It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness #699192186969 (2025-02-02)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness #699192186969 (2025-02-02)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T19:47:11Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Joseph Lee" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness #699192186969 (2025-02-02)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Joseph Lee",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T19:47:11Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/699192186969"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "699192186969",
  52.            "abstract": "The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness #699192186969 (2025-02-02)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Joseph Lee",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T19:47:11Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" title="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Joseph Lee</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-02</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Joseph Lee for contributing the article "The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" title="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research investigates the cognitive benefits of mobile games, focusing on how different types of games can enhance players’ problem-solving abilities, decision-making skills, and critical thinking. The study draws on cognitive psychology, educational theory, and game-based learning research to examine how game mechanics, such as puzzles, strategy, and role-playing, promote higher-order thinking. The paper evaluates the potential for mobile games to be used as tools for educational development and cognitive training, particularly for children, students, and individuals with cognitive impairments. It also considers the limitations of mobile games in fostering cognitive development and the need for a balanced approach to game design.</p>
  100. <p>Nostalgia permeates gaming culture, evoking fond memories of classic titles that shaped childhoods and ignited lifelong passions for gaming. The resurgence of remastered versions, reboots, and sequels to beloved franchises taps into this nostalgia, offering players a chance to relive cherished moments while introducing new generations to timeless gaming classics.</p>
  101. <p>This paper explores the use of mobile games as learning tools, integrating gamification strategies into educational contexts. The research draws on cognitive learning theories and educational psychology to analyze how game mechanics such as rewards, challenges, and feedback influence knowledge retention, motivation, and problem-solving skills. By reviewing case studies of mobile learning games, the paper identifies best practices for designing educational games that foster deep learning experiences while maintaining player engagement. The study also examines the potential for mobile games to address disparities in education access and equity, particularly in resource-limited environments.</p>
  102. <p>Gaming culture has evolved into a vibrant and interconnected community where players from diverse backgrounds and cultures converge. They share strategies, forge lasting alliances, and engage in friendly competition, turning virtual friendships into real-world connections that span continents. Beyond gaming itself, this global community often rallies around charitable causes, organizing fundraising events, and using their collective influence for social good, showcasing the positive impact of gaming on society.</p>
  103. <p>This paper investigates the ethical concerns surrounding mobile game addiction and its potential societal consequences. It examines the role of game design features, such as reward loops, monetization practices, and social competition, in fostering addictive behaviors among players. The research analyzes current regulatory frameworks across different countries and proposes policy recommendations aimed at mitigating the negative effects of mobile game addiction, with an emphasis on industry self-regulation, consumer protection, and the promotion of healthy gaming habits.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://537027269946-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://568765928727-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://363944498100-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://927821488354-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://847610456740-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://290001093875-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://023859343015-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://050735854954-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://064442045320-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://365666271254-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://739234741185-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://480923059526-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://144279753776-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://241369807890-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://295147851289-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://164431155282-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://272062081506-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://382501417860-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://986515732039-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://247397035286-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?327004102854&amp;url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?338632556395&amp;url=https://naver338632556395-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?099617259060&amp;url=https://naver099617259060-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?480766109963&amp;url=https://naver480766109963-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?128857467328&amp;url=https://naver128857467328-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?053050008184&amp;url=https://naver053050008184-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?805792014999&amp;url=https://naver805792014999-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?735478274670&amp;url=https://naver735478274670-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?680499979559&amp;url=https://naver680499979559-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?761161134671&amp;url=https://naver761161134671-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?509967935085&amp;url=https://naver509967935085-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?982938805921&amp;url=https://naver982938805921-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?034501751758&amp;url=https://naver034501751758-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-452960469752.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-633135248708.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-974049985181.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-227203467871.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-305275063577.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-576094227047.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-394171212730.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-347695452152.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-684388128545.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-766940074734.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-289595753292.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-105969536230.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-237711140099.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-675994215701.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-755388302173.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-397497364954.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-386866032570-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-311629968708-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-444949478064-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/2893516740" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/8253194607">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Quantum Computing for Enabling Secure Game Data Transactions" title="Quantum Computing for Enabling Secure Game Data Transactions" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-8253194607.mit-edu.top/post/8253194607/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/8253194607">Quantum Computing for Enabling Secure Game Data Transactions</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research evaluates the environmental sustainability of the mobile gaming industry, focusing on the environmental footprint of game development, distribution, and consumption. The study examines energy consumption patterns, electronic waste generation, and resource use across the mobile gaming lifecycle, offering a comprehensive assessment of the industry's impact on global sustainability. It also explores innovative approaches to mitigate these effects, such as green game design principles, eco-friendly server technologies, and sustainable mobile device manufacturing practices.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/8253194607" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="Quantum Computing for Enabling Secure Game Data Transactions" title="Quantum Computing for Enabling Secure Game Data Transactions" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Martha Perry</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/9807465123">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" title="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-9807465123.mit-edu.top/post/9807465123/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/9807465123">Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Gaming culture has transcended borders and languages, emerging as a vibrant global community that unites people from all walks of life under the banner of shared enthusiasm for interactive digital experiences. From casual gamers to hardcore enthusiasts, gaming has become a universal language, fostering connections, friendships, and even rivalries that span continents and time zones.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/9807465123" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" title="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>William Rodriguez</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/0178965432">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="The Influence of Social Leaderboards on Player Retention in Mobile Games" title="The Influence of Social Leaderboards on Player Retention in Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-0178965432.mit-edu.top/post/0178965432/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/0178965432">The Influence of Social Leaderboards on Player Retention in Mobile Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research explores the use of adaptive learning algorithms and machine learning techniques in mobile games to personalize player experiences. The study examines how machine learning models can analyze player behavior and dynamically adjust game content, difficulty levels, and in-game rewards to optimize player engagement. By integrating concepts from reinforcement learning and predictive modeling, the paper investigates the potential of personalized game experiences in increasing player retention and satisfaction. The research also considers the ethical implications of data collection and algorithmic bias, emphasizing the importance of transparent data practices and fair personalization mechanisms in ensuring a positive player experience.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-206730618445.mit-edu.top/post/0178965432" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="The Influence of Social Leaderboards on Player Retention in Mobile Games" title="The Influence of Social Leaderboards on Player Retention in Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Donna Perez</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda