It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks #867467984629 (2025-02-06)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks #867467984629 (2025-02-06)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="mit-edu.top" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-05T19:09:21Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Jacqueline Foster" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="mit-edu.top" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks #867467984629 (2025-02-06)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Jacqueline Foster",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "mit-edu.top"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-05T19:09:21Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/867467984629"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "mit-edu.top",
  49.                "url": "https://oexfux.mit-edu.top"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "867467984629",
  52.            "abstract": "Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks #867467984629 (2025-02-06)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Jacqueline Foster",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-05T19:09:21Z",
  58.                "url": "https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">mit-edu.top</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" title="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Jacqueline Foster</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-06</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Jacqueline Foster for contributing the article "Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" title="Anomaly Detection in Mobile Game Transactions Using Graph Neural Networks" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This systematic review examines existing literature on the effects of mobile gaming on mental health, identifying both beneficial and detrimental outcomes. It provides evidence-based recommendations for stakeholders in the gaming industry and healthcare sectors.</p>
  100. <p>This study investigates the use of gamification techniques in mobile learning applications, focusing on how game-like elements such as scoring, badges, and leaderboards influence user engagement and motivation. It assesses the effectiveness of gamification in enhancing learning outcomes, particularly in educational apps targeting children and young adults. The paper also addresses challenges in designing gamified systems that balance educational value with entertainment.</p>
  101. <p>This study investigates the potential of blockchain technology to decentralize mobile gaming, offering new opportunities for player empowerment and developer autonomy. By leveraging smart contracts, decentralized finance (DeFi), and non-fungible tokens (NFTs), blockchain could allow players to truly own in-game assets, trade them across platforms, and participate in decentralized governance of games. The paper examines the technological challenges, economic opportunities, and legal implications of blockchain integration in mobile gaming ecosystems. It also considers the ethical concerns regarding virtual asset ownership and the potential for blockchain to disrupt existing monetization models.</p>
  102. <p>Virtual avatars, meticulously crafted extensions of the self, embody players' dreams, fears, and aspirations, allowing for a profound level of self-expression and identity exploration within the vast digital landscapes. Whether customizing the appearance, abilities, or personality traits of their avatars, gamers imbue these virtual representations with elements of their own identity, creating a sense of connection and ownership. The ability to inhabit alternate personas, explore diverse roles, and interact with virtual worlds empowers players to express themselves in ways that transcend the limitations of the physical realm, fostering creativity and empathy in the gaming community.</p>
  103. <p>This paper explores the potential role of mobile games in the development of digital twin technologies—virtual replicas of real-world entities and environments—focusing on how gaming engines and simulation platforms can contribute to the creation of accurate, real-time digital representations. The study examines the technological infrastructure required for mobile games to act as tools for digital twin creation, as well as the ethical considerations involved in representing real-world data and experiences in virtual spaces. The paper discusses the convergence of mobile gaming, AI, and the Internet of Things (IoT), proposing new avenues for innovation in both gaming and digital twin industries.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://025744834868-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://254881972303-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://622622034619-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://092578404882-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://070210682855-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://058510420687-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://528917115147-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://205491906858-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://801879622523-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://244768489029-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://129805696883-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://746998222708-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://646558571451-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://021609984674-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://406686441107-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://054109302462-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://461828279837-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://582792407817-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://847094331424-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://341335094363-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?503295079879&amp;url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?313455880013&amp;url=https://naver313455880013-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?522959319748&amp;url=https://naver522959319748-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?346323255500&amp;url=https://naver346323255500-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?099191454750&amp;url=https://naver099191454750-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?681665590122&amp;url=https://naver681665590122-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?558019018027&amp;url=https://naver558019018027-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?272657626883&amp;url=https://naver272657626883-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?433456701602&amp;url=https://naver433456701602-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?514327145300&amp;url=https://naver514327145300-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?172861205550&amp;url=https://naver172861205550-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?120391543085&amp;url=https://naver120391543085-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?899330447634&amp;url=https://naver899330447634-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-855310423452.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-617925404437.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-472246631162.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-205551813515.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-055599347662.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-225442773238.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-410771387837.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-861627950595.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-762095937014.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-242936712885.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-671630207516.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-010811235538.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-100389947010.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-131882593674.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-808351261300.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-304116129218.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-578835316251-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-387528658069-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-782713561355-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/1380924765" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/0634857192">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/1.jpg" alt="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" title="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-0634857192.mit-edu.top/post/0634857192/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-06</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/0634857192">Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This research explores the role of big data and analytics in shaping mobile game development, particularly in optimizing player experience, game mechanics, and monetization strategies. The study examines how game developers collect and analyze data from players, including gameplay behavior, in-app purchases, and social interactions, to make data-driven decisions that improve game design and player engagement. Drawing on data science and game analytics, the paper investigates the ethical considerations of data collection, privacy issues, and the use of player data in decision-making. The research also discusses the potential risks of over-reliance on data-driven design, such as homogenization of game experiences and neglect of creative innovation.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/0634857192" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/14.jpg" alt="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" title="Understanding the Impact of Player-Driven Economies on Game Longevity" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Brenda Watson</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-06 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/2530869741">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/12.jpg" alt="Gamification as a Tool for Teaching Computational Ethics in STEM Education" title="Gamification as a Tool for Teaching Computational Ethics in STEM Education" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-2530869741.mit-edu.top/post/2530869741/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-06</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/2530869741">Gamification as a Tool for Teaching Computational Ethics in STEM Education</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">This research investigates the potential of mobile games as tools for political engagement and civic education, focusing on how game mechanics can be used to teach democratic values, political participation, and social activism. The study compares gamified civic education games across different cultures and political systems, analyzing their effectiveness in fostering political literacy, voter participation, and civic responsibility. By applying frameworks from political science and education theory, the paper assesses the impact of mobile games on shaping young people's political beliefs and behaviors, while also examining the ethical implications of using games for political socialization.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/2530869741" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/12.jpg" alt="Gamification as a Tool for Teaching Computational Ethics in STEM Education" title="Gamification as a Tool for Teaching Computational Ethics in STEM Education" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Gregory Jenkins</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-06 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/6830925471">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/post/4.jpg" alt="Topology-Aware Data Compression Algorithms for Mobile Game Assets" title="Topology-Aware Data Compression Algorithms for Mobile Game Assets" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-6830925471.mit-edu.top/post/6830925471/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-06</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/6830925471">Topology-Aware Data Compression Algorithms for Mobile Game Assets</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">A Comparative Analysis This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of various monetization models in mobile gaming, including in-app purchases, advertisements, and subscription services. It compares the effectiveness and ethical considerations of each model, offering recommendations for developers and policymakers.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://oexfux.mit-edu.top/post/6830925471" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/user/5.jpg" alt="Topology-Aware Data Compression Algorithms for Mobile Game Assets" title="Topology-Aware Data Compression Algorithms for Mobile Game Assets" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>James Williams</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-06 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.mit-edu.top/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda