It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis #863234284771 (2025-02-07)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis #863234284771 (2025-02-07)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-06T16:44:25Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Joseph Lee" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis #863234284771 (2025-02-07)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Joseph Lee",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-06T16:44:25Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/863234284771"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "863234284771",
  52.            "abstract": "The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis #863234284771 (2025-02-07)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Joseph Lee",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-06T16:44:25Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/17.jpg" alt="The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis" title="The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Joseph Lee</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-07</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Joseph Lee for contributing the article "The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis" title="The Relationship Between In-Game Challenges and Player Motivation: A Quantitative Analysis" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research explores the role of big data and analytics in shaping mobile game development, particularly in optimizing player experience, game mechanics, and monetization strategies. The study examines how game developers collect and analyze data from players, including gameplay behavior, in-app purchases, and social interactions, to make data-driven decisions that improve game design and player engagement. Drawing on data science and game analytics, the paper investigates the ethical considerations of data collection, privacy issues, and the use of player data in decision-making. The research also discusses the potential risks of over-reliance on data-driven design, such as homogenization of game experiences and neglect of creative innovation.</p>
  100. <p>Nostalgia permeates gaming culture, evoking fond memories of classic titles that shaped childhoods and ignited lifelong passions for gaming. The resurgence of remastered versions, reboots, and sequels to beloved franchises taps into this nostalgia, offering players a chance to relive cherished moments while introducing new generations to timeless gaming classics.</p>
  101. <p>Gaming culture has transcended borders and languages, emerging as a vibrant global community that unites people from all walks of life under the banner of shared enthusiasm for interactive digital experiences. From casual gamers to hardcore enthusiasts, gaming has become a universal language, fostering connections, friendships, and even rivalries that span continents and time zones.</p>
  102. <p>This research examines how mobile gaming facilitates social interactions among players, focusing on community building, communication patterns, and the formation of virtual identities. It also considers the implications of mobile gaming on social behavior and relationships.</p>
  103. <p>This paper investigates how different motivational theories, such as self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), are applied to mobile health games that aim to promote positive behavioral changes in health-related practices. The study compares various mobile health games and their design elements, including rewards, goal-setting, and social support mechanisms, to evaluate how these elements align with motivational frameworks and influence long-term health behavior change. The paper provides recommendations for designers on how to integrate motivational theory into mobile health games to maximize user engagement, retention, and sustained behavioral modification.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://379684500331-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://709364456947-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://164100838706-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://257280460407-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://942546352772-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://866637352081-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://038188873128-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://864132418181-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://817116320138-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://025448234648-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://890608889691-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://323347140695-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://518983762732-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://520590623067-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://772841392181-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://468631894954-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://016322090375-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://404723860633-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://823319721453-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://662790241723-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?000073465897&amp;url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?769805171451&amp;url=https://naver769805171451-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?576748059166&amp;url=https://naver576748059166-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?403992779650&amp;url=https://naver403992779650-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?178323481155&amp;url=https://naver178323481155-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?961877518818&amp;url=https://naver961877518818-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?185051178901&amp;url=https://naver185051178901-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?250365952049&amp;url=https://naver250365952049-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?891783591007&amp;url=https://naver891783591007-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?114004220266&amp;url=https://naver114004220266-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?852066946115&amp;url=https://naver852066946115-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?464675396797&amp;url=https://naver464675396797-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?210246922128&amp;url=https://naver210246922128-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-822434981449.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-988667489413.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-106329101445.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-844099997754.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-592544955587.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-497642237736.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-635311761025.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-511079729583.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-716580153784.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-961073635732.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-614673955604.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-619998484682.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-055529891258.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-553113575475.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-213782087540.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-529655410821.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-278825347626-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-924679632697-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-149121259131-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/0825136947" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/9048561723">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="User-Centered Design in Mobile Games: Balancing Fun and Accessibility" title="User-Centered Design in Mobile Games: Balancing Fun and Accessibility" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-9048561723.mit-edu.top/post/9048561723/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/9048561723">User-Centered Design in Mobile Games: Balancing Fun and Accessibility</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study investigates how mobile games can encourage physical activity among players, focusing on games that incorporate movement and exercise. It evaluates the effectiveness of these games in promoting health and fitness. </p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/9048561723" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/17.jpg" alt="User-Centered Design in Mobile Games: Balancing Fun and Accessibility" title="User-Centered Design in Mobile Games: Balancing Fun and Accessibility" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Shirley Ramirez</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/4198035762">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/17.jpg" alt="Monetization and Ethics: How Microtransactions Shape Mobile Gaming Behavior" title="Monetization and Ethics: How Microtransactions Shape Mobile Gaming Behavior" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-4198035762.mit-edu.top/post/4198035762/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/4198035762">Monetization and Ethics: How Microtransactions Shape Mobile Gaming Behavior</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study examines how mobile games can contribute to the development of smart cities, focusing on the integration of gaming technologies with urban planning, sustainability initiatives, and civic engagement efforts. The paper investigates the potential of mobile games to facilitate smart city initiatives, such as crowd-sourced data collection, environmental monitoring, and social participation. By exploring the intersection of gaming, urban studies, and IoT, the research discusses how mobile games can play a role in addressing contemporary challenges in urban sustainability, mobility, and governance.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/4198035762" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/1.jpg" alt="Monetization and Ethics: How Microtransactions Shape Mobile Gaming Behavior" title="Monetization and Ethics: How Microtransactions Shape Mobile Gaming Behavior" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Peter Butler</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/9106342785">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="Game Economies on the Blockchain: Balancing Ownership and Market Dynamics" title="Game Economies on the Blockchain: Balancing Ownership and Market Dynamics" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-9106342785.mit-edu.top/post/9106342785/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/9106342785">Game Economies on the Blockchain: Balancing Ownership and Market Dynamics</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper applies semiotic analysis to the narratives and interactive elements within mobile games, focusing on how mobile games act as cultural artifacts that reflect and shape societal values, ideologies, and cultural norms. The study investigates how game developers use signs, symbols, and codes within mobile games to communicate meaning to players and how players interpret these signs in diverse cultural contexts. By analyzing various mobile games across genres, the paper explores the role of games in reinforcing or challenging cultural representations, identity politics, and the formation of global gaming cultures. The research offers a critique of the ways in which mobile games participate in the construction of collective cultural memory.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-812700631543.mit-edu.top/post/9106342785" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="Game Economies on the Blockchain: Balancing Ownership and Market Dynamics" title="Game Economies on the Blockchain: Balancing Ownership and Market Dynamics" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Kevin Stewart</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda