-02-04)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-04T10:00:08Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Joseph Lee" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #637384955438 (2025-02-04)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Joseph Lee",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-04T10:00:08Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/637384955438"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "637384955438",
  52.            "abstract": "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #637384955438 (2025-02-04)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Joseph Lee",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-04T10:00:08Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" title="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Joseph Lee</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-04</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Joseph Lee for contributing the article "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" title="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>The quest for achievements and trophies fuels the drive for mastery, pushing gamers to hone their skills and conquer challenges that once seemed insurmountable. Whether completing 100% of a game's objectives or achieving top rankings in competitive modes, the pursuit of virtual accolades reflects a thirst for excellence and a desire to push boundaries. The sense of accomplishment that comes with unlocking achievements drives players to continually improve and excel in their gaming endeavors.</p>
  100. <p>This paper examines how mobile games can be utilized as platforms for social advocacy and political mobilization, particularly in the context of global social movements. The study explores the potential for mobile games to raise awareness about social justice issues, such as climate change, gender equality, and human rights, by engaging players in interactive, narrative-driven activism. By drawing on theories of participatory media and political communication, the research analyzes how game mechanics can be used to simulate real-world social challenges, promote empathy, and encourage collective action. The paper also discusses the ethical challenges of gamifying serious issues and the risks of oversimplification or exploitation of activism.</p>
  101. <p>This study examines the psychological effects of mobile game addiction, including its impact on mental health, social relationships, and academic performance. It also explores societal perceptions of gaming addiction and discusses potential interventions and preventive measures.</p>
  102. <p>This paper investigates the use of mobile games and gamification techniques in areas beyond entertainment, such as education, healthcare, and corporate training. It examines how game mechanics are applied to encourage desired behaviors, improve productivity, and enhance learning outcomes. The study also analyzes the effectiveness and challenges of gamification strategies, highlighting case studies from various industries.</p>
  103. <p>The storytelling in video games has matured into an art form, offering players complex narratives filled with rich characters, moral dilemmas, and emotionally resonant experiences that rival those found in literature and cinema. Players are no longer passive consumers but active participants in interactive narratives, shaping the outcome of stories through their choices and actions. This interactive storytelling blurs the line between player and protagonist, creating deeply personal and immersive narratives that leave a lasting impact.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://384094666886-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://094575532720-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://414661709108-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://675254963321-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://984157109665-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://746766623159-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://546988076592-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://212179753329-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://081306351959-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://857416738956-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://821254253493-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://139224210951-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://625420012248-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://663903316249-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://760856929461-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://573707563964-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://295929805881-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://473320578858-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://615011431034-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://914592740083-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?140936798399&amp;url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?533636137597&amp;url=https://naver533636137597-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?761870184277&amp;url=https://naver761870184277-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?857686630994&amp;url=https://naver857686630994-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?518367044221&amp;url=https://naver518367044221-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?339766541219&amp;url=https://naver339766541219-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?872972333260&amp;url=https://naver872972333260-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?975307531407&amp;url=https://naver975307531407-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?062284172469&amp;url=https://naver062284172469-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?702129226766&amp;url=https://naver702129226766-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?410650467785&amp;url=https://naver410650467785-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?102459439742&amp;url=https://naver102459439742-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?664331082058&amp;url=https://naver664331082058-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-105874394630.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-573547714248.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-356652562059.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-489953901366.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-147562307073.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-220435484489.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-770816520277.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-517315648691.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-140588566557.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-109236988719.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-283053267225.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-072637457371.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-070841870275.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-592225833096.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-731579676661.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-848976426748.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-231531205462-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-330007292089-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-732316239493-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/6413950728" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/3629870415">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" title="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-3629870415.mit-edu.top/post/3629870415/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/3629870415">Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research explores the intersection of mobile gaming and digital citizenship, with a focus on the ethical, social, and political implications of gaming in the digital age. Drawing on sociotechnical theory, the study examines how mobile games contribute to the development of civic behaviors, digital literacy, and ethical engagement in online communities. It also explores the role of mobile games in shaping identity, social responsibility, and participatory culture. The paper critically evaluates the positive and negative impacts of mobile games on digital citizenship, and offers policy recommendations for fostering ethical game design and responsible player behavior in the digital ecosystem.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/3629870415" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" title="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Amanda Evans</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/0948627351">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" alt="Tokenomics in Multi-Game Ecosystems: A Blockchain Perspective" title="Tokenomics in Multi-Game Ecosystems: A Blockchain Perspective" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-0948627351.mit-edu.top/post/0948627351/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/0948627351">Tokenomics in Multi-Game Ecosystems: A Blockchain Perspective</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Nostalgia permeates gaming culture, evoking fond memories of classic titles that shaped childhoods and ignited lifelong passions for gaming. The resurgence of remastered versions, reboots, and sequels to beloved franchises taps into this nostalgia, offering players a chance to relive cherished moments while introducing new generations to timeless gaming classics.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/0948627351" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Tokenomics in Multi-Game Ecosystems: A Blockchain Perspective" title="Tokenomics in Multi-Game Ecosystems: A Blockchain Perspective" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Stephen Hamilton</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/9720831645">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/7.jpg" alt="Dynamic Resource Allocation in Virtual Economies Using Machine Learning" title="Dynamic Resource Allocation in Virtual Economies Using Machine Learning" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-9720831645.mit-edu.top/post/9720831645/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/9720831645">Dynamic Resource Allocation in Virtual Economies Using Machine Learning</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research applies behavioral economics theories to the analysis of in-game purchasing behavior in mobile games, exploring how psychological factors such as loss aversion, framing effects, and the endowment effect influence players' spending decisions. The study investigates the role of game design in encouraging or discouraging spending behavior, particularly within free-to-play models that rely on microtransactions. The paper examines how developers use pricing strategies, scarcity mechanisms, and rewards to motivate players to make purchases, and how these strategies impact player satisfaction, long-term retention, and overall game profitability. The research also considers the ethical concerns associated with in-game purchases, particularly in relation to vulnerable players.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-072320471927.mit-edu.top/post/9720831645" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/6.jpg" alt="Dynamic Resource Allocation in Virtual Economies Using Machine Learning" title="Dynamic Resource Allocation in Virtual Economies Using Machine Learning" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Edward Roberts</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda