It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games #092107755449 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.gifthub.news/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games #092107755449 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="gifthub.news" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/6.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T06:46:35Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Victoria Simmons" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="gifthub.news" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games #092107755449 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Victoria Simmons",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "gifthub.news"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T06:46:35Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/6.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/092107755449"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "092107755449",
  52.            "abstract": "The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games #092107755449 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Victoria Simmons",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T06:46:35Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">gifthub.news</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" title="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Victoria Simmons</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Victoria Simmons for contributing the article "The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" title="The Psychology of Collectible Systems: Motivational Drivers in Digital Card Games" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Game developers are the architects of dreams, weaving intricate codes and visual marvels to craft worlds that inspire awe and ignite passion among players. Behind every pixel and line of code lies a creative vision, a dedication to excellence, and a commitment to delivering memorable experiences. The collaboration between artists, programmers, and storytellers gives rise to masterpieces that captivate the imagination and set new standards for innovation in the gaming industry.</p>
  100. <p>This paper explores the globalization of mobile gaming, focusing on the cultural, economic, and technological dimensions of the mobile game industry. It examines how mobile games transcend national borders, shaping global entertainment trends, cultural exchanges, and consumption patterns. The study analyzes the role of international distribution platforms, such as app stores and online marketplaces, in facilitating cross-border gaming experiences, while also considering the impact of localization strategies on cultural representation and game design. Furthermore, the research investigates the economic implications of mobile game globalization, including market entry strategies, pricing models, and the influence of local regulations.</p>
  101. <p>Gaming addiction is a complex issue that warrants attention and understanding, as some individuals struggle to find a healthy balance between their gaming pursuits and other responsibilities. It's important to promote responsible gaming habits, encourage breaks, and offer support to those who may be experiencing challenges in managing their gaming habits and overall well-being.</p>
  102. <p>This research explores the relationship between mobile gaming habits and academic performance among students. It examines both positive aspects, such as improved cognitive skills, and negative aspects, such as decreased study time and attention.</p>
  103. <p>Virtual avatars, meticulously crafted extensions of the self, embody players' dreams, fears, and aspirations, allowing for a profound level of self-expression and identity exploration within the vast digital landscapes. Whether customizing the appearance, abilities, or personality traits of their avatars, gamers imbue these virtual representations with elements of their own identity, creating a sense of connection and ownership. The ability to inhabit alternate personas, explore diverse roles, and interact with virtual worlds empowers players to express themselves in ways that transcend the limitations of the physical realm, fostering creativity and empathy in the gaming community.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://610168463392-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://236956101885-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://213134995901-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://857187401096-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://706995426830-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://239830925744-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://585694265955-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://407181115198-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://181765214773-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://100796236054-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://165674593670-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://291669089068-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://692297714382-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://832199229386-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://295291161490-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://272600983103-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://125064793213-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://430579696867-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://955276688194-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://664085438486-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?345031727354&amp;url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?913732208607&amp;url=https://naver913732208607-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?241189724338&amp;url=https://naver241189724338-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?410245637910&amp;url=https://naver410245637910-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?240111935044&amp;url=https://naver240111935044-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?926450201325&amp;url=https://naver926450201325-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?899690724835&amp;url=https://naver899690724835-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?929424926671&amp;url=https://naver929424926671-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?692725314284&amp;url=https://naver692725314284-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?256730322275&amp;url=https://naver256730322275-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?668325595768&amp;url=https://naver668325595768-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?290728243927&amp;url=https://naver290728243927-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?950187754587&amp;url=https://naver950187754587-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-146723553535.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-350742538557.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-333892506278.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-533996432406.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-760616349639.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-880418371760.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-303554220382.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-026080978929.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-756823963228.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-751780982681.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-688571547230.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-526959724992.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-991160328186.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-330054016701.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-684073363589.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-512430064170.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-571141309717-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-144592454798-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-795202260374-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8054613972" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8410362579">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/6.jpg" alt="Dynamic Augmented Worlds: Procedural Content Generation for AR Games" title="Dynamic Augmented Worlds: Procedural Content Generation for AR Games" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-8410362579.gifthub.news/post/8410362579/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8410362579">Dynamic Augmented Worlds: Procedural Content Generation for AR Games</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Game developers are the visionary architects behind the mesmerizing worlds and captivating narratives that define modern gaming experiences. Their tireless innovation and creativity have propelled the industry forward, delivering groundbreaking titles that blur the line between reality and fantasy, leaving players awestruck and eager for the next technological marvel.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/8410362579" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/2.jpg" alt="Dynamic Augmented Worlds: Procedural Content Generation for AR Games" title="Dynamic Augmented Worlds: Procedural Content Generation for AR Games" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Richard Wilson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/5319067284">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="A Blockchain-Based Framework for Transparent Player-to-Player Trading in Game Economies" title="A Blockchain-Based Framework for Transparent Player-to-Player Trading in Game Economies" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-5319067284.gifthub.news/post/5319067284/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/5319067284">A Blockchain-Based Framework for Transparent Player-to-Player Trading in Game Economies</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This study explores the integration of augmented reality (AR) technologies in mobile games, examining how AR enhances user engagement and immersion. It discusses technical challenges, user acceptance, and the future potential of AR in mobile gaming.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/5319067284" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/4.jpg" alt="A Blockchain-Based Framework for Transparent Player-to-Player Trading in Game Economies" title="A Blockchain-Based Framework for Transparent Player-to-Player Trading in Game Economies" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Dorothy King</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/6415702893">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="The Role of Game Aesthetics in Enhancing Player Emotional Investment" title="The Role of Game Aesthetics in Enhancing Player Emotional Investment" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-6415702893.gifthub.news/post/6415702893/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/6415702893">The Role of Game Aesthetics in Enhancing Player Emotional Investment</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">The allure of virtual worlds is undeniably powerful, drawing players into immersive realms where they can become anything from heroic warriors wielding enchanted swords to cunning strategists orchestrating grand schemes of conquest and diplomacy. These virtual realms are not just spaces for gaming but also avenues for self-expression and creativity, where players can customize their avatars, design unique outfits, and build virtual homes or kingdoms. The sense of agency and control over one's digital identity adds another layer of fascination to the gaming experience, blurring the boundaries between fantasy and reality.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-aff86bpr9.gifthub.news/post/6415702893" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/15.jpg" alt="The Role of Game Aesthetics in Enhancing Player Emotional Investment" title="The Role of Game Aesthetics in Enhancing Player Emotional Investment" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Daniel Hall</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda