It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs #347215808170 (2025-01-31)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs #347215808170 (2025-01-31)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-01-31T08:56:09Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. George Baker" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs #347215808170 (2025-01-31)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. George Baker",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-01-31T08:56:09Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/347215808170"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "347215808170",
  52.            "abstract": "The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs #347215808170 (2025-01-31)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs",
  56.                "author": "Dr. George Baker",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-01-31T08:56:09Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/10.jpg" alt="The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs" title="The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">George Baker</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-01-31</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to George Baker for contributing the article "The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg" alt="The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs" title="The Role of Virtual Economies in Sustaining Long-Term Engagement in Mobile MMOs" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Virtual reality gaming has unlocked a new dimension of immersion, transporting players into fantastical realms where they can interact with virtual environments and characters in ways previously unimaginable. The sensory richness of VR experiences, coupled with intuitive motion controls, has redefined how players engage with games, blurring the boundaries between the digital realm and the physical world.</p>
  100. <p>This study explores the impact of augmented reality (AR) technology on player immersion and interaction in mobile games. The research examines how AR, which overlays digital content onto the physical environment, enhances gameplay by providing more interactive, immersive, and contextually rich experiences. Drawing on theories of presence, immersion, and user experience, the paper investigates how AR-based games like Pokémon GO and Ingress engage players in real-world exploration, socialization, and competition. The study also considers the challenges of implementing AR in mobile games, including hardware limitations, spatial awareness, and player safety, and provides recommendations for developers seeking to optimize AR experiences for mobile game audiences.</p>
  101. <p>This paper presents a sociocultural analysis of the representation of gender, race, and identity in mobile games. It explores how mobile games construct social identities through character design, narrative framing, and player interaction. The research examines the ways in which game developers can either reinforce or challenge societal stereotypes and cultural norms, with a particular focus on gender dynamics in both player avatars and character roles. Drawing on critical theories of representation, postcolonial studies, and feminist media studies, the study explores the implications of these representations for player self-perception and broader societal trends related to gender equality and diversity.</p>
  102. <p>From the nostalgic allure of retro classics to the cutting-edge simulations of modern gaming, the evolution of this immersive medium mirrors humanity's insatiable thirst for innovation, escapism, and boundless exploration. The rich tapestry of gaming history is woven with iconic titles that have left an indelible mark on pop culture and inspired generations of players. As technology advances and artistic vision continues to push the boundaries of what's possible, the gaming landscape evolves, offering new experiences, genres, and innovations that captivate and enthrall players worldwide.</p>
  103. <p>This research explores how storytelling elements in mobile games influence player engagement and emotional investment. It examines the psychological mechanisms that make narrative-driven games compelling, focusing on immersion, empathy, and character development. The study also assesses how mobile game developers can use narrative structures to enhance long-term player retention and satisfaction.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://148153935303-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://889730978969-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://999886600516-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://910551839703-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://801797697676-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://246308090046-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://139100591661-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://420197711451-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://351455079099-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://159225368487-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://159304549695-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://293103118030-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://576314130061-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://526485015325-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://646540508240-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://754861913661-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://162705269914-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://074998974350-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://452818934204-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://831733231621-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?528963018299&amp;url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?093523007280&amp;url=https://naver093523007280-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?503766828614&amp;url=https://naver503766828614-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?926845754016&amp;url=https://naver926845754016-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?416145105572&amp;url=https://naver416145105572-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?155026528103&amp;url=https://naver155026528103-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?678180732456&amp;url=https://naver678180732456-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?066623949441&amp;url=https://naver066623949441-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?003913381290&amp;url=https://naver003913381290-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?274419026788&amp;url=https://naver274419026788-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?072017227529&amp;url=https://naver072017227529-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?957176294636&amp;url=https://naver957176294636-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?648216123425&amp;url=https://naver648216123425-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-147909804622.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-341715379101.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-813266780571.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-562924259320.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-858879950387.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-955012169361.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-886719805693.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-598627312813.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-130076254926.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-816476735607.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-349631044052.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-688171762409.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-073633367230.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-435831199916.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-082233230594.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-931764807490.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-500501200423-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-857817301487-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-978618778829-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/4087935216" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/3642019875">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg" alt="Behavioral Economics of Microtransaction Design: Player Psychology Insights" title="Behavioral Economics of Microtransaction Design: Player Psychology Insights" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-3642019875.mit-edu.top/post/3642019875/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/3642019875">Behavioral Economics of Microtransaction Design: Player Psychology Insights</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study explores the integration of augmented reality (AR) technologies in mobile games, examining how AR enhances user engagement and immersion. It discusses technical challenges, user acceptance, and the future potential of AR in mobile gaming.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/3642019875" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/10.jpg" alt="Behavioral Economics of Microtransaction Design: Player Psychology Insights" title="Behavioral Economics of Microtransaction Design: Player Psychology Insights" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Larry Sanders</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/7189536204">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/11.jpg" alt="Monetization Strategies in Gacha Games: A Game-Theoretic Approach" title="Monetization Strategies in Gacha Games: A Game-Theoretic Approach" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-7189536204.mit-edu.top/post/7189536204/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/7189536204">Monetization Strategies in Gacha Games: A Game-Theoretic Approach</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This paper explores the use of mobile games as educational tools, assessing their effectiveness in teaching various subjects and skills. It discusses the advantages and limitations of game-based learning in mobile contexts.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/7189536204" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Monetization Strategies in Gacha Games: A Game-Theoretic Approach" title="Monetization Strategies in Gacha Games: A Game-Theoretic Approach" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Christopher Robinson</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/2783940516">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="Human-Centered Interaction Design in Augmented Reality Multiplayer Games" title="Human-Centered Interaction Design in Augmented Reality Multiplayer Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-2783940516.mit-edu.top/post/2783940516/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-01-31</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/2783940516">Human-Centered Interaction Design in Augmented Reality Multiplayer Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper focuses on the cybersecurity risks associated with mobile games, specifically exploring how game applications collect, store, and share player data. The study examines the security vulnerabilities inherent in mobile gaming platforms, such as data breaches, unauthorized access, and exploitation of user information. Drawing on frameworks from cybersecurity research and privacy law, the paper investigates the implications of mobile game data collection on user privacy and the broader implications for digital identity protection. The research also provides policy recommendations for improving the security and privacy protocols in the mobile gaming industry, ensuring that players’ data is adequately protected.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-4087935216.mit-edu.top/post/2783940516" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Human-Centered Interaction Design in Augmented Reality Multiplayer Games" title="Human-Centered Interaction Design in Augmented Reality Multiplayer Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Rebecca Cook</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-01-31 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda