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  22. <title>Landscape Photography Camera Settings</title>
  23. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/landscape-photography-camera-settings</link>
  24. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/landscape-photography-camera-settings#comments</comments>
  25. <pubDate>Wed, 13 Dec 2023 13:17:14 +0000</pubDate>
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  30. <description><![CDATA[Introduction When it comes to capturing stunning landscape photographs, having the right camera settings is crucial. The settings you choose can greatly affect the outcome of your images, from the exposure and depth of field to the overall sharpness and clarity. In this article, we will discuss some important camera settings that can help you [...]]]></description>
  31. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><![CDATA[<br />
  32. <article>
  33. <figure><img alt="Landscape Sunsets Best Guide To Camera Settings for Shooting Landscapes." src="https://i2.wp.com/static.photocdn.pt/images/articles/2017/04/28/iStock-614507060.jpg" _mce_src="https://i2.wp.com/static.photocdn.pt/images/articles/2017/04/28/iStock-614507060.jpg" width="100%" style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;" _mce_style="margin-right: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px;" /></figure>
  34. <p><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"></head><body></p>
  35. <h2>Introduction</h2>
  36. <p>When it comes to capturing stunning landscape photographs, having the right camera settings is crucial. The settings you choose can greatly affect the outcome of your images, from the exposure and depth of field to the overall sharpness and clarity. In this article, we will discuss some important camera settings that can help you achieve breathtaking landscape photographs in 2023.</p>
  37. <h2>1. Aperture</h2>
  38. <p>One of the most important camera settings for landscape photography is the aperture. A smaller aperture (higher f-number) such as f/11 or f/16 will result in a greater depth of field, keeping both the foreground and background in focus. This is ideal for capturing detailed landscapes with a lot of elements. However, if you want to create a shallow depth of field and blur the background, you can choose a larger aperture (lower f-number) such as f/2.8 or f/4.</p>
  39. <h2>2. Shutter Speed</h2>
  40. <p>The shutter speed determines how long the camera&#8217;s sensor is exposed to light. For landscape photography, using a tripod is highly recommended to avoid camera shake. With a stable setup, you can use slower shutter speeds, resulting in smooth waterfalls or soft clouds. However, if you want to capture fast-moving subjects such as waves or wildlife, you may need to increase the shutter speed to freeze the action.</p>
  41. <h2>3. ISO</h2>
  42. <p>ISO refers to the sensitivity of your camera&#8217;s sensor to light. For landscape photography, it is generally best to use a low ISO setting such as 100 or 200 to minimize noise and maintain image quality. However, in low-light situations or when you need to increase the shutter speed, you can raise the ISO accordingly. Just keep in mind that higher ISO values may introduce more noise into your images.</p>
  43. <h2>4. White Balance</h2>
  44. <p>White balance determines the overall color temperature of your images. The correct white balance setting can make a significant difference in landscape photography. You can choose from pre-set white balance options such as daylight, cloudy, or shade, or manually adjust the temperature to achieve the desired effect. Experimenting with different white balance settings can help you capture the mood and atmosphere of the scene accurately.</p>
  45. <h2>5. Focus</h2>
  46. <p>When shooting landscapes, it is often recommended to use manual focus to ensure sharpness throughout the scene. Use the camera&#8217;s Live View mode to zoom in and manually focus on a specific point, such as a prominent rock or tree. Additionally, using a small aperture can increase the depth of field, giving you a larger area in focus.</p>
  47. <h2>6. Use a Tripod</h2>
  48. <p>A sturdy tripod is an essential tool for landscape photography. It allows you to keep your camera steady during long exposures or when using smaller apertures. Using a tripod also enables you to compose your shots more precisely and make adjustments without having to hold the camera all the time.</p>
  49. <h2>7. Use a Remote Shutter Release</h2>
  50. <p>A remote shutter release or a timer can further reduce camera shake when shooting landscapes. By using a remote shutter release, you can prevent any movement caused by pressing the camera&#8217;s shutter button. This is particularly useful when using slower shutter speeds or capturing long-exposure shots.</p>
  51. <h2>8. Shoot in RAW</h2>
  52. <p>Shooting in RAW format gives you more flexibility in post-processing. RAW files contain more data and allow you to make adjustments to exposure, white balance, and other settings without sacrificing image quality. This is especially beneficial when dealing with challenging lighting conditions or when you want to bring out the details in shadows and highlights.</p>
  53. <h2>9. Bracketing</h2>
  54. <p>Bracketing involves taking multiple shots of the same scene at different exposures. This technique can be useful in landscape photography, especially when dealing with high contrast scenes. By capturing a series of bracketed shots, you can later merge them in post-processing to create a well-exposed final image with details in both the highlights and shadows.</p>
  55. <h2>10. Experiment and Practice</h2>
  56. <p>Lastly, don&#8217;t be afraid to experiment with different camera settings and techniques. Landscape photography is a creative process, and the more you practice, the better you will become. Take the time to explore different compositions, lighting conditions, and camera settings to develop your unique style and capture stunning landscape photographs.</p>
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  61. <item>
  62. <title>Fashion Photography Studio Setups</title>
  63. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/fashion-photography-studio-setups</link>
  64. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/fashion-photography-studio-setups#comments</comments>
  65. <pubDate>Wed, 13 Dec 2023 13:12:45 +0000</pubDate>
  66. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  67. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  68.  
  69. <guid isPermaLink="false">http://rrfmlln.info/?p=64</guid>
  70. <description><![CDATA[Introduction Fashion photography is a captivating art form that requires meticulous attention to detail, creativity, and the right studio setup. Whether you are a professional fashion photographer or an aspiring one, having a well-equipped studio can make a world of difference in capturing stunning images. In this article, we will explore some essential elements of [...]]]></description>
  71. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><![CDATA[<br />
  72. <article>
  73. <figure><img alt="Fashion Photography Studio Lighting Setup Geko Life" src="https://i2.wp.com/neilvn.com/tangents/images/photo-session/fashion-catalog/studio-photography-BTS-lighting-setup_0623.jpg" _mce_src="https://i2.wp.com/neilvn.com/tangents/images/photo-session/fashion-catalog/studio-photography-BTS-lighting-setup_0623.jpg" width="100%" style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;" _mce_style="margin-right: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px;" /></figure>
  74. <h2>Introduction</h2>
  75. <p>Fashion photography is a captivating art form that requires meticulous attention to detail, creativity, and the right studio setup. Whether you are a professional fashion photographer or an aspiring one, having a well-equipped studio can make a world of difference in capturing stunning images. In this article, we will explore some essential elements of a fashion photography studio setup that can help you achieve outstanding results.</p>
  76. <h2>The Right Lighting</h2>
  77. <p>Lighting is the backbone of any photography studio, and fashion photography is no exception. One popular lighting setup is the three-point lighting technique, which involves using a key light, fill light, and backlight. This setup helps create a sense of depth, highlights the subject&#8217;s features, and adds dimension to the images. Additionally, investing in high-quality lighting equipment, such as strobe lights or continuous lights, can elevate the overall quality of your fashion photographs.</p>
  78. <h3>Backdrop and Props</h3>
  79. <p>Choosing the right backdrop and props can significantly impact the mood and aesthetic of your fashion photographs. A seamless backdrop in a neutral color, such as white or gray, allows the focus to remain on the model and the clothing. However, experimenting with different backdrops, such as textured fabrics or vibrant colors, can add a unique touch to your images. Props, such as chairs, mirrors, or fashion accessories, can also enhance the overall composition and storytelling element of your photographs.</p>
  80. <h3>Camera and Lenses</h3>
  81. <p>Investing in a high-quality camera and lenses is essential for capturing crisp and detailed fashion photographs. A full-frame DSLR or mirrorless camera with a high-resolution sensor can ensure that you capture every intricate detail of the clothing and the model. When it comes to lenses, prime lenses with wide apertures, such as 50mm or 85mm, are popular choices among fashion photographers. These lenses allow for beautiful bokeh and shallow depth of field, resulting in stunning portraits.</p>
  82. <h3>Reflectors and Diffusers</h3>
  83. <p>Reflectors and diffusers are invaluable tools in fashion photography as they help control and manipulate light. Reflectors bounce light back onto the subject, reducing shadows and creating a more even lighting setup. On the other hand, diffusers soften harsh light, creating a more flattering and natural look. Having a variety of reflectors and diffusers in different sizes and shapes can give you more flexibility in shaping the lighting to suit your creative vision.</p>
  84. <h3>Makeup and Styling Area</h3>
  85. <p>A well-equipped makeup and styling area is crucial for fashion photography studios. It allows the model, makeup artist, and stylist to have a dedicated space to work their magic. Ensure that the area is well-lit, has a comfortable seating arrangement, and is stocked with essential makeup and styling products. Having a full-length mirror is also beneficial for the model to check their poses and outfits before each shot.</p>
  86. <h3>Posing Tools and Guides</h3>
  87. <p>Posing plays a vital role in fashion photography, and having posing tools and guides can assist both the photographer and the model. Mannequins or dress forms can be useful for prepping outfits and visualizing poses. Additionally, having pose references, such as magazines or online resources, can help inspire new ideas and create dynamic compositions. Clear communication and guidance between the photographer and the model are key to capturing the desired aesthetic.</p>
  88. <h3>Editing and Viewing Area</h3>
  89. <p>An editing and viewing area is essential for fashion photographers to review and edit their images. Invest in a color-calibrated monitor to ensure accurate color representation. Additionally, having a comfortable seating arrangement and a spacious desk will enable you to work efficiently. Organize your editing software and files in a systematic manner to streamline your workflow and save time during post-processing.</p>
  90. <h3>Storage and Backup Solutions</h3>
  91. <p>With fashion photography generating a large volume of high-resolution images, having reliable storage and backup solutions is crucial. Invest in external hard drives or cloud-based storage to securely store your images. Regularly backup your files to prevent any loss due to technical failures or accidents. Implement an organized file naming and folder structure system to easily locate and retrieve specific photographs when needed.</p>
  92. <h3>Comfortable Shooting Space</h3>
  93. <p>Creating a comfortable shooting space for both the photographer and the model is essential. Ensure that the studio is properly ventilated and has adequate heating or cooling systems. Investing in comfortable seating options and providing refreshments can make long photoshoots more enjoyable for everyone involved. Additionally, having ample space to move around and set up equipment without any restrictions is crucial for capturing dynamic and engaging fashion photographs.</p>
  94. <h2>Conclusion</h2>
  95. <p>A well-equipped fashion photography studio setup can significantly enhance the quality and creativity of your images. From lighting and backdrops to cameras and posing tools, every element plays a crucial role in capturing stunning fashion photographs. By investing in the right equipment and creating a comfortable shooting environment, you can unleash your creativity and produce breathtaking images that stand out in the competitive world of fashion photography.</p>
  96. ]]></content:encoded>
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  100. <item>
  101. <title>Fine Art Photography Prints And Exhibitions In 2023</title>
  102. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/fine-art-photography-prints-and-exhibitions-in-2023</link>
  103. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/fine-art-photography-prints-and-exhibitions-in-2023#comments</comments>
  104. <pubDate>Wed, 13 Dec 2023 13:09:03 +0000</pubDate>
  105. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  106. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  107.  
  108. <guid isPermaLink="false">http://rrfmlln.info/?p=62</guid>
  109. <description><![CDATA[Introduction Welcome to the world of fine art photography prints and exhibitions in the year 2023. This article will provide you with insights into the current trends, tips, and reviews on this captivating form of art. Whether you are a photography enthusiast or someone looking to appreciate the beauty of visual storytelling, this article is [...]]]></description>
  110. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><![CDATA[<br />
  111. <article>
  112. <figure><img alt="More than 30 students inspire peers in photo exhibit The Collegiate Live" src="https://i2.wp.com/thecollegiatelive.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/2015.1.20-STUDENT-EXHIBITION-COLLINS-GALLERY_01.jpg" _mce_src="https://i2.wp.com/thecollegiatelive.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/2015.1.20-STUDENT-EXHIBITION-COLLINS-GALLERY_01.jpg" width="100%" style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 8px;" _mce_style="margin-right: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px;" /></figure>
  113. <h2>Introduction</h2>
  114. <p>Welcome to the world of fine art photography prints and exhibitions in the year 2023. This article will provide you with insights into the current trends, tips, and reviews on this captivating form of art. Whether you are a photography enthusiast or someone looking to appreciate the beauty of visual storytelling, this article is for you. Let&#8217;s dive in!</p>
  115. <h2>The Rise of Fine Art Photography</h2>
  116. <p>Fine art photography has gained immense popularity in recent years. It is a form of artistic expression that goes beyond capturing mere moments. Through careful composition, lighting, and editing techniques, photographers create stunning visual narratives that evoke emotions and convey powerful messages.</p>
  117. <h3>Exploring Various Styles</h3>
  118. <p>When it comes to fine art photography, there is no shortage of styles to explore. From minimalist black and white compositions to vibrant and surreal landscapes, each style offers a unique perspective. Some popular styles include documentary, conceptual, portrait, and street photography.</p>
  119. <h3>Printing Techniques</h3>
  120. <p>Printing fine art photography requires attention to detail to ensure the highest quality output. The choice of paper, ink, and printing technique plays a crucial role in preserving the essence of the artwork. Many photographers opt for archival pigment printing, which guarantees longevity and color accuracy.</p>
  121. <h2>Exhibitions and Galleries</h2>
  122. <p>Exhibiting fine art photography prints allows artists to showcase their work to a broader audience. In 2023, there are numerous galleries and exhibitions dedicated to this art form. These spaces provide an immersive experience, allowing viewers to appreciate the intricate details and emotions captured by the photographers.</p>
  123. <h3>International Photography Festivals</h3>
  124. <p>Photography festivals have become a hub for photographers, collectors, and art enthusiasts. These events showcase the best works from around the world, offering a platform for networking and collaboration. Some renowned photography festivals include Rencontres d&#8217;Arles in France, Photoville in New York, and the Singapore International Photography Festival.</p>
  125. <h3>Online Platforms</h3>
  126. <p>The digital age has revolutionized the way art is presented and consumed. Online platforms have made it easier for photographers to showcase their work to a global audience. Websites, social media platforms, and online galleries provide a convenient way for both established and emerging artists to gain recognition and sell their fine art photography prints.</p>
  127. <h2>Tips for Collectors</h2>
  128. <p>If you are interested in collecting fine art photography prints, here are a few tips to get you started:</p>
  129. <h3>Research and Educate Yourself</h3>
  130. <p>Before diving into the world of collecting, take the time to research different photographers, styles, and techniques. Educate yourself about the market trends and understand the value of each piece.</p>
  131. <h3>Visit Galleries and Exhibitions</h3>
  132. <p>Visiting galleries and exhibitions will help you develop an eye for fine art photography. Take your time to explore different works, speak with artists, and understand the stories behind each photograph.</p>
  133. <h3>Invest in Limited Edition Prints</h3>
  134. <p>Limited edition prints are highly sought after by collectors. These prints are usually numbered and signed by the artist, making them more valuable and exclusive. Keep an eye out for limited edition releases to add to your collection.</p>
  135. <h2>Conclusion</h2>
  136. <p>Fine art photography prints and exhibitions continue to captivate audiences in 2023. With a wide range of styles and printing techniques, photographers are pushing the boundaries of visual storytelling. Whether you are an artist, collector, or simply an admirer of this art form, the world of fine art photography offers endless possibilities for exploration and appreciation.</p>
  137. ]]></content:encoded>
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  140. </item>
  141. <item>
  142. <title>Mental Health Depression</title>
  143. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/mental-health-depression</link>
  144. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/mental-health-depression#comments</comments>
  145. <pubDate>Sun, 02 Apr 2023 01:25:50 +0000</pubDate>
  146. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  147. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  148. <category><![CDATA[Mental Health]]></category>
  149.  
  150. <guid isPermaLink="false">http://rrfmlln.info/?p=57</guid>
  151. <description><![CDATA[Mental health is really about how we think and feel about ourselves and the world around us, and about how we behave and interact with others in our day to day lives. It isn&#8217;t easy to define exactly what it means to have good mental health as people will interpret what it means to be [...]]]></description>
  152. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> Mental health is really about how we think and feel about ourselves and the world around us, and about how we behave and interact with others in our day to day lives.  It isn&#8217;t easy to define exactly what it means to have good mental health as people will interpret what it means to be mentally healthy in different ways.  On the other hand, there are some signs and symptoms that can indicate when someone has a mental health problem, when their mental functions are not performing as well as they could, and we see evidence of alternations in their thinking and behaviour.Take depression for example, even though there is no set pattern and each person will be affected differently; there are some simple clues that we can look out for.What it means to be depressedDepression is a lot more than feeling a bit fed up and down in the dumps, which is something we all experience from time to time and is a natural part of the ups and downs of life.  To be clinically depressed means that we cannot just shake off our low mood and get on with our lives, the depression persists and starts to interfere with our normal daily routines and we can no longer enjoy activities and pastimes that used to be pleasurable.o We may find it hard to get up in the morning to go to work or school, and we may have difficulty getting to sleep at night and when we do get to sleep, our sleep might be disturbedo Our relationships with family, friends and work colleagues can suffer and our self esteem may be low and we don&#8217;t feel good enougho We could find ourselves worrying constantly and feeling anxious and panicky for no particular reasono Our eating patterns can change and we could see fluctuations in our weight as we may eat a lot more or lose our appetiteo Maybe we are tearful and cry a lot, or we may find we cannot get in touch with our emotions and feel numb and unable to express our emotiono Some of us may become more aggressive and hostile or irritable for no real reasono  Life may seem too difficult and so we struggle to cope with even minor taskso We may feel guilty and worthy of blame and punishmento Our memory and concentration might not be as good as it was and we find it more and more difficult to make decisionso Other physical symptoms such as headaches, and various other aches and pains may convince us that we have something else wrong with usRegardless of the different ways that some of these symptoms can affect us, the main factors that point to depression are the same.  Major depression is likely to be diagnosed if the symptoms of depression have persisted for more than two weeks accompanied by low moods and a lack of pleasure in pursuits that were once enjoyed and the symptoms are severe enough to interfere with normal daily routines and activities.Who gets depressed?No one knows why some people become depressed and not others and there is no single known cause of depression either.  Depressive episodes can be triggered by biochemical, genetic, psychological, environmental and social factors or a combination of these.  What is known is that certain groups of people appear more at risk of developing depression than others.  These include the long term sick and disabled, those in poor living conditions, those with a history of depression in the family, the homeless, ethnic minorities and people in prison.  Sometimes life circumstances can trigger an episode of depression such as redundancy, retirement, divorce, bereavement, problems at work or financial difficulties.However, no one is immune to depression and someone can develop a depressive disorder even if they are not considered at greater risk. The reality is that any kind of mental health problem and depression can strike any one of us at any time of our lives.Getting well againOne of the biggest barriers to recovery for someone suffering from depression or indeed any mental health problem is a reluctance to seek help.  Many people are afraid of admitting that they cannot cope and so  try and deal with it on their own but the symptoms are unlikely to just disappear and will continue possibly for years without appropriate help and treatment.Any kind of mental health problem can be an intensely isolating experience as the individual concerned cannot help how they are feeling so the understanding and support of family and friends can be of enormous help for someone struggling to cope with their depression. However, the most important thing to remember is that depression is treatable and it is also fairly common.Your doctor is the best person to advise you on what treatment options are available as he or she will be able to make full medical assessment in order to obtain a correct diagnosis and can take into account any other contributory factors that might need dealt with.   Usually, treatment will consist of medication and perhaps some form of talking therapy or a combination of both. </p>
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  157. <item>
  158. <title>Experience Gifts &#8211; A Novel Way To Give Presents</title>
  159. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/experience-gifts-a-novel-way-to-give-presents</link>
  160. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/experience-gifts-a-novel-way-to-give-presents#comments</comments>
  161. <pubDate>Sat, 01 Apr 2023 21:20:47 +0000</pubDate>
  162. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  163. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  164. <category><![CDATA[Gifts]]></category>
  165.  
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  167. <description><![CDATA[If you have to buy a gift for someone, you might start wondering how to go about. Would the other person like your present? What if he already has the item you have chosen as a present for him? Wish you could think of a gift that would stand out. Such thought haunt you.Gift with [...]]]></description>
  168. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> If you have to buy a gift for someone, you might start wondering how to go about. Would the other person like your present? What if he already has the item you have chosen as a present for him? Wish you could think of a gift that would stand out. Such thought haunt you.Gift with a Difference &#8211; The Experience GiftThis is one gift that no one will ever dislike. You are presenting an experience, not a normal material gift. Exceptional experiences in life are remembered for a long time. The concept of this kind of gift involves giving happiness through a unique experience which could involve exciting moments or doing something which your loved one always wanted to do but could not do so for any reason, etc. Some examples of experience or adventure gifts are hot air balloon flights, Mediterranean cruise in a luxury liner, paragliding, etc.Different Kinds of Adventure Gifts These kinds of gifts are presented in the form of gift vouchers. If thrill is the gift you would like to present, then how about blood rushing acts like bungee jumping, or indoor space diving experience? There are many more adventurous experiences one can think of.Women may prefer romantic dinner on a Caribbean cruise on Valentine&#8217;s Day, biplane flights or over a city, even spa packages. For younger generation, there are experience gifts like go-karting.Gifts for all You can find adventure gifts for any age and any occasion. Thus, you can look for experience gifts that suit Valentine&#8217;s Day, Father&#8217; Day, Mother&#8217;s Day, Anniversary, Birthday, etc. Experience gift is one of the best ways to express your feelings towards the other person(s). While choosing a gift experience, keep the health status of the recipient in mind so as not to present an experience that he cannot enjoy.Where Can You Find Such Gifts You will find a number of companies that offer thrill based gifts on the internet. Look for a site that appeals to your requirements, e.g. it would be pointless to buy an experience gift in USA for someone living in Australia, unless it includes travel to USA.Buying such gifts on line is quite easy. Generally, you have to enroll as a member by registering on line. Scan the offers and add the one you like to your cart. Review all the experience based gifts you have selected, and proceed to make the payment &#8211; generally done through a credit card. Upon confirmation, the company will communicate with you or the recipient to arrange the event(s).One thing you may like to take note of is to look for a possibility of exchanging the chosen gift with another gift &#8211; in case the recipient wishes to do so.Experience gift is an unparalleled present. Make it more novel by opting to buy it from a sites that is committed to a social cause. That way you know that not only are you making the receiver of the gift happy, but you are also doing your bit for the betterment of the community. </p>
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  174. <title>Search Results</title>
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  177. <pubDate>Sat, 01 Apr 2023 14:57:13 +0000</pubDate>
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  189. <item>
  190. <title>How Do I Pick The Right Fitness Equipment?</title>
  191. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/how-do-i-pick-the-right-fitness-equipment</link>
  192. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/how-do-i-pick-the-right-fitness-equipment#comments</comments>
  193. <pubDate>Sat, 01 Apr 2023 10:52:53 +0000</pubDate>
  194. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  195. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  196. <category><![CDATA[Fitness Equipment]]></category>
  197.  
  198. <guid isPermaLink="false">http://rrfmlln.info/?p=51</guid>
  199. <description><![CDATA[When an exercise regime consists of more than just jogging, people will at some point want to invest in proper equipment. The kind of equipment they buy depends on several factors like how much they can afford to spend, the quality of the equipment and what purpose will it serve as part of their exercise [...]]]></description>
  200. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> When an exercise regime consists of more than just jogging, people will at some point want to invest in proper equipment. The kind of equipment they buy depends on several factors like how much they can afford to spend, the quality of the equipment and what purpose will it serve as part of their exercise program.Fitness equipment can range anywhere between 50 to 5000 dollars. Purchasing gym equipment depends mostly on commitment to exercise, budget and what ones typical workout routine is. Some people may be satisfied by just purchasing an exercise ball while others might require a fully equipped home gym.For those who are looking primarily to tone their body and build muscle, a set of free weights and a good quality bar is ideal. One can easily do chin and pull-ups, some floor exercises and basic weight training to get a satisfying and varied workout.It is important to think long term when purchasing fitness equipment. Try to buy equipment that is reliable and which will last you more than a few years. For example if you are looking for an exercise to do some spinning and get a great cardio workout in the process, try buying a bike that is solid and which will last longer.An important thing to keep in mind is how much space you have at home right now as well as expect to in the future to store this fitness equipment. A simple machine such as a cycle occupies only 10 square feet. However, a treadmill or a multi-station weight machine may occupy anywhere between 30 to a 100 square feet.If you are just starting out, then it is always recommended to try out different kinds of equipment made by various manufacturers so that you can find one that suits your routine and likes. Every individual has their own unique taste even in the kind of gym equipment they purchase.It is important to get equipment that can be adjusted to suit your size and body type. Try to get equipment that can adjusted in terms of length, weight etc. so that it can be used by more than one person at home. Adjustable equipment will also be advantageous over time if you want to increase the strength and endurance of your workout.Knowing how to use fitness equipment safely is a must, especially in order to avoid injury. Most multi-station fitness equipment come with the appropriate safety features. Do not be swayed by what sales people commonly suggest and choose equipment that will suit you needs instead.It is quite normal to experience mild discomfort when one is beginning or getting back to an exercise routine initially but if you continue to suffer extreme pain that means that you are either not doing something correctly or need to be guided in the proper technique of using the equipment.One needs to feel comfortable with the equipment they use. For example tread mills should come with adjustable handle bars according to ones height. Similarly, weight machines should have comfortable handlebars and a chair so that one doesn&#8217;t strain their back or neck muscles while using them.Do not hesitate to ask several questions or shop around till you find fitness equipment that you feel is suitable for your exercise needs. </p>
  201. ]]></content:encoded>
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  203. <slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
  204. </item>
  205. <item>
  206. <title>Turn the Effects of Aging Around With Anti Aging Nutrition</title>
  207. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/turn-the-effects-of-aging-around-with-anti-aging-nutrition</link>
  208. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/turn-the-effects-of-aging-around-with-anti-aging-nutrition#comments</comments>
  209. <pubDate>Fri, 31 Mar 2023 23:49:20 +0000</pubDate>
  210. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  211. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  212. <category><![CDATA[Fashion Design]]></category>
  213.  
  214. <guid isPermaLink="false">http://rrfmlln.info/?p=48</guid>
  215. <description><![CDATA[Looking after our health is one of the biggest responsibilities and obligations we have towards ourselves. Not only are we promoting good health to ensure that we will have a long life, but also to ensure that life is full of energy and happiness. While aging is an inevitable process that we will all have [...]]]></description>
  216. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> Looking after our health is one of the biggest responsibilities and obligations we have towards ourselves. Not only are we promoting good health to ensure that we will have a long life, but also to ensure that life is full of energy and happiness. While aging is an inevitable process that we will all have to face, we can prolong the effects it will have on our body with the right anti aging nutrition program.From the very moment we are conceived, our body needs nutrition, and this need becomes more pronounced as our body ages. As kids, we have been exposed to unhealthy food because we don&#8217;t know yet what&#8217;s good for us. But this food that we eat, ten, twenty, and even thirty years ago, can still have an adverse effect on our body. Some of them may still have some undigested waste built up in our body which has hardened and we couldn&#8217;t eliminate, making them a breeding ground for bacteria and harmful toxins. In fact, if we eat those types of foods in an advanced age, they may not be wholly digested at all.Older bodies need to fully digest the food they eat to be able to absorb all the nutrients contained in those foodstuff. And because the body is subjected to wear and tear, damages, and lower metabolism as it ages, it is more susceptible to diseases and ailments. Without the proper nutrients, the body&#8217;s immune system will be unable to have the strength and capabilities to ward off these health predicaments.Anti aging nutrition is all about getting the body to a level where it is able to get the nutrition it requires each day to keep it healthy and strong. This means getting into a diet that will greatly reduce, or eliminate totally the ingestion of harmful food, products, and chemicals which will damage the health of a person. This is an aspect of the anti aging process which involves the food we introduce to our body.An anti aging nutrition diet may vary from one person to another depending on their body&#8217;s needs and nutritional requirements. But basically, this type of nutrition diet involves eating more fresh fruits and leafy vegetables, whole grains, and more fish and less meat. This type of diet doesn&#8217;t only list down foods that are packed with essential nutrients, but they also come with antioxidants that eliminate toxins in the body which causes many of the effect of aging, like dry and sagging skin, and a weak resistance.You will also be adding more food that has high concentration of vitamins and minerals for boosting the body&#8217;s natural ability to rejuvenate and increasing the performance of its systems.Aside from the food we eat, anti aging nutrition can also receive great help from the natural supplements that are available in the market. They can come in various forms like pills, capsules, and drinks. What is essential though is that you should first consult with a professional to know what you really need. </p>
  217. ]]></content:encoded>
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  219. <slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
  220. </item>
  221. <item>
  222. <title>Business Travel Agents Tips: A Corporate Travellers&#8217; New York Airports Guide</title>
  223. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/business-travel-agents-tips-a-corporate-travellers-new-york-airports-guide</link>
  224. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/business-travel-agents-tips-a-corporate-travellers-new-york-airports-guide#comments</comments>
  225. <pubDate>Fri, 24 Feb 2023 11:08:54 +0000</pubDate>
  226. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  227. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  228. <category><![CDATA[Adventure Travel]]></category>
  229. <category><![CDATA[Airline Travel]]></category>
  230. <category><![CDATA[Budget Travel]]></category>
  231. <category><![CDATA[Charter Jets]]></category>
  232. <category><![CDATA[Travel Planning]]></category>
  233. <category><![CDATA[Vacation Homes]]></category>
  234.  
  235. <guid isPermaLink="false">http://rrfmlln.info/?p=46</guid>
  236. <description><![CDATA[New York City is one of the most popular key travel destinations for corporate travellers worldwide. The city is the center of much that&#8217;s great, dynamic and profitable in America. It is home of one of the world&#8217;s principal financial centres (i.e. anchored by Wall Street), and a popular business hub for the publishing and [...]]]></description>
  237. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> New York City is one of the most popular key travel destinations for corporate travellers worldwide. The city is the center of much that&#8217;s great, dynamic and profitable in America. It is home of one of the world&#8217;s principal financial centres (i.e. anchored by Wall Street), and a popular business hub for the publishing and entertainment industry at the same time. So, it&#8217;s no surprise it features three airports, Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR), LaGuardia Airport (LGA) and J. F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK). As a frequent corporate traveller you probably may have flown to one of the three New York airports at some point or another. With JFK being a major international gateway to the US, this city guide aims to provide some helpful travel agents tips for corporate travellers flying to or from JFK Airport.New York JFK Facts &#038; FiguresLocated about 25km away from Manhattan in Queens, JFK Airport is the largest airport in the state of New York and one of the busiest business travel hubs (over 50 million travellers/year) in the US and internationally. It has six operating terminals (numbered 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8; terminal 6 was demolished in 2011, Terminal 3 in 2013). Currently, the 4th runway is under redevelopment to comply with the needs of Group VI aircraft (until December 2015 as planned so far), which may cause delays, but measures are in place to minimise them, so you shouldn&#8217;t be too much affected. With more than 90 airlines arriving and departing from JFK, various business travel solutions for flights to New York can be arranged. Points of origin and destinations include places within the US, Canada, Latin America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Pacific, Australia/New Zealand, basically all over the world. The airport offers corporate travellers a choice of non-stop flights to about 100 international destinations which may prove convenient for your next business trip. However, JFK is very susceptible to weather-related delays due to its position. Corporate travellers are well advised to consider and prepare for possible thunderstorms in summer, causing delays across the US, as well as snow, icing and assorted slush throughout the winter season. For the months between June and November the risk of potential hurricanes is increased.In general, our business travel agents team advise leisure and corporate travellers to allow plenty of time for getting to and from JFK. Serious traffic incidents on the way between the city and the airport left many wondering whether they&#8217; would be able to make it in time or miss their flight. Furthermore, don&#8217;t forget that this is America. Therefore, bear in mind that the TSA rules supreme over security checkpoints. So, take a deep breath and take maybe a book with you or something else to keep you busy. Make sure you arrive early.Useful JFK terminal facilities for corporate travellers In most public areas within most terminals, corporate travellers will conveniently find that Wi-Fi is available for free for up to 30min. You can get online near the ticket counters, boarding gates, designated work stations and food courts. The Wi-Fi access is provided by Boingo Wireless Company. If you need to use the internet for longer than 30mins., consider the following options: 1) $4.95 (£3.01, €3.77) per hour (pay as you go), 2) $7.95 (£4.83,€6.05) for unlimited access throughout a 24-hour period (day pass), 3) $9.95 (£6.04,€7.58) per month (unlimited access via a monthly subscription, to be used worldwide), or 4) if you already have a user account, simply log in using your user name and password. ATMs, currency exchange options (Lenlyn or Travelex), a rental phone shop, and more than 100 shops alongside various dining options are available at the terminals.Ground transportation services from JFK Airport to New York CityThe most convenient, stress-free way for travel from and to JFK Airport is to take the AirTrain. It is a cost efficient and helps you make sure you arrive at the airport in time, whilst avoiding possible traffic jams. You can access AirTrain services via the New York City subway system, which is also connected to the Long Island Railroad (LIRR). The journey from/to the city takes just over an hour. AirTrain is operated 24 hours on 365 days a year. Within the airport area, it connects terminals and also enables you to easily access car rental services, hotel shuttle areas and parking lots. At peak times the trains depart every 7 minutes and at off-peak times they go every 15 minutes. However, be clever in choosing your business travel route, as various routes make different stops within the airport. Good news for corporate travellers is that travel within the airport is usually free of charge. However, travel outside the airport is subject to a fee. AirTrain prices generally start from $5 (£3.04, €3.81). For more details on ticket prices are provided on the JFK Airport website under costs and tickets. If you travel via New York&#8217;s public transport network, then it is a good idea to use MetroCard, which is widely accepted and is worth to purchase for travel via subway, local trains, or buses. You can find vending machines for buying a MetroCard at Howard Beach and Jamaica Station. A good alternative for corporate travellers would be to take a taxi (for up to 4 passengers). Simply wait in the cab line for a licensed and insured cab to take you to your destination (about $52, i.e. about £31.58, €39.59, flat rate between JFK and Manhattan, excluding tips and tolls). The time for this trip should be about an hour. However, it can take much longer during rush hour.Shared-ride shuttle services are a cheaper option than taxis, but can involve a lot of waiting and being driven around New York City to drop other people off first. You can find a full list of providers on the airport authority&#8217;s website. But remember to tip appropriately, as tipping (around 20% of transfer cost) is quite common and keep in mind that bridge/tunnel tolls are not included in the shared-ride shuttle services fares. Another option is to ask your business travel company to arrange a shuttle service for your trip from and to John F. Kennedy International Airport as prices can vary greatly depending on location and number of passengers. In this way you can ensure that you are travelling with a reliable supplier.An express bus service is also available for a nominal fee from Penn Station (reachable e.g. by AirTrain or taxi). The service operates from early morning to late night, with buses running at least every half hour.The airport is also home to several car rental agencies. Leisure and corporate travellers can choose between a number of car major rental companies including Advantage, Thrifty, Dollar, Enterprise, Budget, Hertz, National and Avis.So, which mode of transport should corporate travellers choose for a trip from JFK to Newark and LaGuardia airports? Usually the best way to get to Newark Airport from JFK Airport is to simply take the AirTrain. However, if you need to travel to LaGuardia during your business trip, it we recommend to take advantage of a convenient shuttle bus service, using the free Route A (running every 10-15 minutes from 4:00am to 11:30pm) or Route B (running every 10-15 minutes from 6:00am to 2:00am). In any case, more details, also for connections to other airports, are available on the JFK Airport Connections page.Hotels near JFK AirportHotel booking services for corporate travellers flying to New York JFK AirportAlthough there are no operating hotels at JFK Airport at the moment, New York provides corporate travellers a huge choice (from budget accommodation to luxury suites) of hotels and motels, which are conveniently located nearby the airport. Most hotel accommodations nearby offer shuttle services. Alternatively you can take the AirTrain to the Federal Circle station and follow the &#8220;Courtesy Hotel Shuttles&#8221; signs. There are telephone services for the hotel courtesy shuttles located at the AirTrain Federal Circle Station and in the arrival areas of the airport terminals ($5, i.e. about £3.04, €3.81, Service Charge for making reservations). The range of motels and hotels include the Hilton*, the Courtyard* by Marriott, Hampton Inn*, Sheraton*, Hilton Garden, Comfort Inn, Holiday Inn Express, Fairfield Inn* by Marriott, Days Inn, Best Western and Howards Johnson. The ones marked by an * are also offering conference and meeting rooms for corporate events.© Copyright Flightline Travel Management Ltd. All rights reserved. All prices correct at time of publication.In part two of our New York City Airport guide we&#8217;ll provide you with some business travel agents insider tips on Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) and LaGuardia Airport (LGA). </p>
  238. ]]></content:encoded>
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  240. <slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
  241. </item>
  242. <item>
  243. <title>Lean Methodology in Health Care Quality Improvement</title>
  244. <link>https://rrfmlln.info/lean-methodology-in-health-care-quality-improvement</link>
  245. <comments>https://rrfmlln.info/lean-methodology-in-health-care-quality-improvement#comments</comments>
  246. <pubDate>Fri, 24 Feb 2023 09:59:38 +0000</pubDate>
  247. <dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
  248. <category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
  249. <category><![CDATA[Health Care]]></category>
  250.  
  251. <guid isPermaLink="false">http://rrfmlln.info/?p=44</guid>
  252. <description><![CDATA[Lean production (Lean) is a type of quality improvement methodology which has been implemented in many industries. Its principles and practices also have been applied to health care organizations with success. This has been accomplished with refinement for the nuances of health care. Lean is a process management philosophy which has its roots in manufacturing [...]]]></description>
  253. <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> Lean production (Lean) is a type of quality improvement methodology which has been implemented in many industries. Its principles and practices also have been applied to health care organizations with success. This has been accomplished with refinement for the nuances of health care. Lean is a process management philosophy which has its roots in manufacturing and technology. It was developed as part of the Toyota Production System for the process assembly of automobiles (Toyota Motor Corporation, 2009). The Toyota System is comprehensive and spans a large number of methods and practices. It was initially influenced by the work of W. Edwards Deming and Henry Ford and was also inspired by innovation in the American grocery store industry of the 1950s (Keller, 2006). This is reflected in the Just-in-Time philosophy of productivity improvement, which emphasizes producing quality products efficiently through the complete elimination of waste, inconsistencies, and unreasonable requirements (Toyota Motor Corporation, 2009). Though the Lean methodology was initially developed as part of an overall system focusing on the production of automobiles, its principles also have been adapted for health care. As certain case studies indicate, Lean thinking and tools have been successfully applied to specific health care settings. The scope and value of Lean production within this field will be explored in this paper.Significance:ValueA significant component of Lean is the concept of value: the theoretical concept of value, the measurement of value, and the tangible processes behind delivering value. Lean is unique in that it accounts for the reduction of waste in order to achieve both real and potential value. Recovering this value can present itself in the form of saved costs or other tangibles. Lean thinking dictates that the expenditure of resources for any purpose other than delivering value to the customer is considered to be wasteful. The reduced expenditure of time, money, and resources is thought to bring additional bottom-line benefit to the customer. The customer-centric focus of Lean thinking is especially relevant to health care. Broader levels of patient/customer satisfaction are constantly being sought. This mode of thinking has been brought on by increased competition among organizations and the need to differentiate services. It is recognized that providing complete customer satisfaction can be vastly beneficial to health care organizations. Customer satisfaction can be an equally important measure of an organization&#8217;s performance as the delivery of quality health outcomes. This is a factor which is exemplified in Noriaki Kano&#8217;s model. Lean thinking dictates that processes and methods must be efficiently optimized with the needs of customers in mind in order for organizations to be fully effective.Problem Addressed: WasteLean focuses on the maximization of process velocity through the reduction of waste. It provides tools for analyzing process flow and delay times at each activity in a process. The focal point is the separation of &#8220;value-added&#8221; from &#8220;non-value-added&#8221; work. This is complemented by tools which aide in the identification and elimination of root causes of non-valued activities. The primary problem addressed by Lean is waste, which can affect value in a number of ways. It may result in lower quality products, higher costs, less favorable customer experiences, excessive time or effort expended to complete goals, or fewer resources available for innovation which could provide potential value at a future date. Waste can be found in people, processes, tangibles, and other areas. Eliminating waste through the lens of Lean production can help to achieve the goals of health care organizations. There are eight generally identifiable centers of waste: overproduction, waiting (time on hand), unnecessary transport or conveyance, over-processing or incorrect processing, excess inventory, unnecessary human movement, defects, and unused employee creativity (United States Army, 2009). There are variations on these categories of waste depending on the setting or industry. For the purpose of health care Caldwell (2005) slightly refines these measures into seven categories of waste. These consist of &#8220;in-quality/out-of-quality staffing or overcapacity, overcorrection, over processing, excess inventory, waiting, motion of patients or staff, and material and information movement (Caldwell, 2005, p. 46).&#8221; Regardless of the differences in terminologies used, there are common centers of waste in health care which can be targeted for elimination. These can be identified through Lean processes which focus on root cause analysis.Process: Root Cause AnalysisA crucial process in Lean is the identification of waste through root cause analysis. Root cause analysis in Lean involves a method called 5-Whys (Toyota Manufacturing Kentucky, 2003). This method rapidly identifies root causes and aides in determining the relationship between multiple root causes. It can be learned quickly and does not require statistical analysis. This method is especially effective for an implementation team in the initial stages of problem exploration. The application of this strategy involves asking a series of why-related questions to drill down into a problem area. Asking progressive questions about a perceived difficulty forces team members to think critically about the actual sources of waste and inefficiency. It is suggested that at least five questions (5-Whys) are posed to arrive at the root cause, though a root cause may be discovered in more or less inquires.The following is an example of a 5-Whys exercise used in a hypothetical hospital setting:(Q1) Why are patients being diverted to neighboring hospitals?(A1) Because wait times for our hospital are exceeding industry norms.(Q2) Why are our wait times exceeding industry norms?(A2) Because patient volume is exceeding capacity.(Q3) Why is patient volume exceeding capacity?(A3) Because not enough hospital beds are available.(Q4) Why are not enough hospital beds available?(A4) Because hospital patients are not being discharged efficiently.(Q5) Why are hospital patients not being discharged efficiently?(A5) Because ER staff is not following best practices for proper discharge.In this example, waste in the throughput process comes from incorrect processing. Once hospital management determines the root cause they can implement further training, ensure compliance with existing standards, or eliminate other barriers. In this case the hospital might consider implementing a training program to ensure that ER staff is following best practices for patient discharge. The hospital might also conduct additional 5-Whys analyses to uncover other problem areas. Once root causes of waste are uncovered, the elimination of waste or other related action plans can be executed.Sources of wasteSources of waste vary greatly by industry. The majority of waste encountered by health care organizations occurs in flow and throughput. As a result, Lean implementations in this field are primarily focused on the elimination of waste in staffing and staff/patient processes. Unlike manufacturing industries most health care organizations have very little inventory. Thus, some of the Lean concepts related to inventory control are less applicable to health care. Health care organizations typically spend a larger percentage of operating expenses on overhead and labor costs. This can account for 50 percent of the operating costs while inventory is in the range of 2 percent (Caldwell, 2005). Understanding waste in throughput entails a comprehension of the relationships between process variables and costs. Costs are not causes of waste but are indicators of interrelationships between processes. While the ultimate goal of most Lean implementations is to recover costs as tangible benefits, eliminating costs without fully understanding processes is problematic. Looking at the types of cost recovery is essential to determining an action plan.Solution: Cost RecoveryThe ultimate goal of most Lean implementations is to attain a tangible benefit, often in the form of a cost recovery. However, not all process improvement opportunities will result in immediate returns. The actual realization of a benefit depends on the nature of the improvement as well as the additional steps that management takes to achieve it. Caldwell (2005) cites three types of cost recovery through the elimination of waste: Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3. In a Type 1 situation the process throughput improvement will yield a direct cost recovery. For example, a process improvement that reduces length of patient stay would recover costs in the form of reduced resources expended. In a Type 2 situation, the process improvement saves time but does not result in cost recovery without additional hours worked per unit of service. A provider may spend less time per patient because of reduced length of stay but scheduling will need to be adjusted in order to capitalize on the benefit to workflow. Lastly, Type 3 yields savings in the form of immediate optimization of capacity. In this situation a process improvement in an emergency room, for example, may allow a provider to see more patients in the same staffed time without additional action taken by management. This is similar to a Type 2 recovery but with no changes to scheduling. This can occur if the provider is willing to see more patients per unit of time and sufficient patient volume exists to achieve capacity. Maximum velocity is achieved without additional action needed to be carried out by management. These examples show that throughput improvement may not achieve an immediate benefit without other factors. It also brings to light the fact that throughput improvement may yield different benefits such as recovered costs, time saved, or increased revenues. Regardless of the actual benefit achieved and the way that it is realized, the ultimate outcome must increase bottom-line value and satisfaction to customers in some way.Examples of Lean implementation in HealthcareThe study of actual Lean implementations in health care is essential to understanding their application. One example of a successful implementation is outlined by Fairbanks (2007) at a medical center in Vermont. This implementation dramatically improved overall throughput processes within the organization. An implementation team was assembled and delved into all steps of the processes they were analyzing in order to determine the sources of waste. They utilized various Lean steps and methodologies to conduct root-cause analyses and prioritize process improvements. The team measured time involved, identified activities, and made rapid improvements through the elimination of non value-added activities. A large part of their improvements involved the elimination of redundancy. The topic of redundancy shows the importance of analyzing all processes, even those which are perceived to contribute to customer value. Even though a particular function may provide value in an organization it is possible that a redundant function may exist which can be eliminated. In another case example Lean methodology was used to streamline the physical space and inventory areas of a Denver-area hospital (Gabow, Albert, Kaufman, Wilson, &#038; Eisert, 2008). The implementation team utilized the 5-S approach to organize physical work spaces within the hospital. 5-S is a Lean improvement which incorporates visualization management to organize objects and supplies. The five Ss stand for sort, set in order, shine, standardize, and sustain. These steps involve tasks ranging from simple clean-up and organization to the implementation of detailed visual controls. In a 5-S environment there is &#8220;a place for everything and everything in its place, when you need it (Lean Innovations, 2003).&#8221; The Denver hospital used this approach in a series of projects focusing on individual offices, nursing stations, entire laboratories, and financial services departments. These spaces were reorganized to achieve optimal work flow and good space management. The successful outcomes included reclaimed physical work space, improved lab turnaround time, reduced time in locating equipment, and better processes which could improve patient care (Gabow et al, 2008). The 5-s method is an excellent first step in implementing Lean programs in a health care organization. Improvement of physical work space can positively affect mindset and mental perception of work. Another case example of a successful 5-S implementation involves a rural health clinic in Georgia. Lean techniques were used in this organization to resolve problems with bottlenecks, turnaround times, customer satisfaction, and overworked nurses (Cross, 2009). 5-S is one of many Lean tools which can provide immediate benefit.ConclusionLean is a multifaceted approach to quality improvement which has tangible benefits to health care organizations. There are aspects which focus on reducing non value-added work and waste to achieve value in various ways. Successfully implementing Lean in health care depends on the setting involved and the motivation of management and teams. Health care encompasses a wide range of organizations and each has unique characteristics which must be considered in light of Lean processes. Important considerations in implementing lean in any environment can be reduced to a few key points: Understanding the concept of value Understanding waste and its sources Learning how to determine and analyze root causes Prioritizing multiple root causes Devising methods to eliminate waste Determining ways to recover costs or achieve benefits Analyzing effectiveness and repeating steps if necessary In addition, it is important to note that eliminating waste through a Lean process may not immediately result in tangible benefit. Management must thoroughly analyze action plans and make adjustments based on actual outcomes. Additional steps may need to be taken following initial process improvements. This is especially relevant in health care where process throughput improvement and staffing are areas which are commonly targeted. These areas may involve more challenges when trying to extract benefit. Freeing time for providers cannot always be capitalized upon without other capacity and throughput improvements. Scheduling or work flow functions may need to be overhauled in order for providers to increase overall process velocity and maximize value per unit for time. It is also crucial to realize that humans are not machines. Theoretical methods of quality improvement in Lean may not always be feasible to achieve at maximum levels. The Lean methodology developed by Toyota is very cognizant of respect for people. It is reflective of a collective culture and a holistic concept rather than a series of parts or steps. This is a fact which cannot be overlooked by management and teams when planning an implementation. People perform processes with normal human variation and improvements must be sensitive, appropriate, and sustainable. </p>
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