It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development #189582301112 (2025-02-07)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development #189582301112 (2025-02-07)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-07T08:07:05Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Ryan Morgan" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development #189582301112 (2025-02-07)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Ryan Morgan",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-07T08:07:05Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/189582301112"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "189582301112",
  52.            "abstract": "Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development #189582301112 (2025-02-07)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Ryan Morgan",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-07T08:07:05Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" title="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Ryan Morgan</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-07</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Ryan Morgan for contributing the article "Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" alt="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" title="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study delves into the various strategies that mobile game developers use to maximize user retention, including personalized content, rewards systems, and social integration. It explores how data analytics are employed to track player behavior, predict churn, and optimize engagement strategies. The research also discusses the ethical concerns related to user tracking and retention tactics, proposing frameworks for responsible data use.</p>
  100. <p>Gaming events and conventions serve as epicenters of excitement and celebration, where developers unveil new titles, showcase cutting-edge technology, host competitive tournaments, and connect with fans face-to-face. Events like E3, Gamescom, and PAX are not just gatherings but cultural phenomena that unite gaming enthusiasts in shared anticipation, excitement, and camaraderie.</p>
  101. <p>This paper analyzes the economic contributions of the mobile gaming industry to local economies, including job creation, revenue generation, and the development of related sectors such as tourism and retail. It provides case studies from various regions to illustrate these impacts.</p>
  102. <p>This research investigates the ethical, psychological, and economic impacts of virtual item purchases in free-to-play mobile games. The study explores how microtransactions and virtual goods, such as skins, power-ups, and loot boxes, influence player behavior, spending habits, and overall satisfaction. Drawing on consumer behavior theory, economic models, and psychological studies of behavior change, the paper examines the role of virtual goods in creating addictive spending patterns, particularly among vulnerable populations such as minors or players with compulsive tendencies. The research also discusses the ethical implications of monetizing gameplay through virtual goods and provides recommendations for developers to create fairer and more transparent in-game purchase systems.</p>
  103. <p>This research explores the integration of ethical decision-making frameworks into the design of mobile games, focusing on how developers can incorporate ethical principles into game mechanics and player interactions. The study examines the role of moral choices, consequences, and ethical dilemmas in games, analyzing how these elements influence player decision-making, empathy, and social responsibility. Drawing on ethical philosophy, game theory, and human-computer interaction, the paper investigates how ethical game design can foster awareness of societal issues, promote ethical behavior, and encourage critical thinking. The research also addresses the challenges of balancing ethical considerations with commercial success and player enjoyment.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://032212022941-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://986189960407-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://195534747969-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://261565764482-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://379310139783-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://167854881038-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://604052299121-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://144113529215-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://703807678173-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://302325449951-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://214146616007-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://774582812144-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://698684805229-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://981591368817-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://008223782651-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://031663652711-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://948830531363-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://732097100367-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://632913108991-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://044180454653-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?473500274465&amp;url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?786685780298&amp;url=https://naver786685780298-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?344719156507&amp;url=https://naver344719156507-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?524060549217&amp;url=https://naver524060549217-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?786716640022&amp;url=https://naver786716640022-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?037788440847&amp;url=https://naver037788440847-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?902823602283&amp;url=https://naver902823602283-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?848940253922&amp;url=https://naver848940253922-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?767851641834&amp;url=https://naver767851641834-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?294513807702&amp;url=https://naver294513807702-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?727120497182&amp;url=https://naver727120497182-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?247430969411&amp;url=https://naver247430969411-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?701472754566&amp;url=https://naver701472754566-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-606325650394.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-390231301559.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-834280941683.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-249278608631.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-872038911340.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-435603028945.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-816670867060.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-962096040610.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-913708399067.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-043750846156.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-751722813194.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-034930734110.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-194809585667.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-849269762165.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-239750760251.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-209875660586.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-563789302287-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-354380401498-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-954013660948-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/3591024687" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/9318507264">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" alt="The Use of Gamification to Promote Environmental Stewardship" title="The Use of Gamification to Promote Environmental Stewardship" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-9318507264.mit-edu.top/post/9318507264/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/9318507264">The Use of Gamification to Promote Environmental Stewardship</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study examines the ethical implications of loot boxes in mobile games, with a particular focus on their psychological impact and potential to foster gambling behavior. It provides a legal analysis of how various jurisdictions have approached the regulation of loot boxes and explores the implications of their inclusion in games targeted at minors. The paper discusses potential reforms and alternatives to loot boxes in the mobile gaming industry.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/9318507264" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="The Use of Gamification to Promote Environmental Stewardship" title="The Use of Gamification to Promote Environmental Stewardship" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Sharon Cox</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/8509736142">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" alt="Blockchain-Driven Game Asset Interoperability: A Framework for Multi-Game Economies" title="Blockchain-Driven Game Asset Interoperability: A Framework for Multi-Game Economies" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-8509736142.mit-edu.top/post/8509736142/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/8509736142">Blockchain-Driven Game Asset Interoperability: A Framework for Multi-Game Economies</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research evaluates the environmental sustainability of the mobile gaming industry, focusing on the environmental footprint of game development, distribution, and consumption. The study examines energy consumption patterns, electronic waste generation, and resource use across the mobile gaming lifecycle, offering a comprehensive assessment of the industry's impact on global sustainability. It also explores innovative approaches to mitigate these effects, such as green game design principles, eco-friendly server technologies, and sustainable mobile device manufacturing practices.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/8509736142" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Blockchain-Driven Game Asset Interoperability: A Framework for Multi-Game Economies" title="Blockchain-Driven Game Asset Interoperability: A Framework for Multi-Game Economies" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Larry Sanders</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/5907428163">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" alt="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" title="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-5907428163.mit-edu.top/post/5907428163/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-07</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/5907428163">Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Multiplayer platforms foster communities of gamers, forging friendships across continents and creating bonds that transcend virtual boundaries. Through cooperative missions, competitive matches, and shared adventures, players connect on a deeper level, building camaraderie and teamwork skills that extend beyond the digital realm. The social aspect of gaming not only enhances gameplay but also enriches lives, fostering friendships that endure and memories that last a lifetime.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-832434212428.mit-edu.top/post/5907428163" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" title="Designing Sustainable Games: Carbon-Neutral Approaches to Game Development" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>John Smith</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-07 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda