It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games #448998847765 (2025-02-03)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games #448998847765 (2025-02-03)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-03T10:15:15Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Evelyn Griffin" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games #448998847765 (2025-02-03)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Evelyn Griffin",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-03T10:15:15Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/448998847765"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "448998847765",
  52.            "abstract": "The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games #448998847765 (2025-02-03)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Evelyn Griffin",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-03T10:15:15Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games" title="The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Evelyn Griffin</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-03</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Evelyn Griffin for contributing the article "The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games" title="The Role of Guild Systems in Promoting Social Bonds in Mobile Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>The fusion of gaming and storytelling has birthed narrative-driven masterpieces that transport players on epic journeys filled with rich characters, moral dilemmas, and immersive worlds. Role-playing games (RPGs), interactive dramas, and story-driven adventures weave intricate narratives that resonate with players on emotional, intellectual, and narrative levels, blurring the line between gaming and literature.</p>
  100. <p>Gaming has become a universal language, transcending geographical boundaries and language barriers. It allows players from all walks of life to connect, communicate, and collaborate through shared experiences, fostering friendships that span the globe. The rise of online multiplayer gaming has further strengthened these connections, enabling players to form communities, join guilds, and participate in global events, creating a sense of camaraderie and belonging in a digital world.</p>
  101. <p>This study applies neuromarketing techniques to analyze how mobile gaming companies assess and influence player preferences, focusing on cognitive and emotional responses to in-game stimuli. By using neuroimaging, eye-tracking, and biometric sensors, the research provides insights into how game mechanics such as reward systems, narrative engagement, and visual design elements affect players’ neurological responses. The paper explores the implications of these findings for mobile game developers, with a particular emphasis on optimizing player engagement, retention, and monetization strategies through the application of neuroscientific principles.</p>
  102. <p>This research critically analyzes the representation of diverse cultures, identities, and experiences in mobile games. It explores how game developers approach diversity and inclusion, from character design to narrative themes. The study discusses the challenges of creating culturally sensitive content while ensuring broad market appeal and the potential social impact of inclusive mobile game design.</p>
  103. <p>This research critically examines the ethical implications of data mining in mobile games, particularly concerning the collection and analysis of player data for monetization, personalization, and behavioral profiling. The paper evaluates how mobile game developers utilize big data, machine learning, and predictive analytics to gain insights into player behavior, highlighting the risks associated with data privacy, consent, and exploitation. Drawing on theories of privacy ethics and consumer protection, the study discusses potential regulatory frameworks and industry standards aimed at safeguarding user rights while maintaining the economic viability of mobile gaming businesses.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://316092037862-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://828963938390-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://829571003713-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://026703095892-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://296025107164-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://365646948629-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://929508837440-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://061877304878-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://572435437398-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://271025021119-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://940337195439-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://982721559651-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://264486370413-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://233776675947-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://103078295743-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://381322745113-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://780375185492-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://312886224466-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://641153531669-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://188727059348-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?970416170296&amp;url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?649715723506&amp;url=https://naver649715723506-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?212146933084&amp;url=https://naver212146933084-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?692721386267&amp;url=https://naver692721386267-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?830291812136&amp;url=https://naver830291812136-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?730138608881&amp;url=https://naver730138608881-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?010747531550&amp;url=https://naver010747531550-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?742955639642&amp;url=https://naver742955639642-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?503491593668&amp;url=https://naver503491593668-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?311477442648&amp;url=https://naver311477442648-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?201176427866&amp;url=https://naver201176427866-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?026393125373&amp;url=https://naver026393125373-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?027292112339&amp;url=https://naver027292112339-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-082769461190.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-413041353182.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-393527525701.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-658868919314.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-449758087440.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-103684849636.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-427469903989.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-788423533802.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-396250803659.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-540848817669.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-013404633369.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-359715660654.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-536202214655.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-019345380251.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-828893357988.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-209674176111.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-649775968757-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-083781501579-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-997608763741-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3594160278" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3612589470">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Dynamic Cyber Threat Detection in Competitive Mobile Game Networks" title="Dynamic Cyber Threat Detection in Competitive Mobile Game Networks" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-3612589470.mit-edu.top/post/3612589470/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3612589470">Dynamic Cyber Threat Detection in Competitive Mobile Game Networks</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Gaming culture has evolved into a vibrant and interconnected community where players from diverse backgrounds and cultures converge. They share strategies, forge lasting alliances, and engage in friendly competition, turning virtual friendships into real-world connections that span continents. This global network of gamers not only celebrates shared interests and passions but also fosters a sense of unity and belonging in a world that can often feel fragmented. From online forums and social media groups to live gaming events and conventions, the camaraderie and mutual respect among gamers continue to strengthen the bonds that unite this dynamic community.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3612589470" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Dynamic Cyber Threat Detection in Competitive Mobile Game Networks" title="Dynamic Cyber Threat Detection in Competitive Mobile Game Networks" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Michelle Turner</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3472895601">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Exploring Gendered Play Patterns in Competitive Mobile Games" title="Exploring Gendered Play Patterns in Competitive Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-3472895601.mit-edu.top/post/3472895601/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3472895601">Exploring Gendered Play Patterns in Competitive Mobile Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the cognitive benefits of mobile games, focusing on how different types of games can enhance players’ problem-solving abilities, decision-making skills, and critical thinking. The study draws on cognitive psychology, educational theory, and game-based learning research to examine how game mechanics, such as puzzles, strategy, and role-playing, promote higher-order thinking. The paper evaluates the potential for mobile games to be used as tools for educational development and cognitive training, particularly for children, students, and individuals with cognitive impairments. It also considers the limitations of mobile games in fostering cognitive development and the need for a balanced approach to game design.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3472895601" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Exploring Gendered Play Patterns in Competitive Mobile Games" title="Exploring Gendered Play Patterns in Competitive Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Angela Cooper</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3496571028">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" alt="Designing Accessible Games for Neurodiverse Learners" title="Designing Accessible Games for Neurodiverse Learners" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-3496571028.mit-edu.top/post/3496571028/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3496571028">Designing Accessible Games for Neurodiverse Learners</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Gaming's impact on education is profound, with gamified learning platforms revolutionizing how students engage with academic content. By incorporating game elements such as rewards, challenges, and progression systems into educational software, educators are able to make learning more interactive, enjoyable, and effective, catering to diverse learning styles and enhancing retention rates.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-790692490174.mit-edu.top/post/3496571028" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/15.jpg" alt="Designing Accessible Games for Neurodiverse Learners" title="Designing Accessible Games for Neurodiverse Learners" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Amanda Evans</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda