It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills #728312655432 (2025-02-05)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills #728312655432 (2025-02-05)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-04T17:02:38Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Anthony Edwards" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills #728312655432 (2025-02-05)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Anthony Edwards",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-04T17:02:38Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/728312655432"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "728312655432",
  52.            "abstract": "Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills #728312655432 (2025-02-05)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Anthony Edwards",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-04T17:02:38Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills" title="Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Anthony Edwards</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-05</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Anthony Edwards for contributing the article "Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills" title="Impact of Multiplayer Educational Games on Collaborative Problem-Solving Skills" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Gaming events and conventions serve as epicenters of excitement and celebration, where developers unveil new titles, showcase cutting-edge technology, host competitive tournaments, and connect with fans face-to-face. Events like E3, Gamescom, and PAX are not just gatherings but cultural phenomena that unite gaming enthusiasts in shared anticipation, excitement, and camaraderie.</p>
  100. <p>This paper systematically reviews the growing body of literature on the use of mobile games as interventions in mental health treatment, particularly focusing on anxiety, depression, and cognitive disorders. The study examines various approaches to game-based therapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based games, assessing their effectiveness in improving emotional well-being and mental resilience. The paper proposes a conceptual framework that integrates psychological theories with game design principles to develop therapeutic mobile games. Furthermore, the study explores the ethical implications of using mobile games for mental health interventions, such as user privacy, data security, and informed consent.</p>
  101. <p>This study examines the growing trend of fitness-related mobile games, which use game mechanics to motivate players to engage in physical activities. It evaluates the effectiveness of these games in promoting healthier behaviors and increasing physical activity levels. The paper also investigates the psychological factors behind players’ motivation to exercise through games and explores the future potential of fitness gamification in public health campaigns.</p>
  102. <p>This study investigates the privacy and data security issues associated with mobile gaming, focusing on data collection practices, user consent, and potential vulnerabilities. It proposes strategies for enhancing data protection and ensuring user privacy.</p>
  103. <p>Game developers are the visionary architects behind the mesmerizing worlds and captivating narratives that define modern gaming experiences. Their tireless innovation and creativity have propelled the industry forward, delivering groundbreaking titles that blur the line between reality and fantasy, leaving players awestruck and eager for the next technological marvel.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://222391374583-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://488813968564-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://910794617857-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://095443892674-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://971827219398-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://850545244799-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://188456843035-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://766605481435-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://069449467202-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://897190767337-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://986030536581-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://437157446156-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://223966765368-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://322071124840-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://684309922229-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://995432375672-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://795289247687-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://670902801454-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://781259528057-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://072730508698-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?888024502627&amp;url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?670585283466&amp;url=https://naver670585283466-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?526386164076&amp;url=https://naver526386164076-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?526799557615&amp;url=https://naver526799557615-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?244591243972&amp;url=https://naver244591243972-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?598906658337&amp;url=https://naver598906658337-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?293054688047&amp;url=https://naver293054688047-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?162559718609&amp;url=https://naver162559718609-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?274107837232&amp;url=https://naver274107837232-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?691505322577&amp;url=https://naver691505322577-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?558419346857&amp;url=https://naver558419346857-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?640364633794&amp;url=https://naver640364633794-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?327584340281&amp;url=https://naver327584340281-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-126801565591.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-954333866515.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-049068280861.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-027587773216.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-503254759765.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-584670772520.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-208620280505.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-081967526983.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-060313443305.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-433494093299.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-952650956098.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-333773317756.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-166585580745.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-841440384662.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-093769386944.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-593678253308.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-436993102479-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-418002562829-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-744084837527-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/9120375846" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/1069235784">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="Dynamic Weather Systems in Mobile Games: Balancing Realism and Performance" title="Dynamic Weather Systems in Mobile Games: Balancing Realism and Performance" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-1069235784.mit-edu.top/post/1069235784/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/1069235784">Dynamic Weather Systems in Mobile Games: Balancing Realism and Performance</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Esports has risen as a global phenomenon, transforming skilled gamers into celebrated athletes. They compete in electrifying tournaments watched by millions, showcasing their talents, earning recognition, fame, and substantial prize pools that rival those of traditional sports. The professionalization of esports has also led to the development of coaching, training facilities, and esports academies, paving the way for a new generation of esports professionals and cementing gaming as a legitimate career path.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/1069235784" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Dynamic Weather Systems in Mobile Games: Balancing Realism and Performance" title="Dynamic Weather Systems in Mobile Games: Balancing Realism and Performance" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Jacqueline Foster</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/6109753284">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" alt="Towards Universal Accessibility: Designing Mobile Games for Players with Cognitive Disabilities" title="Towards Universal Accessibility: Designing Mobile Games for Players with Cognitive Disabilities" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-6109753284.mit-edu.top/post/6109753284/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/6109753284">Towards Universal Accessibility: Designing Mobile Games for Players with Cognitive Disabilities</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research examines how mobile games facilitate the creation and exploration of digital identities through avatars and personalized in-game experiences. The study investigates the psychological and sociocultural effects of avatar customization, including how players express aspects of their personality, race, gender, and social identity in virtual environments. Drawing on theories of identity formation, social psychology, and media studies, the paper explores how mobile games can influence players' self-concept, self-esteem, and social interactions both within and outside of game worlds. The research also addresses the ethical implications of identity representation in games, particularly with regard to inclusivity and the reinforcement of social stereotypes.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/6109753284" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/3.jpg" alt="Towards Universal Accessibility: Designing Mobile Games for Players with Cognitive Disabilities" title="Towards Universal Accessibility: Designing Mobile Games for Players with Cognitive Disabilities" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Donald Green</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/1054928637">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" title="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-1054928637.mit-edu.top/post/1054928637/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/1054928637">The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">The gaming industry's commercial landscape is fiercely competitive, with companies employing diverse monetization strategies such as microtransactions, downloadable content (DLC), and subscription models to sustain and grow their player bases. Balancing player engagement with revenue generation is a delicate dance that requires thoughtful design and consideration of player feedback.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-477932994229.mit-edu.top/post/1054928637" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" title="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Brandon Barnes</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda