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  11. <title>Archaeology Magazine</title>
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  14. <description>A publication of the Archaeological Institute of America</description>
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  23. <title>Unique Weights Shaped Like Greek Letters Unearthed</title>
  24. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/unique-weights-shaped-like-greek-letters-unearthed/</link>
  26. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  27. <pubDate>Fri, 11 Jul 2025 18:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  28. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  29. <category><![CDATA[Diocaesarea]]></category>
  30. <category><![CDATA[Greek letter]]></category>
  31. <category><![CDATA[litra]]></category>
  32. <category><![CDATA[Turkey]]></category>
  33. <category><![CDATA[Uzuncaburc]]></category>
  34. <category><![CDATA[weights]]></category>
  35. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51695</guid>
  36.  
  37. <description><![CDATA[<p>UZUNCABURÇ, TURKEY—During the Hellenistic and Roman periods, the ancient city of Diocaesarea, known today as [&#8230;]</p>
  38. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/unique-weights-shaped-like-greek-letters-unearthed/">Unique Weights Shaped Like Greek Letters Unearthed</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  39. ]]></description>
  40. <content:encoded><![CDATA[
  41. <p>UZUNCABURÇ, TURKEY—During the Hellenistic and Roman periods, the ancient city of Diocaesarea, known today as Uzuncaburç, was a bustling hub in southeastern Turkey. Its well-preserved ruins consist of colonnaded streets filled with shops. According to the <em><a href="https://www.dailysabah.com/life/history/turkiyes-mersin-uncovers-unique-hellenistic-weights-balance-scale" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Daily Sabah</a></em>, recent excavations within one of those properties has unearthed a unique set of 1,600-year-old artifacts that is offering new insight into commercial life in the city and its standardized system of weights and measures. Archaeologists from Turkey’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism and Mersin University discovered a complete balance scale and five iron weights that appear to be shaped like the Greek letters, beta, gamma, sigma, psi, and omega. The researchers believe each letter or symbol denoted a specific weight that would have been universally recognized by local or regional merchants. At the time, the unit of measurement was the “litra,” and the five weights range from half a litra to five litras, or about 5.3 ounces to 3.3 pounds. To read about an ancient city in southwestern Anatolia that was founded by at least the fourth century <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span>, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/march-april-2024/off-the-grid/becin-turkey/">Off the Grid: Beçin, Turkey</a>." </p>
  42. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/unique-weights-shaped-like-greek-letters-unearthed/">Unique Weights Shaped Like Greek Letters Unearthed</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  43. ]]></content:encoded>
  47. </item>
  48. <item>
  49. <title>Ingenious Neanderthal Bone Tool Found in Belgian Cave</title>
  50. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/ingenious-neanderthal-bone-tool-found-in-belgian-cave/</link>
  52. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  53. <pubDate>Fri, 11 Jul 2025 17:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
  54. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  55. <category><![CDATA[Belgium]]></category>
  56. <category><![CDATA[bone tools]]></category>
  57. <category><![CDATA[cave lion]]></category>
  58. <category><![CDATA[Neanderthal]]></category>
  59. <category><![CDATA[Scladina Cave]]></category>
  60. <category><![CDATA[Swiss Army knife]]></category>
  61. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51693</guid>
  62.  
  63. <description><![CDATA[<p>SCLADINA CAVE, BELGIUM—Evidence continues to mount that Neanderthals were a much more intelligent species than [&#8230;]</p>
  64. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/ingenious-neanderthal-bone-tool-found-in-belgian-cave/">Ingenious Neanderthal Bone Tool Found in Belgian Cave</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  65. ]]></description>
  66. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e4227f&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image alignleft size-large wp-lightbox-container"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="998" height="1024" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Belgium-Neanderthal-Bone-Tools-998x1024.jpg" alt="Four bone retouchers (A&ndash;D) carved from a cave lion tibia (E)" class="wp-image-51725" data-image-credit="Abrams et al. 2025, Scientific Reports" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Belgium-Neanderthal-Bone-Tools-998x1024.jpg 998w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Belgium-Neanderthal-Bone-Tools-292x300.jpg 292w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Belgium-Neanderthal-Bone-Tools-768x788.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Belgium-Neanderthal-Bone-Tools.jpg 1169w" sizes="(max-width: 998px) 100vw, 998px" /><button
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  79. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Four bone retouchers (A&ndash;D) carved from a cave lion tibia (E)</figcaption></figure>
  80.  
  81.  
  82.  
  83. <p>SCLADINA CAVE, BELGIUM—Evidence continues to mount that Neanderthals were a much more intelligent species than scientists originally suspected. <em><a href="https://www.popsci.com/science/neanderthal-bone-tool/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Popular Science</a></em> reports that archaeologists uncovered a remarkable, multifunctional tool from Belgium's Scladina Cave. The utensil was fashioned from the tibia of an extinct cave lion 130,000 years ago and had four different functional components. Researchers believe that it may have originally been created for use in tasks such as chiseling, but as some of the points wore down, they were reshaped and repurposed for other jobs, such as sharpening and retouching flints. According to the report, the team stated that “the intentional transformation of lion bones into functional tools highlights Neanderthals’ cognitive skills, adaptability, and capacity for resource utilization beyond their immediate survival needs.” Read the original scholarly article about this research in <em><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08588-w" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Scientific Reports</a></em>. For more, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/november-december-2013/digs-discoveries/neanderthal-tools-suggest-two-traditions-in-europe/">Neanderthal Tool Time</a>."<br>&nbsp;</p>
  84. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/ingenious-neanderthal-bone-tool-found-in-belgian-cave/">Ingenious Neanderthal Bone Tool Found in Belgian Cave</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  85. ]]></content:encoded>
  89. </item>
  90. <item>
  91. <title>New Discoveries from Famed Antikythera Shipwreck</title>
  92. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/new-discoveries-from-famed-antikythera-shipwreck/</link>
  94. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  95. <pubDate>Fri, 11 Jul 2025 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  96. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  97. <category><![CDATA[Antikythera]]></category>
  98. <category><![CDATA[Antikythera Mechanism]]></category>
  99. <category><![CDATA[boat building]]></category>
  100. <category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
  101. <category><![CDATA[mortar]]></category>
  102. <category><![CDATA[shipwreck]]></category>
  103. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51697</guid>
  104.  
  105. <description><![CDATA[<p>ANTIKYTHERA, GREECE—According to a statement released by The Swiss School of <span class="small-caps"><span class="small-caps-first-letter">A</span>RCHAEOLOGY</span> in Greece, renewed [&#8230;]</p>
  106. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/new-discoveries-from-famed-antikythera-shipwreck/">New Discoveries from Famed Antikythera Shipwreck</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  107. ]]></description>
  108. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e433c6&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image alignleft size-large wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="945" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Marble-Foot-1024x945.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-51712" data-image-credit="&copy; ESAG / UNIGE" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Marble-Foot-1024x945.jpg 1024w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Marble-Foot-300x277.jpg 300w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Marble-Foot-768x709.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Marble-Foot.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><button
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  121. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Marble foot</figcaption></figure>
  122.  
  123.  
  124.  
  125. <p>ANTIKYTHERA, GREECE—According to a statement released by <a href="https://www.esag.swiss/antikythera2025/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece</a>, renewed investigation into the Antikythera shipwreck has provided several new details about the ship and its cargo. The ship sank around 65 <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> and was first discovered in 1900. On repeated dives over the past 120 years, underwater archaeologists have retrieved hundreds of artifacts, dozens of statues, and most famously the Antikythera Mechanism, sometimes referred to as the world’s first analog computer. Recent recovery of fragments of the hull yielded new information about the vessel’s design and ancient shipbuilding. Archaeologists found three outer planks still joined to an internal frame, signaling that the ship had been built using the “shell-first” construction method, in which an outer shell is built before the internal structures. This was a popular technique in the Mediterranean between the fourth and first centuries <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> Analysis of the wood indicated that the ship was built using both elm and oak. Other discoveries included the marble foot of a male statue, amphoras from the island of Chios, and a sprouted terracotta mortar. This would have been used by the ship’s crew for crushing or mixing food and provides rare evidence of the culinary practices onboard. For more on the wreck, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/january-february-2017/collection/greece-antikythera-skeleton/top-10-discoveries-of-2016/">Antikythera Man</a>," one of <span class="small-caps"><span class="small-caps-first-letter">A</span>RCHAEOLOGY</span>'s Top 10 Discoveries of 2016.</p>
  126.  
  127.  
  128. <figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e4381a&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="211" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Hull-Plank-1024x211.jpg" alt="Wooden plank from ship hull" class="wp-image-51711" data-image-credit="&copy; ESAG / UNIGE" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Hull-Plank-1024x211.jpg 1024w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Hull-Plank-300x62.jpg 300w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Hull-Plank-768x158.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250711-Greece-Antikythera-Hull-Plank.jpg 1500w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><button
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  140. </svg>
  141. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Wooden plank from ship hull</figcaption></figure>
  142. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/11/new-discoveries-from-famed-antikythera-shipwreck/">New Discoveries from Famed Antikythera Shipwreck</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  143. ]]></content:encoded>
  147. </item>
  148. <item>
  149. <title>Severed Bow of U.S. Navy Cruiser Located Off Guadalcanal</title>
  150. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/severed-bow-of-u-s-navy-cruiser-located-off-guadalcanal/</link>
  152. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  153. <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jul 2025 18:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  154. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  155. <category><![CDATA[Guadalcanal]]></category>
  156. <category><![CDATA[USS New Orleans]]></category>
  157. <category><![CDATA[World War II]]></category>
  158. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51687</guid>
  159.  
  160. <description><![CDATA[<p>HONIARA, SOLOMON ISLANDS—Ocean Exploration Trust announced that a team of scientists, explorers, and archaeologists located [&#8230;]</p>
  161. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/severed-bow-of-u-s-navy-cruiser-located-off-guadalcanal/">Severed Bow of U.S. Navy Cruiser Located Off Guadalcanal</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  162. ]]></description>
  163. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e446f1&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image alignleft size-large wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="826" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-USS-New-Orleans-Missing-Bow-1024x826.jpg" alt="Archival photo of USS New Orleans in Tulagi Harbor, missing its bow after the explosion" class="wp-image-51703" data-image-credit="US National Archives" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-USS-New-Orleans-Missing-Bow-1024x826.jpg 1024w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-USS-New-Orleans-Missing-Bow-300x242.jpg 300w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-USS-New-Orleans-Missing-Bow-768x620.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-USS-New-Orleans-Missing-Bow.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><button
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  175. </svg>
  176. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Archival photo of USS <em>New Orleans</em> in Tulagi Harbor, missing its bow after the explosion</figcaption></figure>
  177.  
  178.  
  179.  
  180. <p>HONIARA, SOLOMON ISLANDS—<a href="https://nautiluslive.org/video/2025/07/08/severed-bow-uss-new-orleans-discovered-iron-bottom-sound" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ocean Exploration Trust</a> announced that a team of scientists, explorers, and archaeologists located the severed bow of the USS <em>New Orleans</em> deep in the waters off Guadalcanal. In November 1942, during World War II’s Battle of Tassaforonga, the cruiser was struck by a Japanese torpedo, which tore off nearly one-third of the ship. Although the explosion killed 180 onboard, the remaining crew somehow kept the vessel afloat using coconut logs, and eventually guided it safely back to the United States for repairs. The detached and sunken part of the ship was first detected by the E/V <em>Nautilus</em>. A team of experts confirmed the wreckage’s identity as the <em>New Orleans</em> by examining details of its design, painting, and anchor. It lies on the seafloor amongst a veritable underwater graveyard of lost World War II ships and airplanes known as the Iron Bottom Sound. During the five-month-long Guadalcanal campaign, Allied Forces and the Empire of Japan lost over 20,000 lives, 111 naval vessels, and 1,450 planes. “To find the bow of this ship is an opportunity to remember the sacrifice of this valiant crew, even on one of the worst nights in U.S. Navy history,” said retired Rear Admiral Samuel J. Cox, director of the Naval History and Heritage Command. To read about the discovery of a U.S. aircraft carrier's wreckage near the Solomon Islands, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/may-june-2019/digs-discoveries/trenches-solomon-islands-wwii-hornet/">Understanding Hornet's Fate</a>."<br> </p>
  181. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/severed-bow-of-u-s-navy-cruiser-located-off-guadalcanal/">Severed Bow of U.S. Navy Cruiser Located Off Guadalcanal</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  182. ]]></content:encoded>
  186. </item>
  187. <item>
  188. <title>New Evidence Alludes to Military Conflict at Ancient Troy</title>
  189. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/new-evidence-alludes-to-military-conflict-at-ancient-troy/</link>
  191. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  192. <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jul 2025 17:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
  193. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  194. <category><![CDATA[Bronze Age]]></category>
  195. <category><![CDATA[Hisarlik]]></category>
  196. <category><![CDATA[Homer]]></category>
  197. <category><![CDATA[sling stone]]></category>
  198. <category><![CDATA[Trojan War]]></category>
  199. <category><![CDATA[Troy]]></category>
  200. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51689</guid>
  201.  
  202. <description><![CDATA[<p>ÇANAKKALE, TURKEY—Since the rediscovery of ancient Troy at the site of Hisarlik in the nineteenth [&#8230;]</p>
  203. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/new-evidence-alludes-to-military-conflict-at-ancient-troy/">New Evidence Alludes to Military Conflict at Ancient Troy</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  204. ]]></description>
  205. <content:encoded><![CDATA[
  206. <p>ÇANAKKALE, TURKEY—Since the rediscovery of ancient Troy at the site of Hisarlik in the nineteenth century, archaeologists have often debated whether the Trojan War—the mythical conflict made famous by Homer’s ancient poems the <em>Iliad</em> and the <em>Odyssey</em>—was based on an actual event. Some evidence of military conflict has previously been uncovered at the site, but not enough to fully convince all scholars that a 10-year war took place there between the Greeks and the Trojans. <em><a href="https://www.turkiyetoday.com/culture/archaeologists-dig-deeper-into-possible-traces-of-trojan-war-in-turkiyes-legendary-ci-3203948" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Türkiye Today</a></em> reports that new excavations led by Rüstem Aslan of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University are hoping to address this dispute. The team is currently investigating layers known as Troy 6 and Troy 7, which date to the thirteenth century <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> during the Late Bronze Age, the purported era of the Trojan War. These strata contain evidence, including burnt deposits and haphazardly buried skeletons, that the city was violently sacked at this time. Recent work in this area has unearthed additional new clues, such as a pile of small pebbles buried just outside the palace walls. These stones were used as ammunition for slings, a common weapon for soldiers during the Bronze Age. “The fact that so many sling stones were uncovered in such a small area in front of the palace points to an activity related to defense or assault,” Aslan said. Whether they are truly from an epic contest that spawned the legend of the Trojan War will have to await further investigation. To read about other recent research on material from Troy, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/july-august-2025/world/?location=turkey-4">Around the World: Turkey</a>."</p>
  207. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/new-evidence-alludes-to-military-conflict-at-ancient-troy/">New Evidence Alludes to Military Conflict at Ancient Troy</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  208. ]]></content:encoded>
  212. </item>
  213. <item>
  214. <title>Major Celtic Settlement Discovered in Czech Republic</title>
  215. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/major-celtic-settlement-discovered-in-czech-republic/</link>
  217. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  218. <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jul 2025 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  219. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  220. <category><![CDATA[Amber Road]]></category>
  221. <category><![CDATA[Bohemia]]></category>
  222. <category><![CDATA[Celtic]]></category>
  223. <category><![CDATA[Czech Repubic]]></category>
  224. <category><![CDATA[Hradec Kralove]]></category>
  225. <category><![CDATA[La Tene]]></category>
  226. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51685</guid>
  227.  
  228. <description><![CDATA[<p>HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ, CZECH REPUBLIC—Prior to construction of a highway through eastern Bohemia, archaeologists unearthed a [&#8230;]</p>
  229. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/major-celtic-settlement-discovered-in-czech-republic/">Major Celtic Settlement Discovered in Czech Republic</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  230. ]]></description>
  231. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e45dc4&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image alignleft size-full wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="776" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Settlement-Aerial.jpg" alt="Aerial view of settlement, Hradec Kr&aacute;lov&eacute;, Czech Republic" class="wp-image-51700" data-image-credit="Ludmila N&#283;mcov&aacute;, University of Hradec Kr&aacute;lov&eacute;" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Settlement-Aerial.jpg 1024w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Settlement-Aerial-300x227.jpg 300w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Settlement-Aerial-768x582.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><button
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  243. </svg>
  244. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Aerial view of Celtic settlement, Hradec Kr&aacute;lov&eacute;, Czech Republic</figcaption></figure>
  245.  
  246.  
  247.  
  248. <p>HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ, CZECH REPUBLIC—Prior to construction of a highway through eastern Bohemia, archaeologists unearthed a 2,000-year-old Celtic settlement that is being called one of the most significant archaeological discoveries in Czech history, reports <em><a href="https://english.radio.cz/unique-celtic-settlement-discovered-near-hradec-kralove-8856300" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Radio Prague International</a></em>. Located outside of Hradec Králové, the site is spread across 65 acres, making it more than 10 times larger than most sites in the area at the time, and comparable with the largest Celtic sites found in all of central Europe. The settlement was likely built by the Celtic Boii tribe, from which the name Bohemia derives, and was a major regional center of commerce, production, and administration beginning in the third century <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> Over 13,000 bags of artifacts were recovered, and archaeologists have identified evidence of pottery manufacturing, glass processing, and coin minting. The presence of Baltic amber, large quantities of gold and silver coins, and high-quality ceramics has led experts to believe that the site was likely a stop on the famous Amber Road, a major trade and communication route connecting the Baltic and Mediterranean Seas. For unknown reasons, the settlement declined in the first century <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span>, perhaps due to changing economic or environmental conditions, since there are no signs of its violent destruction. To read about Celtic gold coins uncovered in northeastern Germany, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/may-june-2022/digs-discoveries/digs-germany-rainbow-cups/">Golden Lucky Charms</a>."</p>
  249.  
  250.  
  251. <figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e4625d&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Gold-Coin-1024x683.jpg" alt="Celtic gold coin" class="wp-image-51699" data-image-credit="University of Hradec Kr&aacute;lov&eacute;" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Gold-Coin-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Gold-Coin-300x200.jpg 300w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Gold-Coin-768x512.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250710-Czech-Republic-Celtic-Gold-Coin.jpg 1500w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><button
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  263. </svg>
  264. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Celtic gold coin</figcaption></figure>
  265. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/10/major-celtic-settlement-discovered-in-czech-republic/">Major Celtic Settlement Discovered in Czech Republic</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  266. ]]></content:encoded>
  270. </item>
  271. <item>
  272. <title>Oldest Greek Marble Altar in Western Mediterranean Uncovered</title>
  273. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/oldest-greek-marble-altar-in-western-mediterranean-uncovered/</link>
  275. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  276. <pubDate>Wed, 09 Jul 2025 18:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  277. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  278. <category><![CDATA[altar]]></category>
  279. <category><![CDATA[Casas del Turuñuelo]]></category>
  280. <category><![CDATA[Greek]]></category>
  281. <category><![CDATA[Iberia]]></category>
  282. <category><![CDATA[marble]]></category>
  283. <category><![CDATA[Spain]]></category>
  284. <category><![CDATA[tartessians]]></category>
  285. <category><![CDATA[tartessos]]></category>
  286. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51658</guid>
  287.  
  288. <description><![CDATA[<p>CASAS DEL TURUÑUELO, SPAIN—A fragment of marble column dating to the fifth century <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> unearthed [&#8230;]</p>
  289. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/oldest-greek-marble-altar-in-western-mediterranean-uncovered/">Oldest Greek Marble Altar in Western Mediterranean Uncovered</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  290. ]]></description>
  291. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e47170&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image alignleft size-large wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="538" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Spain-Turunuelo-Marble-Column-Fragment-In-Situ-1024x538.jpg" alt="Archaeologists uncover the marble column fragment at Casas del Turunuelo, Spain." class="wp-image-51677" data-image-credit="Project Construyendo Tarteso" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Spain-Turunuelo-Marble-Column-Fragment-In-Situ-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Spain-Turunuelo-Marble-Column-Fragment-In-Situ-300x158.jpg 300w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Spain-Turunuelo-Marble-Column-Fragment-In-Situ-768x403.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Spain-Turunuelo-Marble-Column-Fragment-In-Situ.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><button
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  301. <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="12" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 12 12">
  302. <path fill="#fff" d="M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z" />
  303. </svg>
  304. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Archaeologists uncover the marble column fragment at Casas del Turu&ntilde;uelo, Spain.</figcaption></figure>
  305.  
  306.  
  307.  
  308. <p>CASAS DEL TURUÑUELO, SPAIN—A fragment of marble column dating to the fifth century <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> unearthed at the site of Casas del Turuñuelo in southwestern Spain is believed to be part of the oldest Greek altar ever found in the western Mediterranean, according to the <em><a href="https://greekreporter.com/2025/07/05/spain-oldest-greek-marble-altar-western-mediterranean/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Greek Reporter</a></em>. First discovered a decade ago, Turuñuelo was founded by the enigmatic Iron Age Tartessian culture, which flourished in southern Iberia between the eighth and fifth centuries <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> Analysis of the marble stone indicated that it was quarried from the island of Maramara, in present-day Turkey. Lead archaeologists Esther Rodríguez González and Sebastián Celestino Pérez said that while other Greek marble pieces have been found in coastal areas, this is the only known example made from Asian marble found so far inland in Spain. The marble column, which would have originally stood around five feet high, was found alongside Greek drinking cups made in Athens, suggesting that the Tartessians not only had trade contacts with the Greek world but were also influenced by Greek culture. To read about a necropolis near Granada where people were interred more than 7,000 years ago, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/march-april-2025/digs-discoveries/iberian-gender-imbalance/">Iberian Gender Imbalance</a>."<br> </p>
  309. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/oldest-greek-marble-altar-in-western-mediterranean-uncovered/">Oldest Greek Marble Altar in Western Mediterranean Uncovered</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  310. ]]></content:encoded>
  314. </item>
  315. <item>
  316. <title>Scotland&#039;s Largest Early Neolithic Timber Hall Unearthed</title>
  317. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/scotlands-largest-early-neolithic-timber-hall-unearthed/</link>
  319. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  320. <pubDate>Wed, 09 Jul 2025 17:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
  321. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  322. <category><![CDATA[carnoustie]]></category>
  323. <category><![CDATA[Neolithic]]></category>
  324. <category><![CDATA[Scotland]]></category>
  325. <category><![CDATA[timber hall]]></category>
  326. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51656</guid>
  327.  
  328. <description><![CDATA[<p>CARNOUSTIE, SCOTLAND—Scottish archaeologists recently unearthed the largest ancient timber building ever found in the country, [&#8230;]</p>
  329. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/scotlands-largest-early-neolithic-timber-hall-unearthed/">Scotland&#039;s Largest Early Neolithic Timber Hall Unearthed</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  330. ]]></description>
  331. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e48045&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image alignleft size-full wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="768" height="961" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Scotland-Carnoustie-Polished-Axe.jpg" alt="Different views of a Neolithic polished ax from Carnoustie" class="wp-image-51676" data-image-credit="GUARD Archaeology" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Scotland-Carnoustie-Polished-Axe.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Scotland-Carnoustie-Polished-Axe-240x300.jpg 240w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" /><button
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  343. </svg>
  344. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Different views of a Neolithic polished ax from Carnoustie</figcaption></figure>
  345.  
  346.  
  347.  
  348. <p>CARNOUSTIE, SCOTLAND—Scottish archaeologists recently unearthed the largest ancient timber building ever found in the country, reports <em><a href="https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/25294529.carnoustie-dig-uncovers-huge-timber-building-older-stonehenge/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Herald Scotland</a></em>. The discovery was made by a team from GUARD Archaeology working at a construction site for the local high school’s new soccer fields. The monumental 115-foot-long hall dates to around 4000 <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span>, making it 1,000 years older than Stonehenge. Its design features wattle-and-daub walls, huge roof beams, and an interior space divided by postholes and narrow channels. Researchers believe that it was built by one of the earliest groups of farmers to colonize today’s Scottish territory. It may have been used for sacred ceremonies, as they found stone artifacts such as axes ritually buried within its walls. Unlike other Neolithic timber halls found in Scotland, this was not a standalone structure. A second building measuring 65 feet long was also uncovered nearby. Excavations within this smaller hall revealed a large hearth with charred cereal grains and hazelnut shells, suggesting it served a domestic function. “The availability of hazelnuts in autumn is a strong indicator that that season was an important one for meeting, feasting and celebrating,” said archaeologist Beverley Ballin Smith. “The Carnoustie timber halls may have been a focal point, their significance great enough to attract people from a much wider area.” Read the original scholarly article about this research in <em><a href="https://archaeologyreportsonline.com/reports/2025/ARO60.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Archaeology Reports Online</a>.</em> To read about a Viking hall unearthed on the Scottish island of Rousay, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/january-february-2020/digs-discoveries/digs-scotland-rousay-viking-hall/">Skoal!</a>"</p>
  349. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/scotlands-largest-early-neolithic-timber-hall-unearthed/">Scotland&#039;s Largest Early Neolithic Timber Hall Unearthed</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  350. ]]></content:encoded>
  354. </item>
  355. <item>
  356. <title>3,500-Year-Old City Located in Peruvian Andes</title>
  357. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/3500-year-old-city-located-in-peruvian-andes/</link>
  359. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  360. <pubDate>Wed, 09 Jul 2025 17:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  361. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  362. <category><![CDATA[Andes Mountains]]></category>
  363. <category><![CDATA[Caral]]></category>
  364. <category><![CDATA[Peñico]]></category>
  365. <category><![CDATA[Peru]]></category>
  366. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51664</guid>
  367.  
  368. <description><![CDATA[<p>PEÑICO, PERU—Reuters reports that Peruvian authorities announced the discovery of a major lost ancient city [&#8230;]</p>
  369. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/3500-year-old-city-located-in-peruvian-andes/">3,500-Year-Old City Located in Peruvian Andes</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  370. ]]></description>
  371. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<figure data-wp-context="{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;68735d7e496d6&quot;}" data-wp-interactive="core/image" class="wp-block-image alignleft size-large wp-lightbox-container"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="575" data-wp-class--hide="state.isContentHidden" data-wp-class--show="state.isContentVisible" data-wp-init="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async--click="actions.showLightbox" data-wp-on-async--load="callbacks.setButtonStyles" data-wp-on-async-window--resize="callbacks.setButtonStyles" src="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Peru-Penico-Plaza-1024x575.jpg" alt="Central plaza, Pe&ntilde;ico, Peru" class="wp-image-51674" data-image-credit="Peruvian Ministry of Culture" srcset="https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Peru-Penico-Plaza-1024x575.jpg 1024w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Peru-Penico-Plaza-300x168.jpg 300w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Peru-Penico-Plaza-768x431.jpg 768w, https://archaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/News-20250709-Peru-Penico-Plaza.jpg 1314w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><button
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  384. </button><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Central plaza, Pe&ntilde;ico, Peru</figcaption></figure>
  385.  
  386.  
  387.  
  388. <p>PEÑICO, PERU—<em><a href="https://www.reuters.com/science/archaeologists-peru-unveil-3500-year-old-city-that-linked-coast-andes-2025-07-03/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Reuters</a></em> reports that Peruvian authorities announced the discovery of a major lost ancient city in the country’s Barranca province. The site of Peñico was founded high in the Andes mountains between 1800 and 1500 <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span> following the collapse of the nearby Caral culture, which is often considered the oldest civilization in the Americas. The site features a monumental central plaza with a large circular structure and walls bearing relief sculptures and depictions of pututus, or conch shell trumpets. Over the past several years, archaeologists have uncovered 18 buildings that include residential complexes and ceremonial temples. Among the objects they recovered within the structures were human and animal figurines, ceremonial objects, and necklaces made from beads and seashells. The researchers believe that the site once served as a major trading hub between communities of the Pacific coast and cultures in the Andes Mountains or Amazon River Basin. “They were situated in a strategic location for trade, for exchange with societies from the coast, the highlands and the jungle,” said Ruth Shady Solís, director of the Caral Archaeological Zone. To read about a Caral site on the northern coast, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/july-august-2025/off-the-grid/vichama-peru/">Off the Grid: Vichama, Peru</a>."</p>
  389. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/09/3500-year-old-city-located-in-peruvian-andes/">3,500-Year-Old City Located in Peruvian Andes</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  390. ]]></content:encoded>
  394. </item>
  395. <item>
  396. <title>More Evidence Suggests Villa on Mount Vesuvius Belonged to Rome&#039;s First Emperor</title>
  397. <link>https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/08/more-evidence-suggests-villa-on-mount-vesuvius-belonged-to-romes-first-emperor/</link>
  399. <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jason Urbanus]]></dc:creator>
  400. <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 18:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
  401. <category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
  402. <category><![CDATA[Augustus]]></category>
  403. <category><![CDATA[Mount Vesuvius]]></category>
  404. <category><![CDATA[Roman baths]]></category>
  405. <category><![CDATA[Rome]]></category>
  406. <category><![CDATA[Somma Vesuviana]]></category>
  407. <category><![CDATA[villa]]></category>
  408. <guid isPermaLink="false">https://archaeology.org/?p=51646</guid>
  409.  
  410. <description><![CDATA[<p>SOMMA VESUVIANA, ITALY—Japanese archaeologists found further evidence that a large ancient villa buried on the [&#8230;]</p>
  411. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/08/more-evidence-suggests-villa-on-mount-vesuvius-belonged-to-romes-first-emperor/">More Evidence Suggests Villa on Mount Vesuvius Belonged to Rome&#039;s First Emperor</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  412. ]]></description>
  413. <content:encoded><![CDATA[
  414. <p>SOMMA VESUVIANA, ITALY—Japanese archaeologists found further evidence that a large ancient villa buried on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius in southern Italy may have belonged to the Roman emperor Augustus (reigned 27 <span class="small-caps">b.c.</span>–<span class="small-caps">a.d.</span> 14), <em><a href="https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20250701/p2g/00m/0na/071000c" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Mainichi</a></em> reports. The sprawling 40,000-square-foot property, which was buried by the <span class="small-caps">a.d.</span> 79 eruption of Mount Vesuvius, is located in an area where Augustus’ noble family is known to have had an estate. Archaeologists have been excavating the site at Somma Vesuviana for two decades, and while they have uncovered the remains of a luxurious villa that they suspect belonged to Augustus, there has been no indisputable evidence directly linking it to the emperor. However, a team from the University of Tokyo recently unearthed five large furnaces that were used to heat an enormous bath complex. Lead archaeologist Mariko Muramatsu believes that the structure is so large, it only could have been owned by the wealthy Augustus. “There has never been a case where five large furnaces have been excavated from an Italian site,” she said. “It makes sense as an explanation that no one else but the emperor could make such a magnificent feat possible.” For more, go to "<a href="https://archaeology.org/issues/september-october-2023/letters-from/vesuvius-dark-side/">Letter from Vesuvius: Digging on the Dark Side of the Volcano</a>."<br> </p>
  415. <p>The post <a href="https://archaeology.org/news/2025/07/08/more-evidence-suggests-villa-on-mount-vesuvius-belonged-to-romes-first-emperor/">More Evidence Suggests Villa on Mount Vesuvius Belonged to Rome&#039;s First Emperor</a> appeared first on <a href="https://archaeology.org">Archaeology Magazine</a>.</p>
  416. ]]></content:encoded>
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