It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games #121246085128 (2025-01-31)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games #121246085128 (2025-01-31)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-01-31T07:55:15Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Alice Coleman" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games #121246085128 (2025-01-31)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Alice Coleman",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-01-31T07:55:15Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/121246085128"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "121246085128",
  52.            "abstract": "Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games #121246085128 (2025-01-31)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Alice Coleman",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-01-31T07:55:15Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games" title="Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Alice Coleman</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-01-31</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Alice Coleman for contributing the article "Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games" title="Cross-Market Revenue Optimization in Globally Distributed Mobile Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Virtual reality gaming has unlocked a new dimension of immersion, transporting players into fantastical realms where they can interact with virtual environments and characters in ways previously unimaginable. The sensory richness of VR experiences, coupled with intuitive motion controls, has redefined how players engage with games, blurring the boundaries between the digital realm and the physical world.</p>
  100. <p>This study examines the psychological effects of mobile game addiction, including its impact on mental health, social relationships, and academic performance. It also explores societal perceptions of gaming addiction and discusses potential interventions and preventive measures.</p>
  101. <p>This paper explores the integration of virtual goods and cryptocurrencies within mobile games, analyzing how these digital assets are reshaping in-game economies and influencing real-world economic practices. The study examines how players engage with virtual currencies and goods, exploring their role in enhancing player agency, fostering virtual economies, and enabling new forms of monetization. The research also explores the potential for blockchain technology to facilitate secure, decentralized in-game transactions, providing insights into the future of digital currencies within the gaming industry and the broader global economy.</p>
  102. <p>This paper examines how mobile games can be utilized as platforms for social advocacy and political mobilization, particularly in the context of global social movements. The study explores the potential for mobile games to raise awareness about social justice issues, such as climate change, gender equality, and human rights, by engaging players in interactive, narrative-driven activism. By drawing on theories of participatory media and political communication, the research analyzes how game mechanics can be used to simulate real-world social challenges, promote empathy, and encourage collective action. The paper also discusses the ethical challenges of gamifying serious issues and the risks of oversimplification or exploitation of activism.</p>
  103. <p>This paper examines the psychological factors that drive player motivation in mobile games, focusing on how developers can optimize game design to enhance player engagement and ensure long-term retention. The study investigates key motivational theories, such as Self-Determination Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior, to explore how intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as autonomy, competence, and relatedness, influence player behavior. Drawing on empirical studies and player data, the research analyzes how different game mechanics, such as rewards, achievements, and social interaction, shape players’ emotional investment and commitment to games. The paper also discusses the role of narrative, social comparison, and competition in sustaining player motivation over time.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://577917947340-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://011187758136-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://487777134835-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://620365476585-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://261075713481-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://294677230267-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://714463089196-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://667015134602-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://426453124670-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://979899556267-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://871341584129-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://442910907996-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://842478256380-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://548961916207-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://208098772920-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://845474539335-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://426057877686-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://453756730388-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://831764217922-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://600378913398-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?972000884950&amp;url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?482175345373&amp;url=https://naver482175345373-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?175514311612&amp;url=https://naver175514311612-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?600006145453&amp;url=https://naver600006145453-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?997525842394&amp;url=https://naver997525842394-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?735997168278&amp;url=https://naver735997168278-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?982437726579&amp;url=https://naver982437726579-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?053393776365&amp;url=https://naver053393776365-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?181908707940&amp;url=https://naver181908707940-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?723470386716&amp;url=https://naver723470386716-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?093629247438&amp;url=https://naver093629247438-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?218013186424&amp;url=https://naver218013186424-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?562233832105&amp;url=https://naver562233832105-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-029863794596.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-914557913237.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-521831343330.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-709259850206.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-008422184378.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-402846926842.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-827958659402.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-720157908293.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-885579752557.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-313263435550.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-350179568025.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-091246988215.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-558013148166.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-113915525649.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-338269715526.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-931857479761.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-323897821647-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-519171865940-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-797674706095-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/1409762538" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/3924670851">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" title="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-3924670851.mit-edu.top/post/3924670851/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/3924670851">AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study investigates how mobile games can encourage physical activity among players, focusing on games that incorporate movement and exercise. It evaluates the effectiveness of these games in promoting health and fitness. </p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/3924670851" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" title="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Brenda Watson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/5461902837">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Scarcity in Time-Limited Game Events" title="The Psychology of Scarcity in Time-Limited Game Events" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-5461902837.mit-edu.top/post/5461902837/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/5461902837">The Psychology of Scarcity in Time-Limited Game Events</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This paper examines how mobile games can enhance players’ psychological empowerment by improving their self-efficacy and confidence through gameplay. The research investigates how game mechanics such as challenges, achievements, and skill development contribute to a player's sense of mastery and competence. Drawing on psychological theories of self-efficacy and motivation, the study explores how mobile games can be designed to provide players with a sense of accomplishment and personal growth, particularly in games that focus on skill-based tasks, puzzles, and strategy. The paper also explores the impact of mobile games on players' overall well-being, particularly in terms of their confidence and ability to overcome challenges in real life.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/5461902837" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/13.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Scarcity in Time-Limited Game Events" title="The Psychology of Scarcity in Time-Limited Game Events" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Emma Price</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/6573841290">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" alt="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" title="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-6573841290.mit-edu.top/post/6573841290/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/6573841290">Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This longitudinal study investigates the effectiveness of gamification elements in mobile fitness games in fostering long-term behavioral changes related to physical activity and health. By tracking player behavior over extended periods, the research assesses the impact of in-game rewards, challenges, and social interactions on players’ motivation and adherence to fitness goals. The paper employs a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including surveys, biometric data, and in-game analytics, to provide a comprehensive understanding of how game mechanics influence physical activity patterns, health outcomes, and sustained engagement.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-1409762538.mit-edu.top/post/6573841290" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/15.jpg" alt="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" title="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Stephen Hamilton</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda