It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective #482677638597 (2025-02-07)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective #482677638597 (2025-02-07)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-07T08:42:14Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Joshua Gray" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective #482677638597 (2025-02-07)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Joshua Gray",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-07T08:42:14Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/482677638597"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "482677638597",
  52.            "abstract": "The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective #482677638597 (2025-02-07)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Joshua Gray",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-07T08:42:14Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective" title="The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Joshua Gray</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-07</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Joshua Gray for contributing the article "The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" alt="The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective" title="The Ethics of Biometric Data Utilization in Games: A Privacy Perspective" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Esports, the competitive gaming phenomenon, has experienced an unprecedented surge in popularity, evolving into a multi-billion-dollar industry with professional players competing for lucrative prize pools in tournaments watched by millions of viewers worldwide. The rise of esports has not only elevated gaming to a mainstream spectacle but has also paved the way for new career opportunities and avenues for aspiring gamers to showcase their skills on a global stage.</p>
  100. <p>The quest for achievements and trophies fuels the drive for mastery, pushing gamers to hone their skills and conquer challenges that once seemed insurmountable. Whether completing 100% of a game's objectives or achieving top rankings in competitive modes, the pursuit of virtual accolades reflects a thirst for excellence and a desire to push boundaries. The sense of accomplishment that comes with unlocking achievements drives players to continually improve and excel in their gaming endeavors.</p>
  101. <p>This paper examines the intersection of mobile games and behavioral economics, exploring how game mechanics can be used to influence economic decision-making and consumer behavior. Drawing on insights from psychology, game theory, and economics, the study analyzes how mobile games employ reward systems, uncertainty, risk-taking, and resource management to simulate real-world economic decisions. The research explores the potential for mobile games to be used as tools for teaching economic principles, as well as their role in shaping financial behavior in the digital economy. The paper also discusses the ethical considerations of using gamified elements in influencing players’ financial choices.</p>
  102. <p>This study explores the integration of augmented reality (AR) technologies in mobile games, examining how AR enhances user engagement and immersion. It discusses technical challenges, user acceptance, and the future potential of AR in mobile gaming.</p>
  103. <p>This study applies social psychology theories to understand how group identity and collective behavior are formed and manifested within multiplayer mobile games. The research investigates the ways in which players form alliances, establish group norms, and engage in cooperative or competitive behaviors. By analyzing case studies of popular multiplayer mobile games, the paper explores the role of ingroups and outgroups, social influence, and group polarization within game environments. It also examines the psychological effects of online social interaction in gaming communities, discussing how mobile games foster both prosocial behavior and toxic interactions within groups.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://995464612370-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://893194193163-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://882997886333-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://804032121540-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://969386765965-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://653387677171-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://394449535574-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://140637102531-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://308116355899-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://753310724898-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://518771802713-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://358838804245-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://217797658435-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://626898233016-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://907321853623-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://398231893483-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://306618309041-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://136599838662-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://842290521292-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://023037150800-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?883740934254&amp;url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?317436649942&amp;url=https://naver317436649942-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?767847835209&amp;url=https://naver767847835209-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?202738169803&amp;url=https://naver202738169803-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?577472648323&amp;url=https://naver577472648323-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?007637558822&amp;url=https://naver007637558822-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?738628076723&amp;url=https://naver738628076723-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?087820221984&amp;url=https://naver087820221984-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?749631815678&amp;url=https://naver749631815678-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?575157456248&amp;url=https://naver575157456248-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?271460945809&amp;url=https://naver271460945809-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?080648495011&amp;url=https://naver080648495011-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?857472309456&amp;url=https://naver857472309456-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-540030938903.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-743354530388.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-529574128222.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-225126591836.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-380419271129.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-641564787309.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-958042780822.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-859061935082.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-561291197002.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-270363548445.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-638247403532.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-651451689716.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-070825489204.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-044307673819.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-087059657749.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-287218613153.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-910202100905-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-971645574306-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-167473875995-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/0816249573" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/8196074352">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" alt="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" title="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-8196074352.mit-edu.top/post/8196074352/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/8196074352">Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research explores the use of adaptive learning algorithms and machine learning techniques in mobile games to personalize player experiences. The study examines how machine learning models can analyze player behavior and dynamically adjust game content, difficulty levels, and in-game rewards to optimize player engagement. By integrating concepts from reinforcement learning and predictive modeling, the paper investigates the potential of personalized game experiences in increasing player retention and satisfaction. The research also considers the ethical implications of data collection and algorithmic bias, emphasizing the importance of transparent data practices and fair personalization mechanisms in ensuring a positive player experience.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/8196074352" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" title="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Mary Johnson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/7892465103">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Progression Systems in Role-Playing Mobile Games" title="The Psychology of Progression Systems in Role-Playing Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-7892465103.mit-edu.top/post/7892465103/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/7892465103">The Psychology of Progression Systems in Role-Playing Mobile Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Multiplayer platforms foster communities of gamers, forging friendships across continents and creating bonds that transcend virtual boundaries. Through cooperative missions, competitive matches, and shared adventures, players connect on a deeper level, building camaraderie and teamwork skills that extend beyond the digital realm. The social aspect of gaming not only enhances gameplay but also enriches lives, fostering friendships that endure and memories that last a lifetime.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/7892465103" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/3.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Progression Systems in Role-Playing Mobile Games" title="The Psychology of Progression Systems in Role-Playing Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Jerry Fisher</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/5382091476">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Analyzing the Social Dynamics of Competitive Mobile Games Using Network Theory" title="Analyzing the Social Dynamics of Competitive Mobile Games Using Network Theory" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-5382091476.mit-edu.top/post/5382091476/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/5382091476">Analyzing the Social Dynamics of Competitive Mobile Games Using Network Theory</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Gaming's impact on education is profound, with gamified learning platforms revolutionizing how students engage with academic content. By incorporating game elements such as rewards, challenges, and progression systems into educational software, educators are able to make learning more interactive, enjoyable, and effective, catering to diverse learning styles and enhancing retention rates.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-098480230942.mit-edu.top/post/5382091476" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="Analyzing the Social Dynamics of Competitive Mobile Games Using Network Theory" title="Analyzing the Social Dynamics of Competitive Mobile Games Using Network Theory" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Katherine Foster</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda