It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games #532000374548 (2025-02-05)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games #532000374548 (2025-02-05)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-05T02:38:09Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. George Baker" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games #532000374548 (2025-02-05)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. George Baker",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-05T02:38:09Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/532000374548"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "532000374548",
  52.            "abstract": "Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games #532000374548 (2025-02-05)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. George Baker",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-05T02:38:09Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" title="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">George Baker</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-05</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to George Baker for contributing the article "Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" title="Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Moral Decision-Making in Narrative Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study investigates the privacy and data security issues associated with mobile gaming, focusing on data collection practices, user consent, and potential vulnerabilities. It proposes strategies for enhancing data protection and ensuring user privacy.</p>
  100. <p>Gaming culture has evolved into a vibrant and interconnected community where players from diverse backgrounds and cultures converge. They share strategies, forge lasting alliances, and engage in friendly competition, turning virtual friendships into real-world connections that span continents. Beyond gaming itself, this global community often rallies around charitable causes, organizing fundraising events, and using their collective influence for social good, showcasing the positive impact of gaming on society.</p>
  101. <p>This research applies behavioral economics theories to the analysis of in-game purchasing behavior in mobile games, exploring how psychological factors such as loss aversion, framing effects, and the endowment effect influence players' spending decisions. The study investigates the role of game design in encouraging or discouraging spending behavior, particularly within free-to-play models that rely on microtransactions. The paper examines how developers use pricing strategies, scarcity mechanisms, and rewards to motivate players to make purchases, and how these strategies impact player satisfaction, long-term retention, and overall game profitability. The research also considers the ethical concerns associated with in-game purchases, particularly in relation to vulnerable players.</p>
  102. <p>This research explores how mobile games contribute to the development of digital literacy skills among young players. It looks at how games can teach skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and technology literacy, and how these skills transfer to real-world applications. The study also considers the potential risks associated with mobile gaming, including exposure to online predators and the spread of misinformation, and suggests strategies for promoting safe and effective gaming.</p>
  103. <p>This research examines how mobile gaming facilitates social interactions among players, focusing on community building, communication patterns, and the formation of virtual identities. It also considers the implications of mobile gaming on social behavior and relationships.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://844514737802-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://730293344623-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://132264449800-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://273064338367-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://602174497614-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://058048066472-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://906733503711-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://150922337232-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://049796986669-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://919281306499-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://632456660530-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://138895886815-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://956696559894-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://451515538418-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://996687172832-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://497376822073-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://526467267925-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://643926165903-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://595792055792-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://528211885187-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?894495745324&amp;url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?630209452383&amp;url=https://naver630209452383-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?471999779228&amp;url=https://naver471999779228-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?703235708829&amp;url=https://naver703235708829-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?874002359458&amp;url=https://naver874002359458-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?326258138462&amp;url=https://naver326258138462-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?942824702202&amp;url=https://naver942824702202-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?438483326051&amp;url=https://naver438483326051-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?865701005297&amp;url=https://naver865701005297-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?768998232081&amp;url=https://naver768998232081-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?323028114785&amp;url=https://naver323028114785-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?896315192091&amp;url=https://naver896315192091-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?915213356758&amp;url=https://naver915213356758-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-570049638270.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-799098180602.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-037603561576.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-439357336235.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-153113317188.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-544691345371.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-004738243665.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-097815669129.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-263891902475.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-300666176857.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-413426353742.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-833181611778.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-495080832275.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-801275468877.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-948016865464.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-557775365483.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-930817502414-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-000647002880-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-316965268350-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7924853160" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7123608495">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Affective Computing in Games: Predicting Emotional States Through Gameplay Analytics" title="Affective Computing in Games: Predicting Emotional States Through Gameplay Analytics" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-7123608495.mit-edu.top/post/7123608495/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7123608495">Affective Computing in Games: Predicting Emotional States Through Gameplay Analytics</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the ethical, psychological, and economic impacts of virtual item purchases in free-to-play mobile games. The study explores how microtransactions and virtual goods, such as skins, power-ups, and loot boxes, influence player behavior, spending habits, and overall satisfaction. Drawing on consumer behavior theory, economic models, and psychological studies of behavior change, the paper examines the role of virtual goods in creating addictive spending patterns, particularly among vulnerable populations such as minors or players with compulsive tendencies. The research also discusses the ethical implications of monetizing gameplay through virtual goods and provides recommendations for developers to create fairer and more transparent in-game purchase systems.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/7123608495" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Affective Computing in Games: Predicting Emotional States Through Gameplay Analytics" title="Affective Computing in Games: Predicting Emotional States Through Gameplay Analytics" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Cynthia Bailey</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/1048396257">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" title="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-1048396257.mit-edu.top/post/1048396257/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/1048396257">Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study explores the social and economic implications of microtransactions in mobile gaming, focusing on player behavior, spending patterns, and the potential for addiction. It also investigates the broader effects on the gaming industry, such as the shift in business models, the emergence of virtual economies, and the ethical concerns surrounding "pay-to-win" mechanics. The research offers policy recommendations to address these issues in a balanced manner.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/1048396257" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/3.jpg" alt="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" title="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Anna Ross</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/1584376902">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Player Retention Metrics and Their Correlation with Monetization Success" title="Player Retention Metrics and Their Correlation with Monetization Success" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-1584376902.mit-edu.top/post/1584376902/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/1584376902">Player Retention Metrics and Their Correlation with Monetization Success</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research explores the potential of blockchain technology to transform the digital economy of mobile games by enabling secure, transparent ownership of in-game assets. The study examines how blockchain can be used to facilitate the creation, trading, and ownership of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) within mobile games, allowing players to buy, sell, and trade unique digital items. Drawing on blockchain technology, game design, and economic theory, the paper investigates the implications of decentralized ownership for game economies, player rights, and digital scarcity. The research also considers the challenges of implementing blockchain in mobile games, including scalability, transaction costs, and the environmental impact of blockchain mining.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-351922855407.mit-edu.top/post/1584376902" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/17.jpg" alt="Player Retention Metrics and Their Correlation with Monetization Success" title="Player Retention Metrics and Their Correlation with Monetization Success" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Gloria Bryant</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda