It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making #403262624227 (2025-02-02)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making #403262624227 (2025-02-02)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-02T10:37:10Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Richard Wilson" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making #403262624227 (2025-02-02)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Richard Wilson",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-02T10:37:10Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/403262624227"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "403262624227",
  52.            "abstract": "Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making #403262624227 (2025-02-02)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Richard Wilson",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-02T10:37:10Z",
  58.                "url": "https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making" title="Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Richard Wilson</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-02</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Richard Wilson for contributing the article "Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" alt="Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making" title="Mobile Games as Instruments for Teaching Ethical Decision-Making" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>Gaming culture has evolved into a vibrant and interconnected community where players from diverse backgrounds and cultures converge. They share strategies, forge lasting alliances, and engage in friendly competition, turning virtual friendships into real-world connections that span continents. Beyond gaming itself, this global community often rallies around charitable causes, organizing fundraising events, and using their collective influence for social good, showcasing the positive impact of gaming on society.</p>
  100. <p>This paper explores the evolution of user interface (UI) design in mobile games, with a focus on how innovative UI elements influence player engagement, immersion, and retention. The study investigates how changes in interface design, such as touch gestures, visual feedback, and adaptive layouts, impact the user experience and contribute to the overall success of a game. Drawing on theories of cognitive load, human-computer interaction (HCI), and usability testing, the paper examines the relationship between UI design and player satisfaction. The research also considers the cultural factors influencing UI design in mobile games and the challenges of creating intuitive interfaces that appeal to diverse player demographics.</p>
  101. <p>Accessibility initiatives in gaming are essential to ensuring inclusivity and equal opportunities for players of all abilities. Features such as customizable controls, colorblind modes, subtitles, and assistive technologies empower gamers with disabilities to enjoy gaming experiences on par with their peers, fostering a more inclusive and welcoming gaming ecosystem.</p>
  102. <p>The quest for achievements and trophies fuels the drive for mastery, pushing gamers to hone their skills and conquer challenges that once seemed insurmountable. Whether completing 100% of a game's objectives or achieving top rankings in competitive modes, the pursuit of virtual accolades reflects a thirst for excellence and a desire to push boundaries. The sense of accomplishment that comes with unlocking achievements drives players to continually improve and excel in their gaming endeavors.</p>
  103. <p>A Comparative Analysis This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of various monetization models in mobile gaming, including in-app purchases, advertisements, and subscription services. It compares the effectiveness and ethical considerations of each model, offering recommendations for developers and policymakers.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://530263169962-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://425289403691-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://216681335361-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://678674927545-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://486855087655-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://889326584351-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://754508157743-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://341016695527-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://186511796147-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://062736171372-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://941504222884-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://953678374657-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://375403707957-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://379667053320-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://268623460901-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://281076704770-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://576818934707-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://143234362569-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://240627675366-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://150630455889-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?315672697759&amp;url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?427053779743&amp;url=https://naver427053779743-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?898376218885&amp;url=https://naver898376218885-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?045810763568&amp;url=https://naver045810763568-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?836811190038&amp;url=https://naver836811190038-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?769548152634&amp;url=https://naver769548152634-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?710066950531&amp;url=https://naver710066950531-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?741754520574&amp;url=https://naver741754520574-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?390654035031&amp;url=https://naver390654035031-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?727780955030&amp;url=https://naver727780955030-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?593550090056&amp;url=https://naver593550090056-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?469072245924&amp;url=https://naver469072245924-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?920523583838&amp;url=https://naver920523583838-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-947053600607.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-931524927079.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-438721626321.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-792752446698.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-190898831614.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-876419698864.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-119789608788.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-572734121872.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-732629030019.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-979847605978.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-390587851023.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-937038926801.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-671179008167.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-942045438131.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-033614782999.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-890716400705.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-259063266638-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-016306286257-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-907978493300-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/9601273548" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/4925760138">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" alt="Subscription Models in Mobile Gaming: Retention vs. Revenue Trade-offs" title="Subscription Models in Mobile Gaming: Retention vs. Revenue Trade-offs" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-4925760138.mit-edu.top/post/4925760138/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/4925760138">Subscription Models in Mobile Gaming: Retention vs. Revenue Trade-offs</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">Mobile gaming has democratized access to gaming experiences, empowering billions of smartphone users to dive into a vast array of games ranging from casual puzzles to graphically intensive adventures. The portability and convenience of mobile devices have transformed downtime into playtime, allowing gamers to indulge their passion anytime, anywhere, with a tap of their fingertips.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/4925760138" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="Subscription Models in Mobile Gaming: Retention vs. Revenue Trade-offs" title="Subscription Models in Mobile Gaming: Retention vs. Revenue Trade-offs" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Stephen Hamilton</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/3405786192">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/4.jpg" alt="Dynamic Demand Forecasting in Virtual Economies Using Predictive AI Models" title="Dynamic Demand Forecasting in Virtual Economies Using Predictive AI Models" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-3405786192.mit-edu.top/post/3405786192/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/3405786192">Dynamic Demand Forecasting in Virtual Economies Using Predictive AI Models</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">Gaming culture has transcended borders and languages, emerging as a vibrant global community that unites people from all walks of life under the banner of shared enthusiasm for interactive digital experiences. From casual gamers to hardcore enthusiasts, gaming has become a universal language, fostering connections, friendships, and even rivalries that span continents and time zones.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/3405786192" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/9.jpg" alt="Dynamic Demand Forecasting in Virtual Economies Using Predictive AI Models" title="Dynamic Demand Forecasting in Virtual Economies Using Predictive AI Models" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Jonathan Torres</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/8190342756">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/2.jpg" alt="The Role of In-Game Advertising in Revenue Diversification Strategies" title="The Role of In-Game Advertising in Revenue Diversification Strategies" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-8190342756.mit-edu.top/post/8190342756/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-02</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/8190342756">The Role of In-Game Advertising in Revenue Diversification Strategies</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">Multiplayer platforms foster communities of gamers, forging friendships across continents and creating bonds that transcend virtual boundaries. Through cooperative missions, competitive matches, and shared adventures, players connect on a deeper level, building camaraderie and teamwork skills that extend beyond the digital realm. The social aspect of gaming not only enhances gameplay but also enriches lives, fostering friendships that endure and memories that last a lifetime.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://blog-affiy7c1d.mit-edu.top/post/8190342756" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/6.jpg" alt="The Role of In-Game Advertising in Revenue Diversification Strategies" title="The Role of In-Game Advertising in Revenue Diversification Strategies" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Anthony Edwards</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-02 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda