It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces #940278343376 (2025-02-02)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces #940278343376 (2025-02-02)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T18:50:55Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Sharon Cox" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces #940278343376 (2025-02-02)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Sharon Cox",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T18:50:55Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/940278343376"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "940278343376",
  52.            "abstract": "Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces #940278343376 (2025-02-02)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Sharon Cox",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T18:50:55Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces" title="Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Sharon Cox</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-02</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Sharon Cox for contributing the article "Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces" title="Multi-User Synchronization in Shared AR Gaming Spaces" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This paper investigates the impact of mobile gaming on attention span and cognitive load, particularly in relation to multitasking behaviors and the consumption of digital media. The research examines how the fast-paced, highly interactive nature of mobile games affects cognitive processes such as sustained attention, task-switching, and mental fatigue. Using experimental methods and cognitive psychology theories, the study analyzes how different types of mobile games, from casual games to action-packed shooters, influence players’ ability to focus on tasks and process information. The paper explores the long-term effects of mobile gaming on attention span and offers recommendations for mitigating negative impacts, especially in the context of educational and professional environments.</p>
  100. <p>Multiplayer platforms foster communities of gamers, forging friendships across continents and creating bonds that transcend virtual boundaries. Through cooperative missions, competitive matches, and shared adventures, players connect on a deeper level, building camaraderie and teamwork skills that extend beyond the digital realm. The social aspect of gaming not only enhances gameplay but also enriches lives, fostering friendships that endure and memories that last a lifetime.</p>
  101. <p>This study examines the political economy of mobile game development, focusing on the labor dynamics, capital flows, and global supply chains that underpin the mobile gaming industry. The research investigates how outsourcing, labor exploitation, and the concentration of power in the hands of large multinational corporations shape the development and distribution of mobile games. Drawing on Marxist economic theory and critical media studies, the paper critiques the economic models that drive the mobile gaming industry and offers a critical analysis of the ethical, social, and political implications of the industry's global production networks.</p>
  102. <p>This paper applies semiotic analysis to the narratives and interactive elements within mobile games, focusing on how mobile games act as cultural artifacts that reflect and shape societal values, ideologies, and cultural norms. The study investigates how game developers use signs, symbols, and codes within mobile games to communicate meaning to players and how players interpret these signs in diverse cultural contexts. By analyzing various mobile games across genres, the paper explores the role of games in reinforcing or challenging cultural representations, identity politics, and the formation of global gaming cultures. The research offers a critique of the ways in which mobile games participate in the construction of collective cultural memory.</p>
  103. <p>Game developers are the visionary architects behind the mesmerizing worlds and captivating narratives that define modern gaming experiences. Their tireless innovation and creativity have propelled the industry forward, delivering groundbreaking titles that blur the line between reality and fantasy, leaving players awestruck and eager for the next technological marvel.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://893537422685-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://083266684198-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://885381760014-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://766025533969-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://628138926454-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://531633019712-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://275661624438-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://220976339593-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://805776994550-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://713157989077-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://610660050527-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://227682654070-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://778776448515-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://510563396054-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://320727705672-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://327178739796-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://125830263345-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://115683915632-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://405485097671-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://607942553122-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?513087337975&amp;url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?485242313017&amp;url=https://naver485242313017-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?263685936345&amp;url=https://naver263685936345-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?078775313838&amp;url=https://naver078775313838-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?169470107475&amp;url=https://naver169470107475-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?079703201088&amp;url=https://naver079703201088-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?519993709657&amp;url=https://naver519993709657-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?678425923993&amp;url=https://naver678425923993-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?214312274163&amp;url=https://naver214312274163-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?444409277019&amp;url=https://naver444409277019-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?611900332773&amp;url=https://naver611900332773-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?991307751202&amp;url=https://naver991307751202-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?230942813014&amp;url=https://naver230942813014-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-147314713854.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-520741074068.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-250651065897.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-269654116181.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-388795620685.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-891471108063.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-584193322201.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-773742321569.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-789696944464.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-807027294579.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-811078947807.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-501958338030.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-850318200407.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-291082732937.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-770584660702.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-522662392590.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-774968735894-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-360331693950-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-199449516013-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/4583721906" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/2069831754">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="The Role of Augmented Reality in Hybrid Physical-Digital Board Games" title="The Role of Augmented Reality in Hybrid Physical-Digital Board Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-2069831754.mit-edu.top/post/2069831754/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/2069831754">The Role of Augmented Reality in Hybrid Physical-Digital Board Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper examines the growth and sustainability of mobile esports within the broader competitive gaming ecosystem. The research investigates the rise of mobile esports tournaments, platforms, and streaming services, focusing on how mobile games like League of Legends: Wild Rift, PUBG Mobile, and Free Fire are becoming major players in the esports industry. Drawing on theories of sports management, media studies, and digital economies, the study explores the factors contributing to the success of mobile esports, such as accessibility, mobile-first design, and player demographics. The research also considers the future challenges of mobile esports, including monetization, player welfare, and the potential for integration with traditional esports leagues.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/2069831754" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="The Role of Augmented Reality in Hybrid Physical-Digital Board Games" title="The Role of Augmented Reality in Hybrid Physical-Digital Board Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Rebecca Cook</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/6140385297">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" title="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-6140385297.mit-edu.top/post/6140385297/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/6140385297">The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study examines the growing trend of fitness-related mobile games, which use game mechanics to motivate players to engage in physical activities. It evaluates the effectiveness of these games in promoting healthier behaviors and increasing physical activity levels. The paper also investigates the psychological factors behind players’ motivation to exercise through games and explores the future potential of fitness gamification in public health campaigns.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/6140385297" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/17.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" title="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Joyce Stevens</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/1985706324">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/8.jpg" alt="Automating Security Testing in Mobile Game Development Pipelines" title="Automating Security Testing in Mobile Game Development Pipelines" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-1985706324.mit-edu.top/post/1985706324/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/1985706324">Automating Security Testing in Mobile Game Development Pipelines</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research explores the relationship between mobile gaming habits and academic performance among students. It examines both positive aspects, such as improved cognitive skills, and negative aspects, such as decreased study time and attention.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-173529777301.mit-edu.top/post/1985706324" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="Automating Security Testing in Mobile Game Development Pipelines" title="Automating Security Testing in Mobile Game Development Pipelines" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>John Smith</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda