It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #161025106016 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #161025106016 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T04:55:50Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. William Rodriguez" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #161025106016 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. William Rodriguez",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T04:55:50Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/161025106016"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "161025106016",
  52.            "abstract": "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds #161025106016 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds",
  56.                "author": "Dr. William Rodriguez",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T04:55:50Z",
  58.                "url": "https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" title="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">William Rodriguez</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to William Rodriguez for contributing the article "Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" alt="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" title="Social Identity Construction in Persistent Virtual Worlds" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This paper applies semiotic analysis to the narratives and interactive elements within mobile games, focusing on how mobile games act as cultural artifacts that reflect and shape societal values, ideologies, and cultural norms. The study investigates how game developers use signs, symbols, and codes within mobile games to communicate meaning to players and how players interpret these signs in diverse cultural contexts. By analyzing various mobile games across genres, the paper explores the role of games in reinforcing or challenging cultural representations, identity politics, and the formation of global gaming cultures. The research offers a critique of the ways in which mobile games participate in the construction of collective cultural memory.</p>
  100. <p>This research explores the intersection of mobile gaming and behavioral economics, focusing on how in-game purchases influence player decision-making. The study analyzes common behavioral biases, such as the “anchoring effect” and “loss aversion,” that developers exploit to encourage spending. It provides insights into how these economic principles affect the design of monetization strategies and the ethical considerations involved in manipulating player behavior.</p>
  101. <p>This meta-analysis synthesizes existing psychometric studies to assess the impact of mobile gaming on cognitive and emotional intelligence. The research systematically reviews empirical evidence regarding the effects of mobile gaming on cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving, as well as emotional intelligence competencies, such as empathy, emotional regulation, and interpersonal skills. By applying meta-analytic techniques, the study provides robust insights into the cognitive and emotional benefits and drawbacks of mobile gaming, with a particular focus on game genre, duration of gameplay, and individual differences in player characteristics.</p>
  102. <p>This systematic review examines existing literature on the effects of mobile gaming on mental health, identifying both beneficial and detrimental outcomes. It provides evidence-based recommendations for stakeholders in the gaming industry and healthcare sectors.</p>
  103. <p>This paper presents an ethnographic study of online multiplayer mobile gaming communities, exploring how players interact, collaborate, and form social bonds through gameplay. The research draws on theories of social capital, community building, and identity formation to analyze the dynamics of virtual relationships in mobile gaming. The study examines how mobile games facilitate socialization across geographical and cultural boundaries, while also addressing challenges such as online toxicity, harassment, and the commodification of social interaction. The paper offers a sociological perspective on the role of mobile games in shaping contemporary online communities and social practices.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://039069856232-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://663853290158-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://460305819826-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://711335601087-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://317423269390-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://982864445689-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://249347178821-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://148178266453-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://807476390234-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://942834059867-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://684339610457-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://186110614998-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://403490159592-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://563519228949-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://900400340699-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://705664910361-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://294198099039-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://074133114670-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://171208337847-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://646550467971-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?382750767888&amp;url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?721505260825&amp;url=https://naver721505260825-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?972669798063&amp;url=https://naver972669798063-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?040838601751&amp;url=https://naver040838601751-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?388460967124&amp;url=https://naver388460967124-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?103900304397&amp;url=https://naver103900304397-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?258334462309&amp;url=https://naver258334462309-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?305127537938&amp;url=https://naver305127537938-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?079518233167&amp;url=https://naver079518233167-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?514744685198&amp;url=https://naver514744685198-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?952745543494&amp;url=https://naver952745543494-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?327744495870&amp;url=https://naver327744495870-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?338957742917&amp;url=https://naver338957742917-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-572821254038.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-478065098884.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-658940698880.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-016519367163.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-773561027912.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-982870972623.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-660387754010.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-213005303580.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-678831297235.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-911312443754.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-284633600584.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-604338929061.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-306781119673.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-944092453996.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-899705936515.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-626683088487.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-733123712783-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-276937400069-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-477326199412-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/0413279568" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/7950241863">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/5.jpg" alt="Game-Driven Approaches to Teaching Algorithmic Thinking in K-12 Education" title="Game-Driven Approaches to Teaching Algorithmic Thinking in K-12 Education" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-7950241863.mit-edu.top/post/7950241863/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/7950241863">Game-Driven Approaches to Teaching Algorithmic Thinking in K-12 Education</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">The quest for achievements and trophies fuels the drive for mastery, pushing gamers to hone their skills and conquer challenges that once seemed insurmountable. Whether completing 100% of a game's objectives or achieving top rankings in competitive modes, the pursuit of virtual accolades reflects a thirst for excellence and a desire to push boundaries. The sense of accomplishment that comes with unlocking achievements drives players to continually improve and excel in their gaming endeavors.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/7950241863" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/19.jpg" alt="Game-Driven Approaches to Teaching Algorithmic Thinking in K-12 Education" title="Game-Driven Approaches to Teaching Algorithmic Thinking in K-12 Education" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Victoria Simmons</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/3782056149">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/19.jpg" alt="Exploring Immersion Metrics in AR-Driven Mobile Game Experiences" title="Exploring Immersion Metrics in AR-Driven Mobile Game Experiences" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-3782056149.mit-edu.top/post/3782056149/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/3782056149">Exploring Immersion Metrics in AR-Driven Mobile Game Experiences</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This paper examines the intersection of mobile games and behavioral economics, exploring how game mechanics can be used to influence economic decision-making and consumer behavior. Drawing on insights from psychology, game theory, and economics, the study analyzes how mobile games employ reward systems, uncertainty, risk-taking, and resource management to simulate real-world economic decisions. The research explores the potential for mobile games to be used as tools for teaching economic principles, as well as their role in shaping financial behavior in the digital economy. The paper also discusses the ethical considerations of using gamified elements in influencing players’ financial choices.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/3782056149" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/16.jpg" alt="Exploring Immersion Metrics in AR-Driven Mobile Game Experiences" title="Exploring Immersion Metrics in AR-Driven Mobile Game Experiences" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Mary Johnson</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/4519608732">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/18.jpg" alt="Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients in Complex Game Dynamics" title="Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients in Complex Game Dynamics" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-4519608732.mit-edu.top/post/4519608732/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/4519608732">Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients in Complex Game Dynamics</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This research explores how mobile gaming influences cultural identity and expression across different regions. It examines the role of mobile games in cultural exchange, preservation, and the representation of diverse cultures. This research investigates how mobile gaming affects sleep quality and duration, considering factors such as screen time, game content, and player demographics. It provides insights into the health implications of mobile gaming habits.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://nwejjg.mit-edu.top/post/4519608732" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/20.jpg" alt="Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients in Complex Game Dynamics" title="Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients in Complex Game Dynamics" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Joseph Lee</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda