It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages #210526308175 (2025-02-09)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages #210526308175 (2025-02-09)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-08T21:40:39Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Jonathan Torres" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages #210526308175 (2025-02-09)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Jonathan Torres",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-08T21:40:39Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/210526308175"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "210526308175",
  52.            "abstract": "The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages #210526308175 (2025-02-09)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Jonathan Torres",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-08T21:40:39Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages" title="The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Jonathan Torres</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-09</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Jonathan Torres for contributing the article "The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" alt="The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages" title="The Role of Mobile Games in Preserving Indigenous Languages" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>A Comparative Analysis This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of various monetization models in mobile gaming, including in-app purchases, advertisements, and subscription services. It compares the effectiveness and ethical considerations of each model, offering recommendations for developers and policymakers.</p>
  100. <p>This research explores how mobile games contribute to the development of digital literacy skills among young players. It looks at how games can teach skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and technology literacy, and how these skills transfer to real-world applications. The study also considers the potential risks associated with mobile gaming, including exposure to online predators and the spread of misinformation, and suggests strategies for promoting safe and effective gaming.</p>
  101. <p>This paper explores the use of mobile games as educational tools, assessing their effectiveness in teaching various subjects and skills. It discusses the advantages and limitations of game-based learning in mobile contexts.</p>
  102. <p>This study explores the social and economic implications of microtransactions in mobile gaming, focusing on player behavior, spending patterns, and the potential for addiction. It also investigates the broader effects on the gaming industry, such as the shift in business models, the emergence of virtual economies, and the ethical concerns surrounding "pay-to-win" mechanics. The research offers policy recommendations to address these issues in a balanced manner.</p>
  103. <p>This paper explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms in predicting player behavior and personalizing mobile game experiences. The research investigates how AI techniques such as collaborative filtering, reinforcement learning, and predictive analytics can be used to adapt game difficulty, narrative progression, and in-game rewards based on individual player preferences and past behavior. By drawing on concepts from behavioral science and AI, the study evaluates the effectiveness of AI-powered personalization in enhancing player engagement, retention, and monetization. The paper also considers the ethical challenges of AI-driven personalization, including the potential for manipulation and algorithmic bias.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://274294919842-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://960649089400-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://430276104533-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://925919206371-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://289230374302-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://913366768360-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://291928057070-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://007548839176-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://853780719802-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://707405416270-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://054072757025-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://106197368119-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://650288393791-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://976689290909-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://636547413441-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://370740847515-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://435535409054-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://795040287352-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://437288832386-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://936842322936-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?954790933752&amp;url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?536865458142&amp;url=https://naver536865458142-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?375568263732&amp;url=https://naver375568263732-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?725191354931&amp;url=https://naver725191354931-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?587391629186&amp;url=https://naver587391629186-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?012385667287&amp;url=https://naver012385667287-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?313816965604&amp;url=https://naver313816965604-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?877796397536&amp;url=https://naver877796397536-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?193821663044&amp;url=https://naver193821663044-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?631202680359&amp;url=https://naver631202680359-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?098751361654&amp;url=https://naver098751361654-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?820124698718&amp;url=https://naver820124698718-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?076012012897&amp;url=https://naver076012012897-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-034209681694.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-153934732444.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-646935739169.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-137396701094.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-578812287970.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-544460373003.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-674884341123.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-451149293649.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-777177445933.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-368580836950.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-870244212930.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-784278615464.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-548143131256.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-788971959476.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-347884338143.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-466691269067.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-262110844533-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-067871128897-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-923930756067-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/9281547360" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/2798145306">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/13.jpg" alt="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" title="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-2798145306.mit-edu.top/post/2798145306/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-09</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/2798145306">Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study investigates the environmental impact of mobile game development, focusing on energy consumption, resource usage, and sustainability practices within the mobile gaming industry. The research examines the ecological footprint of mobile games, including the energy demands of game servers, device usage, and the carbon footprint of game downloads and updates. Drawing on sustainability studies and environmental science, the paper evaluates the role of game developers in mitigating environmental harm through energy-efficient coding, sustainable development practices, and eco-friendly server infrastructure. The research also explores the potential for mobile games to raise environmental awareness among players and promote sustainable behaviors through in-game content and narratives.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/2798145306" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" title="Spatiotemporal Challenges in AR Game Design: A Computational Perspective" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Stephanie Rogers</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-09 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/7850923146">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" alt="Dynamic Texture Streaming in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" title="Dynamic Texture Streaming in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-7850923146.mit-edu.top/post/7850923146/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-09</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/7850923146">Dynamic Texture Streaming in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study analyzes the growth of mobile game streaming services and their impact on the mobile gaming market. It explores how cloud gaming platforms, such as Google Stadia and Microsoft’s Project xCloud, allow players to access high-quality games on low-powered devices. The paper evaluates the technical challenges of latency, bandwidth, and device compatibility, as well as the potential of mobile game streaming to democratize access to games globally.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/7850923146" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="Dynamic Texture Streaming in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" title="Dynamic Texture Streaming in Resource-Constrained Mobile Game Engines" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Laura Bell</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-09 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/4823519670">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" title="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-4823519670.mit-edu.top/post/4823519670/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-09</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/4823519670">The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper applies systems thinking to the design and analysis of mobile games, focusing on how game ecosystems evolve and function within the broader network of players, developers, and platforms. The study examines the interdependence of game mechanics, player interactions, and market dynamics in the creation of digital ecosystems within mobile games. By analyzing the emergent properties of these ecosystems, such as in-game economies, social hierarchies, and community-driven content, the paper highlights the role of mobile games in shaping complex digital networks. The research proposes a systems thinking framework for understanding the dynamics of mobile game design and its long-term effects on player behavior, game longevity, and developer innovation.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-652226666218.mit-edu.top/post/4823519670" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" title="The Impact of Color Psychology on Player Behavior in Hyper-Casual Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Anna Ross</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-09 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda