It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications #812329878925 (2025-02-03)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications #812329878925 (2025-02-03)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-03T14:04:22Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Kevin Stewart" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications #812329878925 (2025-02-03)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Kevin Stewart",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-03T14:04:22Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/812329878925"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "812329878925",
  52.            "abstract": "Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications #812329878925 (2025-02-03)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Kevin Stewart",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-03T14:04:22Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/6.jpg" alt="Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications" title="Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Kevin Stewart</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-03</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Kevin Stewart for contributing the article "Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications" title="Procedural Content Generation in Mobile Games: Algorithms and Applications" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research examines the intersection of mobile games and the evolving landscape of media consumption, particularly in the context of journalism and news delivery. The study explores how mobile games are influencing the way users consume information, engage with news stories, and interact with media content. By analyzing game mechanics such as interactive narratives, role-playing elements, and user-driven content creation, the paper investigates how mobile games can be leveraged to deliver news in novel ways that increase engagement and foster critical thinking. The research also addresses the challenges of misinformation, echo chambers, and the ethical implications of gamified news delivery.</p>
  100. <p>This study examines the impact of cognitive load on player performance and enjoyment in mobile games, particularly those with complex gameplay mechanics. The research investigates how different levels of complexity, such as multitasking, resource management, and strategic decision-making, influence players' cognitive processes and emotional responses. Drawing on cognitive load theory and flow theory, the paper explores how game designers can optimize the balance between challenge and skill to enhance player engagement and enjoyment. The study also evaluates how players' cognitive load varies with game genre, such as puzzle games, action games, and role-playing games, providing recommendations for designing games that promote optimal cognitive engagement.</p>
  101. <p>This study investigates the privacy and data security issues associated with mobile gaming, focusing on data collection practices, user consent, and potential vulnerabilities. It proposes strategies for enhancing data protection and ensuring user privacy.</p>
  102. <p>Virtual reality transports players to alternate dimensions, blurring the lines between reality and fiction, and offering glimpses of futuristic realms yet to be explored. Through immersive simulations and interactive experiences, VR technology revolutionizes gaming, providing unprecedented levels of immersion and engagement. From virtual adventures in space to realistic simulations of historical events, VR opens doors to limitless possibilities, inviting players to step into worlds beyond imagination.</p>
  103. <p>This study examines how mobile games can contribute to the development of smart cities, focusing on the integration of gaming technologies with urban planning, sustainability initiatives, and civic engagement efforts. The paper investigates the potential of mobile games to facilitate smart city initiatives, such as crowd-sourced data collection, environmental monitoring, and social participation. By exploring the intersection of gaming, urban studies, and IoT, the research discusses how mobile games can play a role in addressing contemporary challenges in urban sustainability, mobility, and governance.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://698734114779-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://030861821713-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://177570239012-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://434811815901-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://084265572230-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://354355609190-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://371861070496-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://053386321757-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://328337364551-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://758708304732-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://374550382125-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://852308483354-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://284668895350-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://389601286427-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://265601020586-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://475901049900-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://028771507177-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://280238876477-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://571472475353-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://413220049063-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?951698346593&amp;url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?841386728050&amp;url=https://naver841386728050-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?155062467526&amp;url=https://naver155062467526-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?361910294332&amp;url=https://naver361910294332-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?005810926433&amp;url=https://naver005810926433-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?770423169260&amp;url=https://naver770423169260-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?390723034625&amp;url=https://naver390723034625-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?728362730783&amp;url=https://naver728362730783-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?099026155138&amp;url=https://naver099026155138-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?531994466303&amp;url=https://naver531994466303-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?587555965867&amp;url=https://naver587555965867-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?472995849949&amp;url=https://naver472995849949-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?496026385030&amp;url=https://naver496026385030-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-637114861161.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-745640689292.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-930434507319.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-795912087651.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-610649842896.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-246987857458.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-757422694659.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-633922547246.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-031876742495.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-754119173465.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-729544157335.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-009258724245.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-153400082037.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-452186687612.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-594919534884.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-882186821140.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-719480740142-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-095583072380-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-973188160018-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/9623481507" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/2695047831">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" title="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-2695047831.mit-edu.top/post/2695047831/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/2695047831">AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Mobile gaming has democratized access to gaming experiences, empowering billions of smartphone users to dive into a vast array of games ranging from casual puzzles to graphically intensive adventures. The portability and convenience of mobile devices have transformed downtime into playtime, allowing gamers to indulge their passion anytime, anywhere, with a tap of their fingertips.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/2695047831" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/6.jpg" alt="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" title="AI-Driven Customization for Inclusive Game Experiences" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Amanda Evans</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/6984735012">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" alt="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" title="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-6984735012.mit-edu.top/post/6984735012/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/6984735012">Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research evaluates the environmental sustainability of the mobile gaming industry, focusing on the environmental footprint of game development, distribution, and consumption. The study examines energy consumption patterns, electronic waste generation, and resource use across the mobile gaming lifecycle, offering a comprehensive assessment of the industry's impact on global sustainability. It also explores innovative approaches to mitigate these effects, such as green game design principles, eco-friendly server technologies, and sustainable mobile device manufacturing practices.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/6984735012" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" title="Dynamic Goal Recognition in Player-Centric Game AI Systems" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Michelle Turner</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/2514603789">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" alt="Optimizing In-App Purchases Through Personalized Recommendation Systems" title="Optimizing In-App Purchases Through Personalized Recommendation Systems" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-2514603789.mit-edu.top/post/2514603789/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/2514603789">Optimizing In-App Purchases Through Personalized Recommendation Systems</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study leverages mobile game analytics and predictive modeling techniques to explore how player behavior data can be used to enhance monetization strategies and retention rates. The research employs machine learning algorithms to analyze patterns in player interactions, purchase behaviors, and in-game progression, with the goal of forecasting player lifetime value and identifying factors contributing to player churn. The paper offers insights into how game developers can optimize their revenue models through targeted in-game offers, personalized content, and adaptive difficulty settings, while also discussing the ethical implications of data collection and algorithmic decision-making in the gaming industry.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-275175715346.mit-edu.top/post/2514603789" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/10.jpg" alt="Optimizing In-App Purchases Through Personalized Recommendation Systems" title="Optimizing In-App Purchases Through Personalized Recommendation Systems" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Amy Ward</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda