It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives #765887609861 (2025-02-09)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives #765887609861 (2025-02-09)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/8.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-08T18:42:57Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Sandra Scott" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives #765887609861 (2025-02-09)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Sandra Scott",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-08T18:42:57Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/8.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/765887609861"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "765887609861",
  52.            "abstract": "AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives #765887609861 (2025-02-09)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Sandra Scott",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-08T18:42:57Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives" title="AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Sandra Scott</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-09</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Sandra Scott for contributing the article "AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/8.jpg" alt="AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives" title="AI-Powered Personalization in Dynamic Game Narratives" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research explores the intersection of mobile gaming and behavioral economics, focusing on how in-game purchases influence player decision-making. The study analyzes common behavioral biases, such as the “anchoring effect” and “loss aversion,” that developers exploit to encourage spending. It provides insights into how these economic principles affect the design of monetization strategies and the ethical considerations involved in manipulating player behavior.</p>
  100. <p>This research examines the role of mobile game developers in promoting social responsibility through ethical practices and inclusivity in game design. The study explores how developers can address social issues such as diversity, representation, and accessibility within mobile games, ensuring that games are accessible to players of all backgrounds, abilities, and identities. Drawing on ethics, cultural studies, and inclusive design principles, the paper evaluates the impact of inclusive game design on player experiences, with particular focus on gender, race, and disability representation. The research also investigates the role of mobile games in fostering positive social change, offering recommendations for developers to create more socially responsible and inclusive gaming experiences.</p>
  101. <p>This research examines the concept of psychological flow in the context of mobile game design, focusing on how game mechanics can be optimized to facilitate flow states in players. Drawing on Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi’s flow theory, the study analyzes the relationship between player skill, game difficulty, and intrinsic motivation in mobile games. The paper explores how factors such as feedback, challenge progression, and control mechanisms can be incorporated into game design to keep players engaged and motivated. It also examines the role of flow in improving long-term player retention and satisfaction, offering design recommendations for developers seeking to create more immersive and rewarding gaming experiences.</p>
  102. <p>The future of gaming is a tapestry woven with technological innovations, creative visions, and player-driven evolution. Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), cloud gaming, and blockchain technology promise to revolutionize how we play, experience, and interact with games, ushering in an era of unprecedented possibilities and immersive experiences.</p>
  103. <p>This paper analyzes the economic contributions of the mobile gaming industry to local economies, including job creation, revenue generation, and the development of related sectors such as tourism and retail. It provides case studies from various regions to illustrate these impacts.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://522267199412-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://172979451175-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://218180942169-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://978920137435-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://470697119037-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://132458356249-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://363006644603-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://425339143388-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://223958884195-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://850210653296-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://200549471877-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://655174669691-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://756086707861-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://709986752260-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://636695761470-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://040737917816-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://581708871431-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://017255260233-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://934725473654-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://432686787503-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?039063466838&amp;url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?476831385543&amp;url=https://naver476831385543-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?111872275172&amp;url=https://naver111872275172-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?518101059733&amp;url=https://naver518101059733-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?862326738915&amp;url=https://naver862326738915-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?133751903823&amp;url=https://naver133751903823-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?039902399531&amp;url=https://naver039902399531-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?205196710096&amp;url=https://naver205196710096-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?197479873773&amp;url=https://naver197479873773-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?003066286796&amp;url=https://naver003066286796-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?467577196943&amp;url=https://naver467577196943-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?821208519815&amp;url=https://naver821208519815-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?533213850607&amp;url=https://naver533213850607-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-426010403624.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-485377821252.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-548508341053.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-104466815443.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-135251415266.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-101306617063.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-744399603228.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-370906517657.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-319025400949.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-809232079069.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-711586318211.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-861856847860.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-078084966114.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-745577753848.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-523219316124.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-510231606263.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-938323275507-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-438040502525-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-796312716648-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3024167589" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/5631789420">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/8.jpg" alt="The Use of Mobile Games to Combat Stereotypes in Media Representations" title="The Use of Mobile Games to Combat Stereotypes in Media Representations" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-5631789420.mit-edu.top/post/5631789420/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-09</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/5631789420">The Use of Mobile Games to Combat Stereotypes in Media Representations</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper analyzes the economic contributions of the mobile gaming industry to local economies, including job creation, revenue generation, and the development of related sectors such as tourism and retail. It provides case studies from various regions to illustrate these impacts.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/5631789420" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="The Use of Mobile Games to Combat Stereotypes in Media Representations" title="The Use of Mobile Games to Combat Stereotypes in Media Representations" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Brenda Watson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-09 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3417952086">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" title="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-3417952086.mit-edu.top/post/3417952086/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-09</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3417952086">Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study investigates the environmental impact of mobile game development, focusing on energy consumption, resource usage, and sustainability practices within the mobile gaming industry. The research examines the ecological footprint of mobile games, including the energy demands of game servers, device usage, and the carbon footprint of game downloads and updates. Drawing on sustainability studies and environmental science, the paper evaluates the role of game developers in mitigating environmental harm through energy-efficient coding, sustainable development practices, and eco-friendly server infrastructure. The research also explores the potential for mobile games to raise environmental awareness among players and promote sustainable behaviors through in-game content and narratives.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/3417952086" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/15.jpg" alt="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" title="Learning from Sparse Rewards: AI Strategies in Puzzle-Based Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Christopher Robinson</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-09 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/6824350917">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" title="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-6824350917.mit-edu.top/post/6824350917/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-09</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/6824350917">The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the cognitive benefits of mobile games, focusing on how different types of games can enhance players’ problem-solving abilities, decision-making skills, and critical thinking. The study draws on cognitive psychology, educational theory, and game-based learning research to examine how game mechanics, such as puzzles, strategy, and role-playing, promote higher-order thinking. The paper evaluates the potential for mobile games to be used as tools for educational development and cognitive training, particularly for children, students, and individuals with cognitive impairments. It also considers the limitations of mobile games in fostering cognitive development and the need for a balanced approach to game design.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-471845668339.mit-edu.top/post/6824350917" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" title="The Role of Gamified Activism in Promoting Climate Awareness" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Stephanie Rogers</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-09 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda