It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games #476510734627 (2025-02-02)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games #476510734627 (2025-02-02)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T19:55:27Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Scott Bennett" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games #476510734627 (2025-02-02)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T19:55:27Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/476510734627"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "476510734627",
  52.            "abstract": "Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games #476510734627 (2025-02-02)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T19:55:27Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games" title="Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Scott Bennett</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-02</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Scott Bennett for contributing the article "Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games" title="Explainable Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Content Adaptation in Mobile Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This paper explores the increasing integration of social media features in mobile games, such as in-game sharing, leaderboards, and social network connectivity. It examines how these features influence player behavior, community engagement, and the overall gaming experience. The research also discusses the benefits and challenges of incorporating social elements into games, particularly in terms of user privacy, data sharing, and online safety.</p>
  100. <p>This study explores the integration of augmented reality (AR) technologies in mobile games, examining how AR enhances user engagement and immersion. It discusses technical challenges, user acceptance, and the future potential of AR in mobile gaming.</p>
  101. <p>This study explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and procedural content generation (PCG) in mobile game development, focusing on how these technologies can create dynamic and ever-changing game environments. The paper examines how AI-powered systems can generate game content such as levels, characters, items, and quests in response to player actions, creating highly personalized and unique experiences for each player. Drawing on procedural generation theories, machine learning, and user experience design, the research investigates the benefits and challenges of using AI in game development, including issues related to content coherence, complexity, and player satisfaction. The study also discusses the future potential of AI-driven content creation in shaping the next generation of mobile games.</p>
  102. <p>This research investigates the potential of mobile games as tools for political engagement and civic education, focusing on how game mechanics can be used to teach democratic values, political participation, and social activism. The study compares gamified civic education games across different cultures and political systems, analyzing their effectiveness in fostering political literacy, voter participation, and civic responsibility. By applying frameworks from political science and education theory, the paper assesses the impact of mobile games on shaping young people's political beliefs and behaviors, while also examining the ethical implications of using games for political socialization.</p>
  103. <p>The gaming industry's commercial landscape is fiercely competitive, with companies employing diverse monetization strategies such as microtransactions, downloadable content (DLC), and subscription models to sustain and grow their player bases. Balancing player engagement with revenue generation is a delicate dance that requires thoughtful design and consideration of player feedback.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://124069724680-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://263414426783-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://897791814311-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://393752778020-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://562231621390-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://582923052428-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://606518574897-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://950099148340-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://755997858419-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://266746532541-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://566390366865-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://651592428192-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://756901157796-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://823410985135-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://387297563163-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://379048731172-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://171784212032-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://888105432447-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://310437744822-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://344658837747-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?291435277210&amp;url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?085577802377&amp;url=https://naver085577802377-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?151835655709&amp;url=https://naver151835655709-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?236057066524&amp;url=https://naver236057066524-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?205532358431&amp;url=https://naver205532358431-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?007578401107&amp;url=https://naver007578401107-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?813566996440&amp;url=https://naver813566996440-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?775529729477&amp;url=https://naver775529729477-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?327438129576&amp;url=https://naver327438129576-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?175820908550&amp;url=https://naver175820908550-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?432480212055&amp;url=https://naver432480212055-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?977825542035&amp;url=https://naver977825542035-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?125971024373&amp;url=https://naver125971024373-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-394500197870.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-425638250747.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-859387626076.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-195883926580.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-305480265194.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-856564273761.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-153812843391.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-317927313979.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-396772898179.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-354793834627.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-369766606374.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-653470416985.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-269732478444.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-105742107445.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-596184611584.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-821675186650.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-970725275883-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-254312795962-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-470146134206-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/8015932764" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/4257608139">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Exploring Linguistic Nuances in Game-Based Communication Systems" title="Exploring Linguistic Nuances in Game-Based Communication Systems" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-4257608139.mit-edu.top/post/4257608139/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/4257608139">Exploring Linguistic Nuances in Game-Based Communication Systems</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Gaming has become a universal language, transcending geographical boundaries and language barriers. It allows players from all walks of life to connect, communicate, and collaborate through shared experiences, fostering friendships that span the globe. The rise of online multiplayer gaming has further strengthened these connections, enabling players to form communities, join guilds, and participate in global events, creating a sense of camaraderie and belonging in a digital world.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/4257608139" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="Exploring Linguistic Nuances in Game-Based Communication Systems" title="Exploring Linguistic Nuances in Game-Based Communication Systems" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Alice Coleman</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/2406791385">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="Player Motivation Typologies: A Cross-Cultural Study" title="Player Motivation Typologies: A Cross-Cultural Study" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-2406791385.mit-edu.top/post/2406791385/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/2406791385">Player Motivation Typologies: A Cross-Cultural Study</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study leverages mobile game analytics and predictive modeling techniques to explore how player behavior data can be used to enhance monetization strategies and retention rates. The research employs machine learning algorithms to analyze patterns in player interactions, purchase behaviors, and in-game progression, with the goal of forecasting player lifetime value and identifying factors contributing to player churn. The paper offers insights into how game developers can optimize their revenue models through targeted in-game offers, personalized content, and adaptive difficulty settings, while also discussing the ethical implications of data collection and algorithmic decision-making in the gaming industry.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/2406791385" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="Player Motivation Typologies: A Cross-Cultural Study" title="Player Motivation Typologies: A Cross-Cultural Study" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Angela Cooper</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/4159308627">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/11.jpg" alt="The Long-Term Effects of Achievement Systems on Player Motivation" title="The Long-Term Effects of Achievement Systems on Player Motivation" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-4159308627.mit-edu.top/post/4159308627/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/4159308627">The Long-Term Effects of Achievement Systems on Player Motivation</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper explores the integration of virtual goods and cryptocurrencies within mobile games, analyzing how these digital assets are reshaping in-game economies and influencing real-world economic practices. The study examines how players engage with virtual currencies and goods, exploring their role in enhancing player agency, fostering virtual economies, and enabling new forms of monetization. The research also explores the potential for blockchain technology to facilitate secure, decentralized in-game transactions, providing insights into the future of digital currencies within the gaming industry and the broader global economy.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-218974333040.mit-edu.top/post/4159308627" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="The Long-Term Effects of Achievement Systems on Player Motivation" title="The Long-Term Effects of Achievement Systems on Player Motivation" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Cynthia Bailey</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda