It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games #825641122241 (2025-02-05)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games #825641122241 (2025-02-05)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/7.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-05T10:59:43Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Pamela Kelly" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games #825641122241 (2025-02-05)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Pamela Kelly",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-05T10:59:43Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/7.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/825641122241"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "825641122241",
  52.            "abstract": "AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games #825641122241 (2025-02-05)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Pamela Kelly",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-05T10:59:43Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games" title="AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Pamela Kelly</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-05</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Pamela Kelly for contributing the article "AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/7.jpg" alt="AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games" title="AI-Driven Systems for Promoting Ethical Player Interactions in Online Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Nostalgia permeates gaming culture, evoking fond memories of classic titles that shaped childhoods and ignited lifelong passions for gaming. The resurgence of remastered versions, reboots, and sequels to beloved franchises taps into this nostalgia, offering players a chance to relive cherished moments while introducing new generations to timeless gaming classics.</p>
  100. <p>This study investigates how mobile games can encourage physical activity among players, focusing on games that incorporate movement and exercise. It evaluates the effectiveness of these games in promoting health and fitness. </p>
  101. <p>This study explores the evolution of virtual economies within mobile games, focusing on the integration of digital currency and blockchain technology. It analyzes how virtual economies are structured in mobile games, including the use of in-game currencies, tradeable assets, and microtransactions. The paper also investigates the potential of blockchain technology to provide decentralized, secure, and transparent virtual economies, examining its impact on player ownership, digital asset exchange, and the creation of new revenue models for developers and players alike.</p>
  102. <p>The social fabric of gaming is woven through online multiplayer experiences, where players collaborate, compete, and form lasting friendships in virtual realms. Whether teaming up in cooperative missions or facing off in intense PvP battles, the camaraderie and sense of community fostered by online gaming platforms transcend geographical distances, creating bonds that extend beyond the digital domain.</p>
  103. <p>This paper presents a sociocultural analysis of the representation of gender, race, and identity in mobile games. It explores how mobile games construct social identities through character design, narrative framing, and player interaction. The research examines the ways in which game developers can either reinforce or challenge societal stereotypes and cultural norms, with a particular focus on gender dynamics in both player avatars and character roles. Drawing on critical theories of representation, postcolonial studies, and feminist media studies, the study explores the implications of these representations for player self-perception and broader societal trends related to gender equality and diversity.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://365541060550-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://726063441975-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://208362599043-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://250215387984-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://338435055891-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://141055481412-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://041849373116-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://712201426522-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://170221526610-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://647969631851-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://903666883815-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://068739794590-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://463549740116-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://794185692565-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://535995942307-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://271282962470-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://049205859449-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://043283901130-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://426664769690-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://275220125543-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?834957090767&amp;url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?233103230753&amp;url=https://naver233103230753-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?875329713118&amp;url=https://naver875329713118-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?818994617038&amp;url=https://naver818994617038-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?351427704247&amp;url=https://naver351427704247-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?219521413312&amp;url=https://naver219521413312-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?773576401543&amp;url=https://naver773576401543-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?214749560523&amp;url=https://naver214749560523-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?675906184441&amp;url=https://naver675906184441-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?082237669143&amp;url=https://naver082237669143-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?099142519100&amp;url=https://naver099142519100-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?818263471695&amp;url=https://naver818263471695-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?462376676691&amp;url=https://naver462376676691-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-842852844761.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-018288824051.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-719478563849.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-123509601539.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-311726998846.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-792077990240.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-211364306488.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-088862442749.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-449473405642.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-072611529316.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-560735789627.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-077631849110.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-262203859933.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-411484292955.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-140051188408.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-794798139288.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-707903527523-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-741682462931-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-755783654344-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/3678921540" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/5460819273">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/7.jpg" alt="Cultural Sensitivity in AI Personalization for Global Mobile Games" title="Cultural Sensitivity in AI Personalization for Global Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-5460819273.mit-edu.top/post/5460819273/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/5460819273">Cultural Sensitivity in AI Personalization for Global Mobile Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper examines the application of behavioral economics and game theory in understanding consumer behavior within the mobile gaming ecosystem. It explores how concepts such as loss aversion, anchoring bias, and the endowment effect are leveraged by mobile game developers to influence players' in-game spending, decision-making, and engagement. The study also introduces game-theoretic models to analyze the strategic interactions between developers, players, and other stakeholders, such as advertisers and third-party service providers, proposing new models for optimizing user acquisition and retention strategies in the competitive mobile game market.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/5460819273" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="Cultural Sensitivity in AI Personalization for Global Mobile Games" title="Cultural Sensitivity in AI Personalization for Global Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Dorothy King</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/2645830971">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" alt="The Use of Serious Games in Promoting Financial Literacy Among Adolescents" title="The Use of Serious Games in Promoting Financial Literacy Among Adolescents" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-2645830971.mit-edu.top/post/2645830971/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/2645830971">The Use of Serious Games in Promoting Financial Literacy Among Adolescents</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research explores the potential of integrating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques into mobile game design to promote mental health and well-being. The study investigates how game mechanics, such as goal-setting, positive reinforcement, and self-reflection, can be used to incorporate CBT principles into mobile games aimed at addressing issues such as anxiety, depression, and stress. Drawing on psychological theories of behavior change, the paper examines the efficacy of mobile games as tools for delivering therapeutic interventions and improving mental health outcomes. The research also discusses the challenges of designing games that balance therapeutic goals with entertainment value, as well as the ethical considerations of using games as therapeutic tools.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/2645830971" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="The Use of Serious Games in Promoting Financial Literacy Among Adolescents" title="The Use of Serious Games in Promoting Financial Literacy Among Adolescents" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Jennifer Lopez</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/4103625978">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Player Archetypes in Social Gaming: A Cluster Analysis Approach" title="Player Archetypes in Social Gaming: A Cluster Analysis Approach" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-4103625978.mit-edu.top/post/4103625978/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/4103625978">Player Archetypes in Social Gaming: A Cluster Analysis Approach</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Mobile gaming has democratized access to gaming experiences, empowering billions of smartphone users to dive into a vast array of games ranging from casual puzzles to graphically intensive adventures. The portability and convenience of mobile devices have transformed downtime into playtime, allowing gamers to indulge their passion anytime, anywhere, with a tap of their fingertips.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-211189920360.mit-edu.top/post/4103625978" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Player Archetypes in Social Gaming: A Cluster Analysis Approach" title="Player Archetypes in Social Gaming: A Cluster Analysis Approach" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>David Hernandez</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda