It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems #965421393379 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems #965421393379 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T13:54:46Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Scott Bennett" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems #965421393379 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T13:54:46Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/965421393379"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "965421393379",
  52.            "abstract": "Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems #965421393379 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Scott Bennett",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T13:54:46Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems" title="Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Scott Bennett</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Scott Bennett for contributing the article "Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems" title="Tokenomics and Player Incentivization in Blockchain-Based Gaming Ecosystems" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This research investigates how machine learning (ML) algorithms are used in mobile games to predict player behavior and improve game design. The study examines how game developers utilize data from players’ actions, preferences, and progress to create more personalized and engaging experiences. Drawing on predictive analytics and reinforcement learning, the paper explores how AI can optimize game content, such as dynamically adjusting difficulty levels, rewards, and narratives based on player interactions. The research also evaluates the ethical considerations surrounding data collection, privacy concerns, and algorithmic fairness in the context of player behavior prediction, offering recommendations for responsible use of AI in mobile games.</p>
  100. <p>This study examines how mobile games can contribute to the development of smart cities, focusing on the integration of gaming technologies with urban planning, sustainability initiatives, and civic engagement efforts. The paper investigates the potential of mobile games to facilitate smart city initiatives, such as crowd-sourced data collection, environmental monitoring, and social participation. By exploring the intersection of gaming, urban studies, and IoT, the research discusses how mobile games can play a role in addressing contemporary challenges in urban sustainability, mobility, and governance.</p>
  101. <p>This study examines the psychological effects of mobile game addiction, including its impact on mental health, social relationships, and academic performance. It also explores societal perceptions of gaming addiction and discusses potential interventions and preventive measures.</p>
  102. <p>This study applies social psychology theories to understand how group identity and collective behavior are formed and manifested within multiplayer mobile games. The research investigates the ways in which players form alliances, establish group norms, and engage in cooperative or competitive behaviors. By analyzing case studies of popular multiplayer mobile games, the paper explores the role of ingroups and outgroups, social influence, and group polarization within game environments. It also examines the psychological effects of online social interaction in gaming communities, discussing how mobile games foster both prosocial behavior and toxic interactions within groups.</p>
  103. <p>Nostalgia permeates gaming culture, evoking fond memories of classic titles that shaped childhoods and ignited lifelong passions for gaming. The resurgence of remastered versions, reboots, and sequels to beloved franchises taps into this nostalgia, offering players a chance to relive cherished moments while introducing new generations to timeless gaming classics.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://990938299640-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://213585455199-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://939269358441-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://370235267615-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://260780783600-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://645490528651-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://278940576655-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://623094059608-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://661426654558-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://506261734134-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://539500366519-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://184530490027-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://201614078028-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://065617625089-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://029131951013-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://520323239801-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://564172085008-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://193305658691-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://924905162579-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://888488208638-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?294064167658&amp;url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?174332310169&amp;url=https://naver174332310169-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?999853772289&amp;url=https://naver999853772289-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?795450278601&amp;url=https://naver795450278601-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?833959958834&amp;url=https://naver833959958834-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?212530400946&amp;url=https://naver212530400946-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?073834927323&amp;url=https://naver073834927323-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?218102523786&amp;url=https://naver218102523786-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?727811428702&amp;url=https://naver727811428702-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?105937269170&amp;url=https://naver105937269170-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?322600383065&amp;url=https://naver322600383065-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?207187398992&amp;url=https://naver207187398992-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?728635668938&amp;url=https://naver728635668938-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-077373894612.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-442241413386.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-853757654392.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-782243488612.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-863192887163.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-828368547761.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-010972159579.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-757574867793.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-548324435523.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-849796662429.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-805584949772.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-226779163042.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-709051942500.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-094071393971.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-888192373379.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-473633733230.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-469766945865-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-002430378641-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-025349386362-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/4235108697" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/7649820315">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="Leveraging Biofeedback for Personalized Game Design" title="Leveraging Biofeedback for Personalized Game Design" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-7649820315.mit-edu.top/post/7649820315/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/7649820315">Leveraging Biofeedback for Personalized Game Design</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This paper explores the use of mobile games as educational tools, assessing their effectiveness in teaching various subjects and skills. It discusses the advantages and limitations of game-based learning in mobile contexts.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/7649820315" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/7.jpg" alt="Leveraging Biofeedback for Personalized Game Design" title="Leveraging Biofeedback for Personalized Game Design" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Paul Young</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/7325984016">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Behavioral Correlates of Risk-Taking in Mobile Gambling Games" title="Behavioral Correlates of Risk-Taking in Mobile Gambling Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-7325984016.mit-edu.top/post/7325984016/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/7325984016">Behavioral Correlates of Risk-Taking in Mobile Gambling Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Indie game developers play a vital role in shaping the diverse landscape of gaming, bringing fresh perspectives, innovative gameplay mechanics, and compelling narratives to the forefront. Their creative freedom and entrepreneurial spirit fuel a culture of experimentation and discovery, driving the industry forward with bold ideas and unique gaming experiences that captivate players' imaginations.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/7325984016" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Behavioral Correlates of Risk-Taking in Mobile Gambling Games" title="Behavioral Correlates of Risk-Taking in Mobile Gambling Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Emma Price</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/0742683519">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Latent Factor Analysis of Player Decision-Making in Mobile Puzzle Games" title="Latent Factor Analysis of Player Decision-Making in Mobile Puzzle Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-0742683519.mit-edu.top/post/0742683519/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/0742683519">Latent Factor Analysis of Player Decision-Making in Mobile Puzzle Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study explores how mobile games can be designed to enhance memory retention and recall, investigating the cognitive mechanisms involved in how players remember game events, strategies, and narratives. Drawing on cognitive psychology, the research examines the role of repetition, reinforcement, and narrative structures in improving memory retention. The paper also explores the impact of mobile gaming on the formation of episodic and procedural memory, with particular focus on the implications of gaming for educational settings, rehabilitation programs, and cognitive therapy. It proposes a framework for designing mobile games that optimize memory functions while considering individual differences in memory processing.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-889962211462.mit-edu.top/post/0742683519" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="Latent Factor Analysis of Player Decision-Making in Mobile Puzzle Games" title="Latent Factor Analysis of Player Decision-Making in Mobile Puzzle Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Barbara Garcia</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda