It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms #361966489609 (2025-02-03)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.gifthub.news/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms #361966489609 (2025-02-03)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="gifthub.news" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/14.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-02T18:55:48Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Evelyn Griffin" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="gifthub.news" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms #361966489609 (2025-02-03)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Evelyn Griffin",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "gifthub.news"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-02T18:55:48Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/14.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/361966489609"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "361966489609",
  52.            "abstract": "Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms #361966489609 (2025-02-03)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Evelyn Griffin",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-02T18:55:48Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">gifthub.news</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/10.jpg" alt="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" title="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Evelyn Griffin</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-03</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Evelyn Griffin for contributing the article "Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" title="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study explores the role of player customization in mobile games, focusing on how avatar and character customization can influence player identity, self-expression, and engagement. The research examines how customizing characters, outfits, and other in-game features enables players to create personalized experiences that reflect their preferences and identities. Drawing on social identity theory and self-concept research, the paper investigates how customization fosters emotional attachment to the game, as well as its impact on player behavior, such as social interaction and competition. The study also explores the commercial implications of offering customizable in-game items, including microtransactions and virtual economies.</p>
  100. <p>This paper examines how mobile games can enhance players’ psychological empowerment by improving their self-efficacy and confidence through gameplay. The research investigates how game mechanics such as challenges, achievements, and skill development contribute to a player's sense of mastery and competence. Drawing on psychological theories of self-efficacy and motivation, the study explores how mobile games can be designed to provide players with a sense of accomplishment and personal growth, particularly in games that focus on skill-based tasks, puzzles, and strategy. The paper also explores the impact of mobile games on players' overall well-being, particularly in terms of their confidence and ability to overcome challenges in real life.</p>
  101. <p>This paper investigates the ethical concerns surrounding mobile game addiction and its potential societal consequences. It examines the role of game design features, such as reward loops, monetization practices, and social competition, in fostering addictive behaviors among players. The research analyzes current regulatory frameworks across different countries and proposes policy recommendations aimed at mitigating the negative effects of mobile game addiction, with an emphasis on industry self-regulation, consumer protection, and the promotion of healthy gaming habits.</p>
  102. <p>This research investigates the environmental footprint of mobile gaming, including energy consumption, electronic waste, and resource usage. It proposes sustainable practices for game development and consumption.This study examines how mobile gaming serves as a platform for social interaction, allowing players to form and maintain relationships. It explores the dynamics of online communities and the social benefits of gaming.</p>
  103. <p>This research investigates the potential of mobile games as tools for political engagement and civic education, focusing on how game mechanics can be used to teach democratic values, political participation, and social activism. The study compares gamified civic education games across different cultures and political systems, analyzing their effectiveness in fostering political literacy, voter participation, and civic responsibility. By applying frameworks from political science and education theory, the paper assesses the impact of mobile games on shaping young people's political beliefs and behaviors, while also examining the ethical implications of using games for political socialization.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://472951445511-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://534419646386-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://405494141347-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://582043207659-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://613241892441-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://856080839043-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://464139090425-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://505859944553-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://636531977390-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://200342903588-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://483948201855-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://953782813857-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://148497345630-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://550646241510-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://891186991741-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://475049094168-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://882934014132-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://822006154768-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://768185063367-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://869283565876-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?491977844662&amp;url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?169505381209&amp;url=https://naver169505381209-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?666144893081&amp;url=https://naver666144893081-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?865231548508&amp;url=https://naver865231548508-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?036267223947&amp;url=https://naver036267223947-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?326734811334&amp;url=https://naver326734811334-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?499249153770&amp;url=https://naver499249153770-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?493788521194&amp;url=https://naver493788521194-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?675819269194&amp;url=https://naver675819269194-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?109577627906&amp;url=https://naver109577627906-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?858977345926&amp;url=https://naver858977345926-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?843862282230&amp;url=https://naver843862282230-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?902602288086&amp;url=https://naver902602288086-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-820412107484.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-612936926296.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-515323915057.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-377016488671.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-374993645188.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-580085823624.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-273141278678.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-033651400419.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-091354881296.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-313281094359.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-500651560706.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-184313045364.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-564900950916.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-172142861202.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-607243790181.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-186288896111.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-397527788402-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-871990019737-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-626238377129-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/9580243761" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/6041583279">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/14.jpg" alt="Economic Sustainability in Player-Driven Virtual Ecosystems" title="Economic Sustainability in Player-Driven Virtual Ecosystems" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-6041583279.gifthub.news/post/6041583279/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/6041583279">Economic Sustainability in Player-Driven Virtual Ecosystems</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Multiplayer platforms foster communities of gamers, forging friendships across continents and creating bonds that transcend virtual boundaries. Through cooperative missions, competitive matches, and shared adventures, players connect on a deeper level, building camaraderie and teamwork skills that extend beyond the digital realm. The social aspect of gaming not only enhances gameplay but also enriches lives, fostering friendships that endure and memories that last a lifetime.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/6041583279" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/10.jpg" alt="Economic Sustainability in Player-Driven Virtual Ecosystems" title="Economic Sustainability in Player-Driven Virtual Ecosystems" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Ryan Morgan</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/2497058631">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="Gamified Public Services: The Future of Engagement Through Play" title="Gamified Public Services: The Future of Engagement Through Play" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-2497058631.gifthub.news/post/2497058631/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/2497058631">Gamified Public Services: The Future of Engagement Through Play</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study delves into the various strategies that mobile game developers use to maximize user retention, including personalized content, rewards systems, and social integration. It explores how data analytics are employed to track player behavior, predict churn, and optimize engagement strategies. The research also discusses the ethical concerns related to user tracking and retention tactics, proposing frameworks for responsible data use.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/2497058631" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/10.jpg" alt="Gamified Public Services: The Future of Engagement Through Play" title="Gamified Public Services: The Future of Engagement Through Play" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Justin Brooks</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/0738516429">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Mobile Game Narratives as Tools for Social Justice Education" title="Mobile Game Narratives as Tools for Social Justice Education" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-0738516429.gifthub.news/post/0738516429/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-03</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/0738516429">Mobile Game Narratives as Tools for Social Justice Education</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This paper investigates the use of mobile games and gamification techniques in areas beyond entertainment, such as education, healthcare, and corporate training. It examines how game mechanics are applied to encourage desired behaviors, improve productivity, and enhance learning outcomes. The study also analyzes the effectiveness and challenges of gamification strategies, highlighting case studies from various industries.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-984013872704.gifthub.news/post/0738516429" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="Mobile Game Narratives as Tools for Social Justice Education" title="Mobile Game Narratives as Tools for Social Justice Education" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>John Smith</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-03 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda