It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention #988176342040 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention #988176342040 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T15:52:50Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Alice Coleman" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention #988176342040 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Alice Coleman",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T15:52:50Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/988176342040"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "988176342040",
  52.            "abstract": "The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention #988176342040 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Alice Coleman",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T15:52:50Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/17.jpg" alt="The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention" title="The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Alice Coleman</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Alice Coleman for contributing the article "The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention" title="The Role of Temporal Dynamics in Player Learning and Retention" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study examines the psychological effects of mobile game addiction, including its impact on mental health, social relationships, and academic performance. It also explores societal perceptions of gaming addiction and discusses potential interventions and preventive measures.</p>
  100. <p>This paper explores the potential of mobile games to serve as therapeutic tools in the treatment of mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, and PTSD. It examines how game mechanics and immersive environments can be used to provide psychological relief, improve emotional regulation, and facilitate cognitive-behavioral therapy. The study discusses challenges in integrating therapeutic design with traditional game elements and offers recommendations for the development of clinically effective mobile health games.</p>
  101. <p>This research investigates the cognitive benefits of mobile games, focusing on how different types of games can enhance players’ problem-solving abilities, decision-making skills, and critical thinking. The study draws on cognitive psychology, educational theory, and game-based learning research to examine how game mechanics, such as puzzles, strategy, and role-playing, promote higher-order thinking. The paper evaluates the potential for mobile games to be used as tools for educational development and cognitive training, particularly for children, students, and individuals with cognitive impairments. It also considers the limitations of mobile games in fostering cognitive development and the need for a balanced approach to game design.</p>
  102. <p>Gaming addiction is a complex issue that warrants attention and understanding, as some individuals struggle to find a healthy balance between their gaming pursuits and other responsibilities. It's important to promote responsible gaming habits, encourage breaks, and offer support to those who may be experiencing challenges in managing their gaming habits and overall well-being.</p>
  103. <p>This paper investigates the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for dynamic content generation in mobile games, focusing on how procedural content creation (PCC) techniques enable developers to create expansive, personalized game worlds that evolve based on player actions. The study explores the algorithms and methodologies used in PCC, such as procedural terrain generation, dynamic narrative structures, and adaptive enemy behavior, and how they enhance player experience by providing infinite variability. Drawing on computer science, game design, and machine learning, the paper examines the potential of AI-driven content generation to create more engaging and replayable mobile games, while considering the challenges of maintaining balance, coherence, and quality in procedurally generated content.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://352219718525-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://035507359491-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://989275411632-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://604456969519-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://245195284212-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://753926287632-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://229280215724-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://353874050342-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://071734067985-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://006689125403-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://919943151234-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://740449040709-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://621262553448-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://863097461505-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://500571443679-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://825279066465-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://111372822870-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://025392385802-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://819456977104-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://396684687117-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?345826117152&amp;url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?750560999657&amp;url=https://naver750560999657-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?125947681274&amp;url=https://naver125947681274-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?895501886833&amp;url=https://naver895501886833-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?933909711216&amp;url=https://naver933909711216-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?074101680240&amp;url=https://naver074101680240-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?339022316616&amp;url=https://naver339022316616-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?688719317837&amp;url=https://naver688719317837-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?995020153065&amp;url=https://naver995020153065-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?297868526307&amp;url=https://naver297868526307-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?248021711313&amp;url=https://naver248021711313-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?329735355042&amp;url=https://naver329735355042-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?895535269161&amp;url=https://naver895535269161-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-343585928991.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-527022311875.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-301317552800.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-402391444257.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-489666196228.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-083274314543.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-798113961827.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-437150968295.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-727182551473.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-760952795411.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-508337909627.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-873020497492.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-762303464297.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-097059747149.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-299048314645.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-992421121926.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-801616645649-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-571035535877-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-999182772834-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/2410963785" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/3971682054">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/9.jpg" alt="A Smart Contract Protocol for Player-Owned Game Assets" title="A Smart Contract Protocol for Player-Owned Game Assets" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-3971682054.mit-edu.top/post/3971682054/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/3971682054">A Smart Contract Protocol for Player-Owned Game Assets</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research examines the application of Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) in mobile game design, particularly in optimizing the balance between game complexity and player capacity for information processing. The study investigates how mobile game developers can use CLT principles to design games that maximize player learning and engagement by minimizing cognitive overload. Drawing on cognitive psychology and game design theory, the paper explores how different types of cognitive load—intrinsic, extraneous, and germane—affect player performance, frustration, and enjoyment. The research also proposes strategies for using game mechanics, tutorials, and difficulty progression to ensure an optimal balance of cognitive load throughout the gameplay experience.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/3971682054" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/17.jpg" alt="A Smart Contract Protocol for Player-Owned Game Assets" title="A Smart Contract Protocol for Player-Owned Game Assets" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Gary Rivera</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/4380925617">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/3.jpg" alt="Exploring Habit Formation Through Daily Login Rewards in Mobile Games" title="Exploring Habit Formation Through Daily Login Rewards in Mobile Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-4380925617.mit-edu.top/post/4380925617/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/4380925617">Exploring Habit Formation Through Daily Login Rewards in Mobile Games</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Virtual reality gaming has unlocked a new dimension of immersion, transporting players into fantastical realms where they can interact with virtual environments and characters in ways previously unimaginable. The sensory richness of VR experiences, coupled with intuitive motion controls, has redefined how players engage with games, blurring the boundaries between the digital realm and the physical world.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/4380925617" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/10.jpg" alt="Exploring Habit Formation Through Daily Login Rewards in Mobile Games" title="Exploring Habit Formation Through Daily Login Rewards in Mobile Games" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Amy Ward</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/6215780934">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/4.jpg" alt="Challenges in Designing Cross-Platform Mixed Reality Games" title="Challenges in Designing Cross-Platform Mixed Reality Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-6215780934.mit-edu.top/post/6215780934/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/6215780934">Challenges in Designing Cross-Platform Mixed Reality Games</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study explores the challenges and opportunities associated with cross-platform play in mobile games, where players can interact with others across different gaming devices, such as consoles, PCs, and smartphones. The research examines the technical, social, and business challenges of integrating cross-platform functionality, including issues related to server synchronization, input compatibility, and player matching. The paper also investigates how cross-platform play influences player engagement, community building, and game longevity, as well as the potential for cross-platform competitions and esports. Drawing on user experience research and platform integration strategies, the study provides recommendations for developers looking to implement cross-platform play in a way that enhances player experiences and extends the lifecycle of mobile games.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-987912178613.mit-edu.top/post/6215780934" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="Challenges in Designing Cross-Platform Mixed Reality Games" title="Challenges in Designing Cross-Platform Mixed Reality Games" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Lisa Walker</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda