It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies #583432956313 (2025-02-05)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.gifthub.news/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies #583432956313 (2025-02-05)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="gifthub.news" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/17.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-05T11:43:40Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Mark Wright" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="gifthub.news" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies #583432956313 (2025-02-05)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Mark Wright",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "gifthub.news"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-05T11:43:40Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/17.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/583432956313"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "583432956313",
  52.            "abstract": "Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies #583432956313 (2025-02-05)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Mark Wright",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-05T11:43:40Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">gifthub.news</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies" title="Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Mark Wright</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-05</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Mark Wright for contributing the article "Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies" title="Decentralized Finance Models in Blockchain-Based Game Economies" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>A Comparative Analysis This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of various monetization models in mobile gaming, including in-app purchases, advertisements, and subscription services. It compares the effectiveness and ethical considerations of each model, offering recommendations for developers and policymakers.</p>
  100. <p>This paper explores the potential role of mobile games in the development of digital twin technologies—virtual replicas of real-world entities and environments—focusing on how gaming engines and simulation platforms can contribute to the creation of accurate, real-time digital representations. The study examines the technological infrastructure required for mobile games to act as tools for digital twin creation, as well as the ethical considerations involved in representing real-world data and experiences in virtual spaces. The paper discusses the convergence of mobile gaming, AI, and the Internet of Things (IoT), proposing new avenues for innovation in both gaming and digital twin industries.</p>
  101. <p>This paper investigates the use of mobile games and gamification techniques in areas beyond entertainment, such as education, healthcare, and corporate training. It examines how game mechanics are applied to encourage desired behaviors, improve productivity, and enhance learning outcomes. The study also analyzes the effectiveness and challenges of gamification strategies, highlighting case studies from various industries.</p>
  102. <p>This paper provides a comparative analysis of the various monetization strategies employed in mobile games, focusing on in-app purchases (IAP) and advertising revenue models. The research investigates the economic impact of these models on both developers and players, examining their effectiveness in generating sustainable revenue while maintaining player satisfaction. Drawing on marketing theory, behavioral economics, and user experience research, the study evaluates the trade-offs between IAPs, ad placements, and player retention. The paper also explores the ethical concerns surrounding monetization practices, particularly regarding player exploitation, pay-to-win mechanics, and the impact on children and vulnerable audiences.</p>
  103. <p>This paper explores the convergence of mobile gaming and artificial intelligence (AI), focusing on how AI-driven algorithms are transforming game design, player behavior analysis, and user experience personalization. It discusses the theoretical underpinnings of AI in interactive entertainment and provides an extensive review of the various AI techniques employed in mobile games, such as procedural generation, behavior prediction, and adaptive difficulty adjustment. The research further examines the ethical considerations and challenges of implementing AI technologies within a consumer-facing entertainment context, proposing frameworks for responsible AI design in games.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://896251141446-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://117079192040-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://277527616231-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://446690301009-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://928233350002-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://773497632301-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://331532435258-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://693694971321-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://084215358502-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://856381141410-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://907039138660-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://106057232870-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://085136236940-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://953820940556-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://370567676180-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://713417403896-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://881946574631-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://498017188539-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://370759448533-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://291764804605-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?324177105181&amp;url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?125989309475&amp;url=https://naver125989309475-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?955326959376&amp;url=https://naver955326959376-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?187706818406&amp;url=https://naver187706818406-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?446384970402&amp;url=https://naver446384970402-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?107045764534&amp;url=https://naver107045764534-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?126967511249&amp;url=https://naver126967511249-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?647798908712&amp;url=https://naver647798908712-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?288731244841&amp;url=https://naver288731244841-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?502727691460&amp;url=https://naver502727691460-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?250032260134&amp;url=https://naver250032260134-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?369743803076&amp;url=https://naver369743803076-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?845982908011&amp;url=https://naver845982908011-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-237351787752.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-033340025524.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-815626850595.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-774549743088.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-181743125798.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-373433000464.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-339748557632.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-055524362705.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-016052596560.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-326190395947.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-374545146851.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-001758790419.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-458943781235.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-750336546712.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-592533588482.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-750884450593.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-158729079232-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-581439605793-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-248298603486-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/4286517903" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/2981435076">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" title="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-2981435076.gifthub.news/post/2981435076/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/2981435076">The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study examines the ethical implications of data collection practices in mobile games, focusing on how player data is used to personalize experiences, target advertisements, and influence in-game purchases. The research investigates the risks associated with data privacy violations, surveillance, and the exploitation of vulnerable players, particularly minors and those with addictive tendencies. By drawing on ethical frameworks from information technology ethics, the paper discusses the ethical responsibilities of game developers in balancing data-driven business models with player privacy. It also proposes guidelines for designing mobile games that prioritize user consent, transparency, and data protection.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/2981435076" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" title="The Application of Swarm Intelligence in Large-Scale Strategy Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Carol Campbell</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/5830617294">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="Player-Centric Game Balancing Through Reinforcement Learning and Multi-Agent Systems" title="Player-Centric Game Balancing Through Reinforcement Learning and Multi-Agent Systems" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-5830617294.gifthub.news/post/5830617294/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/5830617294">Player-Centric Game Balancing Through Reinforcement Learning and Multi-Agent Systems</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study investigates the privacy and data security issues associated with mobile gaming, focusing on data collection practices, user consent, and potential vulnerabilities. It proposes strategies for enhancing data protection and ensuring user privacy.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/5830617294" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="Player-Centric Game Balancing Through Reinforcement Learning and Multi-Agent Systems" title="Player-Centric Game Balancing Through Reinforcement Learning and Multi-Agent Systems" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Angela Cooper</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/9638705412">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/11.jpg" alt="Behavioral Pricing Strategies in Freemium Mobile Games" title="Behavioral Pricing Strategies in Freemium Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-9638705412.gifthub.news/post/9638705412/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-05</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/9638705412">Behavioral Pricing Strategies in Freemium Mobile Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research examines the role of mobile game developers in promoting social responsibility through ethical practices and inclusivity in game design. The study explores how developers can address social issues such as diversity, representation, and accessibility within mobile games, ensuring that games are accessible to players of all backgrounds, abilities, and identities. Drawing on ethics, cultural studies, and inclusive design principles, the paper evaluates the impact of inclusive game design on player experiences, with particular focus on gender, race, and disability representation. The research also investigates the role of mobile games in fostering positive social change, offering recommendations for developers to create more socially responsible and inclusive gaming experiences.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-621738590741.gifthub.news/post/9638705412" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Behavioral Pricing Strategies in Freemium Mobile Games" title="Behavioral Pricing Strategies in Freemium Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Jacqueline Foster</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-05 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda