It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective #045687541345 (2025-02-08)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective #045687541345 (2025-02-08)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-07T19:41:08Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Scott Bennett" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective #045687541345 (2025-02-08)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-07T19:41:08Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/045687541345"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "045687541345",
  52.            "abstract": "Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective #045687541345 (2025-02-08)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-07T19:41:08Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/16.jpg" alt="Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective" title="Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Scott Bennett</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-08</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Scott Bennett for contributing the article "Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" alt="Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective" title="Immersive Narratives in Hybrid Realities: A Game Design Perspective" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Game developers are the architects of dreams, weaving intricate codes and visual marvels to craft worlds that inspire awe and ignite passion among players. Behind every pixel and line of code lies a creative vision, a dedication to excellence, and a commitment to delivering memorable experiences. The collaboration between artists, programmers, and storytellers gives rise to masterpieces that captivate the imagination and set new standards for innovation in the gaming industry.</p>
  100. <p>This study delves into the various strategies that mobile game developers use to maximize user retention, including personalized content, rewards systems, and social integration. It explores how data analytics are employed to track player behavior, predict churn, and optimize engagement strategies. The research also discusses the ethical concerns related to user tracking and retention tactics, proposing frameworks for responsible data use.</p>
  101. <p>This research critically analyzes the representation of diverse cultures, identities, and experiences in mobile games. It explores how game developers approach diversity and inclusion, from character design to narrative themes. The study discusses the challenges of creating culturally sensitive content while ensuring broad market appeal and the potential social impact of inclusive mobile game design.</p>
  102. <p>This paper investigates the role of social influence in mobile games, focusing on how social networks, peer pressure, and social comparison affect player behavior and in-game purchasing decisions. The study examines how features such as leaderboards, friend lists, and social sharing options influence players’ motivations to engage with the game and spend money on in-game items. Drawing on social psychology and behavioral economics, the research explores how players' decisions are shaped by their interactions with others in the game environment. The paper also discusses the ethical implications of using social influence to drive in-game purchases, particularly in relation to vulnerable players and addiction risk.</p>
  103. <p>Mobile gaming has democratized access to gaming experiences, empowering billions of smartphone users to dive into a vast array of games ranging from casual puzzles to graphically intensive adventures. The portability and convenience of mobile devices have transformed downtime into playtime, allowing gamers to indulge their passion anytime, anywhere, with a tap of their fingertips.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://026122638503-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://798623579491-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://967738940653-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://926887156028-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://375225321195-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://099155457135-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://851554481013-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://545765274180-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://736449035281-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://630831286753-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://370899872426-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://420049202385-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://404189427506-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://493636388393-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://313542193512-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://464215954327-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://956795037491-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://701162318839-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://325757543122-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://725474655761-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?902786718294&amp;url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?048360633171&amp;url=https://naver048360633171-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?636213403782&amp;url=https://naver636213403782-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?354183697424&amp;url=https://naver354183697424-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?587905079790&amp;url=https://naver587905079790-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?130419645064&amp;url=https://naver130419645064-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?423265624414&amp;url=https://naver423265624414-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?921991905056&amp;url=https://naver921991905056-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?021537979206&amp;url=https://naver021537979206-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?868200602802&amp;url=https://naver868200602802-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?093608301464&amp;url=https://naver093608301464-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?152082769580&amp;url=https://naver152082769580-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?540830030401&amp;url=https://naver540830030401-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-331477983191.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-467326380464.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-578618741988.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-787006243085.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-623760127989.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-863952820530.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-165563036402.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-425223109405.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-788732858405.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-808459791214.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-624675143926.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-212052633588.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-458689042509.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-013316037242.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-506855700569.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-573723735077.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-680405666351-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-822988836219-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-582190868909-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/8027456193" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/4176253980">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" alt="The Impact of In-Game Social Networks on Player Retention" title="The Impact of In-Game Social Networks on Player Retention" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-4176253980.mit-edu.top/post/4176253980/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-08</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/4176253980">The Impact of In-Game Social Networks on Player Retention</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study explores the social and economic implications of microtransactions in mobile gaming, focusing on player behavior, spending patterns, and the potential for addiction. It also investigates the broader effects on the gaming industry, such as the shift in business models, the emergence of virtual economies, and the ethical concerns surrounding "pay-to-win" mechanics. The research offers policy recommendations to address these issues in a balanced manner.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/4176253980" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/16.jpg" alt="The Impact of In-Game Social Networks on Player Retention" title="The Impact of In-Game Social Networks on Player Retention" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Edward Roberts</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-08 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/6417385209">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Exploring Neuroevolution Techniques for Autonomous Agent Development in Games" title="Exploring Neuroevolution Techniques for Autonomous Agent Development in Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-6417385209.mit-edu.top/post/6417385209/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-08</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/6417385209">Exploring Neuroevolution Techniques for Autonomous Agent Development in Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Gaming culture has evolved into a vibrant and interconnected community where players from diverse backgrounds and cultures converge. They share strategies, forge lasting alliances, and engage in friendly competition, turning virtual friendships into real-world connections that span continents. This global network of gamers not only celebrates shared interests and passions but also fosters a sense of unity and belonging in a world that can often feel fragmented. From online forums and social media groups to live gaming events and conventions, the camaraderie and mutual respect among gamers continue to strengthen the bonds that unite this dynamic community.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/6417385209" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/12.jpg" alt="Exploring Neuroevolution Techniques for Autonomous Agent Development in Games" title="Exploring Neuroevolution Techniques for Autonomous Agent Development in Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Shirley Ramirez</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-08 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/6207315849">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/15.jpg" alt="Hybrid Reinforcement Learning Models for Adaptive NPC Behavior in Mobile Games" title="Hybrid Reinforcement Learning Models for Adaptive NPC Behavior in Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-6207315849.mit-edu.top/post/6207315849/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-08</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/6207315849">Hybrid Reinforcement Learning Models for Adaptive NPC Behavior in Mobile Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms in predicting player behavior and personalizing mobile game experiences. The research investigates how AI techniques such as collaborative filtering, reinforcement learning, and predictive analytics can be used to adapt game difficulty, narrative progression, and in-game rewards based on individual player preferences and past behavior. By drawing on concepts from behavioral science and AI, the study evaluates the effectiveness of AI-powered personalization in enhancing player engagement, retention, and monetization. The paper also considers the ethical challenges of AI-driven personalization, including the potential for manipulation and algorithmic bias.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-8027456193.mit-edu.top/post/6207315849" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/11.jpg" alt="Hybrid Reinforcement Learning Models for Adaptive NPC Behavior in Mobile Games" title="Hybrid Reinforcement Learning Models for Adaptive NPC Behavior in Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>John Smith</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-08 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda