It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective #899860524193 (2025-02-05)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective #899860524193 (2025-02-05)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-05T06:42:43Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Daniel Hall" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective #899860524193 (2025-02-05)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Daniel Hall",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-05T06:42:43Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/899860524193"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "899860524193",
  52.            "abstract": "Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective #899860524193 (2025-02-05)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Daniel Hall",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-05T06:42:43Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective" title="Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Daniel Hall</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-05</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Daniel Hall for contributing the article "Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective" title="Designing Games for Accessibility: A Neurodiverse Perspective" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research investigates the role of social media integration in mobile games and its impact on player social connectivity, collaboration, and competition. The study explores how features such as social sharing, friend lists, in-game chats, and social media rewards enhance the social aspects of mobile gaming. By applying theories from social network analysis and media studies, the paper examines how these social elements influence player behavior and game dynamics, including social capital, identity construction, and community formation. The research also addresses potential risks, such as privacy concerns, cyberbullying, and the commercialization of social interactions, and suggests ways to balance social connectivity with player well-being.</p>
  100. <p>This study analyzes the psychological effects of competitive mechanics in mobile games, focusing on how competition influences player motivation, achievement, and social interaction. The research examines how competitive elements, such as leaderboards, tournaments, and player-vs-player (PvP) modes, drive player engagement and foster a sense of accomplishment. Drawing on motivation theory, social comparison theory, and achievement goal theory, the paper explores how different types of competition—intrinsic vs. extrinsic, cooperative vs. adversarial—affect player behavior and satisfaction. The study also investigates the potential negative effects of competitive play, such as stress, frustration, and toxic behavior, offering recommendations for designing healthy, fair, and inclusive competitive environments in mobile games.</p>
  101. <p>The future of gaming is a tapestry woven with technological innovations, creative visions, and player-driven evolution. Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), cloud gaming, and blockchain technology promise to revolutionize how we play, experience, and interact with games, ushering in an era of unprecedented possibilities and immersive experiences.</p>
  102. <p>This research critically analyzes the representation of diverse cultures, identities, and experiences in mobile games. It explores how game developers approach diversity and inclusion, from character design to narrative themes. The study discusses the challenges of creating culturally sensitive content while ensuring broad market appeal and the potential social impact of inclusive mobile game design.</p>
  103. <p>The debate surrounding the potential impact of violent video games on behavior continues to spark discussions and research within the gaming community and beyond. While some studies suggest a correlation between exposure to violent content and aggressive tendencies, the nuanced relationship between media consumption, psychological factors, and real-world behavior remains a topic of ongoing study and debate.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://954241374909-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://916132728683-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://788436032457-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://594095986599-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://871630008852-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://555891550060-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://568118106370-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://381276422002-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://157264210131-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://942689617744-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://387588704520-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://941964159327-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://389153682341-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://211674669855-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://371213041056-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://325659771948-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://305290728859-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://163369901467-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://345539370809-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://982777693020-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?010166901455&amp;url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?482473461648&amp;url=https://naver482473461648-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?418810812838&amp;url=https://naver418810812838-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?538673112469&amp;url=https://naver538673112469-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?716970821603&amp;url=https://naver716970821603-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?685879732509&amp;url=https://naver685879732509-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?911168149737&amp;url=https://naver911168149737-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?720980349837&amp;url=https://naver720980349837-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?700961953179&amp;url=https://naver700961953179-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?084057839838&amp;url=https://naver084057839838-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?963956627724&amp;url=https://naver963956627724-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?829147145550&amp;url=https://naver829147145550-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?334327114409&amp;url=https://naver334327114409-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-172955348362.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-077533666008.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-810261288474.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-908835133896.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-153864746772.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-891748149023.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-636926641028.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-403070360534.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-358251624217.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-981184934242.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-288332767693.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-855387085293.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-787201439363.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-549319695234.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-942461830550.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-704740005037.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-906530024371-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-564510691065-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-166660360024-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8754301926" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/2451390678">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="The Role of Secure Authentication Protocols in Mobile Game Ecosystems" title="The Role of Secure Authentication Protocols in Mobile Game Ecosystems" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-2451390678.mit-edu.top/post/2451390678/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/2451390678">The Role of Secure Authentication Protocols in Mobile Game Ecosystems</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">The immersive world of gaming beckons players into a realm where fantasy meets reality, where pixels dance to the tune of imagination, and where challenges ignite the spirit of competition. From the sprawling landscapes of open-world adventures to the intricate mazes of puzzle games, every corner of this digital universe invites exploration and discovery. It's a place where players not only seek entertainment but also find solace, inspiration, and a sense of accomplishment as they navigate virtual realms filled with wonder and excitement.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/2451390678" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/8.jpg" alt="The Role of Secure Authentication Protocols in Mobile Game Ecosystems" title="The Role of Secure Authentication Protocols in Mobile Game Ecosystems" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Thomas Clark</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8697214530">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/4.jpg" alt="Generative AI for Dynamic Level Design in Open-Ended Puzzle Games" title="Generative AI for Dynamic Level Design in Open-Ended Puzzle Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-8697214530.mit-edu.top/post/8697214530/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8697214530">Generative AI for Dynamic Level Design in Open-Ended Puzzle Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Indie game developers play a vital role in shaping the diverse landscape of gaming, bringing fresh perspectives, innovative gameplay mechanics, and compelling narratives to the forefront. Their creative freedom and entrepreneurial spirit fuel a culture of experimentation and discovery, driving the industry forward with bold ideas and unique gaming experiences that captivate players' imaginations.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/8697214530" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Generative AI for Dynamic Level Design in Open-Ended Puzzle Games" title="Generative AI for Dynamic Level Design in Open-Ended Puzzle Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Larry Sanders</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/9583217604">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/20.jpg" alt="Understanding Toxicity in Online Mobile Games: A Mixed-Methods Analysis" title="Understanding Toxicity in Online Mobile Games: A Mixed-Methods Analysis" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-9583217604.mit-edu.top/post/9583217604/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/9583217604">Understanding Toxicity in Online Mobile Games: A Mixed-Methods Analysis</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Gaming events and conventions serve as epicenters of excitement and celebration, where developers unveil new titles, showcase cutting-edge technology, host competitive tournaments, and connect with fans face-to-face. Events like E3, Gamescom, and PAX are not just gatherings but cultural phenomena that unite gaming enthusiasts in shared anticipation, excitement, and camaraderie.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-493114587484.mit-edu.top/post/9583217604" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="Understanding Toxicity in Online Mobile Games: A Mixed-Methods Analysis" title="Understanding Toxicity in Online Mobile Games: A Mixed-Methods Analysis" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Shirley Ramirez</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda