It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization #753063067663 (2025-02-04)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization #753063067663 (2025-02-04)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-03T20:46:37Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Mary Johnson" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization #753063067663 (2025-02-04)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Mary Johnson",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-03T20:46:37Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/753063067663"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "753063067663",
  52.            "abstract": "Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization #753063067663 (2025-02-04)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Mary Johnson",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-03T20:46:37Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization" title="Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Mary Johnson</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-04</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Mary Johnson for contributing the article "Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization" title="Adversarial Networks for Real-Time NPC Decision Optimization" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research investigates the role of social media integration in mobile games and its impact on player social connectivity, collaboration, and competition. The study explores how features such as social sharing, friend lists, in-game chats, and social media rewards enhance the social aspects of mobile gaming. By applying theories from social network analysis and media studies, the paper examines how these social elements influence player behavior and game dynamics, including social capital, identity construction, and community formation. The research also addresses potential risks, such as privacy concerns, cyberbullying, and the commercialization of social interactions, and suggests ways to balance social connectivity with player well-being.</p>
  100. <p>The siren song of RPGs beckons with its immersive narratives, drawing players into worlds so vividly crafted that the boundaries between reality and fantasy blur, leaving gamers spellbound in their pixelated destinies. From epic tales of heroism and adventure to nuanced character-driven dramas, RPGs offer a storytelling experience unlike any other, allowing players to become the protagonists of their own epic sagas. The freedom to make choices, shape the narrative, and explore vast, richly detailed worlds sparks the imagination and fosters a deep emotional connection with the virtual realms they inhabit.</p>
  101. <p>This study explores the technical and social challenges associated with cross-platform play in mobile gaming, focusing on how interoperability between different devices and platforms (e.g., iOS, Android, PC, and consoles) can enhance or hinder the player experience. The paper investigates the technical requirements for seamless cross-platform play, including data synchronization, server infrastructure, and device compatibility. From a social perspective, the study examines how cross-platform play influences player communities, social relationships, and competitive dynamics. It also addresses the potential barriers to cross-platform integration, such as platform-specific limitations, security concerns, and business model conflicts.</p>
  102. <p>This research investigates the cognitive benefits of mobile games, focusing on how different types of games can enhance players’ problem-solving abilities, decision-making skills, and critical thinking. The study draws on cognitive psychology, educational theory, and game-based learning research to examine how game mechanics, such as puzzles, strategy, and role-playing, promote higher-order thinking. The paper evaluates the potential for mobile games to be used as tools for educational development and cognitive training, particularly for children, students, and individuals with cognitive impairments. It also considers the limitations of mobile games in fostering cognitive development and the need for a balanced approach to game design.</p>
  103. <p>The future of gaming is a tapestry woven with technological innovations, creative visions, and player-driven evolution. Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), cloud gaming, and blockchain technology promise to revolutionize how we play, experience, and interact with games, ushering in an era of unprecedented possibilities and immersive experiences.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://725936803235-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://908321214630-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://432798160763-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://344767267190-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://322885839118-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://934000445912-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://649469501780-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://264285088588-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://632124499336-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://286454581909-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://518366220442-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://981925543299-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://658859800646-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://369313602704-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://269688554339-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://320384010951-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://312592919878-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://733177109138-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://540535667926-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://217105988305-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?116029883937&amp;url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?404107828649&amp;url=https://naver404107828649-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?137078689292&amp;url=https://naver137078689292-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?280674325845&amp;url=https://naver280674325845-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?527481405103&amp;url=https://naver527481405103-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?062991219277&amp;url=https://naver062991219277-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?719293856694&amp;url=https://naver719293856694-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?835455752951&amp;url=https://naver835455752951-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?172109871800&amp;url=https://naver172109871800-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?285855339875&amp;url=https://naver285855339875-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?350656763973&amp;url=https://naver350656763973-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?961042161756&amp;url=https://naver961042161756-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?280267703868&amp;url=https://naver280267703868-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-435733139344.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-550736354381.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-151538472956.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-379213779842.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-488826942195.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-933239867898.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-166140499271.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-975195789113.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-199879796301.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-440378465084.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-553475784762.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-741372417545.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-392990346793.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-272748923150.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-402157786976.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-910690927292.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-094300440665-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-334021623782-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-884604913453-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/3905471682" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/6257134089">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Mythology in Mobile Game Storytelling" title="A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Mythology in Mobile Game Storytelling" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-6257134089.mit-edu.top/post/6257134089/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/6257134089">A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Mythology in Mobile Game Storytelling</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This systematic review examines existing literature on the effects of mobile gaming on mental health, identifying both beneficial and detrimental outcomes. It provides evidence-based recommendations for stakeholders in the gaming industry and healthcare sectors.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/6257134089" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Mythology in Mobile Game Storytelling" title="A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Mythology in Mobile Game Storytelling" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Charles Taylor</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/7804629315">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg" alt="The Ethics of Player Surveillance in AI-Driven Game Design" title="The Ethics of Player Surveillance in AI-Driven Game Design" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-7804629315.mit-edu.top/post/7804629315/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/7804629315">The Ethics of Player Surveillance in AI-Driven Game Design</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">A Comparative Analysis This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of various monetization models in mobile gaming, including in-app purchases, advertisements, and subscription services. It compares the effectiveness and ethical considerations of each model, offering recommendations for developers and policymakers.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/7804629315" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/15.jpg" alt="The Ethics of Player Surveillance in AI-Driven Game Design" title="The Ethics of Player Surveillance in AI-Driven Game Design" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Steven Mitchell</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/2839406175">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg" alt="Player-Centric Protocols for Transparent Reward Distribution in Blockchain Games" title="Player-Centric Protocols for Transparent Reward Distribution in Blockchain Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-2839406175.mit-edu.top/post/2839406175/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-04</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/2839406175">Player-Centric Protocols for Transparent Reward Distribution in Blockchain Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Gaming events and conventions serve as epicenters of excitement and celebration, where developers unveil new titles, showcase cutting-edge technology, host competitive tournaments, and connect with fans face-to-face. Events like E3, Gamescom, and PAX are not just gatherings but cultural phenomena that unite gaming enthusiasts in shared anticipation, excitement, and camaraderie.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-341262424444.mit-edu.top/post/2839406175" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Player-Centric Protocols for Transparent Reward Distribution in Blockchain Games" title="Player-Centric Protocols for Transparent Reward Distribution in Blockchain Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Brandon Barnes</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-04 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda