It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization #676342745664 (2025-02-03)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization #676342745664 (2025-02-03)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-03T03:04:10Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Maria Anderson" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization #676342745664 (2025-02-03)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Maria Anderson",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-03T03:04:10Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/676342745664"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "676342745664",
  52.            "abstract": "Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization #676342745664 (2025-02-03)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Maria Anderson",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-03T03:04:10Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization" title="Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Maria Anderson</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-03</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Maria Anderson for contributing the article "Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization" title="Mobile Games as Educational Platforms for Indigenous Language Revitalization" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research explores the role of mobile games in the development of social capital within online multiplayer communities. The study draws on social capital theory to examine how players form bonds, share resources, and collaborate within game environments. By analyzing network structures, social interactions, and community dynamics, the paper investigates how mobile games contribute to the creation of virtual social networks that extend beyond gameplay and influence offline relationships. The research also explores the role of mobile games in fostering a sense of belonging and collective identity, while addressing the potential for social exclusion, toxicity, and exploitation within game communities.</p>
  100. <p>This study investigates the use of gamification techniques in mobile learning applications, focusing on how game-like elements such as scoring, badges, and leaderboards influence user engagement and motivation. It assesses the effectiveness of gamification in enhancing learning outcomes, particularly in educational apps targeting children and young adults. The paper also addresses challenges in designing gamified systems that balance educational value with entertainment.</p>
  101. <p>This study explores the integration of augmented reality (AR) technologies in mobile games, examining how AR enhances user engagement and immersion. It discusses technical challenges, user acceptance, and the future potential of AR in mobile gaming.</p>
  102. <p>The storytelling in video games has matured into an art form, offering players complex narratives filled with rich characters, moral dilemmas, and emotionally resonant experiences that rival those found in literature and cinema. Players are no longer passive consumers but active participants in interactive narratives, shaping the outcome of stories through their choices and actions. This interactive storytelling blurs the line between player and protagonist, creating deeply personal and immersive narratives that leave a lasting impact.</p>
  103. <p>Game developers are the visionary architects behind the mesmerizing worlds and captivating narratives that define modern gaming experiences. Their tireless innovation and creativity have propelled the industry forward, delivering groundbreaking titles that blur the line between reality and fantasy, leaving players awestruck and eager for the next technological marvel.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://010452441450-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://277170646373-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://803681582628-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://873928956763-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://727465845113-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://372534312704-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://509186568205-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://890301738091-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://432603164183-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://839760249280-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://463263406677-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://093501894760-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://885813859285-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://526294093354-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://533010008689-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://965983545175-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://675910463865-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://875733730229-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://673191758259-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://296682160633-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?016039996316&amp;url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?481216236894&amp;url=https://naver481216236894-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?010074485189&amp;url=https://naver010074485189-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?089711460581&amp;url=https://naver089711460581-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?114794205313&amp;url=https://naver114794205313-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?751370388260&amp;url=https://naver751370388260-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?406455576955&amp;url=https://naver406455576955-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?376907283320&amp;url=https://naver376907283320-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?359285226861&amp;url=https://naver359285226861-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?319014551142&amp;url=https://naver319014551142-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?960202348267&amp;url=https://naver960202348267-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?889476617519&amp;url=https://naver889476617519-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?975180487407&amp;url=https://naver975180487407-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-741678356204.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-865617614133.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-171812696853.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-699319705377.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-048551878060.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-230915374216.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-187724438384.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-472379402493.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-921453161844.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-387226763900.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-840180583728.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-045229658480.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-057347432550.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-509872776298.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-164002007742.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-596741801799.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-967696503903-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-214098348923-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-103383280959-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9452108763" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9075814236">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="Enhancing Language Learning Outcomes Through Adaptive Game Mechanics" title="Enhancing Language Learning Outcomes Through Adaptive Game Mechanics" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-9075814236.mit-edu.top/post/9075814236/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9075814236">Enhancing Language Learning Outcomes Through Adaptive Game Mechanics</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">The allure of virtual worlds is undeniably powerful, drawing players into immersive realms where they can become anything from heroic warriors wielding enchanted swords to cunning strategists orchestrating grand schemes of conquest and diplomacy. These virtual realms are not just spaces for gaming but also avenues for self-expression and creativity, where players can customize their avatars, design unique outfits, and build virtual homes or kingdoms. The sense of agency and control over one's digital identity adds another layer of fascination to the gaming experience, blurring the boundaries between fantasy and reality.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/9075814236" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Enhancing Language Learning Outcomes Through Adaptive Game Mechanics" title="Enhancing Language Learning Outcomes Through Adaptive Game Mechanics" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Victoria Simmons</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/5764039821">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Economic Equilibria in Decentralized Player-Driven Marketplaces" title="Economic Equilibria in Decentralized Player-Driven Marketplaces" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-5764039821.mit-edu.top/post/5764039821/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/5764039821">Economic Equilibria in Decentralized Player-Driven Marketplaces</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">The intricate game mechanics of modern titles challenge players on multiple levels. From mastering complex skill trees and managing in-game economies to coordinating with teammates in high-stakes raids, players must think critically, adapt quickly, and collaborate effectively to achieve victory. These challenges not only test cognitive abilities but also foster valuable skills such as teamwork, problem-solving, and resilience, making gaming not just an entertaining pastime but also a platform for personal growth and development.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/5764039821" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="Economic Equilibria in Decentralized Player-Driven Marketplaces" title="Economic Equilibria in Decentralized Player-Driven Marketplaces" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Jacob Murphy</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/3568924710">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Blockchain-Based Fraud Prevention in Mobile Game Microtransactions" title="Blockchain-Based Fraud Prevention in Mobile Game Microtransactions" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-3568924710.mit-edu.top/post/3568924710/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/3568924710">Blockchain-Based Fraud Prevention in Mobile Game Microtransactions</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study explores the use of mobile games as tools for political activism and social movements, focusing on how game mechanics can raise awareness about social, environmental, and political issues. By analyzing games that tackle topics such as climate change, racial justice, and gender equality, the paper investigates how game designers incorporate messages of activism into gameplay, narrative structures, and player decisions. The research also examines the potential for mobile games to inspire real-world action, fostering solidarity and collective mobilization through interactive digital experiences. The study offers a critical evaluation of the ethical implications of gamifying serious social issues, particularly in relation to authenticity, message dilution, and exploitation.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-684315592096.mit-edu.top/post/3568924710" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Blockchain-Based Fraud Prevention in Mobile Game Microtransactions" title="Blockchain-Based Fraud Prevention in Mobile Game Microtransactions" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Patrick Russell</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda