It looks like this is a web page, not a feed. I looked for a feed associated with this page, but couldn't find one. Please enter the address of your feed to validate.

Source: https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893

  1. <!doctype html>
  2. <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
  3.  
  4.  <head>
  5.    <meta charset="utf-8">
  6.    <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  7.    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  8.    <title>Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning #353740088343 (2025-02-01)</title>
  9.    <link rel="canonical" href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893">
  10.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Poppins:wght@400;700&display=swap">
  11.    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://x.gifthub.news/static/css/style.css">
  12.    <script src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/js/lazysizes.min.js" async></script>
  13.    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
  14.    <!-- Open Graph Metadata -->
  15.    <meta property="og:type" content="article" />
  16.    <meta property="og:title" content="Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning" />
  17.    <meta property="og:description" content="Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning #353740088343 (2025-02-01)" />
  18.    <meta property="og:url" content="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" />
  19.    <meta property="og:site_name" content="gifthub.news" />
  20.    <meta property="og:image" content="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/16.jpg" />
  21.    <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="2025-02-01T13:44:23Z" />
  22.    <meta property="og:article:author" content="Dr. Thomas Clark" />
  23.    <meta property="og:article:section" content="gifthub.news" />
  24.    <meta property="og:article:tag" content="Games, Mobile Games, Video Games" />
  25.    <!-- Schema.org -->
  26.    <script type="application/ld+json">{
  27.            "@context": "https://schema.org",
  28.            "@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
  29.            "headline": "Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning #353740088343 (2025-02-01)",
  30.            "author": {
  31.                "@type": "Person",
  32.                "name": "Dr. Thomas Clark",
  33.                "affiliation": {
  34.                    "@type": "Organization",
  35.                    "name": "gifthub.news"
  36.                },
  37.                "url": "https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893"
  38.            },
  39.            "datePublished": "2025-02-01T13:44:23Z",
  40.            "image": "https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/16.jpg",
  41.            "journal": {
  42.                "@type": "Periodical",
  43.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  44.                "issn": "10.1069/353740088343"
  45.            },
  46.            "publisher": {
  47.                "@type": "Organization",
  48.                "name": "gifthub.news",
  49.                "url": "https://research-816769.gifthub.news"
  50.            },
  51.            "doi": "353740088343",
  52.            "abstract": "Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning #353740088343 (2025-02-01)",
  53.            "citation": {
  54.                "@type": "CreativeWork",
  55.                "name": "Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning",
  56.                "author": "Dr. Thomas Clark",
  57.                "datePublished": "2025-02-01T13:44:23Z",
  58.                "url": "https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893"
  59.            }
  60.        }
  61.    </script>
  62. </head>
  63.  
  64. <body>
  65.    <div class="site-mobile-menu site-navbar-target">
  66.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-header">
  67.            <div class="site-mobile-menu-close">
  68.                <span class="icofont-close js-menu-toggle"></span>
  69.            </div>
  70.        </div>
  71.        <div class="site-mobile-menu-body"></div>
  72.    </div>
  73.    <nav class="site-nav">
  74.        <div class="container">
  75.            <div class="site-navigation">
  76.                <div class="row">
  77.                    <div class="col-md-6 text-center order-1 order-md-2 mb-3 mb-md-0">
  78.                        <a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news" class="logo m-0 text-uppercase">gifthub.news</a>
  79.                    </div>
  80.                    <div class="col-md-3 order-3 order-md-1">
  81.                    </div>
  82.                </div>
  83.            </div>
  84.        </div>
  85.    </nav>
  86.    <div class="section post-section pt-5">
  87.        <div class="container">
  88.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  89.                <div class="col-lg-8">
  90.                    <div class="text-center">
  91.                        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/12.jpg" alt="Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning" title="Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning" class="author-pic img-fluid rounded-circle mx-auto">
  92.                    </div>
  93.                    <span class="d-block text-center">Thomas Clark</span>
  94.                    <span class="date d-block text-center small text-uppercase text-black-50 mb-5">2025-02-01</span>
  95.                    <h2 class="heading text-center">Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning</h2>
  96.                    <p class="lead mb-4 text-center">Thanks to Thomas Clark for contributing the article "Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning".
  97.                    </p>
  98.                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning" title="Cross-Cultural Validation of Educational Mobile Games in Language Learning" class="img-fluid rounded mb-4 lazyload">
  99.                    <p>This study investigates how mobile games can encourage physical activity among players, focusing on games that incorporate movement and exercise. It evaluates the effectiveness of these games in promoting health and fitness. </p>
  100. <p>Game developers are the architects of dreams, weaving intricate codes and visual marvels to craft worlds that inspire awe and ignite passion among players. Behind every pixel and line of code lies a creative vision, a dedication to excellence, and a commitment to delivering memorable experiences. The collaboration between artists, programmers, and storytellers gives rise to masterpieces that captivate the imagination and set new standards for innovation in the gaming industry.</p>
  101. <p>This research examines the intersection of mobile games and the evolving landscape of media consumption, particularly in the context of journalism and news delivery. The study explores how mobile games are influencing the way users consume information, engage with news stories, and interact with media content. By analyzing game mechanics such as interactive narratives, role-playing elements, and user-driven content creation, the paper investigates how mobile games can be leveraged to deliver news in novel ways that increase engagement and foster critical thinking. The research also addresses the challenges of misinformation, echo chambers, and the ethical implications of gamified news delivery.</p>
  102. <p>This study investigates the impact of mobile gaming on neuroplasticity and brain development, focusing on how playing games affects cognitive functions such as memory, attention, spatial navigation, and problem-solving. By integrating theories from neuroscience and psychology, the research explores the mechanisms through which mobile games might enhance neural connections, especially in younger players or those with cognitive impairments. The paper reviews existing evidence on brain training games and their efficacy, proposing a framework for designing mobile games that can facilitate cognitive improvement while considering potential risks, such as overstimulation or addiction, in certain populations.</p>
  103. <p>This research explores the convergence of virtual reality (VR) and mobile games, investigating how VR technology is being integrated into mobile gaming experiences to create more immersive and interactive entertainment. The study examines the technical challenges and innovations involved in adapting VR for mobile platforms, including issues of motion tracking, hardware limitations, and player comfort. Drawing on theories of immersion, presence, and user experience, the paper investigates how mobile VR games enhance player engagement by providing a heightened sense of spatial awareness and interactive storytelling. The research also discusses the potential for VR to transform mobile gaming, offering predictions for the future of immersive entertainment in the mobile gaming sector.</p>
  104.  
  105.                    <p>
  106.                    <a href="/redirect/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Link</a>
  107.                    </p>
  108.                    <p><a href="https://www.linegames.org/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  109. <a href="https://www.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  110. <a href="https://www.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  111. <a href="https://www.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  112. <a href="https://www.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  113. <a href="https://263105859734-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  114. <a href="https://072097538960-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  115. <a href="https://823486002323-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  116. <a href="https://909882380589-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  117. <a href="https://343130112561-gov.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  118. <a href="https://162494785773-gov.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  119. <a href="https://011070004317-gov.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  120. <a href="https://339686802042-gov.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  121. <a href="https://521099391508-gov-edu.iliiili.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  122. <a href="https://508940684643-gov-edu.digwow.net/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  123. <a href="https://223537780999-gov-edu.free-giftcodes.com/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  124. <a href="https://929089830734-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  125. <a href="https://702167490743-edu.iliiili.com/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  126. <a href="https://522511504512-edu.digwow.net/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  127. <a href="https://496569949256-edu.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  128. <a href="https://905989341503-edu.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  129. <a href="https://754105455012-gov.iliiili.com/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  130. <a href="https://006032722221-gov.digwow.net/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  131. <a href="https://265415791202-gov.free-giftcodes.com/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  132. <a href="https://857369660373-gov.gifthub.com.ru/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  133. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?545878994546&amp;url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  134. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?025146421268&amp;url=https://naver025146421268-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  135. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?134162416003&amp;url=https://naver134162416003-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  136. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?893257959473&amp;url=https://naver893257959473-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  137. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?126343156662&amp;url=https://naver126343156662-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  138. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?814414894129&amp;url=https://naver814414894129-gov.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  139. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?815763185819&amp;url=https://naver815763185819-gov.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  140. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?225992273624&amp;url=https://naver225992273624-gov.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  141. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?104517509185&amp;url=https://naver104517509185-gov.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  142. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?503095018607&amp;url=https://naver503095018607-gov-edu.digwow.net" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  143. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?824196607068&amp;url=https://naver824196607068-gov-edu.iliiili.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  144. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?719637287696&amp;url=https://naver719637287696-gov-edu.1717173.xyz" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  145. <a href="https://link.naver.com/bridge?108968751260&amp;url=https://naver108968751260-gov-edu.gifthub.com.ru" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  146. <a href="https://blog-821637509462.gifthub.news/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  147. <a href="https://blog-191950661468.jp-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  148. <a href="https://blog-343560642716.kr-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  149. <a href="https://blog-466403622718.krlinkedin.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  150. <a href="https://blog-885921866112.mit-edu.sbs/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  151. <a href="https://blog-177458004744.mit-edu.buzz/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  152. <a href="https://blog-006388177670.mit-edu.tech/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  153. <a href="https://blog-856468786421.mit-edu.site/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  154. <a href="https://blog-231606116845.mit-edu.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  155. <a href="https://blog-763430426173.usa-gov.top/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  156. <a href="https://research-941684807067.mit-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  157. <a href="https://research-688363939273.harvard-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  158. <a href="https://research-315922226484.stanford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  159. <a href="https://research-875572330176.cambridge-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  160. <a href="https://research-569587818311.berkeley-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  161. <a href="https://research-643382869327.oxford-edu.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  162. <a href="https://research-551578124173-edu.wwv.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  163. <a href="https://research-865707861209-edu.sean.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  164. <a href="https://research-586518263320-edu.line.pp.ua/?url=https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/2645017893" target="_blank" class="custom-link">External link</a>
  165. </p>
  166.                    <div class="row mt-5 pt-5 border-top">
  167.                    </div>
  168.                </div>
  169.            </div>
  170.        </div>
  171.    </div>
  172.    <div class="section pb-0">
  173.        <div class="container">
  174.            <div class="row">
  175.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  176.                    <h2 class="heading">Related</h2>
  177.                </div>
  178.            </div>
  179.            <div class="row justify-content-center">
  180.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  181.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  182.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  183.                            <a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/9674521308">
  184.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/16.jpg" alt="Optimizing Player Incentive Mechanisms in Tokenized Game Economies" title="Optimizing Player Incentive Mechanisms in Tokenized Game Economies" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  185.                            </a>
  186.                        </div>
  187.                        <div class="content">
  188.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  189.                                <a href="https://blog-9674521308.gifthub.news/post/9674521308/" target="_blank">
  190.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  191.                                </a>
  192.                            </div>
  193.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/9674521308">Optimizing Player Incentive Mechanisms in Tokenized Game Economies</a></h2>
  194.                            <p class="info">This study analyzes the growth of mobile game streaming services and their impact on the mobile gaming market. It explores how cloud gaming platforms, such as Google Stadia and Microsoft’s Project xCloud, allow players to access high-quality games on low-powered devices. The paper evaluates the technical challenges of latency, bandwidth, and device compatibility, as well as the potential of mobile game streaming to democratize access to games globally.</p>
  195.                            <a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/9674521308" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  196.                                <div class="author-pic">
  197.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/12.jpg" alt="Optimizing Player Incentive Mechanisms in Tokenized Game Economies" title="Optimizing Player Incentive Mechanisms in Tokenized Game Economies" class="lazyload">
  198.                                </div>
  199.                                <div class="text">
  200.                                    <strong>Margaret Allen</strong>
  201.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  202.                                </div>
  203.                            </a>
  204.                        </div>
  205.                    </div>
  206.                </div>
  207.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  208.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  209.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  210.                            <a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/0123649857">
  211.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/7.jpg" alt="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" title="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  212.                            </a>
  213.                        </div>
  214.                        <div class="content">
  215.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  216.                                <a href="https://blog-0123649857.gifthub.news/post/0123649857/" target="_blank">
  217.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  218.                                </a>
  219.                            </div>
  220.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/0123649857">Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms</a></h2>
  221.                            <p class="info">The storytelling in video games has matured into an art form, offering players complex narratives filled with rich characters, moral dilemmas, and emotionally resonant experiences that rival those found in literature and cinema. Players are no longer passive consumers but active participants in interactive narratives, shaping the outcome of stories through their choices and actions. This interactive storytelling blurs the line between player and protagonist, creating deeply personal and immersive narratives that leave a lasting impact.</p>
  222.                            <a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/0123649857" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  223.                                <div class="author-pic">
  224.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/18.jpg" alt="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" title="Smart Contracts for Adaptive Reward Mechanisms in Blockchain Gaming Platforms" class="lazyload">
  225.                                </div>
  226.                                <div class="text">
  227.                                    <strong>Kathleen Simmons</strong>
  228.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  229.                                </div>
  230.                            </a>
  231.                        </div>
  232.                    </div>
  233.                </div>
  234.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  235.                    <div class="post-entry d-md-flex small-horizontal mb-5">
  236.                        <div class="me-md-5 thumbnail mb-3 mb-md-0">
  237.                            <a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/7936280514">
  238.                            <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/post/10.jpg" alt="The Impact of Wearable AR Devices on Social Interactions in Game Communities" title="The Impact of Wearable AR Devices on Social Interactions in Game Communities" class="img-fluid lazyload">
  239.                            </a>
  240.                        </div>
  241.                        <div class="content">
  242.                            <div class="post-meta mb-3">
  243.                                <a href="https://blog-7936280514.gifthub.news/post/7936280514/" target="_blank">
  244.                                <span class="date">2025-02-01</span>
  245.                                </a>
  246.                            </div>
  247.                            <h2 class="heading"><a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/7936280514">The Impact of Wearable AR Devices on Social Interactions in Game Communities</a></h2>
  248.                            <p class="info">This study evaluates the efficacy of mobile games as gamified interventions for promoting physical and mental well-being. The research examines how health-related mobile games, such as fitness games, mindfulness apps, and therapeutic games, can improve players’ physical health, mental health, and overall quality of life. By drawing on health psychology and behavioral medicine, the paper investigates how mobile games use motivational mechanics, feedback systems, and social support to encourage healthy behaviors, such as exercise, stress reduction, and dietary changes. The study also reviews the effectiveness of gamified health interventions in clinical settings, offering a critical evaluation of their potential and limitations.</p>
  249.                            <a href="https://research-816769.gifthub.news/post/7936280514" class="post-author d-flex align-items-center">
  250.                                <div class="author-pic">
  251.                                    <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/user/16.jpg" alt="The Impact of Wearable AR Devices on Social Interactions in Game Communities" title="The Impact of Wearable AR Devices on Social Interactions in Game Communities" class="lazyload">
  252.                                </div>
  253.                                <div class="text">
  254.                                    <strong>Michelle Turner</strong>
  255.                                    <span>2025-02-01 published post</span>
  256.                                </div>
  257.                            </a>
  258.                        </div>
  259.                    </div>
  260.                </div>
  261.            </div>
  262.        </div>
  263.    </div>
  264.    <div class="py-5 bg-light mx-md-3 sec-subscribe">
  265.        <div class="container">
  266.            <div class="row">
  267.                <div class="col-lg-12">
  268.                    <h2 class="h4 fw-bold">Subscribe to newsletter</h2>
  269.                </div>
  270.            </div>
  271.            <form class="row">
  272.                <div class="col-md-8">
  273.                    <div class="mb-3 mb-md-0">
  274.                        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="Enter your email">
  275.                    </div>
  276.                </div>
  277.                <div class="col-md-4 d-grid">
  278.                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Subscribe">
  279.                </div>
  280.            </form>
  281.        </div>
  282.    </div>
  283.    <div class="site-footer">
  284.        <div class="container">
  285.            <div class="row justify-content-center copyright">
  286.                <div class="col-lg-7 text-center">
  287.                    <div class="widget">
  288.                        <p>Copyright &copy;
  289.                            <script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> All rights reserved.
  290.                        </p>
  291. <p>
  292.    < Top VPS Hosting Choice ><br>
  293.    <a href="https://evolution-host.com?ref=DQgZ6P" target="_blank">
  294.        <img src="https://x.gifthub.news/static/images/evolution-host.png" alt="Evolution Host" title="Evolution Host" class="evhost lazyload">
  295.    </a>
  296. </p>
  297.                    </div>
  298.                </div>
  299.            </div>
  300.        </div>
  301.    </div>
  302. </body>
  303.  
  304. </html>
Copyright © 2002-9 Sam Ruby, Mark Pilgrim, Joseph Walton, and Phil Ringnalda